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To J. A. H. de Bosquet   18 June 1853

Summary

Thanks for fossil cirripede specimens. Comments on various specimens.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Augustin Hubert de Bosquet
Date:  18 June 1853
Classmark:  DAR 143: 126
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1520

Matches: 12 hits

  • … de Limbourg. Haarlem. Fossil Cirripedia (1851): A monograph on the fossil Lepadidæ, or, …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1851. Fossil Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of …
  • … Society. 1854. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … geological information in Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  v. A misreading by the copyist of ‘ …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …
  • … as distinct, but closely allied, species ( Fossil Cirripedia (1851): 68, 69). Three …
  • … are described in Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  28–35. In his description of S.  maximum, var. …
  • … of Diotascalpellum fossula ) ( Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  34). CD noted a close affinity …
  • … rutilum and S.  fossula had twelve or fourteen valves ( Living Cirripedia (1851):  254 n. …
  • … and Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  22). Mitella was a …
  • … s genus Pollicipes (see Living Cirripedia (1851):  293). In a note, CD explained: ‘This is …
  • … text, as he had done in Living Cirripedia (1851) . Scalpellum pulchellum and three other …

To J. A. H. de Bosquet   17 July 1853

Summary

Discusses valves in Scalpellum. Comments on JAHdeB’s research on cirripedes.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Augustin Hubert de Bosquet
Date:  17 July 1853
Classmark:  DAR 143: 127
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1523

Matches: 10 hits

  • … of Sussex. London. Fossil Cirripedia (1851): A monograph on the fossil Lepadidæ, or, …
  • … cirripedes of Great Britain. By Charles Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1851. …
  • … the collection of the British Museum in Living Cirripedia (1851):  253–8. He originally …
  • … had only twelve valves ( Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  22), but he corrected the number …
  • … to fourteen valves in Living Cirripedia (1851):  254 and n. …
  • … In Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  22, CD concluded ‘without hesitation’ that there were only …
  • … of S.  quadratum in Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  22 (see also Correspondence vol.  4, letter …
  • … 1850] , n.  2). See Living Cirripedia (1851):  264–5 and Living Cirripedia (1854):  631. …
  • … Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …

To T. H. Huxley   11 April [1853]

Summary

Offers to send Ascidia specimens of Beagle voyage. Describes some of them.

Hopes THH will review his book [Living Cirripedia, vol. 1] which has been published for a year with no notice taken of it except briefly by Dana.

Discusses Limulus-like larva. "I have become a man of one idea.– cirripedes morning & night."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  11 Apr [1853]
Classmark:  DAR 145: 150Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 13)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1514

Matches: 11 hits

  • … by the reference to Living Cirripedia (1851) having been published a year previously (see …
  • … Bibliography Fossil Cirripedia (1851): A monograph on the fossil Lepadidæ, or, …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1851. Huxley, Thomas Henry. 1852. Researches …
  • … 1898–1903, 1: 194–6. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …
  • … November 1850, 28 April, and 10 November 1851. ] Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der …
  • … see letter to T.  H. Huxley, 17 July [1851] , n.  1). An unannotated reprint of …
  • … Pamphlet Collection–CUL. Fossil Cirripedia (1851) had been announced in the Annales des …
  • … Naturelles ( Zoologie) 3d ser.  15 (1851): 175, but later volumes were not noticed, even …
  • … Only in 1856 was Living Cirripedia (1851) reviewed by Julius Viktor Carus in his survey of …
  • … 9. Huxley did not review Living Cirripedia (1851) , but in one of his ‘Lectures on general …

To C. S. Bate   1 April [1853]

Summary

Thanks for specimens of cirripedes attached to rocks, which show no boring. CD hopes to see some on limestone.

