To Alphonse de Candolle 10 October 1877
Summary
AdeC’s two letters on bloom will be very useful; his remarks on evaporation and absorption seem very just. CD has made few experiments as yet. The investigation has been tedious and difficult.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
| Date: | 10 Oct 1877 |
| Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11176 |
Matches: 7 hits
- … To Alphonse de Candolle 10 October 1877 …
- … Candolle (private collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Oct 1877 Alphonse de Candolle …
- … See letters from Alphonse de Candolle , 14 August 1877 and …
- … 8 October 1877 . Francis Darwin and CD were working …
- … together on bloom on plants; see letter to Fritz Müller, 14 May 1877 and n. 2. …
- … See letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 8 October 1877 . …
- … Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R. Oct 10. 1877 My dear Sir, I thank you cordially for …
From Alphonse de Candolle 8 October 1877
Summary
Speculates that the function of "bloom" is to prevent evaporation.
Raised CD’s question about the geographical distribution of glaucous plants at recent botanical meeting.
| Author: | Alphonse de Candolle |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 8 Oct 1877 |
| Classmark: | DAR 161: 23 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11173 |
Matches: 12 hits
- … From Alphonse de Candolle 8 October 1877 …
- … DAR 161: 23 Alphonse de Candolle Geneva 8 Oct 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … Bibliography Schnyder, Otto. 1877. Contributions à la connaissance de la flore Argentine. …
- … Genève 8 oct. 1877 Mon cher Monsieur, Je puis vous adresser quelques mots en addition à …
- … Geneva 8 Oct. 1877 My dear Sir, I can add a few words more to my letter of August on …
- … letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 14 August 1877 . CD was investigating the function of …
- … letter to Alphonse de Candolle, 3 August 1877 ). Anton de Bary was professor of botany at …
- … Society for Natural Sciences held in Bex from 20 to 22 August 1877 was noted in Société …
- … helvétique des sciences naturelles 60 (1877): 77–9. Otto Schnyder presented a paper on the …
- … helvétique des sciences naturelles 60 (1877): 79); it was published in Archives des …
- … d’histoire naturelle de Genève ( Schnyder 1877 ). CD’s question, and the responses from de …
- … Société helvétique des sciences naturelles 60 (1877): 79. Musa is the genus of bananas and …
To Alphonse de Candolle 3 August 1877
Summary
Will be interested in reading AdeC’s paper on Smilax. The transition from hermaphroditic to unisexual condition is a perplexing problem.
CD agrees that there is much justice in AdeC’s criticism of his use of the terms "object", "end", and "purpose" but thinks "those who believe that organs have been gradually modified by natural selection for a special purpose, may I think use the above terms correctly though no conscious being has intervened".
CD and Francis are hard at work on the function of "bloom" but CD doubts that the experiments will tell them much.
Does AdeC have a decided opinion on whether plants with glaucous leaves are more frequent in hot or dry than in cold or wet countries?
Francis has been getting "striking" results from feeding meat to Drosera.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
| Date: | 3 Aug 1877 |
| Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11092 |
Matches: 10 hits
- … To Alphonse de Candolle 3 August 1877 …
- … Candolle (private collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 3 Aug 1877 Alphonse de Candolle …
- … Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R. Aug 3. 1877 My dear Sir I must have the pleasure of …
- … See letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 31 July 1877 . …
- … In his letter of 31 July 1877 , Candolle had informed CD that he would send a copy of the …
- … see the letter to Fritz Müller, 14 May 1877 and n. 2. Casimir de Candolle had studied the …
- … common or round-leaved sundew) on 11 June 1877 (see F. Darwin 1878a , p. 21). In his …
- … eds. 1878–96, 1: 26–8 (see also letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 31 July 1877 and n. 3). …
- … letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 31 July 1877 . Francis Darwin sent Candolle a copy of …
- … on Francis’s research, see the letter to J. D. Hooker, 25 January [1877] and n. 6. For …
From Alphonse de Candolle January 1877
Summary
Introduces his son Casimir, who is visiting England.
