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Science, Work and Manliness

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters In 1859, popular didactic writer William Landels published the first edition of what proved to be one of his best-selling works, How Men Are Made. "It is by work, work, work" he told his middle class audience, …

Matches: 11 hits

  • Letters Letter 282 - Darwin to Fox, W. D., [9 - 12 August 1835] Darwin
  • … “a little reading, thinking and hammering”. Letter 1533 - Darwin to Dana, J. D., [27
  • on it arereally surprisingand Darwin hopes that Danas health withstood the considerable labour
  • that de Bosquet has bestowed on the subject. Letter 2669 - Bunbury, C. J. F. to Darwin, …
  • a work ofastonishing labour and patience”. Letter 4262 - Darwin to Gray, A., [4
  • 134 crosses which wasno slight labour”. Letter 3901 - Darwin to Falconer, H., [5 &amp
  • not depleted completely his health and strength. Letter 4000 - Darwin to Dana, J. D., …
  • … . It is, Darwin says, “a monument of labour”. Letter 4185 - Darwin to Scott, J., [25
  • a wonderful, indefatigable worker you are!”. Letter 4997 - Wallace, A. R. to Darwin, [4
  • systematically to collect and arrange facts. Letter 8153 - Darwin to Darwin, W. E., [9
  • and anxietyinvolved in the editorial process. Letter 9157 - Darwin to Darwin, G. H., …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … be done by observation during prolonged intervals’ ( letter to D. T. Gardner, [ c . 27 August …
  • … pleasures of shooting and collecting beetles ( letter from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ).  Such …
  • … And … one looks backwards much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). …
  • … was an illusory hope.— I feel very old & helpless’  ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] …
  • … inferred that he was well from his silence on the matter ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 26 October …
  • … in such rubbish’, he confided to Joseph Dalton Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] …
  • … that Mr Williams was ‘a cheat and an imposter’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 27 January 1874 ). …
  • letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 8 January 1874 , letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 January 1874 , and …
  • … pp. v–vii), Darwin reasserted the priority of his work. Dana had complained that Darwin had not …
  • … volcano cannot affect the whole coastline of a large island. Dana also thought that Darwin had seen …
  • … for misinterpreting Darwin on this point ( letter from J. D. Dana, 21 July 1874 ); however, he did …
  • … (letters from George Cupples, 21 February 1874 and 12 March 1874 ); the material was …
  • … the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii; letters from T. N. Staley, 12 February 1874 and 20 February 1874 …
  • …  was published in November 1874 ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). Though containing …
  • … print runs would be very good ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). Darwin's …
  • … Mivart (see  Correspondence  vol. 20, letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). To Darwin …
  • … Review & in the same type’  ( letter from John Murray, 12 August 1874 ). George’s letter
  • … whether he was the author of the review ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 December 1874 ). Huxley …
  • … Mivart had written the article ( enclosure to letter from J. D. Hooker, 21 December 1874 ). Huxley …
  • … he finally wrote a polite, very formal letter to Mivart on 12 January 1875 , refusing to hold any …
  • … & snugness’ ( letter from Emma Darwin to J. B. Innes, 12 October [1874] ).   More …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 18 hits

  • … that he was ‘unwell & must write briefly’ ( letter to John Scott, 31 May [1863] ), and in a …
  • … persevered with his work on Variation until 20 July, his letter-writing dwindled considerably. The …
  • … from ‘some Quadrumanum animal’, as he put it in a letter to J. D. Hooker of 24[–5] February [1863] …
  • … ‘I declare I never in my life read anything grander’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 26 [February 1863] …
  • … than  Origin had (see  Correspondence  vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] ). …
  • … wished his one-time mentor had not said a word ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 24[–5] February [1863] ). …
  • … difficulty in answering Owen  unaided ’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [23 February 1863] ). Hugh …
  • … of Lyell’s book being written by others’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [23 February 1863] ). …
  • … to see men fighting so for a little fame’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1863] ). …
  • … to capture his and others’ attention ( see letter to J. D. Dana, 20 February [1863] , and letter
  • … a letter to the  Athenæum  in response ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 5 March [1863] ). He later …
  • … partly composed such  a good letter (!)’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1863] ). At the …
  • … he had ‘gained nothing’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 12–13 March [1863] ). poor miserable …
  • … Natural History Review  ( see letter to H. W. Bates, 12 January [1863] ). Darwin added Bates’s …
  • … Society ( see letter from Edward Sabine to John Phillips, 12 November 1863 ). Characteristically, …
  • … also encouraged him to write ( see letter to John Scott, 12 April [1863] ). In this paper, Scott …
  • … to capture his attention ( see letter to John Scott, 12 April [1863] ). Additionally, Darwin …
  • … Huxley, 25 February 1863 , and letter to Charles Lyell, 12–13 March [1863] ). Emma was a …