Encourages CSB to do research on the complemental males of Scalpellum vulgare.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Spence Bate
Date:  1 Apr [1853]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1511

Matches: 5 hits

  • … and preserving cirripede specimens (see letter to C.  S. Bate, 18 August [1851] ). …
  • … Bibliography Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …
  • … power of Lithotrya in Living Cirripedia (1851):  336–48. CD thought he was justified in …
  • … easily obtained. ’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851):  243 n. ). CD had earlier advised Bate in …

To C. S. Bate   10 January [1853]

Summary

Asks if CSB can help him obtain specimen of Verruca.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Spence Bate
Date:  10 Jan [1853]
Classmark:  Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1471

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Plate XXIX, p.  670. See letters to Edward Forbes , [1 May – 5 June 1851] , and to C.   …
  • … S. Bate, 13 June [1851] and …
  • … 18 August [1851]. …
  • … Bibliography Bate, Charles Spence. 1851. On the development of the Cirripedia. Annals and …
  • … is a synonym of Verruca stroemia . Bate 1851 . CD used Bate’s figures of the spermatozoa …

From J. D. Hooker   [4 November 1853]

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Summary

Royal Society votes its Royal Medal for 1853 to CD. JDH reports the debate and vote at the Royal Society Council.

Honoured for Coral reefs

and Cirripedia.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [4 Nov 1853]
Classmark:  DAR 104: 186–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1539

Matches: 8 hits

  • … the award were Geology of ‘Beagle’ (the 1851 combined edition of Coral reefs , Volcanic …
  • … islands , and South America ), Fossil Cirripedia (1851) , and …
  • … Living Cirripedia (1851) (Royal Society council minutes). The citation of the award, …
  • … University Press. 1927–96. Fossil Cirripedia (1851): A monograph on the fossil Lepadidæ, …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1851. Hall, Marie Boas. 1984. All scientists …
  • … University Press. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. South America : Geological observations on …
  • … points of interest in Living Cirripedia (1851) , on the Lepadidae. See Correspondence …

To J. A. H. de Bosquet   15 April [1853]

Summary

Discusses the development and morphology of Verruca.

Would be proud to receive memoir ["Les crustacés fossiles du Limbourg" (1854)].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Augustin Hubert de Bosquet
Date:  15 Apr [1853]
Classmark:  DAR 143: 124
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1515

Matches: 7 hits

  • … 1854):  526. In Living Cirripedia (1851) , the genus is called Pæcilasma throughout the …
  • … de Limbourg. Haarlem. Fossil Cirripedia (1851): A monograph on the fossil Lepadidæ, or, …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1851. Fossil Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of …
  • … Society. 1854. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … CD had sent copies of Fossil Cirripedia (1851) and …
  • … Living Cirripedia (1851) to Bosquet (letter to J.  A. H. de Bosquet, 17 December [1852]). …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …

To Charles Lyell   7 June [1853]

Summary

Describes meeting of Geological Society [1 June 1853].

Mentions his criticism of Murchison’s lecture on flints.

Describes Robert Chambers’ "On the glacial phenomena in Scotland" [Edinburgh New Philos. J. 54 (1853): 229–82].

Mentions controversial election of members to the Royal Society.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  7 June [1853]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.107)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1518

Matches: 6 hits

  • … 9: 296-312. [Vols. 5,9] Trimmer, Joshua. 1851. On the origin of the soils which cover the …
  • … Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, had been asked by the Government to represent …
  • … s views on the catastrophic origin of the flint drift, see Murchison 1851  which refers …
  • … to Trimmer 1851 , the first part of Trimmer’s work on the origin of the soils which cover …
  • … of the drift deposits, see Murchison 1851 , p.  395. The angular nature of the flints, …
  • … produced ‘water-worn pebbles’ ( Murchison 1851 , p.  394). William Hopkins . CD eventually …

To J. A. H. de Bosquet   24 December 1853

Summary

Comments on MS of JAHdeB’s work ["Crustacés fossiles du Limbourg" (1854)].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Augustin Hubert de Bosquet
Date:  24 Dec 1853
Classmark:  DAR 143: 129
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1543

Matches: 3 hits

  • … de Limbourg. Haarlem. Fossil Cirripedia (1851): A monograph on the fossil Lepadidæ, or, …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of …
  • … of Bosquet 1854 . See Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  10. See letter to J.  A. H. de Bosquet, …

To W. D. Fox   29 January [1853]

Summary

Discusses education of his sons. Would like to see more diversity.

