From C. W. Thomson 30 June 1877
Summary
Wants CD’s advice on who would undertake describing the Crustacea from the Challenger expedition [1872–6].
Author: | Charles Wyville Thomson |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 30 June 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 178: 115 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11026 |
From Fritz Müller 5 April 1878
Summary
Observations on a sensitive Mimosa.
Comments on structure and positioning of "odoriferous organs" of moths and butterflies,
and feeding habits of butterfly larvae.
Author: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 5 Apr 1878 |
Classmark: | Oxford University Museum of Natural History (Hope Entomological Collections 1350: Hope/Westwood Archive, Darwin folder) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11463 |
From P. P. C. Hoek to C. W. Thomson 25 June 1877
Summary
Requests duplicates of [H. M. S.] Challenger Pycnogonidae.
Author: | Paulus Peronius Cato Hoek |
Addressee: | Charles Wyville Thomson |
Date: | 25 June 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 166: 228 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11016 |
From Francis Darwin 11 June 1877
Summary
Lists the tasks he has completed; sends on letter from Romanes; news of Bernard.
Author: | Francis Darwin |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 11 June 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 2 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10994F |
Matches: 2 hits
- … bracken fern), was published in Nature , 7 June 1877, pp. 100–1. See also letter from …
- … 1877 My dear Father I have got yr messages & will do them all square— There was a bigger sediment in the “cleaned” dish—but it is not soluble in ether. The teasels are all planted out & the case will be done tomorrow. Lettington is gone this morning for Drosera— I have made another big pot of mixture; the seeds have sprouted & he has begun watering— I am glad you approve of the Nature …
From G. J. Romanes 13 August 1877
Summary
Thanks for CD’s comments on ["Evolution of nerves"]. Admits that he may have "been too keen in my scent after nerves".
Notes effect of reversing direction of current in muscular tissue.
Author: | George John Romanes |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 13 Aug 1877 |
Classmark: | E. D. Romanes 1896, p. 63 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11105 |
From Hermann Müller 6 December 1876
Summary
Thanks for Cross and self-fertilisation.
Fritz Müller has been appointed "Naturalista Viajante" of the Rio de Janeiro Museum, which will help his income greatly.
Author: | Heinrich Ludwig Hermann (Hermann) Müller |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 6 Dec 1876 |
Classmark: | DAR 171: 308 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10702 |
From J. D. Hooker 2 March 1878
Summary
Supports Torbitt. Keenly aware of danger of growing crops from a single variety. Torbitt’s paper to Belfast BAAS meeting ["On the potato-disease", Rep. BAAS 44 (1874): 134] was sat upon.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 2 Mar 1878 |
Classmark: | DAR 104: 103–4 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11391 |
To J. D. Hooker [26 October 1877]
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | [26 Oct 1877] |
Classmark: | DAR 95: 455–6 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11210 |
From Fritz Müller 25 March 1877
Summary
Thanks CD for new [2d] edition of Orchids.
Mentions some observations on dimorphic plants.
Reports on a third species of Pontederia [see Forms of flowers, p. 185].
Describes some unusual grasses.
Reports rumours from southern Brazil concerning the existence of a gigantic subterranean animal.
Author: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 25 Mar 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 111: A89–90 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10911 |
To Gaston de Saporta 24 December 1877
Summary
Such honours as proposal for election to Institut affect CD very little.
GdeS’s idea that dicotyledonous plants were not developed until sucking insects evolved is a splendid one. The suggestion that fertilisation of the surviving members of the most ancient dicotyledons should be studied is a good one. CD hopes GdeS will keep it in mind.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Louis Charles Joseph Gaston (Gaston) de Saporta, comte de Saporta |
Date: | 24 Dec 1877 |
Classmark: | Archives Gaston de Saporta (private collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11287 |
To Grant Allen 2 [May] 1879
Summary
Has just read GA’s article in Fortnightly Review ["A problem of human evolution", 31 (1879): 778–86]. GA’s views very probable. Something wonderful to hear anyone defending sexual selection.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Charles Grant Blairfindie (Grant) Allen |
Date: | 2 [May] 1879 |
Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11967 |
To Gerard Krefft [September 1873]
Summary
Thanks for observations on worm-castings and for JLGK’s amusing letter.