Scientific Practice

Summary

Specialism|Experiment|Microscopes|Collecting|Theory Letter writing is often seen as a part of scientific communication, rather than as integral to knowledge making. This section shows how correspondence could help to shape the practice of science, from…

Matches: 16 hits

  • … | Microscopes | Collecting | Theory Letter writing is often seen as a part of …
  • … with detailed correspondence about barnacles. Letter 1514 — Darwin, C. R. to Huxley, T. …
  • … on embryological stages than Huxley thinks. Letter 1592 — Darwin, C. R. to Huxley, T. H …
  • … and difficulties of botanical experimentation. Letter 4895 — Darwin, C. R. to Müller, J …
  • … on Anelasma which he thinks seems probable. Letter 5173 — Müller, J. F. T. to …
  • … and on some plants which seem to be dichogamous. Letter 5429 — Müller, J. F. T. to …
  • … and crossed with pollen of other species. Letter 5480 — Müller, J. F. T. to Darwin, C. …
  • Letter 5551 — Darwin, C. R. to Müller, J. F. T., 26 May [1867] Darwin thanks Müller for …
  • Letter 207 — Darwin, C. R. to Fox, W. D., 23 May 1833 Darwin tells Fox to buy a microscope. …
  • Letter 1018 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., [6 Nov 1846] Darwin tells Hooker, if he pays …
  • Letter 1174 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 10 May 1848 Darwin discusses his barnacle work. …
  • … book. Letter 1140 — Darwin, C. R. to Ross, J. C., 31 Dec 1847 Darwin asks Ross to …
  • … C. R. to Gould, A. A., 20 Aug [1849] Darwin thanks J. D. Dana for cirripede specimens. Darwin …
  • Letter 1202 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 6 Oct [1848] Darwin writes to Hooker about his …
  • … to specific name. Letter 1220 — Hooker, J. D. to Darwin, C. R., 3 Feb 1849 Hooker …
  • Letter 1260 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 12 Oct 1849 Darwin writes to Hooker about his …

Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles

Summary

Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…

Matches: 15 hits

  • … hurrah for my species-work’ ( Correspondence  vol. 3, letter to J. D. Hooker, [5 or 12 November …
  • … William Herschel, to write the chapter on geology ( letter to J. F. W. Herschel, 4 February [1848] …
  • … by Darwin on the use of microscopes on board ship ( see letter to Richard Owen, [26 March 1848] ). …
  • … to Milne directly, he sent a long rejoinder in the form of a letter for publication in the Scotsman. …
  • … asked for it to be destroyed. Only the draft of Darwin’s letter remains ( letter to the  Scotsman …
  • … that his original fieldwork was ‘time thrown away’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 8 [September 1847] ) …
  • … that it would be a ‘thorn in the side of É de B.’ (letter to Charles Lyell, 3 January 1850 ). …
  • … marine invertebrates himself (see Correspondence vol. 2, letter to Leonard Jenyns, 10 April [1837]) …
  • … a young Balanus in this illformed little monster? Fig 12.— . . . It is manifest this curious little …
  • … opinion that such a monograph was a ‘desideratum’ ( letter to J. L. R. Agassiz, 22 October 1848 ), …
  • … abortive stamens or pistils ( Correspondence  vol. 2, letter from J. S. Henslow, 21 November …
  • … care what you say, my species theory is all gospel.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 10 May 1848 ). …
  • … sacrifice the rule of priority for the sake of expedience ( letter to H. E. Strickland, [4 February …
  • … it as ‘the greatest curse to natural History’ ( letter to H. E. Strickland, 29 January [1849] ). …
  • … Museum of Zoology, has been transcribed with Darwin’s letter to H. E. Strickland, 29 January [1849 …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 25 hits