| Author: | Alphonse de Candolle |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | Jan 1877 |
| Classmark: | DAR 161: 20 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10759 |
Matches: 6 hits
- … From Alphonse de Candolle January 1877 …
- … DAR 161: 20 Alphonse de Candolle Geneva Jan 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … n.s. 55: 400–31. Candolle, Casimir de. 1877. Observations sur l’enroulement des vrilles. …
- … Genève Janvier 1877. A Monsr Ch. Darwin Mon cher Monsieur permetter moi de recommander à …
- … and on climbing plants ( C. de Candolle 1877 ). See Correspondence vol. 24, letter from …
- … Geneva January 1877. To M r Ch. Darwin My dear Sir Allow me to recommend to your kindness …
From Alphonse de Candolle 14 August 1877
Summary
Thanks for Francis Darwin’s Dipsacus paper.
Dislikes the word "protoplasm", because improved microscopes will uncover more fundamental substances. Also "plasma" merely hides the ignorance of modern chemists.
Expects waxy, glaucous-leaved plants to be most frequent in dry temperate climates.
| Author: | Alphonse de Candolle |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 14 Aug 1877 |
| Classmark: | DAR 161: 22 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11106 |
Matches: 8 hits
- … From Alphonse de Candolle 14 August 1877 …
- … DAR 161: 22 Alphonse de Candolle Geneva 14 Aug 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … rotundifolia (common sundew; see letter to Alphonse de Candolle, 3 August 1877 and n. 6). …
- … Genève 14 aout 1877. Mon cher Monsieur Faites moi le plaisir de dire à Monsieur votre fils …
- … See letter to Alphonse de Candolle, 3 August 1877 and n. 4. Francis Darwin sent Candolle a …
- … Geneva 14 August 1877. My dear Sir Allow me the pleasure of telling your son that I read …
- … See letter to Alphonse de Candolle, 3 August 1877 and n. 5. Anton de Bary had published a …
- … in his letter to CD of [after 12 July 1877] . Leguminosae (a synonym of Fabaceae): the …
From Alphonse de Candolle 31 July 1877
Summary
Thanks for Forms of flowers.
In his Monographiae phanerogamarum [vol. 1 (1878)] he discusses transitional forms of dioecism in three genera of Smilax.
Criticises CD’s use of the words "purpose" and "end", but acknowledges that in English they can mean both cause and effect.
| Author: | Alphonse de Candolle |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 31 July 1877 |
| Classmark: | DAR 161: 21 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11084 |
Matches: 8 hits
- … From Alphonse de Candolle 31 July 1877 …
- … DAR 161: 21 Alphonse de Candolle Geneva 31 July 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Spiers, Alexander. 1869. Dictionnaire …
- … Alphonse de Candolle, January 1877 ); it is not known when he met CD. Federico Delpino …
- … Genève 31 Juillet 1877. Mon cher Monsieur Je vous remercie extremement de votre volume sur …
- … Geneva 31 July 1877. My dear Sir Thank you very much for your book on the Forms of …
- … W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [before 17 January 1877] and n. 3) had affected the whole plant, not …
- … in secret (Italian). Casimir de Candolle was in England in January 1877 (see letter from …
| letter | (6) |
| Candolle, Alphonse de | (4) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (2) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (4) |
| Candolle, Alphonse de | (2) |
Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours
Summary
Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…
Matches: 28 hits
- … , Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and …
- … from a family that the Darwins had befriended. The year 1877 was more than usually full of honours. …
- … of a very heavy shower’, William wrote on 24 August 1877 . ‘The leaves were not at all depressed; …
- … gardeners ( letter from W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 25 August 1877 ). At Down House, Darwin and …
- … a delicate twig’ ( letter to R. I. Lynch, 14 September 1877 ). Research on movement would continue …
- … of some Infusoria’ ( letter from F. J. Cohn, 5 August 1877 ). Francis’s paper eventually appeared …
- … wrote to the editor, George Croom Robertson, on 27 April 1877 , ‘I hope that you will be so good …
- … had written to the editor Ernst Ludwig Krause on 30 June 1877 , ‘I have been much interested by …
