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From Octavius Pickard-Cambridge   17 February 1874

Summary

Criticises sexual selection theory. Supports natural selection.

Gives CD references on proportion of sexes in spiders.

Author:  Octavius Pickard-Cambridge
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Feb 1874
Classmark:  DAR 161: 7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9299

Matches: 7 hits

  • … during mating, in O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871 , p.  619. Crochet : hook (French). See, for …
  • … Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. ODNB : Oxford dictionary of national biography: …
  • … 2d ser. 3: 1240–2. Pickard-Cambridge, Octavius. 1871. Notes on some Arachnida collected by …
  • … Esq. , M.D. , during rambles in the China Sea, &c. [Read 20 June 1871. ] Proceedings …
  • … of the Zoological Society of London (1871): 617–22. …
  • … two species) in “Proceed gs . Zool: Soc y 1871.  pp.  620–21.  pl.  49”, in a paper on “ …
  • … 1868 . CD quoted from O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871  in Descent 2d ed. , p.  273. Cuthbert …

From J. V. Carus   19 January 1874

Summary

A new German edition of Descent is planned. Would like to work on proofs before leaving for lectures at Edinburgh.

Author:  Julius Victor Carus
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 Jan 1874
Classmark:  DAR 161: 92
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9248

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Engelmann. Carus, Julius Victor, trans. 1871–2. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die …
  • … Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. ODNB : Oxford dictionary of national biography: …
  • … already published two German editions of Descent ( Carus trans.  1871  and Carus trans.   …
  • 1871–2 ). The latter had been translated from later printings of the first English …
  • … E. Koch). Carus, Julius Victor, trans. 1871. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die …

From J. D. Hooker   24 March 1874

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Summary

"Half an answer" to CD’s query on visit of Sphinx to Hedychium gardnerianum.

Business affairs and family ill health keep him busy.

G. J. Allman will succeed Bentham as President of Linnean Society. Busk has refused.

Huxley is well.

JDH has indoctrinated Sir Stafford Northcote with his merits.

Lyell frail.

Old J. E. Gray goes on publishing.

"Is not [Thomas] Belt splendid!"

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  24 Mar 1874
Classmark:  DAR 103: 195–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9371

Matches: 7 hits

  • … Joseph. Carpenter, William Benjamin. 1871. On the Gibraltar current, the Gulf Stream, …
  • … general oceanic circulation. [Read 9 January 1871. ] Proceedings of the Royal Geographical …
  • … months of August, September, and October, 1871, in H.M. Surveying ship ‘ Shearwater’. [ …
  • … of the Royal Society of London 20 (1871–2): 535–644. Carpenter, William Benjamin. 1874. …
  • … 40 (October 1870): 233–59; 42 (October 1871): 241–80; 47 (February 1874): 94–122, (March …
  • … In an earlier section of the paper (October 1871), Croll had criticised William Benjamin …
  • … general oceanic circulation ( Carpenter 1871 ). Carpenter had responded in a report on the …

From D. T. Gardner   13 August 1874

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Summary

The Club is proposing to celebrate Humboldt’s 105th birthday and would welcome a message from CD.

Author:  Daniel T. Gardner
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Aug 1874
Classmark:  DAR 97: C75
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9600

Matches: 3 hits

  • … member of the New York Liberal Club in 1871 (see Correspondence vol.  19, letter from C.   …
  • … L.  Balch, [after 15 April 1871] ). See also letter to D.  T.  Gardner, [ c. 27 August …
  • … 14th, 1869, Incorporated, April 27th, 1871, Stated meetings Every Friday at 8 p.m. , No.   …

To G. H. Darwin   30 January [1874?]