He is pleased that Richard Owen and others had a good opinion of his first volume [on Living Cirripedia].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  29 Jan [1853]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 82)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1499

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Society. 1854. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …
  • … Ibla and Scalpellum ( Living Cirripedia (1851):  281–93). See letter to Richard Owen, 17  …

To C. S. Bate   7 July [1853]

Summary

Will quote CSB on discovery of Alcippe lampas.

Hopes CSB continues to look for Verruca on limestone.

Discusses use of CSB’s larvae illustrations [for Living Cirripedia].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Spence Bate
Date:  7 July [1853]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1521

Matches: 2 hits

  • … and Living Cirripedia (1854):  514). Bate 1851 (see Living Cirripedia (1854):  104 and …
  • … Bibliography Bate, Charles Spence. 1851. On the development of the Cirripedia. Annals and …

To J. D. Hooker   25 September [1853]

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Summary

Further response to MS of introductory essay to Flora Novae-Zelandiae.

Disbelieving in permanence of species has made little difference to CD in his barnacle work.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  25 Sept [1853]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 150
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1532

Matches: 3 hits

  • … University Press. 1985–. Fossil Cirripedia (1851): A monograph on the fossil Lepadidæ, or, …
  • … London: Palaeontographical Society. 1851. Hoffmann, Hermann. 1852. Pflanzenverbreitung und …
  • … Scalpellum maximum in Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  26. CD’s general point is that he would …

To T. H. Huxley   23 April [1853]

Summary

On THH’s paper on cephalous Mollusca [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 143 (1853) pt 1: 29–66]. Discovery of the type or "idea" (in THH’s sense, not Owen’s or Agassiz’s) is one of the highest ends of natural history.

Discusses anamorphism;

position of heart in Cleodora.

Variability within species;

cementing process in cirripedes.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  23 Apr [1853]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 4)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1480

Matches: 3 hits

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …
  • … 1898–1903, 1: 152–93. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, …
  • … May [1852] , n.  5. In Living Cirripedia (1851):  38 n. and in Living Cirripedia (1854):  …

To Albany Hancock   12 February [1853]

Summary

Describes anatomy and growth stages of Alcippe in close detail.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Albany Hancock
Date:  12 Feb [1853]
Classmark:  Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1501

Matches: 3 hits

  • … the Lepadidae (see Living Cirripedia (1851):  170). CD did finally classify Alcippe as a …
  • … Bibliography Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …

To Andrew Crombie Ramsay   9 April [1853]

Summary

Discusses geological foliation and cleavage. Urges ACR to read CD’s remarks on subject in his South America before ACR publishes his paper ["On the lower Palaeozoic rocks", Q. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 9 (1853): 161–79].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Andrew Crombie Ramsay
Date:  9 Apr [1853]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.106)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1512

Matches: 2 hits

  • … n.  2, and, in this volume, letters to Charles Lyell , [8 April 1851] , and to Daniel …
  • … Sharpe , 16 October [1851], n.  5. …

To W. D. Fox   17 July [1853]

Summary

Discusses Rugby and education in general. The enormous proportion of time spent on classics checks interest "in anything in which reasoning & observation comes into play".

Expresses shock and sympathy on learning of the deaths in WDF’s house.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  17 July [1853]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 84)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1522

Matches: 3 hits

  • … London: John Murray. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Moore, James Richard. 1977. On the education …
  • … had received a copy of Living Cirripedia (1851) . CD had originally planned to write only …

To J. D. Dana   6 December [1853]

Summary

Responds to JDD’s objections to his views on the three pairs of appendages in larvae of cirripedes. Reports observations which confirm his views.

Gives his confidential opinion of A. White, C. S. Bate, T. Bell, and W. Baird.

Interested in JDD’s observation that Crustacea are not most developed in the tropics. If JDD ever works it out either in number of species or rank, CD would be glad to have result.

