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Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 17 hits

… handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller, 22 February …
… Correspondence about Darwin’s Questionnaire (click on the letter dates to see the individual letters …
… Correspondent Letter date Location …
… Africa)? ] mentioned in JPM Weale letter, but Bowker's answers not found …
… Woolston, Southampton, England letter to W.E. Darwin shrugging …
… Square W London, England enclosed in a letter from Henry Maudsley …
… South Africa possibly included in letter from Mansel Weale …
… Peradeniya, Ceylon enclosed in letter from G.H.K. Thwaites …
… Gray, Asa 9 May [1869] [Alexandria, Egypt] …
… Gray, Jane 9 May [1869] [Alexandria, Egypt] …
… Lake Wellington, Australia letter to F.J.H. von Mueller nodding, …
… Abbey Place, London, England letter to Emma Darwin baby expression …
… Penmaenmawr, Conway, Wales letter to Emma Darwin infant daughter …
… Square W, London, England Enclosed letter from Dr. C. Browne …
… W., London, England enclosed in letter from W. W. Reade Hottentots …
… England (about Australia) encloses letter from Austrialian friend, letter not …
… forwarded by Smyth; Wilson sent letter to Ferdinand von Mueller Victoria Aborigines …

Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots

Summary

Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…

Matches: 26 hits

… his publishers, he warned that it was ‘dry as dust’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 9 September 1879 ). …
… turned out, alas, very dull & has disappointed me much’ ( letter to Francis Galton, 15 [June …
… home again’, he fretted, just days before his departure ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [after 26 …
… many blessings, was finding old age ‘a dismal time’ ( letter to Henry Johnson, 24 September 1879 ) …
… wrinkles one all over like a baked pear’ ( enclosure in letter from R. W. Dixon, 20 December 1879 …
… itself, or gone some other way round?’ At least the last letter of 1879 contained a warmer note and …
… office to complete Horace’s marriage settlement ( letter from W. M. Hacon, 31 December 1879 ). …
… but they were ‘as nice and good as could be’ ( letter from Karl Beger, [ c. 12 February 1879] ) …
… on your life’s work, which is crowned with glory’ ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 9 February 1879 ). …
… to wish Darwin a ‘long and serene evening of life’. This letter crossed with one from Darwin, …
… the statement ‘In the beginning was carbon’ ( letter from Hermann Müller, 14 February 1879 ). …
… as the ‘organ of “uncultivated materialism”’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, [after 2 June 1879 ]). …
… up the glory & would please Francis’, he pointed out ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 13 March [1879 …
… wholly & shamefully ignorant of my grandfathers life’ ( letter to Ernst Krause, 14 March 1879 …
… known philosopher and poet’ ( Correspondence vol. 1, letter from Francis Beaufort to Robert …
… these things with the when & the where, & the who—’ ( letter from V. H. Darwin, 28 May …
… paternal grandparents thought ‘perfect in every way’ ( letter from E. A. Wheler, 25 March 1879 ). …
… heard of him ‘constantly, & always with pride’ ( letter from Reginald Darwin, 29 March 1879 ). …
… essay might end up ‘interfering with each other’ ( letter to Ernst Krause, 27 March 1879 ). Darwin …
… made such an introduction ‘almost indispensable’ ( letter from Ernst Krause, 7 June 1879 ). Darwin …
… everything into ridicule. He hates scientific men’ ( letter to Ernst Krause, 14 May 1879 ). …
… must be ‘in some degree interesting to the public’ ( letter to Reginald Darwin, 10 April [1879] ). …
… ‘very tastefully and well, and with little fatigue’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 12 July 1879 , and …
… ‘more perplexed than ever about life of D r . D’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, 12 July [1879] ). …
… telling, and he regretted going beyond his ‘tether’ ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 5 June 1879 …
… (Emma Darwin to H. E. Litchfield, [27 August 1879] (DAR 219.9: 201)). Celebrity and honours …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 27 hits

… Observers Women: Letter 1194 - Darwin to Whitby, M. A. T., [12 August …
… silkworm breeds, or peculiarities in inheritance. Letter 3787 - Darwin, H. E. to …
… observations of cats’ instinctive behaviour. Letter 4258 - Becker, L. E. to Darwin, …
… to artificially fertilise plants in her garden. Letter 4523 - Wedgwood, L. C. to …
… be made on seeds of Pulmonaria officinalis . Letter 5745 - Barber, M. E. to …
… Expression from her home in South Africa. Letter 6736 - Gray, A. & J. L …
… Expression during a trip to Egypt. Letter 7223 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L. C., …
… expression of emotion in her pet dog and birds. Letter 5817 - Darwin to Huxley, T. …
… is making similar observations for him. Letter 6535 - Vaughan Williams , M. S. …
… of a crying baby to Darwin's daughter, Henrietta. Letter 7179 - Wedgwood, …
… briefly on her ongoing observations of wormholes. Letter 8611 - Cupples, A. J. …
… expression of emotion in dogs with Emma Darwin. Letter 8676 - Treat, M. to Darwin, …
… birds, insects or plants on Darwin’s behalf. Letter 8683 - Roberts, D. to …
… of an angry pig and her niece’s ears. Letter 8701 - Lubbock, E. F . to Darwin, …
… that she make observations of her pet cats. Letter 8989 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [28 …
… on her experiments with fly-catching Drosera . Letter 9426 - Story …
… without the birds attacking the buds and flowers. Letter 9616 - Marshall, T. to …
… and her father of plants and insects. Men: Letter 2221 - Blyth, E. to Darwin …
… specimens and bird observations from Calcutta. Letter 3634 - Darwin to Gray, A., [1 …
… “enthusiasm and indomitable patience”. Letter 4242 - Hildebrand, F. H. G. to Darwin …
… Letter 6453 - Langton, E. to Wedgwood, S. E., [9 November 1868] Darwin’s nephew, …
… 5756 - Langton, E. & C. to Wedgwood S. E., [after 9 November 1868] Darwin’s …
… she has “dug some more trenches”. Letter 9606 - Harrison, L. C. to Darwin, …
… which are carefully packed in a tin box. Letter 9616 - Marshall, T. to Darwin, …
… Letter 7433 - Wedgwood, F. to Darwin, [9 January 1871] Darwin’s brother-in-law, …
… experiments with fly-catching Drosera . Letter 9485 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [8 …
… Letter 8153 - Darwin to Darwin, W. E., [9 January 1872] Darwin thanks his son …

Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 28 hits

… in satisfying female preference in the mating process. In a letter to Alfred Russel Wallace in 1864, …
… of changing the races of man’ (Correspondence vol. 12, letter to A. R. Wallace, 28 [May 1864] ). …
… book would take the form of a ‘short essay’ on man ( letter to Ernst Haeckel, 3 July 1868 ). But …
… as well say, he would drink a little and not too much’ ( letter to Albert Günther, 15 May [1868] ) …
… Darwin asked Murray to intervene, complaining on 9 January , ‘M r . Dallas’ delay … is …
… would be a great loss to the Book’. But Darwin’s angry letter to Murray crossed one from Dallas to …
… of labour to remuneration I shall look rather blank’ ( letter from W. S. Dallas, 8 January 1868 ). …
… if I try to read a few pages feel fairly nauseated’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 February [1868] ). …
… reviews. On 7 August 1868 , he wrote him a lengthy letter from the Isle of Wight on the formation …
… would strike me in the face, but not behind my back’ ( letter to John Murray, 25 February [1868] ) …
… ignorant article… . It is a disgrace to the paper’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 24 February [1868] …
… ‘he is a scamp & I begin to think a veritable ass’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 1 September [1868] …
… wrote of the colour of duck claws on 17 April 1868 . The letter was addressed to ‘the Rev d C. …
… proved very fruitful. On 1 May , Darwin received a letter from George Cupples, who was encouraged …
… with the enthusiastic breeder, who apologised in a letter of 11–13 May 1868 for his ‘voluminuous …
… of science On 27 February , Darwin sent a letter of thanks to the naturalist and …
… he later added, ‘for it is clear that I have none’ ( letter to J. J. Weir, 30 May [1868] ). …
… to various classes, a dim ray of light may be gained’ ( letter to H. T. Stainton, 21 February [1868 …
… as well as of ‘victorious males getting wives’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 25 February [1868] ). …
… of females was remarked upon by other entomologists ( letter from Roland Trimen, 20 February 1868 …
… on the auditory organs of Orthoptera and Coleoptera on 9 September . Darwin annotated a letter …
… for as sure as life he wd find the odour sexual!’ ( letter to A . R. Wallace, 16 September [1868] …
… George Robert Crotch, writing to his mother Emma in a letter dated [after 16 October 1868] : ‘I …
… from the south of France to Sarah Elizabeth Wedgwood on 9 Novembe r, describing sphinx moths that …
… direct result of natural selection ( Variation 2: 185–9). Wallace seized upon this point in a …
… Katherine ( letter from C. M. Hawkshaw to Emma Darwin, 9 February [1868] ). Darwin’s eldest son, …
… from Fritz Müller, 22 April 1868 , 17 June 1868 , 9 September 1868 , and 31 October 1868 …
… A different order of pride was expressed on 9 November by Ernst Haeckel on the birth of his son …

Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers

Summary

In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…

Matches: 29 hits

… in Unconscious memory in November 1880 and in an abusive letter about Darwin in the St James’s …
… memory in Kosmos and sent Darwin a separate letter for publication in the Journal of Popular …
… publishers decided to print ‘500 more, making 2000’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January 1881 ) …
… the animal learnt from its own individual experience ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 7 March 1881 ). …
… whether observations of their behaviour were trustworthy ( letter to Francis Galton, 8 March [1881] …
… learn from experience, Darwin was wary, telling Romanes on 9 March , ‘I intend to have another …
… about the sale of books being ‘a game of chance’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 12 April 1881 ). On 18 …
… but I cannot endure to do this’, Darwin told Francis on 9 November , and writing to Fritz …
… for more suggestions of such plants, especially annuals ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 21 March …
… supposed he would feel ‘less sulky in a day or two’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 29 July 1881 ). The …
… dead a work falls at this late period of the season’ ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 30 July 1881 ). …
… conversation with you’, a Swedish teacher told him ( letter from C. E. Södling, 14 October 1881 ), …
… add, however little, to the general stock of knowledge’ ( letter to E. W. Bok, 10 May 1881 ). …
… regular ‘bread-winners’ ( Correspondence vol. 30, letter to C. A. Kennard, 9 January 1882 ). …
… any future publication & to acknowledge any criticism’ ( letter to C. G. Semper, 19 July 1881 …
… view of the nature & capabilities of the Fuegians’ ( letter to W. P. Snow, 22 November 1881 ). …
… the kindly protection of the high priests of science’ ( letter from Francisco de Arruda Furtado, 29 …
… Nature , which he thought ‘an excellent Journal’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 4 July [1881] ). In …
… minds, without being in the least conscious of it’ ( letter to Alexander Agassiz, 5 May 1881 ). …
… this produced about the year 1840(?) on all our minds’ ( letter to John Lubbock, [18 September 1881 …
… big one’ and had ‘gone much out’ of his mind ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 20 June [1881] ). Feeling …
… than for originality’, and telling Hooker, ‘Your long letter has stirred many pleasant memories of …
… poured in so atrocious a manner on all physiologists’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 18 April 1881 ). …
… George Jesse and Frances Power Cobbe. Jesse, in a private letter, stated that Darwin must not have …
… Royal Commission for the regulation of vivisection, and a letter from Cobbe in The Times made …
… Cobbe’s claims. To Darwin’s relief, a second letter from Cobbe, published on 23 April, was answered …
… who had received presentation copies. Galton wrote on 9 October , ‘I wish the worms were not such …
… of letters about worms’, he told Francis Darwin on 9 November , ‘but amidst much rubbish there …
… ( letter to Francis Darwin, 28 [October 1881] ). On 9 November, Darwin told Francis , ‘I have …

Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms

Summary

‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…

Matches: 23 hits

… my grandfather’s character is of much value to me’ ( letter to C. H. Tindal, 5 January 1880 ). …
… have influenced the whole Kingdom, & even the world’ ( letter from J. L. Chester, 3 March 1880 …
… delighted to find an ordinary mortal who could laugh’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin to Charles and …
… much powder & shot’ ( Correspondence vol. 27, letter from Ernst Krause, 7 June 1879 , and …
… modified; but now I much regret that I did not do so’ ( letter to Samuel Butler, 3 January 1880 ). …
… and ‘decided on laying the matter before the public’ ( letter from Samuel Butler, 21 January 1880 …
… and uncertain about what to do. He drafted two versions of a letter to the Athen æum , sending …
… in which he will have the last word’, she warned ( letter from H. E. Litchfield, [1 February 1880] …
… who will fight to the end’, added her husband Richard ( letter from R. B. Litchfield, 1 February …
… him & given him Darwinophobia? It is a horrid disease’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 3 February …
… squashing the ‘mosquito inflated to an elephant’ ( letter from Ernst Krause, 9 December 1880 ). …
… inches of soil as a protection against enemies.’ ‘Your letter … made me open my eyes’, Gray replied …
… his original description. Darwin was puzzled: ‘If my letter opened your eyes, yours has opened mine …
… to the same species, should behave so differently.’ ( Letter to Asa Gray, 17 February 1880 .) But …
… of the plant in its native habitat. He forwarded a letter from a botanist and schoolteacher in …
… ‘Where is the profit for Author or publisher?’ ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 20 July 1880 ). ‘I must …
… money by science, I must now lose some for science’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 21 July 1880 ). The …
… without any corresponding structural differentiations’ ( letter from F. M. Balfour, [22 November …
… In former years I was, also, rarely fit to see anybody’ ( letter to S. H. Haliburton, 13 December …
… he pretended, ‘but the subject has amused me’ ( letter to W. C. McIntosh, 18 June 1880 ). Members …
… back. Then we saw a steam tram—imagine my excitement’ ( letter from Horace Darwin to Emma Darwin, …
… the success of our efforts’ ( letter to A. B. Buckley, 9 November 1880 ). He worked with Huxley on …
… about their party quarrels’ ( letter to James Torbitt, 9 May 1880 ). Politicians grew concerned …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 24 hits

… that he was ‘unwell & must write briefly’ ( letter to John Scott, 31 May [1863] ), and in a …
… persevered with his work on Variation until 20 July, his letter-writing dwindled considerably. The …
… from ‘some Quadrumanum animal’, as he put it in a letter to J. D. Hooker of 24[–5] February [1863] …
… ‘I declare I never in my life read anything grander’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 26 [February 1863] …
… than Origin had (see Correspondence vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] ). …
… from animals like the woolly mammoth and cave bear ( see letter from Jacques Boucher de Perthes, 23 …
… leap from that of inferior animals made him ‘groan’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). …
… out that species were not separately created’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 17 March [1863] ). Public …
… book he wished his one-time mentor had not said a word ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 24[–5] February …
… I respect you, as my old honoured guide & master’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). …
… against stronger statements regarding species change ( letter from Charles Lyell, 11 March 1863 ). …
… thinking, while Huxley’s book would scare them off ( see letter from Asa Gray, 20 April 1863 ). In …
… change of species by descent put him ‘into despair’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). In the …
… disaffected towards Lyell and his book. In a February letter to the Athenæum , a weekly review of …
… find great difficulty in answering Owen unaided ’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [23 February 1863] …
… of so much of Lyell’s book being written by others’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [23 February 1863] …
… is wretched to see men fighting so for a little fame’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1863] ). …
… overt act, and I shall watch for a fitting opportunity’ ( letter to Hugh Falconer, 5 [and 6] …
… God demented Owen, as a punishment for his crimes… ?’ ( letter from Hugh Falconer, 3 January [1863] …
… Darwin’, a transitional form between reptiles and birds ( letter from Hugh Falconer, 3 January …
… a significant gap had been filled in the fossil record ( letter to Hugh Falconer, 5 [and 6] January …
… my teeth at my own folly’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [9 May 1863] ). After his venture into the …
… … who dare speak out’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [9 May 1863] ). The others listed were himself, …
… to Asa Gray, 20 April [1863] , letter to J. D. Hooker, [9 May 1863] , and memorandum from G. H …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 25 hits

… be done by observation during prolonged intervals’ ( letter to D. T. Gardner, [ c . 27 August …
… pleasures of shooting and collecting beetles ( letter from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ). Such …
… And … one looks backwards much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). …
… was an illusory hope.— I feel very old & helpless’ ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] …
… inferred that he was well from his silence on the matter ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 26 October …
… in such rubbish’, he confided to Joseph Dalton Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] …
… that Mr Williams was ‘a cheat and an imposter’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 27 January 1874 ). …
… his, ‘& that he was thus free to perform his antics’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 29 January [1874 …
… Darwin had allowed ‘a spirit séance’ at his home ( letter from T. G. Appleton, 2 April 1874 ). …
… edition, published in 1842 ( Correspondence vol. 21, letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 17 …
… Hooker, and finally borrowed one from Charles Lyell ( letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 8 January …
… to take so sweetly all the horrid bother of correction’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 21 [March …
… sent an apology for misinterpreting Darwin on this point ( letter from J. D. Dana, 21 July 1874 ); …
… numbers and sex ratios among the Pitcairn islanders ( letter from William Dealtry, 16 January 1874 …
… will say that I have pounded the enemy into a jelly’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 14 April 1874 ). …
… by none but anatomists; and never mind where it goes’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 16 April 1874 ). …
… the return on subsequent print runs would be very good ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 …
… by the conciseness & clearness of your thought’ ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 20 April 1874 ). …
… legal action over the ‘scurrilous libel’ on his son ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [27 July 1874] ). …
… false, scurrilous accusation of [a] lying scoundrel’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ). …
… as father and son agonised over the wording of both the letter to the editor and the letter to …
… relationship with Murray on the outcome ( enclosure to letter from G. H. Darwin, 6 [August] 1874 ) …
… is refused I’m really no worse off than if I had sent my letter direct to the Editor & it had …
… bad & have done pretty well’ ( letter to Horace Darwin, 9 January [1874] ). Horace came …
… 6 April 1874 , and letter to Anton Dohrn, 16 April and 9 August 1874 ). Darwin also helped …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 17 hits