Summary

Returns and sends comments on Clarke Hawkshaw’s essay ‘The persistence of forms of life in the depths of the sea’.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  30 Jan [1874?]
Classmark:  DAR 185: 152
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7466F

Matches: 9 hits

  • … there is a second note: ‘Written Jan y 1871 | sent to G Darwin | See his fathers letter to …
  • … Hawkshaw probably intended 1874 rather than 1871. Hawkshaw’s essay was not published. See, …
  • … Thomson 1873a , pp. 502–11. See Origin , pp. 338–41. See Prestwich 1871 , pp. xlvii–lxxv. …
  • … i.e. the Cretaceous period; see Prestwich 1871 , p. lvi. Foraminifera are single-celled …
  • … Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Prestwich, Joseph. 1871. Anniversary address of the …
  • … president. [Read 17 February 1871. ] Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London …
  • … mud in his presidential address to the Geological Society of London on 17 February 1871 ( …
  • … Prestwich 1871 , p. lxxi). See C. W. Thomson 1873b , pp. 52 and 266, and C. W. Thomson …
  • … Address to the Geological Society in 1871 M r Prestwich gave a very complete summary of …

To Fritz Müller   1 January 1874

Summary

Thanks for two pamphlets.

Sends Thomas Belt’s [The naturalist in Nicaragua (1874)], "the best Nat. Hist. book of travels ever published".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  1 Jan 1874
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 36)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9223

Matches: 5 hits

  • … experiments on Abutilon species; F.  Müller 1871–3 ), and the first part of ‘Beiträge zur …
  • … 1869 ( Correspondence vol.  17). In F.  Müller 1871–3 , pp.  29–30, Müller criticised Karl …
  • … Jenaische Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaft 7 (1871–3): 333–58, 451–63; 9 (1875): 241–64. …
  • … Garland Publishing. 1990. Müller, Fritz. 1871–3. Bestaubungsversuche an Abutilon-Arten. …
  • … of flowers , pp.  310–45. In F.  Müller 1871–3 , p.  450, Müller noted that Gärtner’s …

From Ferdinand von Mueller   16 June 1874

Summary

Wants information from CD for a revision of the supplement of his work on timber trees and other industrial plants [Proc. Zool. & Acclim. Soc. Victoria 3 (1874): 47–95].

Reports the ruin of his department thanks to two papers by Edward Wilson, McKinnon, and Sparrow.

Author:  Ferdinand Jakob Heinrich (Ferdinand) von Mueller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 June 1874
Classmark:  DAR 171: 283
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9494

Matches: 6 hits

  • … currant; Mueller 1872 , pp.  369–70). In 1871, Mueller had produced a similar report …
  • … on timber trees for the society ( Mueller 1871 ). Ribes magellanicum (Magellanic currant) …
  • … Chicago Press. Mueller, Ferdinand von. 1871. The principal timber trees readily eligible …
  • … of the Acclimatisation Society of Victoria (1871): 29–58. Mueller, Ferdinand von. 1872. …
  • … von Mueller’s correspondence with Kew, 1871–81. Victorian Historical Journal 48: 312–20. …
  • … by horticulturists and nurserymen. In December 1871, when a Board of Inquiry produced a …

To Hermanus Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen   18 February 1874

Summary

Thanks for HHHvZ’s translation of Expression. CD will have HHHvZ’s notes translated by one of his sons.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Hermanus Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen
Date:  18 Feb 1874
Classmark:  DAR 249: 120
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9321

Matches: 3 hits

  • … from Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen, 7 April 1871. Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen had translated …
  • … into Dutch (Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen trans.  1871–2). The second edition of Descent was …
  • … Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. Expression : The expression of the emotions in …

To Albert Günther   25 February 1874

Summary

Has given in Descent 2: 12, an account from AG of the brushes on the sides of Monacanthus; has now learned of brush-like scales on the males of Mallotus. Asks whether the two genera are related.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Albrecht Carl Ludwig Gotthilf (Albert) Günther
Date:  25 Feb 1874
Classmark:  Shrewsbury School, Taylor Library (38)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9315

Matches: 3 hits

  • … and selection in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. …
  • … seen an acct in the American Naturalist (1871 p.  119) of the brush-like scales with which …
  • … capelin’, appeared in American Naturalist 5 (1871): 119–20. It is scored in CD’s copy in …

From John Phillips   14 March 1874

Summary

Will be out of town, so he cannot vote for Henry Parker.

CD ought to come to see his Cetiosaurus, of which he draws a likeness.