Comments on article by Henri Milne-Edwards ["Crustacés", Ann. Sci. Nat. (Zool.) 18 (1852): 109–66].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  James Dwight Dana
Date:  6 Dec [1853]
Classmark:  Yale University Library: Manuscripts and Archives (Dana Family Papers (MS 164) Series 1, Box 2, folder 43)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1542

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Dana had earlier reviewed Living Cirripedia (1851) for the American Journal of Science and …
  • … in the zoology department of the British Museum . In 1851 CD wrote a testimonial for him ( …
  • … letter to Adam White, 26 December 1851 ). In 1863, White became an inmate of a Scottish …

To Charles Lyell   15 February [1853]

Summary

Returns Lake Superior [1850], which he already has received from Agassiz. Thanks for pamphlets by C. B. Adams [on Mollusca, Contrib. Conchol. 10 (1851): 189–206; 11 (1852): 207–15].

Describes his dissection of an unusual cirripede [Alcippe lampas] with 12 males attached [see Living Cirripedia 2: 556, 558].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  15 Feb [1853]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.103)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1502

Matches: 1 hit

  • … B. Adams [on Mollusca, Contrib. Conchol. 10 (1851): 189–206; 11 (1852): 207–15]. Describes …

To W. D. Fox   10 August [1853]

Summary

Thanks WDF for writing so soon after his misfortunes, and again expresses sympathy.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  10 Aug [1853]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 85)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1527

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Anne Elizabeth Darwin had died on 23 April 1851. Fox had previously suffered the death of …

To John Higgins   14 June [1853]

Summary

Discusses account.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Higgins
Date:  14 June [1853]
Classmark:  Lincolnshire Archives (HIG/4/2/1/65)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1519

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Hardy (see letter to John Higgins, 7 June 1851 ). In 1850 CD had agreed to a reduction of …
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The death of Anne Elizabeth Darwin

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851.   Emma was heavily pregnant with their fifth son, Horace, at the time and could not go with Charles when he took Annie to Malvern to consult the hydrotherapist, Dr Gully.…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851.   Emma was heavily pregnant with …
  • … expired at Malvern at 1  Midday on the 23 d . of April 1851.— I write these few pages, as I …
  • … her dear joyous face. Blessings on her.— April 30. 1851. Notes: 1 …
  • … Darwin’s reaction to her sister’s death Aug. 1851. Etty nearly 8 years old. She appeared for …
  • … Annie's illness and death To W. D. Fox, [ 27 March 1851 ] To Emma Darwin,  [17 …

Our poor dear dear child: To Emma Darwin, [23 April 1851]

Summary

  Marsha Richmond shares her experiences of editing the very moving letters Darwin wrote to his wife Emma about the death of their daughter Anne Elizabeth Darwin in 1851, aged 10.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … about the death of their daughter Anne Elizabeth Darwin in 1851, aged 10. …

Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia

Summary

Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…

Matches: 12 hits

  • … he explained in the preface to Living Cirripedia (1851): vii, ‘to have described only a single …
  • …   In both volumes of Living Cirripedia (1851 and 1854), Darwin devoted an …
  • … parts of the mature animal.’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 25). As a basis for his homologies, …
  • … in the various genera of Lepadidae ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 286–7), which he later …
  • … the highest classificatory value’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 285).^12^    For delineating …
  • … the cement glands of the organism ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 20). This association suggested to …
  • … feel no hesitation in advancing it. ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 37–8)    In Living …
  • … belonging to the same species!’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 293)—this discovery was unique in the …
  • … devoted the first sixty-five pages of Living Cirripedia (1851), and a lengthy section in …
  • … by a letter he wrote to Charles Spence Bate, 13 June [1851] ( Correspondence vol. 5), in …
  • … mentioned both Coral reefs and Living Cirripedia (1851), but it was the latter work that …
  • … to the analogy with plants in Living Cirripedia (1851): 214: ‘Although the existence of …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 24 hits