- … the German debate (letters to W. E. Gladstone, 2 October 1877 and 25 October [1877] ). …
- … and lively’ ( letter from W. E. Gladstone, 23 October 1877 ). Gifts of German and Dutch …
- … Darwin and Ernst Haeckel). Writing to Darwin on 11 March 1877 , Krause declared the journal ‘an …
- … the director, Adriaan Anthoni van Bemmelen, on 12 February 1877 : ‘I suppose that every worker at …
- … of his 70th year. Darwin was in fact 68 on 12 February 1877. Distinguished guests and …
- … & smooth as butter’ ( letter to C. E. Norton, 16 March 1877 ). Hooker was asked repeatedly by …
- … & me to dejeuner!!!’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 14 June 1877 ). Darwin was staying in …
- … centuries to come’ ( letter from C. C. Graham, 30 January 1877 ). Graham then gave a lengthy …
- … man and of societies’ ( letter from Marcellin de Bonnal, [1877] ). A similar complaint came from …
- … by a duke!’ ( letter to J. M. Rodwell, 3 June 1877 ). Back home, he learned from his brother that …
- … order of the day’ ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 27 January [1877] ). Carlyle’s remarks were …
- … . In a letter from an unknown correspondent on 13 June 1877 , he was criticised for having quoted …
- … monstrosity ( letter from C. T. E. Siebold, 10 October 1877 ). An American banker, William Burrows …
- … back our civilization’ ( letter from W. B. Bowles, 17 May 1877 ). Bowles proposed that such …
- … of humanity beneath’ ( letter from W. B. Bowles, 18 May 1877 ). More transitional human …
- … inflexible tails ( letter from Arthur Mellersh, 1 January 1877 ). The American physician Jesse …
- … (Trollope 1867; letter to G. J. Romanes, [1 and 2 December 1877] ). Dispute and …
- … George and Francis. He wrote to Francis on 24 September 1877 about his forthcoming work, Life …
- … value’, he confessed in a letter of 25 November 1877 that the book had ‘resolved itself into a …
- … physical’ ( letter from W. M. Moorsom, 10 September 1877 ). Darwin was doubtful of the elephant …
1877 letters now online
Summary
Flowers, bloom, a son married . . . and a suspended monkey in Cambridge at Darwin's honorary LLD ceremony. The transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters written to and from Darwin in 1877 are now online. Read more about Darwin's life in 1877…
Matches: 1 hits
- … of over 600 letters written to and from Darwin in 1877 are now online. Read more about Darwin& …
Photograph album of German and Austrian scientists
Summary
The album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade, and contained 165 portraits of German and Austrian scientists. The work was lavishly produced and bound in blue velvet with metal embossing. Its ornate…
Matches: 7 hits
- … album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade …
- … have ever received ( Letter to Ernst Haeckel, 16 February 1877 ) …
- … the start of his 70th year, but Darwin was only 68 in 1877. Despite this oversight, the album …
- … world.— ( Letter from Leonard Blomefield, 12 March 1877 ) Familiar faces Ernst …
- … with the final album. He wrote to Darwin on 9 February 1877 : ‘what will perhaps astonish you is …
- … worth to give you ( Letter from J. V. Carus, 22 March 1877 ) The professor of …
- … scientific work. ( Letter from C. G. Semper, 26 April 1877 ) Carl Kraus, an …
4.25 'Punch' 1877 re. Cambridge doctorate
Summary
< Back to Introduction Punch often ridiculed Darwin by showing him as a monkey or in other animalistic forms, but in 1877, when he at last received an honorary degree from Cambridge University, it paid its tribute to ‘wisdom’. ‘Punch to Dr. Darwin’…
Matches: 3 hits
Photograph album of Dutch admirers
Summary
Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…
Matches: 5 hits
- … the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the …
- … lasting pleasure. ( Letter to Pieter Harting, 19 March 1877 ) Harting had also written …
- … it states his ‘69th Birthday’, when in fact he was 68 in 1877. It was arranged in alphabetical order …
- … from A. A. van Bemmelen and H. J. Veth, 6 February 1877 ) Dutch correspondents …
- … ( Letter from C. W. Thomson, 30 June 1877 ) Much earlier, in 1861, Tiberius Cornelis …
German and Dutch photograph albums
Summary