… his University) and is much less his own man. A letter from England catches his attention …
… of Europe; and ‘Arct. Asia’… GRAY: 9 May 22 nd 1855. Harvard University. My …
… 11 My dear Hooker… What a remarkably nice and kind letter Dr A. Gray has sent me in answer to my …
… be of any the least use to you? If so I would copy it… His letter does strike me as most uncommonly …
… on the geographical distribution of the US plants; and if my letter caused you to do this some year …
… a brace of letters 25 I send enclosed [a letter for you from Asa Gray], received …
… might like to see it; please be sure [to] return it. If your letter is Botanical and has nothing …
… Atlantic. HOOKER: 28 Thanks for your letter and its enclosure from A. Gray which …
… notions of natural Selection and would see whether it or my letter bears any date, I should be very …
… 55 My good dear friend, forgive me. This is a trumpery letter influenced by trumpery feelings. …
… do a good deal to secure it. Darwin passes Gray’s letter to Hooker with a cringe. …
… full relief from all anxiety. Darwin shows Gray’s letter to Hooker. DARWIN: …
… back. JANE GRAY: 189 [Jane Gray. Letter to her sister. Fall, 1868.] Mr Darwin …
… DARWIN: 192 My dear Gray. When I look over your letter[s] … and see all the things you …
… me, and yet was most anxious till two days ago, when I got a letter from him in excellent spirits. …
… 8 C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 25 APRIL 1855 9 A GRAY TO C DARWIN, 22 MAY 1855 …
… TO GRAY AT THIS TIME 189 JANE LORING GRAY, LETTER TO HER SISTER, 1868 or 1869 …

Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

Matches: 26 hits

… & I am sick of correcting’ ( Correspondence vol. 16, letter to W. D. Fox, 12 December [1868 …
… Well it is a beginning, & that is something’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [22 January 1869] ). …
… made any blunders, as is very likely to be the case’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 January 1869 ). …
… by his perfectibility principle (Nägeli 1865, pp. 28–9). In further letters, Hooker tried to provide …
… than I now see is possible or probable’ (see also letter to A. R. Wallace, 22 January [1869] , …
… is strengthened by the facts in distribution’ ( letter to James Croll, 31 January [1869] ). Darwin …
… tropical species using Croll’s theory. In the same letter to Croll, Darwin had expressed …
… a very long period before the Cambrian formation’ ( letter to James Croll, 31 January [1869] …
… data to go by, but don’t think we have got that yet’ ( letter from James Croll, 4 February 1869 ). …
… I d have been less deferential towards [Thomson]’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 19 March [1869] ). …
… completed revisions of the ‘everlasting old Origin’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 1 June [1869] ), he was …
… him however in his researches I would willingly do so’ ( letter from Robert Elliot to George …
… with his noisy courting of the female in the garden ( letter from Frederick Smith, 8 October 1869 …
… doubted her ability to recognise the different varieties ( letter to W. B. Tegetmeier, 25 February …
… weary of everlasting males & females, cocks & hens.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 November …
… hatred—’ ( from Asa Gray and J. L. Gray, 8 and 9 May [1869] ). James Crichton-Browne and …
… with much more of the same description’ ( enclosure to letter from Henry Maudsley, 20 May 1869 ). …
… in an additional & proximate cause in regard to Man’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 14 April 1869 …
… orang-utan, and the bird of paradise (Wallace 1869a; letter to A. R. Wallace, 22 March [1869] ) …
… does himself an injustice & never demands justice’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 14 April 1869 ). …
… geological structures of the South American cordillera ( letter to Charles Lyell, 20 May 1869 ), …
… of the same species that Darwin had investigated in depth ( letter from C. F. Claus, 6 February …
… role of earthworms in the formation of the soil ( letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle , 9 May [1869] …
… sundew), a genus that he had studied in the early 1860s ( letter to W. C. Tait, 12 and 16 March …
… I do not care to follow him’ ( letter from T. H. Farrer, 9 October 1869 ). Farrer ventured to …
… on summit of a mountain.—’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 9 July [1869] ). Earlier in the year, …

Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’. Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