  • 4  [Pierquin de Gembloux 1839]. Said to be good by D r  L. Lindsay 5 [DAR *119: 1v. …
  • … [A. von Humboldt 1811] Richardsons Fauna Borealis [J. Richardson 182937] …
  • on Annals of Nat. Hist. [Jenyns 1838] Prichard; a 3 d . vol [Prichard 183647] Lawrence [W. …
  • Teneriffe. in Pers. Narr. [A. von Humboldt 181429] D r  Royle on Himmalaya types [Royle
  • reference to authors about E. Indian Islands 8 consult D r  Horsfield [Horsfield 1824] …
  • sheep [Youatt 1831, 1834, 1837]. Verey Philosophie dHist. Nat. [Virey 1835] read
  • Paper on consciousness in brutes Blackwood June 1838 [J. F. Ferrie 1838]. H. C. Watson on
  • read There appears to be good art. on Entozore 12  by Owen in Encyclop. of Anat. & …
  • to White Nat. Hist of Selbourne [E. T. Bennett ed. 1837 and [J. Rennie] ed. 1833] read 19  : …
  • what have they written.? “Hunt” [J. Hunt 1806] p. 290
  • … [Reimarius 1760] The Highlands & Western Isl ds  letter to Sir W Scott [MacCulloch 1824
  • chiefly on distribution of forms said to be Poor Sir. J. Edwards Botanical Tour [?J. E. Smith
  • all Vols. Marshalls Rural Economy of Yorkshire, 12 s  [Marshall 1788]—— often quoted by
  • Palaces. Fourth Edition with Woodcuts. 2 vols. fcap. 8vo., 12 s . 30  [Jesse 1838] …
  • 183440]: In Portfolio ofabstracts34  —letter from Skuckard of books on Silk Worm
  • Animals (Deer, Antelopes, &c.) [Jardine 18356] 12. Ruminating Animals (Goats, Sheep, …
  • et Culture. 4to. Avec 10 planches. Amsterdam, 1768. 12 s . 41  Bailliére [Saint-Simon] 1768] …
  • M rs  Frys Life [Fry 1847] Horace Walpoles letter to C t . of Ossory [Walpole 1848] …
  • of  Vertebrate  animals 54 folio Plates. Maclise 212.6. [Maclise 1847] good for woodcuts. (Roy. …
  • Asiatic Society ]—contains very little Macleays letter to D r  Fleming [Macleay 1830] …
  • Malthus on Population [Malthus 1826] Oct 12 th  W. Earles 60  Eastern Seas [Earl 1837]. …
  • Footsteps of the Creator [H. Miller 1849] Dec. 10. Danas Geology. U.S. Expedition [J. D. …
  • … [Heer 1854].— Hooker has it.— Very important Hookers letter Jan. 1859 Yules Ava [Yule 1858] …
  • Nat. History of E. Borders [G. Johnston 1853]. 20 Danas Crustacea [J. D. Dana 18523] …
  • the Great [Carlyle 185865] (very moderate) July 15 Dana Two Years before Mast [R. H. Dana

Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia

Summary

Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … voyage. Darwin expressed his current enthusiasm in a letter to William Darwin Fox, 23 May 1833 ( …
  • … classificatory value’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 285).^12^    For delineating the higher …
  • … was challenged in 1859 by August Krohn. As he admitted in a letter to Charles Lyell, 28 September …
  • … (as Darwin called it in his Autobiography and in his letter to Lyell), was more than a matter of …
  • … Toward the end of his study of Balanus , in a letter to Hooker on 25 September [1853] ( …
  • … latter instrument suited his purposes well; he reported in a letter to Richard Owen, 26 March 1848 …
  • … and mounting his specimens is well demonstrated by a letter he wrote to Charles Spence Bate, 13 …
  • … Informing Darwin about the award ( Correspondence vol. 5, letter from J. D. Hooker, [4 November …
  • … it was empirically invalid ( Calendar nos. 2118 and 2119, letter to T. H. Huxley, 5 July [1857] …
  • … ^9^ CD discussed his conception of archetype in a letter to Huxley, 23 April [1853] ( …
  • … different sub-orders of the order Acrothoracica.   ^12^ The significance which CD ascribed to …