Wants to know whether species of Eucalyptus are dichogamous. [The P.S. on Eucalyptus may be part of another letter to another correspondent.]
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Johann Louis Gerard (Gerard) Krefft |
Date: | [Sept 1873] |
Classmark: | Mitchell Library, Sydney (MLMSS 5828); Smithsonian Libraries (Dibner Library of the History of Science and Technology MSS 405 A Gift of the Burndy Library) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-9037 |
From Hermann Müller 7 August 1875
Summary
Thanks for Insectivorous plants.
Believes Lepidoptera are of greater importance as fertilisers in alpine regions than in lowlands.
The famous stone pits of Ohningen are for sale.
Author: | Heinrich Ludwig Hermann (Hermann) Müller |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 7 Aug 1875 |
Classmark: | DAR 171: 304 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10110 |
From D. J. Wintle [before 9] December 1881
Summary
Earthworms leave their burrows on hearing rifle volleys.
Author: | Douglas James Wintle |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [before 9] Dec 1881 |
Classmark: | DAR 181: 132 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13539 |
To Francis Darwin 15 [July 1878]
Summary
A report has arrived for FD which CD will forward.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Francis Darwin |
Date: | 15 [July 1878] |
Classmark: | DAR 211: 24 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11511 |
Matches: 3 hits
- … Nature article on strains (see n. 3, below). Micheli’s article, ‘Revue des principales publications de physiologie végétale en 1877’ ( …
- … 1877. — seems very good & full, with report of your work. — I will keep it for a week to read & then send it you. I send Nature …
- … 1877; Micheli 1878 ), was published in Archives des sciences physiques et naturelles , 15 April 1878. Micheli referred to F. Darwin 1878a and 1877b (see Micheli 1878 , pp. 41–2, 44–5). An abstract of a paper by George Howard Darwin ( G. H. Darwin 1878b ) in which George referred to William Thomson’s investigation of the bodily tides of an elastic sphere appeared in Nature , …
To G. J. Romanes 23 May 1877
Summary
Thanks him for book by Grant Allen [Physiological aesthetics (1877)].
Comments on dispute over spontaneous generation.
The Council [of the Royal Society] will not print Frank Darwin’s paper on Dipsacus [in Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond.].
Mentions GJR’s grafting experiments
and his investigation of spiritualism.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | George John Romanes |
Date: | 23 May 1877 |
Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.513) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10971 |
From James Geikie 20 November 1876
Summary
Glaciation in the British Isles.
S. B. J. Skertchley’s researches on Palaeolithic man in England [Nature 14 (1876): 448–9].
Author: | James Murdoch (James) Geikie |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 20 Nov 1876 |
Classmark: | DAR 165: 29 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10460 |
To Eugène Dupuy 21 July 1878
Summary
Considers Brown-Séquard’s discovery of inheritance of injury to nerves most important hereditary observation ever. Extremely interested in correspondent’s confirmation. Impressed that in reported cases of inherited injury suppuration tends to follow the injury.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Pierre Louis Eugène (Eugène) Dupuy |
Date: | 21 July 1878 |
Classmark: | Ernst Mayr Library of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (bMs 7.10.3 (4)) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11622 |
To T. H. Farrer 8 October 1880
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Date: | 8 Oct 1880 |
Classmark: | Linnean Society of London (LS Ms 299/35); DAR 185: 38 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12743 |
To Ernst Krause 25 March 1877
Summary
Thanks for EK’s book [Werden und Vergehen (1876)].
Regrets he cannot write for EK’s journal, but his son, Francis, may do so.