Matches: 28 hits

… shall be a man again & not a horrid grinding machine’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 25 December …
… anything which has happened to me for some weeks’ ( letter to Albert Günther, 13 January [1870] ) …
… corrections of style, the more grateful I shall be’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ) …
… who wd ever have thought that I shd. turn parson?’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). …
… abt any thing so unimportant as the mind of man!’ ( letter from H. E. Darwin, [after 8 February …
… thro’ apes & savages at the moral sense of mankind’ ( letter to F. P. Cobbe, 23 March [1870?] …
… how metaphysics & physics form one great philosophy?’ ( letter from F. P. Cobbe, 28 March [1870 …
… in thanks for the drawing ( Correspondence vol. 16, letter to J. D. Hooker, 26 November [1868] …
… patients, but it did not confirm Duchenne’s findings ( letter from James Crichton-Browne, 15 March …
… muscle’, he complained, ‘is the bane of existence!’ ( letter to William Ogle, 9 November 1870 ). …
… to their belief that all demons and spirits were white ( letter from W. W. Reade, 9 November 1870 …
… . . Could you make it scream without hurting it much?’ ( letter to A. D. Bartlett, 5 January [1870] …
… or crying badly; but I fear he will not succeed’ ( letter to James Crichton-Browne, 8 June [1870] …
… Lucy Wedgwood, who sent a sketch of a baby’s brows ( letter from L. C. Wedgwood, [5 May 1870] ). …
… is the inclination to finish my note on this subject’ ( letter from F. C. Donders, 17 May 1870 ). …
… the previous year (see Correspondence vol. 17, letter to A. R. Wallace, 14 April 1869 ). His …
… (in retrograde direction) naturalist’ (letter to A. R.Wallace, 26 January [1870]). …
… towards each other, though in one sense rivals’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 20 April [1870] ). …
… version of the theory of descent by natural selection in a letter to Darwin, prompting much anxiety …
… But who is to criticise them? No one but yourself’ ( letter from H. W. Bates, 20 May 1870 ). …
… me to be able to say that I never write reviews’ ( letter to H. W. Bates, [22 May 1870] ). …
… design. Darwin commented on Mivart’s essay in a letter to William Henry Flower: ‘I am glad …
… time wd be wasted if I once began to answer objectors’ ( letter to W. H. Flower, 25 March [1870] ) …
… laborious & valuable labours on the Primates’ ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 23 April [1870] ). …
… Ape than such an Ape differs from a lump of granite’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 22 April 1870 …
… his “end” whatever may have been his “origin” ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 25 April 1870 ). In …
… by you in this manner than praised by many others’ ( letter to Armand de Quatrefages, 28 May [1870 …
… us which are stronger than the causes of discord’ ( letter from Armand de Quatrefages, 30 March …

Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep

Summary

In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…

Matches: 29 hits

… Hooker, ‘or as far as I know any scientific man’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 December [1878] ). …
… Cactus’, he wrote to William Turner Thiselton-Dyer on 9 May. He later noted that in many Cacteae the …
… or arched.… Almost all seedlings come up arched’ ( letter to Sophy Wedgwood, 24 March [1878–80] ). …
… about the radicles’, he wrote to Thiselton-Dyer on 9 May . ‘The apex is sensitive, & instead …
… when he finds out that he missed sensitiveness of apex’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, [11 May 1878] …
… Darwin complained. ‘I am ashamed at my blunder’ ( letter to John Tyndall, 22 December [1878] ). …
… accursed German language: Sachs is very kind to him’ ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 18 June …
… have nobody to talk to, about my work, I scribble to you ( letter to Francis Darwin, 7 [July 1878] …
… but it is horrid not having you to discuss it with’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, 20 [July 1878] ). …
… determine whether they had chlorophyll, Francis reported ( letter from Francis Darwin, [after 7 …
… ‘There is one machine we must have’, Francis wrote ( letter from Francis Darwin, [before 17 July …
… ‘He seems to me to jump to conclusions rather’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, [before 3 August 1878] …
… the pot-plant every day & never the bedded out one’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, [after 7 July …
… ‘I have borrowed Cieselski & read him,’ he reported ( letter from Francis Darwin, [22 June 1878 …
… books & red-wine which is here the cure for all evils’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, [24 and 25 …
… is very sweet & pretty,’ he added a week later ( letter to Francis Darwin, 14 July [1878] ). …
… in a booboo, whereas I ought to have said a gee-gee’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, 17 July [1878] ). …
… close down on the object, but he will always do so’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 20 August [1878] ). …
… idiot, a deaf-mute, a monkey & a baby in your house!’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 2 September …
… that I want to play the part of a thieving wasp’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 21 June 1878 ). …
… than zoology, where his work had been more controversial ( letter from J.-B. Dumas and Joseph …
… me Dr Darwin, the title seems to me quite ridiculous’ ( letter to John Price, 2 April [1878] ). …
… of the “imperfection of the Geological Record”’ ( letter from Edmund Mojsisovics von Mojsvár, 28 …
… science our atlas would not have come together’ ( letter from Arnold Dodel-Port, 18 June 1878 ). …
… or religious prejudice. An engineer in Bohemia addressed his letter to ‘the inspired hermit of Down’ …
… in Germany, as if they had been school-boys’ ( letter to Karl von Scherzer, 1 April 1878 ). …
… a personal god with the ‘eternity of matter’ ( letter from H. N. Ridley, [before 28 November 1878] …
… a Naturalist and leaves Moses to take care of himself ’ ( letter from J. B. Innes, 1 December 1878 …
… ‘I am what may be called a rich man’, he replied on 9 December, ‘on the other hand I have 5 sons …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 23 hits

… ‘I feel a very old man, & my course is nearly run’ ( letter to Lawson Tait, 13 February 1882 ) …
… fertility of crosses between differently styled plants ( letter from Fritz Müller, 1 January 1882 …
… François Marie Glaziou (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter from Arthur de Souza Corrêa, 20 …
… quite untirable & I am glad to shirk any extra labour’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 6 January …
… probably intending to test its effects on chlorophyll ( letter to Joseph Fayrer, 30 March 1882 ). …
… we know about the life of any one plant or animal!’ ( letter to Henry Groves, 3 April 1882 ). He …
… of seeing the flowers & experimentising on them’ ( letter to J. E. Todd, 10 April 1882 ). …
… find stooping over the microscope affects my heart’ ( letter to Henry Groves, 3 April 1882 ). …
… sooner or later write differently about evolution’ ( letter to John Murray, 21 January 1882 ). The …
… leaves into their burrows ( Correspondence vol. 29, letter from J. F. Simpson, 8 November 1881 …
… on the summit, whence it rolls down the sides’ ( letter from J. F. Simpson, 7 January 1882 ). The …
… light on it, which would have pleased me greatly’ ( letter from J. H. Gilbert, 9 January 1882, …
… annelid seemed to have rather the best of the fight’ ( letter from G. F. Crawte, 11 March 1882 ). …
… by the American educator Emily Talbot (Talbot ed. 1882). His letter to Talbot written the previous …
… by the flippant witlings of the newspaper press’ ( letter from A. T. Rice, 4 February 1882 ). Rice …
… men, and their role as providers for the family. In his letter, he conceded that there was ‘some …
… of our homes, would in this case greatly suffer’ ( letter to C. A. Kennard, 9 January 1882 ). …
… she be fairly judged, intellectually his inferior, please ( letter from C. A. Kennard, 28 January …
… he has allied himself to so dreadful a man, as Huxley’ ( letter to John Collier, 16 February 1882 …
… Would my actions be the same without my consciousness?’ ( letter from John Collier, 22 February …
… a solid scientific foundation cannot be overestimated’ ( letter to William Jenner, 20 March [1882] …
… to delight in his children’s accomplishments. In a letter to Anthony Rich, he shared several of his …
… years was the prominent London practitioner Andrew Clark. On 9 March, Darwin wrote in his diary, ‘Dr …