  • … pages of text copied from Notebook C and carries on through 1851; the second (DAR 128) continues the …
  • … from Parent to offspring of some Forms of Disease. 1851 [Whitehead 1851]. Packard. A Guide to …
  • … [Malcolm 1836] H. Dixon Life of Pen [W. H. Dixon 1851].— Southeys Life of Wesley [R. …
  • … Humboldt 1849]. Liebigs Lectures on Chemistry [Liebig 1851]. Sir John Davies. China …
  • … Steenstrup on Hermaphroditismus [Steenstrup 1846]. 1851. Jan. 6 th . Pickering Races …
  • … 1850].— April 5 Manual of Geology Lyell [Lyell 1851] —— 30 Annales des Sc. Phys. de  …
  • … nothing July 16 th  Dixon. Pigeons [E. S. Dixon 1851].— Dec. 26. Count Odart’s …
  • … Wilkie [Cunningham 1843] [DAR 119: 23b] 1851 Jan 27. M. Martineau. …
  • … 1844]. good London Labour & London Poor [Mayhew 1851].— Missionary Life in Canada …
  • … July 1 st . Edwardes Year in Punjaub [Edwardes 1851] good 16 Gleig’s Life of Clive [Gleig …
  • … 15. Liebig Familiar letters on Chemistry [Liebig 1851]. Nov. 15 th  Wilson Voyage. Scotland …
  • … [DAR *128: 182] 83 Jury Report. Exhibition of 1851 on silk-worms & sheep, selection …
  • … et de ses ràces ou varietes 8 o . 12. p. 1 Pl. Poitiers 1851. Chez H. Oudin [Mauduyt 1851] Read …
  • … of Madeira with list of Birds ( some migratory ) [Harcourt 1851]. Yarrell has (read) Rev d …
  • … Horticulture, Floriculture and Natural Science ] (1850? 1851?) must positively  be read 96 …
  • … 1852] grand illustrated work on Legumes [?Vilmorin-Andrieux 1851–7] 110 [DAR *128: 154] …
  • … March 26. Gosse’s Sojourn in Jamaica [Gosse 1851] April 30 Journal of Horticultural Soc of …
  • … 1852 . Feb. 1. Emigrants Manual [Burton 1851] March 10 th  Hind’s Solar System …
  • … Man’s Nature & Development [Atkinson and Martineau 1851] —— 25 Head. Home Tour …
  • …   of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia ] Vol I to V 1851 M. Edwards. Introduction …
  • … —— 13 th  Neale’s Residences in Siam [Neale 1851] 22 Sir J. Davis China during War and …
  • … 1853] (excellent) —— 23 Howitts Victoria [Howitt 1851] part of (poor) Oct 7 th  Sir …
  • … 28 th . Delineations of the Ox Tribe &c by George Vasey. 1851 [Vasey 1851]. May 28. …
  • … June 8 th  Sketch of Madeira by E. Vernon Harcourt p. 1851 [Harcourt 1851] —— 11 Busk …

Living and fossil cirripedia

Summary

Darwin published four volumes on barnacles, the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia, between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on fossil species. Written for a specialist audience, they are among the most challenging and least read of Darwin’s works…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … four volumes on the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and …
  • … made to the plates, but even close to publication in early 1851, Darwin told Sowerby, ‘ I like the …
  • … books. ’ When the first fossil monograph appeared in June 1851, it was the third part of volume 5 …
  • … of the living species; having finished writing in July 1851 , he corrected proof-sheets from …
  • … the first volume of Living Cirripedia bears the date 1851, it did not appear until January …

Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles

Summary

Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … confusing sub-class of Crustacea,  Living Cirripedia  (1851, 1854) and  Fossil Cirripedia  (1851
  • … dioecious plants from monoecious forms (Living Cirripedia (1851): 214; (1854): 29, 528 n.) and, at …
  • … he justified in a lengthy footnote (Living Cirripedia (1851): 293 n.). The problem that bothered …

Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter

Summary

The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…

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  • … to Darwin and to his contemporaries. Throughout 1851, Darwin concentrated on the pedunculated …
  • … details with the Ray Society for  Living Cirripedia  (1851) and with the Palaeontographical …

1.3 Thomas Herbert Maguire, lithograph

Summary

< Back to Introduction This striking portrait of Darwin, dating from 1849, belonged to a series of about sixty lithographic portraits of naturalists and other scientists drawn by Thomas Herbert Maguire. They were successively commissioned over a…