Author:  John Phillips
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Mar 1874
Classmark:  DAR 174: 42
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9360

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Bibliography Phillips, John. 1871. Geology of Oxford and the valley of the Thames. Oxford: …
  • … that he named Cetiosaurus oxoniensis in 1871; C.  oxoniensis showed affinities to both …
  • … giant reptiles Megalosaurus . ( Phillips 1871 , p.  291, where it appears as Ceteosaurus …

To J. W. Spengel   27 November [1874]

Summary

Thanks for JWS’s updatings to his Darwinian bibliography and regrets he is a poor German scholar.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Wilhelm Spengel
Date:  27 Nov [1874]
Classmark:  Sächsische Landesbibliothek (SLUB) (Mscr. Dresd. s 762)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8650F

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Library–CUL. See also Correspondence vol. 19, letters from J. W. Spengel, 10 May 1871 and …
  • … 4 November 1871 . …

From J. F. McLennan   5 May 1874

Summary

Would like to see C. S. Wake’s paper ["Marriage among primitive peoples", Anthropologia 1 (1873–5): 197–207].

Will return L. H. Morgan’s work [? Systems of consanguinity (1871)].

Murray suggests Macmillan’s are more likely to reprint JFMcL’s Primitive marriage.

Author:  John Ferguson McLennan
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 May 1874
Classmark:  DAR 171: 20
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9442

Matches: 3 hits

  • … H. Morgan’s work [? Systems of consanguinity (1871)]. Murray suggests Macmillan’s are more …
  • … Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. McLennan, John Ferguson. 1865. Primitive …
  • … letter from J.  F.  McLennan, 21 August 1871 ). The first edition of McLennan 1865  was …

From R. F. Cooke   7 February 1874

Summary

Asks CD’s help in finding original woodcuts for "Voyage of a naturalist" [Journal of researches] for Reinwald.

Author:  Robert Francis Cooke; John Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  7 Feb 1874
Classmark:  DAR 171: 438
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9271

Matches: 2 hits

  • … own election (see Correspondence vol.  19, letter from John Murray, 20 February [1871] ). …
  • … to R.  F.  Cooke, 10 April [1874] ). In 1871, John Murray had asked CD to support Cooke’s …

From Leonard Darwin to Emma Darwin   [after 26 June – 28 September 1874]

Summary

Describes voyage to New Zealand.

Author:  Leonard Darwin
Addressee:  Emma Wedgwood; Emma Darwin
Date:  [after 26 June – 28 Sept 1874]
Classmark:  DAR 239.1: 2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9517F

Matches: 6 hits

  • … 19, letter to Asa Gray, 16 July [1871] ). …
  • … 331 immigrants on board the Merope . Between 1871 and 1874, the central government of New …
  • … 1). George and Francis Darwin had travelled in America in 1871 (see Correspondence vol.   …
  • … of Asian Studies 33: 173–8. Mill, John Stuart. 1871. Principles of political economy: with …
  • … economy ; the first edition had appeared in 1848, and the seventh was published in 1871 ( …
  • … Mill 1871 ). The comic writer Edward Lear first used the neologism ‘scroobious’ in a …

From Asa Gray   12 May 1874

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Summary

Encloses letter and sketch from O. N. Rood on pointed ears.

Reports observations on Sarracenia variolaris. A correspondent finds that the fluid in the pitchers is anaesthetic and that a sweet trail runs down the plant, nearly to the ground, to lure up ants.

Encloses two articles on insectivorous plants [Nation 18 (1874): 216–17, 232–4].

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 May 1874
Classmark:  DAR 165: 184
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9455

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. Mellichamp, Joseph Hinson. 1874. Notes …
  • … of Science (1874) pt B: 113–33. Thomson, William. 1871. Presidential address. Report of …
  • … British Association for the Advancement of Science, held at Edinburgh (1871): lxxxiv–cv. …
  • … responsible for life on earth ( W. Thomson 1871 , pp.  civ–cv). CD discussed vestigial …

To Leonard Rudd   18 April [1874]

Summary

Discusses LR’s communication concerning supernumerary mammae.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Leonard Rudd
Date:  18 Apr [1874]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.441)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9416

Matches: 2 hits

  • … vol.  19, letter from James Crichton-Browne, 19 February 1871 , and letter from R.   …
  • … H.  Tiddeman, 23 March 1871 . CD also mentioned additional cases in Descent 2d ed. , p.   …

From J. V. Carus   15 March 1874

Summary

Proposal to collect all of CD’s works in a German edition. Asks CD’s opinion and suggests an outline of volumes.