Henrietta Darwin's diary

Summary

Darwin's daughter Henrietta kept a diary for a few momentous weeks in 1871. This was the year in which Descent of Man, the most controversial of her father's books after Origin itself, appeared, a book which she had helped him write. The small…

Matches: 5 hits

… F. J. Wedgwood to H. E. and C. R. Darwin, [1867–72], letter nos. 7058–62). She had published a …
… if I be I— it seems so strange that my life & his 9 are trembling now in the balance & …
… I think I am a very happy woman. Sunday July 9 th . 1871 I want to think why I shd …
… when I feel my day made bright & happy by one short letter. I want him to take me in his arms …
… identified. 8 Thomas Henry Huxley . 9 Richard Buckley Litchfield . …

Books on the Beagle

Summary

The Beagle was a sort of floating library. Find out what Darwin and his shipmates read here.

Matches: 29 hits

… Captain FitzRoy in the Narrative (2: 18). CD, in his letter to Henslow, 9 [September 1831] , …
… . . . There will be plenty of room for Books.’ (Letter from Robert FitzRoy, 23 September 1831 …
… the ‘immense stock’ which CD mentions may be had from a letter FitzRoy wrote to his sister during an …
… on board the Beagle § — mentioned in a letter or other source as being on board …
… Naturelle 3 (1834): 84–115. (DAR 37.1: 677v.; letter to J. S. Henslow, 12 July 1835). * …
… d’histoire naturelle . 17 vols. Paris, 1822–31. (Letter from J. S. Henslow, 15–21 January [1833]). …
… a report of the proceedings . . . Cambridge, 1833. (Letter to Charles Whitley, 23 July 1834). …
… of the 2d meeting . . . Oxford, 1832 . London, 1833. (Letter to J. S. Henslow, March 1834 and …
… also Hawkesworth, John). (DAR 32.2: 89v.; Robert FitzRoy’s letter to the South African Christian …
… residence in New Zealand in 1827 . . . London, 1832. (Letter to Caroline Darwin, 27 December 1835). …
… 33: 254). § Euclid. Elements of geometry. (Letter to J. S. Henslow, 30 October 1831). …
… The philosophy of zoology . . . 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1822. (Letter from Susan Darwin, 15 October …
… Desaulses de. Voyage autour du monde . . . 1817–20. 9 vols., 4 vols. plates, Paris, 1824–44. …
… to the mountain barometer. 2d ed. London, n.d. [1802]. (Letter to Robert FitzRoy, [10 October 1831 …
… de l’ordre des polypiers. Paris, 1821. (DAR 30.1: 13v.; letter to J. S. Henslow, 24 July – 7 …
… Video. Novem r . 1832’; vol. 3 (1833): ‘C. Darwin’; letter to J. S. Henslow, 24 July – 7 November …
… of England. Volume one. London, 1830. (Robert FitzRoy’s letter to the South African Christian …
… ‘A few little books written by Miss Martineau’. (Letter from Caroline Darwin, 28 October [1833]). …
… and La Plata . . . 2 vols. London, 1826. (DAR 31.2: 319; letter to Robert Fitzroy, 28 August 1834) …
… John. Paradise lost. ( ’Beagle’ diary , p. 107; letter to J. S. Henslow, 24 November 1832). …
… account of several late voyages. 2 parts. London, 1694. (Letter to J. S. Henslow, 24 July – 7 …
… introducton to . . . mineralogy . . . London, 1816. (Letter from J. S. Henslow, 22 July 1834; …
… the Cambridge Philosophical Society 4 (1833): 209–17. (Letter to J. S. Henslow, 24 July – 7 …
… 1803, and 1804 . . . London, 1805. (Robert FitzRoy’s letter to the South African Christian …
… of the world . . . Vol. 1. London, 1832. (DAR 30.1: 2v.; letter to J. M. Herbert, 2 June 1833). …
… of the voyages . . . London, 1773. (Robert FitzRoy’s letter to the South African Christian …
… state . . . by a country pastor [R. W.]. London, 1829. (Letter from Caroline Darwin, 28 October …
… of the Royal Society of London 123 (1833): 147–236. (Letter to J. S. Henslow, March 1834; …
… James. Elements of algebra. 8th ed. Cambridge, 1825. (Letter to J. S. Henslow, 30 October 1831). …

Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

Matches: 29 hits

… The death of Hugh Falconer Darwin’s first letter to Hooker of 1865 suggests that the family …
… having all the Boys at home: they make the house jolly’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865] …
… had failed to include among the grounds of the award ( see letter from Hugh Falconer to Erasmus …
… his letters to Darwin, and Darwin responded warmly: ‘Your letter is by far the grandest eulogium …
… may well rest content that I have not laboured in vain’ ( letter to Hugh Falconer, 6 January [1865] …
… always a most kind friend to me. So the world goes.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 2 February [1865] …
… for our griefs & pains: these alone are unalloyed’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 3 February 1865 …
… gas.— Sic transit gloria mundi, with a vengeance’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 9 February [1865] ). …
… added, ‘I know it is folly & nonsense to try anyone’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865] …
… ineffective, and Darwin had given it up by early July ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, [10 July 1865] …
… of anything, & that almost exclusively bread & meat’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 15 August [1865] …
… better, attributing the improvement to Jones’s diet ( see letter to T. H. Huxley, 4 October [1865] …
… he was ‘able to write about an hour on most days’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 22 December [1865] ). …
… others very forward, except the last & concluding one’ ( letter to John Murray, 31 March [1865] …
… my book will be ready for the press in the autumn’ ( letter to John Murray, 4 April [1865] ). In …
… however, ‘I am never idle when I can do anything’ ( letter to John Murray, 2 June [1865] ). It was …
… might be more willing to bear the expense of the woodcuts ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865 …
… & I loathe the whole subject like tartar emetic’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 January [1865] ) …
… you will be an unnatural parent, for it is your child’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 19 April 1865 ; …
… needed for references, probably from the Linnean Society ( letter to [Richard Kippist], 4 June …
… in or before November 1864 ( Correspondence vol. 12, letter to Ernst Haeckel, 21 November [1864 …
… 1865 that he had just finished hearing it read aloud ( letter to Fritz Müller, 10 August [1865] ). …
… Linnean Society for publication in Müller’s name ( see letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, …
… so weak that I am not able to do any scientific work’ ( letter to Fritz Müller, 20 September [1865] …
… coloured varieties (see Correspondence vol. 10, letter to John Scott, 19 November [1862] ). …
… physiological species arising’ ( Correspondence vol. 9, letter to J. D. Hooker, 28 September …
… experiments in 1863 (see Correspondence vol. 11, letter from John Scott, 21 September [1863] …
… India in late 1864, despite suffering from sea-sickness ( letter from John Scott, 21 July 1865 ). …
… much enthusiasm as I am capable of after laying in bed till 9 eating heavy breakfasts & looking …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 30 hits

… Were women a target audience? Letter 2447 - Darwin to Murray, J., [5 April 1859] …
… Tollet for proofreading and criticisms of style. Letter 2461 - Darwin to Hooker, J. …
… her to read to check that she can understand it. Letter 7312 - Darwin to Darwin, F. …
… from all but educated, typically-male readers. Letter 7124 - Darwin to Darwin, H. E …
… he seeks her help with tone and style. Letter 7329 - Murray , J. to Darwin, [28 …
… in order to minimise impeding general perusal. Letter 7331 - Darwin to Murray, …
… he uses to avoid ownership of indelicate content. Letter 8335 - Reade, W. W. to …
… so as not to lose the interest of women. Letter 8341 - Reade, W. W. to Darwin, …
… which will make it more appealing to women. Letter 8611 - Cupples, A. J. to …
… Darwin’s female readership Letter 5391 - Becker, L. E. to Darwin, [6 February …
… of the Manchester Ladies Literary Society . Letter 6551 - Becker, L. E . to …
… the chapter on pangenesis, which is a revelation. Letter 6976 - Darwin to Blackwell, A. …
… Darwin assumes that 'A. B. Blackwell' is a man. Letter 7177 - Cupples, G. to …
… him to the psychology of Herbert Spencer. Letter 7624 - Bathoe, M . B. to Darwin …
… his statements on a lack of reasoning in animals. Letter 7644 - Barnard, A. to …
… during a visit to an asylum with her father. Letter 7651 - Wedgwood, F. J. to …
… on any comments that she feels might be suitable. Letter 7411 - Pfeiffer, E. J. to …
… and beauty in the process of sexual selection. Letter 8055 - Hennell, S. S. to Darwin, …
… of a woman’s natural thinking”. Letter 8778 - Forster, L. M . to Darwin, H. …
… and the showing of teeth in Expression . Letter 10072 - Pape, C. to …
… and hopes Darwin will complete her questionnaire. Letter 10390 - Herrick, S. M. B. …
… of questions which she hopes aren’t too silly. Letter 10415 - Darwin to Herrick, S. …
… and is pleased that his work has interested her. Letter 10508 - Treat, M. to Darwin …
… it nearly all night before she could lay it down. Letter 13547 - Tanner, M. H. …
… involving worms which occurred in her garden. Letter 13650 Kennard, C. A. to Darwin …
… Reading Variation Letter 5712 - Dallas, W. S. to Darwin, [8 December 1867] …
… array of facts” contained in the work. Letter 5861 - Blyth, E. to Darwin, [11 …
… are a few things which must be altered”. Letter 5928 - Gray, A. to Darwin, [25 …
… to be made to the text for the second edition. Letter 6040 - Haeckel, E. P. A. to …
… . Letter 6237 - Bullar, R. to Darwin, [9 June 1868] Rosa Bullar reports a …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time. And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth. All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