Darwin Day 2018: To celebrate Darwin's 209th birthday, we present two lavishly produced albums of portrait photographs which Darwin received from continental admirers 141 years ago. These unusual gifts from Germany and the Netherlands are made…
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 6 hits
- … of plants.’ ( From Friedrich Hildebrand, 18 January 1877 ). Hermann Müller enthused that Darwin’s …
- … my book’ ( To Gardeners’ Chronicle , 19 February [1877] ). In contrast, as Hooker told Darwin, …
- … gloats over it' ( From J. D. Hooker, 27 January 1877 ). Darwin was especially pleased with …
- … have quite eviscerated it’ ( To Asa Gray, 18 February [1877] ). By mid-March 1877, the edition was …
- … index a little altered’ ( To R. F. Cooke, 11 December [1877] ). These changes were necessitated by …
- … wheat that he had studied ( From A. W. Rimpau, 10 December 1877 ). By the end of February 1878, …
Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters
Summary
On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…
Matches: 1 hits
- … tiredness of the later years (e.g. letter to E.M. Dicey, [1877] ). Working …
Language: key letters
Summary
How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 11074: Sayce, A. H. to Darwin, C. R., 27 July 1877 Darwin’s study of human nature …
Diagrams and drawings in letters
Summary
Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … activity at the site of a Roman villa, 15 November 1877 W. T. Thiselton-Dyer's …
Have you read the one about....
Summary
... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.
Matches: 1 hits
- … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …
Charles Harrison Blackley
Summary
You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…
Matches: 1 hits
- … grains by a dilution method. In his letter of 9 March 1877 , Darwin wrote: ‘Your calculation of …
People featured in the Dutch photograph album
Summary
List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…
German poems presented to Darwin
Summary
Experiments in deepest reverence The following poems were enclosed with a photograph album sent as a birthday gift to Charles Darwin by his German and Austrian admirers (see letter from From Emil Rade, [before 16] February 1877). The poems were…
Matches: 6 hits
- … (see letter from From Emil Rade , [before 16] February 1877). The poems were composed by …
- … in Rade’s account of the making of the album (Rade 1877, pp. 39–40), but the others were published …
- … Letter from Emil Rade 1 [before 16] February 1877 2 Münster i./Westf. …
- … From Emil Rade [before 16] February 1877 2 Münster i./Westf. February 1877. …
- … this letter and the letter to Emil Rade, 16 February 1877. 3. The gift was a photograph …
- … Appendix VI. A number of other poems were included in Rade 1877. …
Darwin on race and gender
Summary
Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Treat, 5 January 1872 Letter to [E. M. Dicey?], [1877] Letter to C. A. Kennard …
Darwin in public and private
Summary
Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…
Exercise: Caricatures of Science
Summary
Caricatures provide intriguing insights into both ideals and transgressions of gender. The following six images show caricatured representations of nineteenth-century men and women of science. They provide insight into the boundaries of what was deemed …
Matches: 1 hits
- … Lydia Becker (1877) Caricature of Lydia Becker from …
Movement in Plants
Summary
The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…
Floral Dimorphism
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a series of smaller studies on botanical subjects. Titled The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, it consisted primarily of…
Matches: 5 hits
- … | Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a …
- … findings on floral dimorphism were eventually published in 1877, but these experiments and …
- … SOURCES Book Darwin, C. R. 1877. The different forms of flowers on plants of the …
- … experiment, the class read chapter 1 of Charles Darwin’s 1877 T he Different Forms of …
- … Flowers on Plants of the Same Species (London: John Murray, 1877), 16. [2] Ibid., 30. …
1.14 William Richmond, oil
Summary
< Back to Introduction William Blake Richmond’s portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, celebrated his honorary degree of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma mater for the presentation ceremony…