Lists German sales of various volumes.

Author:  Julius Victor Carus
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 Mar 1874
Classmark:  DAR 161: 93
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9363

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Bronn and Carus trans.  1872 (editions of Origin ); Carus trans.  1871 and Carus trans.   …
  • 1871–2 (editions of Descent ); Carus trans.  1868 and Carus trans.  1873 (editions of …
  • … Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. Expression : The expression of the emotions in …

From Hermann Müller   15 February 1874

Summary

Feels CD’s and Fritz Müller’s judgments on his "Anwendung" essay [see 8313] are of highest value. Mentions some of FM’s comments.

Looks forward to second English edition of Descent.

Author:  Heinrich Ludwig Hermann (Hermann) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 Feb 1874
Classmark:  DAR 171: 303
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9293

Matches: 3 hits

  • … and selection in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. …
  • … 1874; the German translation of the first edition first appeared in 1871 (Carus trans.   …
  • 1871). The drawing is reproduced at 75 per cent of its original size. …

To H. W. Bates   6 February 1874

Summary

Orders five works on the Sandwich Islands from the Royal Geographical Society Library for his investigation of infanticide and population trends there.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Henry Walter Bates
Date:  6 Feb 1874
Classmark:  Royal Geographical Society
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9267

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Royal Geographical Society ( G. M. Evans 1871 ), which included Ellis 1853 ( Polynesian …
  • … By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. Ellis, William. 1826. Narrative of a …
  • … London: Henry G. Bohn. Evans, Godfrey M. 1871. Classified catalogue of the library of the …

To Albert Günther   [c. 2 March 1874]

Summary

Encloses a circular [9384?] to explain the predicament he is in. Asks whether AG can get anyone at the British Museum, other than Owen, to join J. E. Gray in signing.

Believes the account of the Mallotus in American Naturalist [5 (1871): 119] is trustworthy.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Albrecht Carl Ludwig Gotthilf (Albert) Günther
Date:  [c. 2 Mar 1874]
Classmark:  Shrewsbury School, Taylor Library (39)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9383

Matches: 2 hits

  • … and selection in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1871. …
  • … the account of the Mallotus in American Naturalist [5 (1871): 119] is trustworthy. …
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Darwin in letters, 1871: An emptying nest

Summary

The year 1871 was an extremely busy and productive one for Darwin, with the publication in February of his long-awaited book on human evolution, Descent of man. The other main preoccupation of the year was the preparation of his manuscript on expression.…