Suggests EK as editor urge on readers [of Kosmos] the investigation of the causes of variability; why, for instance, do wild Pampas cattle change colour when domesticated? Thinks experiments and observations on recently domesticated animals and cultivated plants would throw light on the subject.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause |
Date: | 25 Mar 1877 |
Classmark: | The Huntington Library (HM 36172) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10912 |
letter | (141) |
bibliography | (5) |
people | (4) |
Darwin, C. R. | (62) |
Müller, Fritz | (6) |
Darwin, Francis | (5) |
Darwin, W. E. | (5) |
Romanes, G. J. | (4) |
Darwin, C. R. | (75) |
Hooker, J. D. | (7) |
Gray, Asa | (6) |
Romanes, G. J. | (6) |
Carus, J. V. | (4) |
Darwin, C. R. | (137) |
Romanes, G. J. | (10) |
Hooker, J. D. | (9) |
Darwin, Francis | (8) |
Gray, Asa | (8) |
Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours
Summary
Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … no little discovery of mine ever gave me so much pleasure as the making out the …
Photograph album of German and Austrian scientists
Summary
The album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade, and contained 165 portraits of German and Austrian scientists. The work was lavishly produced and bound in blue velvet with metal embossing. Its ornate…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom , published on 10 November …
Suggested reading
Summary
Contemporary writing Anon., The English matron: A practical manual for young wives, (London, 1846). Anon., The English gentlewoman: A practical manual for young ladies on their entrance to society, (Third edition, London, 1846). Becker, L. E.…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Contemporary writing Anon., The English matron : A practical manual for …
Language: key letters
Summary
How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The origin of language was investigated in a wide range of disciplines in the nineteenth century. …
Charles Harrison Blackley
Summary
You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…
Matches: 1 hits
- … You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 …
German poems presented to Darwin
Summary
Experiments in deepest reverence The following poems were enclosed with a photograph album sent as a birthday gift to Charles Darwin by his German and Austrian admirers (see letter from From Emil Rade, [before 16] February 1877). The poems were…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Experiments in deepest reverence The following poems were enclosed with a …
Darwin on race and gender
Summary
Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In …
Movement in Plants
Summary
The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The power of movement in plants , published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical …
Darwin in public and private
Summary
Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The following extracts and selected letters explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual …
Dipsacus and Drosera: Frank’s favourite carnivores
Summary
In Autumn of 1875, Francis Darwin was busy researching aggregation in the tentacles of Drosera rotundifolia (F. Darwin 1876). This phenomenon occurs when coloured particles within either protoplasm or the fluid in the cell vacuole (the cell sap) cluster…
Matches: 1 hits
- … By John Schaefer, Harvard University* Charles Darwin’s enthusiasm for carnivorous …
1.14 William Richmond, oil
Summary
< Back to Introduction William Blake Richmond’s portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, celebrated his honorary degree of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma mater for the presentation ceremony…
Matches: 1 hits
- … < Back to Introduction William Blake Richmond’s portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, …
Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad
Summary
At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…
Matches: 1 hits
- … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of …
Plant or animal? (Or: Don’t try this at home!)
Summary
Darwin is famous for showing that humans are just another animal, but, in his later years in particular, his real passion was something even more ambitious: to show that there are no hard-and-fast boundaries between animals and plants. In 1875 Darwin…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin is famous for showing that humans are just another animal, but, in his later years in …
Darwin as mentor
Summary
Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both …
Darwin on human evolution
Summary
'I hear that Ladies think it delightful reading, but that it does not do to talk about it, which no doubt promotes the sale.' For the first time online you can now read the full texts of nearly 800 letters Darwin wrote and received during 1871,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … I shall be well abused, for as my son Frank says: "you treat man in such a bare-faced manner." …
The origin of language
Summary
Darwin started thinking about the origin of language in the late 1830s. The subject formed part of his wide-ranging speculations about the transmutation of species. In his private notebooks, he reflected on the communicative powers of animals, their…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin started thinking about the origin of language in the late 1830s. The subject formed part of …
Forms of flowers
Summary
Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, published in 1877, investigated the structural differences in the sexual organs of flowers of the same species. It drew on and expanded five articles Darwin had published on the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species , published in 1877, …
Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots
Summary
Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…
Matches: 1 hits
- … There are summaries of all Darwin's letters from the year 1879 on this website. The full texts of …
Species and varieties
Summary
On the origin of species by means of natural selection …so begins the title of Darwin’s most famous book, and the reader would rightly assume that such a thing as ‘species’ must therefore exist and be subject to description. But the title continues, …or…
Matches: 1 hits
- … On the origin of species by means of natural selection …so begins the title of Darwin’s most …