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  • … the small impression that can be purchased.’   In 1851 the scope of the project was expanded …
  • … in securing the Association’s decision to hold its July 1851 meeting in Ipswich. Furthermore, this …
  • … When Prince Albert himself visited the Ipswich conference in 1851 amid great celebrations, he too …
  • … Letter from Ransome to Michael Faraday, 6 June 1851, in Frank A.J.L. James (ed.), The …
  • … of Science’, dated from Ipswich, Times (3 July 1851), p. 5. ‘Visit of Prince Albert to Ipswich’, …

Alexander Burns Usborne

Summary

Alexander Burns Usborne was born in Kendal, Westmorland, in 1808, the son of Alexander and Margaret Usborne; his father died in 1818 and in his will was described as the purser on HMS Hannibal. His son joined the navy in 1825 aged 16 as a second-class…

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  • … 1842 he returned to surveying around the British coast. In 1851 his sister was living in Plymstock, …
  • … National Archives: Public Record Office HO107/276/2/21/36), 1851 (HO107/1877/160/2), 1861 (RG 9/1428 …

George Robert Waterhouse

Summary

George Waterhouse was born on 6 March 1810 in Somers Town, North London. His father was a solicitor’s clerk and an amateur lepidopterist. George was educated from 1821-24 at Koekelberg near Brussels. On his return he worked for a time as an apprentice to…

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  • … branch. Waterhouse became keeper of mineralogy in 1851 and keeper of geology in 1856, where he added …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

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  • … when they had four children aged less than six years old in 1851, they employed eight servants …
  • … following the  death of his oldest daughter, Annie , in 1851. Seven years later he was again …

Bartholomew James Sulivan

Summary

On Christmas Day 1866, Bartholomew Sulivan sat down to write a typically long and chatty letter to his old friend, Charles Darwin, commiserating on shared ill-health, glorying in the achievements of their children, offering to collect plant specimens, and…

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  • … with his wife in the Falklands where they remained until 1851 – their eldest son, James Young …
  • … never suited him, and following his return to England in 1851 Sulivan was frequently ill, but never …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …

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  • …   Yokohama (Japan) 19 january 1851 Nijkerk 1 july 1915 …
  • … Leyden University.   Leiden 16 june 1851 Giethoorn 27 …
  • … School   Roermond 11 december 1851 Utrecht 1 may 1902 …
  • … School.   Utrecht 3 june 1851 Amsterdam 24 September 1933 …

John Murray

Summary

Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…

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  • … publications, his barnacle books ( Fossil Cirripedia  (1851 and 1854) and  Living Cirripedia   …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 4 hits

  • …   Yokohama (Japan) 19 January 1851 Nijkerk 1 July 1915 …
  • … Leyden University.   Leiden 16 June 1851 Giethoorn 27 …
  • … School   Roermond 11 December 1851 Utrecht 1 May 1902 …
  • … School.   Utrecht 3 June 1851 Amsterdam 24 September 1933 …

Thomas Henry Huxley

Summary

Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a leading Victorian zoologist, science popularizer, and education reformer. He was born in Ealing, a small village west of London, in 1825. With only two years of…

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  • … on H.M.S. Rattlesnake in the South Pacific (1846–1851).  He pursued natural history alongside …
  • … marine invertebrates. Shortly after his return to England in 1851, he was elected a fellow of the …

Death of Annie Darwin

Summary

The Darwins' 10-year old daughter, Anne Elizabeth, dies in Malvern.  Charles is with her, but Emma, heavily pregnant, has to stay behind at Down.

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  • … The Darwins' 10-year old daughter, Anne Elizabeth, dies in Malvern.  Charles is with her, but Emma …

Horace Darwin born

Summary

Darwin's son, and ninth child, Horace is born

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  • … Darwin's son, and ninth child, Horace is born …

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)

Summary

George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…

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  • … responsible for the magazine's success at that time. In 1851 she met the philosopher, writer …

About Darwin

Summary

To many of us, Darwin’s name is synonymous with his theory of evolution by natural selection.  But even before the publication of On the Origin of Species in 1859, he was publicly known through his popular book about the voyage of the Beagle, and he was…

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  • … in his sense of loss when his daughter Annie died in 1851. Darwin was educated at the …
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