Matches: 30 hits

  • … The year 1871 was an extremely busy and productive one for Darwin, seeing the …
  • … promotes the sale’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 26 March 1871 ). The profits for Darwin were …
  • … first two printings, Darwin wrote to Murray on 20 March 1871 , ‘It is quite a grand trade to be a …
  • … in memory of the book’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, 20 March 1871 ). Reaction …
  • … to read it ( letter from James Crichton-Browne, 19 February 1871 ). The African explorer and …
  • … pleasant or not’ (letter from W. W. Reade, 21 February 1871). The geologist William Boyd Dawkins …
  • … to buy them’ ( letter from W. B. Dawkins, 23 February 1871 ). Thomas Henry Huxley marvelled that …
  • … tide-marks!’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 20 February 1871 ). Asa Gray remarked, somewhat …
  • … and pointed ears”  (letter from Asa Gray, 14 April 1871) Like his previous book,  …
  • … arms and legs ( letter from C. L. Bernays, 25 February 1871 ). Samples of hair arrived from …
  • … his head ( letter from W. B. Tegetmeier, [before 25 April 1871] )). Hinrich Nitsche, ‘the lucky …
  • … orang-utan foetus ( letter from Hinrich Nitsche, 18 April 1871 ). Darwin thought he might use the …
  • … poor return’ ( letter to Hinrich Nitsche, 25 April [1871] ). Animal anecdotes appeared in …
  • … space each morning ( letter from Arthur Nicols, 7 March 1871 ; letter from B. J. Sulivan, 11 …
  • … of beauty ( letter from E. J. Pfeiffer, [before 26 April 1871] ). Roland Trimen, a long-time …
  • … in the past ( letter from Roland Trimen, 17 and 18 April 1871 ). Candid disagreement …
  • … were raised to a high pitch, as Innes wrote on 26 May 1871 about the darker races arising …
  • … as far as this goes’ ( letter to J. B. Innes, 29 May [1871] ). On religion and morality …
  • … Creator made it’ ( letter from George Morrish, 18 March 1871 ). Darwin received an anonymous …
  • … Descent  ( letter from a child of God, [after 24 February 1871] ). Yet some continued to …
  • … religious feeling’ ( letter from F. E. Abbot, 20 August 1871 ). The Anglican clergyman and …
  • … brethren’ ( letter from George Henslow, 5 December 1871 ). Ernst Haeckel boasted of his month …
  • … monkey !’ ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 21 December 1871 ). Descent  was extensively …
  • … independent of all times and all circumstances’ (8 April 1871, p. 5). Darwin condemned the author of …
  • … & classics’ ( letter to John Murray, 13 April [1871] ). But a similar point was made by …
  • … the killing of some members of a hive a duty (Cobbe 1871, pp. 174, 188–9). Darwin was particularly …
  • … by culture, not biology ( letter from John Morley, 30 March 1871 ). Reaction at home …
  • … its master. ( Letter from Hensleigh Wedgwood, [3–9 March 1871] .) Some of Darwin’s …
  • … to me’ ( letter to Hensleigh Wedgwood, 9 March 1871 ). A widening rift By far the …
  • … 1871a), which appeared just prior to  Descent  in early 1871. ‘I daresay it will tell heavily …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 14 hits

  • … Blair, R.H. 11 July 1871 Worcester College for the …
  • … Brooke, C.A.J. 30 April 1871 Sarawak, Borneo …
  • … Chaumont, F.S.B.F. de 11 March 1871 Woolston, …
  • … Crichton-Browne, James 3 April 1871 West Riding …
  • … Donders, F.C. 28 March 1871 Utrecht, Netherlands …
  • … Foster, Michael 4 June [1871] Trinity College, …
  • … Gray, Asa 14 April 1871 Cambridge, Massachusetts, …
  • … Gray, Asa 10 & 14 March [1871] Cambridge, …
  • … Mivart, G.J. 26 Jan 1871 North Bank, London, England …
  • … Reade, Winwood W. 1 Feb 1871 11 St Mary Abbot's …
  • … Rejlander, O.G. [1871] Victoria Street, London, …
  • … Smith, Andrew 1 Feb. 1871 11 Saint Mary Abbot's …
  • … Smith, Andrew 17 April 1871 16 Alexander Square, …
  • … Swinhoe, Robert 14 March 1871 33 Oakley Square, …

Frank Chance

Summary

The Darwin archive not only contains letters, manuscript material, photographs, books and articles but also all sorts of small, dry specimens, mostly enclosed with letters. Many of these enclosures have become separated from the letters or lost altogether,…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … first is undated but we know it was written before 25 April 1871 because Darwin alluded to a case …
  • … report by the pigeon-fancier W. B. Tegetmeier, 25 April [1871] . In his letter Chance is …
  • … (Letter from Frank Chance, [before 25 April 1871] ) Responding to this meticulous self …
  • … were very rare. When we were editing volume 19 (1871), Chance’s enclosure of beard and …
  • … : In your work on the ""Descent of Man"" (ed. 1871) ii. 298, 299, in …
  • … followed up on a similar case that CD had observed on 13 May 1871. William’s letter of 5 June 1871