Matches: 28 hits

… ‘my wife … poor creature, has won only 2490 games’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 28 January 1876 ). …
… quantity of work’ left in him for ‘new matter’ (letter to Asa Gray, 28 January 1876). The …
… to a reprint of the second edition of Climbing plants ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 23 February …
… & I for blundering’, he cheerfully observed to Carus. ( Letter to J. V. Carus, 24 April 1876. …
… provided evidence for the ‘advantages of crossing’ (letter to Asa Gray, 28 January 1876). Revising …
… year to write about his life ( Correspondence vol. 23, letter from Ernst von Hesse-Wartegg, 20 …
… nowadays is evolution and it is the correct one’ ( letter from Nemo, [1876?] ). …
… him ‘basely’ and who had succeeded in giving him pain ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 17 June 1876 ). …
… disgrace’ of blackballing so distinguished a zoologist ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 29 January 1876 ) …
… must have been cast by the ‘poorest curs in London’ ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [4 February …
… her questions were ‘too silly to deserve an answer’ ( letter from S. B. Herrick, 12 February 1876 …
… on Dionaea ‘to test the insect eating theory’ ( letter from Peter Henderson, 15 November 1876 …
… sending Darwin small amendments to his results ( letter from Moritz Schiff, 8 May 1876 ). …
… to get positive results in this year’s experiments’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, [ c . 19 March …
… of heredity named perigenesis, which he sent to Darwin on 9 May . Haeckel argued that the …
… in the Encyclopaedia Britannica the previous year ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [after 4 September …
… and to promote work he admired. He was so interested in a letter from Fritz Müller in Brazil …
… with the ants that inhabited the trunk that he sent the letter to Nature for publication. ‘It …
… communicated this information in an article in Nature ( letter from Johann von Fischer, [before …
… phyllotaxis by the mutual pressure of very young buds’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 21 June [1876] ). …
… Scottish shoemaker and ardent naturalist Thomas Edward ( letter from F. M. Balfour, 11 December …
… live blood-hound which shall hunt it to the death’ ( letter from James Torbitt, 19 April 1876 …
… the public to consider Torbitt an untrustworthy fanatic ( letter to James Torbitt, 21 April 1876 ) …
… request, with the ‘awful job’ of informing the author ( letter to G. G. Stokes, 21 April [1876] ). …
… thought the paper was ‘not worthy of being read ever’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 28 January 1876 …
… to William Thiselton-Dyer on 26 April that Tait’s letter about his ‘accursed paper’ had quite …
… minded Horace, however, who was the first to type a letter, telling George on 1 May (in the only …
… Henry Lewes for an article on the snail’s heart and a letter to Nature on the use of the …

Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 29 hits

… learn that the book was on sale even in railway stations ( letter to Charles Lyell, 14 January …
… the book, thinking that it would be nice easy reading.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] ). …
… he told Hooker, did not at all concern his main argument ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 January [1860] …
… his theory would have been ‘ utterly smashed’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). (A …
… from right principles of scientific investigation.—’ ( letter to J. S. Henslow, 8 May [1860] ). …
… a theory solely by explaining an ample lot of facts.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 18 February [1860] ). …
… phenomena it comes in time to be admitted as real.’ ( letter to C. J. F. Bunbury, 9 February [1860] …
… natural selection did not necessarily lead to progression ( letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 …
… considered it more a failure than a success ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 February [1860] ). …
… naturalists because more accustomed to reasoning.’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 18 May 1860 ). …
… two physiologists, and five botanists ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 March [1860] ). Others, like …
… tail, whenever I gaze at it, makes me sick!’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 3 April [1860] ). By the …
… favour of change of form’, namely those of embryology ( letter to Asa Gray, 10 September [1860] ). …
… his study of the geographical distribution of species ( see letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 August 1860 …
… ‘man is in same predicament with other animals’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] )— he …
… book had become ‘topics of the day’ at the meeting in a letter from Hooker written from Oxford. …
… Darwin ‘master of the field after 4 hours battle’ (letter from J. D. Hooker, 2 July 1860). Other …
… that ‘this row is best thing for subject.—’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). Further …
… if the whole were already proved) to his own views.—’ ( letter from J. S. Henslow to J. D. Hooker, …
… ‘how differently different opposers view the subject’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 15 February [1860] …
… studying the first published piece: 'I said in a former letter that you were a Lawyer; but I …
… works. Only two days after the second edition was issued, on 9 January 1860, he turned to preparing …
… that these visits have led to changed structure.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 April [1860] ). …
… several months later, ‘just as at a game of chess.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 [July 1860] ). …
… substance from non=nitrogenised substances.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 31 [August 1860] ). Relying …
… scarcely be believed without further supporting evidence ( letter to Edward Cresy, 12 December …
… ‘how much better fun observing is than writing.—’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 12 September [1860] ) …
… hope & think I shall improve the Book considerably.—’ ( letter to John Murray, 5 December [1860 …
… of some good judge coming some little way with me.’ ( letter to John Innes, 28 December [1860] ). …

Referencing women’s work

Summary

Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…

Matches: 23 hits

… earthworms . Selected letters Letter 1113 - Darwin to Whitby, M. …
… work are referenced throughout Variation . Letter 2395 - Darwin to Holland, …
… her identity is both anonymised and masculinised. Letter 3316 - Darwin to Nevill, D …
… Darwin’s Fertilisation of Orchids . Letter 4038 - Darwin to Lyell, C., …
… being acknowledged publicly as a science critic. Letter 4370 - Wedgwood, L. C. to …
… are identified only as “friends in Surrey”. Letter 4794 - Darwin to Lyell, C., [25 …
… Sir C. Lyell” or received from “Miss. B”. Letter 7060 - Wedgwood, F. J. to …
… was referenced in the final publication. Letter 7223 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L. C …
… are not cited in Expression . Letter 5817 - Darwin to Huxley, T. H., …
… description of a crying baby in Mary Barton. Letter 8321 - Darwin to …
… he would “feel the public humming” at him. Letter 7345 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, …
… lady, on whose accuracy I can implicitly rely”. Letter 8427 - Darwin to Litchfield H …
… of Henrietta’s considerable editorial input. Letter 8719 - Darwin to Treat, M., [1 …
… Letters relating to Earthworms Letter 7428 - Wedgwood, F. to Darwin, [4 …
… depth of furrows in an old field near his house. Letter 8168 - Ruck, A. R. to …
… activity in the fields of North Wales. Letter 8193 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H …
… published discussion of earthworm activity . Letter 8224 - Darwin to Ruck, A. …
… discussion of turf-based worm castings . Letter 7345 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, …
… lady, on whose accuracy I can implicitly rely”. Letter 11221 - Darwin to Darwin …
… are referenced in Vegetable Mould . Letter 12742 - Darwin, H. to Darwin, …
… "My son Horace" in Vegetable Mould . Letter 12745 - Darwin to …
… anonymously in Vegetable Mould . Letter 12760 - Wedgwood, K. E. S. to …
… but does not identify the workers in question. Letter 13037 - Darwin to Darwin, …

	Human nature	(1)
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Darwin Correspondence Project

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