4.17 'Figaro', unidentifiable 1871

Summary

< Back to Introduction Yet another portrayal of Darwin as a tree-dwelling ape was published in The Figaro in October 1871, and titled ‘A Darwinian hypothesis’. The image survives in a torn page in the Darwin archive, but it has so far proved…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … tree-dwelling ape was published in The Figaro in October 1871, and titled ‘A Darwinian …
  • … date of creation October 1871 
 computer-readable date 1871-10-01 to 1871-10-27 
 …

Darwin’s favourite photographer: From O. G. Rejlander, 30 April 1871

Summary

In the 1860s Darwin began collecting photographs of emotional expression. They seemed to capture fleeting movements of the face, and allowed him to observe with more detachment. But the technology was still new. Even under the best conditions, exposure…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … In the 1860s Darwin began collecting photographs of emotional expression. They seemed to capture …

Animals, ethics, and the progress of science

Summary

Darwin’s view on the kinship between humans and animals had important ethical implications. In Descent, he argued that some animals exhibited moral behaviour and had evolved mental powers analogous to conscience. He gave examples of cooperation, even…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … sleep to-night’ ( letter to E. R. Lankester, 22 March [1871] ). In Descent , Darwin described …
  • … perseverance’ ( letter to Nature , [before 27 April 1871] ). When Galton could no longer look …
  • … ‘Siamesing’ ( letter from Francis Galton, 13 September 1871 ). Several years later, proof …

Henrietta Emma Darwin

Summary

Henrietta “Etty” Darwin (1843–1927) was the eldest of Charles Darwin’s daughters to reach adulthood. She married Richard Buckley Litchfield in 1871. She was a valued editor to her father as well as companion and correspondent to both of her parents.…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … reach adulthood. She married Richard Buckley Litchfield in 1871. She was a valued editor to her …
  • … by her father for his scientific writing, particularly his 1871 work,   The Descent of Man .  In …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … of self-fertilisation’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 23 July [1871] ). Darwin also informed Müller of this …
  • … in his hothouse ( To Fritz Müller, 2 August [1871] ). By late 1871, Darwin was already …
  • … generations’ ( To Federico Delpino, 22 November 1871 ). Delpino replied that he looked forward to …
  • … and horticulture ( From Federico Delpino, 5 December 1871 ). When Darwin began writing in February …

Darwin and the Church

Summary

The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … [1850] and n. 6; and letter to J. B. Innes, 29 May [1871] ). Their true friendship does …
  • … request favourably—’ (letter from J. B. Innes, 26 May 1871 ). Indeed Innes had such a high …
  • … school and organ funds (letter to J. B. Innes, 13 January 1871 ). Down’s next clergyman …
  • … very dull sermons’ (letter to J. B. Innes, 18 January [1871] ). Mr Powell was happy to take up …
  • … qualifications’ (letter from J. B. Innes, 5 June 1871 ). Particularly in the early days of …

Moral Nature

Summary

In Descent of Man, Darwin argued that human morality had evolved from the social instincts of animals, especially the bonds of sympathy and love. Darwin gathered observations over many decades on animal behavior: the heroic sacrifices of social insects,…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … Letter 7048 : Darwin, W. E., to Darwin, C. R., [April? 1871] In Descent of man (1: 71 …
  • … Letter 7645 : Morley, John to Darwin, 30 March 1871 The politician and man of letters, …
  • … of Descent of Man in the Pall Mall Gazette (Morley 1871). Darwin admired the review, and …
  • … Letter 7685 : Darwin to Morley, John, 14 April [1871] "When I speak of intellectual …
  • … Letter 7691 , Morley, John, to Darwin, 17 April 1871 "I don't think Mr. Mill& …
  • … 7470 : Wedgwood, Hensleigh to Darwin, [before 3 March 1871] Darwin exchanged long letters …
  • … Letter 7537 : Darwin, C. R. to Wenslow, Hensleigh, 3 March [1871] Using the example of …
  • … 3. [ available at Darwinonline ] Cobbe, F. P. 1871. 'Darwinism in morals'. …

Strange things sent to Darwin in the post

Summary

Some of the stranger things Darwin received in the post can tell us a lot about how Darwin worked at home. In 1863, Darwin was very excited when the ornithologist Alfred Newton sent him a diseased, red-legged partridge foot with an enormous ball of clay…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … have germinated out of the dung ’.   In 1871, Darwin asked Ray Lankester to …
  • … enclosed with the letter from Hinrich Nitsche, 18 April 1871 (DAR 87: 46r) In Variation …

Darwin and vivisection

Summary

Darwin played an important role in the controversy over vivisection that broke out in late 1874. Public debate was sparked when the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals brought an unsuccessful prosecution against a French physiologist who…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … heart’ ( Correspondence vol. 19, letter to ?, 19 May [1871] ). As a magistrate in Down, he had …
  • … vol. 19, letter to E. R. Lankester, 22 March [1871] ). In the same year, Darwin had published …
  • … of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1871 that outlined principles for …

Experimenting with emotions

Summary

Darwin’s interest in emotions can be traced as far back as the Beagle voyage. He was fascinated by the sounds and gestures of the peoples of Tierra del Fuego. On his return, he started recording observations in a set of notebooks, later labelled '…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … on his behalf. The emotional specimen In 1871, Darwin contacted the German …
  • … round them’ ( letter to A. D. Kindermann, [27 March 1871] ). Darwin had begun collecting …
  • … relation” (letter from Michael Foster, 4 June [1871] ). Making experiments familiar …

Henrietta Darwin's diary

Summary

Darwin's daughter Henrietta kept a diary for a few momentous weeks in 1871. This was the year in which Descent of Man, the most controversial of her father's books after Origin itself, appeared, a book which she had helped him write. The small…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … wrote the following journal entries in March and July 1871 in a small lockable, leather-bound …
  • … by Henrietta herself. Darwin’s letters in 1870 and 1871 ( Correspondence , vols 18 and 19) …
  • … missions due to take place between 26 February and 5 March 1871 in four towns within the deanery of …
  • … from Charles and Emma Darwin to F. J. Wedgwood, [March 1871?], and letter from F. J. Wedgwood to H. …
  • … University Library. Henrietta Darwin | March 1871 1871 March— Sea Grove …
  • … away what they have no equivalent for. July 4th 1871. How hard it is to wait—the …
  • … I think I am a very happy woman. Sunday July 9 th . 1871 I want to think why I shd …
  • … mission leaders in the  Hampshire Advertiser , 21 January 1871, p. 7. 4 Probably John …

William Winwood Reade

Summary

On 19 May 1868, an African explorer and unsuccessful novelist, William Winwoode Reade (1838–1875) offered to help Darwin, and started a correspondence and, arguably, a collaboration, that would last until Reade's death. After a first 1861 tour of…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of it" – Winwood Reade to Charles Darwin, 31 January 1871 ) and sought Darwin’s advice on …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Letter 7624 - Bathoe, M . B. to Darwin, [25 March 1871] Mary Bathoe responds …
  • … Letter 7644 - Barnard, A. to Darwin, [30 March 1871] J. S. Henslow’s daughter, …
  • … 7651 - Wedgwood, F. J. to Darwin, H. E., [1 April 1871] Frances Wedgwood offers …
  • … 7411 - Pfeiffer, E. J. to Darwin, [before 26 April 1871] The poet Emily Pfeiffer …
  • … Letter 8055 - Hennell, S. S. to Darwin, [7 November 1871] Sarah Hennell writes to Darwin …

Francis Galton

Summary

Galton was a naturalist, statistician, and evolutionary theorist. He was a second cousin of Darwin’s, having descended from his grandfather, Erasmus. Born in Birmingham in 1822, Galton studied medicine at King’s College, London, and also read mathematics…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … his results tended to disprove Darwin’s theory (Galton 1871). This brought a quick rejoinder from …
  • … together to facilitate cross-circulation ( 13 September 1871 ). His views on inheritance continued …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of sexual differences in viviparous fish,  [before 1 June 1871] Fritz Müller's …

Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters

Summary

On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … politely worded rebuke to St G. J. Mivart ( 21 April [1871] ) for  the inadequacies, as Darwin saw …

Have you read the one about....

Summary

... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …
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