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To T. H. Huxley   22 December [1866]

Summary

First impressions of Haeckel’s Generelle morphologie.

Has received THH’s [Lessons in elementary] Physiology [1866]

and reread Man’s place.

Asks THH to read revised "Hybridism" chapter in new edition of Origin. Hopes it will change THH’s view.

Convinced of P. S. Pallas’ view of loss of sterility under domestication.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  22 Dec [1866]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 196)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5315

Matches: 4 hits

  • … letter to Fritz Müller, 23 May 1866 ; see letters from Fritz Müller , 2 August 1866 , 1  …
  • … Generelle Morphologie ( Haeckel 1866 ), sent to CD (see letter from Ernst Haeckel, 19  …
  • … point’ in favour of CD (see letter from Asa Gray, 10 October 1866  and n.  7). Müller had …
  • 1866 ) and Evidence as to man’s place in nature ( T.  H.  Huxley 1863a ). CD’s annotated copy of T.  H.  Huxley 1863a is in the Darwin Library–CUL (see Marginalia 1: 424). For CD’s original criticism, see Correspondence vol.  11, letter

From James Shaw   19 April 1866

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Summary

Anecdotes about appreciation of beauty by animals.

Author:  James Shaw
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 Apr 1866
Classmark:  DAR 84.1: 10–13
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5060

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Samuelson, 8 April 1866 , and the letter from A.  R.  Wallace, 2 July 1866 . The portrait, …
  • … See letter to James Shaw, 11 February [1866] . CD had asked Shaw for information about …
  • … Shaw 1866a ; see letter from James Shaw, [6–10 February 1866] ). The reference is to …
  • … Dumfriesshire. See also letter from James Shaw, [6–10 February 1866] and n.  10. Catherine …
  • … further identified. See letter to James Shaw, 11 February [1866] . Shaw alludes to CD’s …
  • … refers to Anon.  1866. For further discussion of the review, see the letter from James …

To Charles Pritchard   12 October [1866]

Summary

Responds to CP’s sermon. Corrects CP’s confusion of what CD said about eyes of the Articulata with human eye,

and questions applicability of CP’s mathematical arguments about length of geological time needed for evolution.

Agrees he was foolish about the Wealden, now struck from later editions [Origin, pp. 285–7].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Pritchard
Date:  12 Oct [1866]
Classmark:  A. Pritchard comp. 1897, p. 93
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5240

Matches: 4 hits

  • … to C.  Pritchard 1866 (see letter from Charles Pritchard, 8 October 1866  and n.  1). …
  • … this letter and the letter from Charles Pritchard, 8 October 1866 . The reference is …
  • … was constantly increasing (see letter to Charles Lyell, 12 October [1866] and n.  8). The …
  • … was headmaster there (see letter from Charles Pritchard, 8 October 1866 and n.  5). In …

From George Henslow   [13 or 14 June 1866]

Summary

Thanks for criticism of proofs of his paper [see 5117].

Not sure whether CD believes in reversion and would like a positive statement as this is the one point C. V. Naudin especially observed. Naudin offers his remarks on ovules as a matter to be proved ["Nouvelles recherches sur l’hybridité", Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 1 (1865): 25–176].

Author:  George Henslow
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [13 or 14] June 1866
Classmark:  DAR 166: 158
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5120

Matches: 5 hits

  • … this letter and the letters to George Henslow , 12 June [1866] and 15 [June 1866] . CD …
  • … for Henslow 1866b ; see letter to George Henslow, 12 June [1866] . In a brief discussion …
  • … pp.  1–9 (see Henslow 1866b , pp.  310–11). See letter to George Henslow, 12 June [1866] . …
  • … See letter to George Henslow, 12 June [1866] , and n.  4. …
  • letter to M.  E.  Wichura, 3 February [1865] ). Henslow quoted from Miles Joseph Berkeley’s translation of Naudin 1864 , which appeared in the Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society for January 1866, …

From J. D. Hooker   6 April 1864

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Summary

J. H. Balfour gives Scott excellent character reference, but says he is unfit either to superintend or be subordinate.

Herbert Spencer’s review of J. M. Schleiden is interesting [see 4457].

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Apr 1864
Classmark:  DAR 101: 204–5; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Directors’ Correspondence English letters Balfour 1866–1900 vol. 78: 311)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4452

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Directors’ Correspondence English letters Balfour 1866–1900 vol.  78: 311) Joseph Dalton …

From J. D. Hooker   28 September 1866

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Summary

Drosera and Erica massoni have been sent.

Had heard of Agassiz’s theory but not that CD’s theory had raised it.

JDH wrote the article on A. Murray.

Frankland’s lecture too much for him.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  28 Sept 1866
Classmark:  DAR 102: 106–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5222

Matches: 9 hits

  • … meeting at Nottingham in August 1866 (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 25 September [1866] …
  • … his discussion of cross-pollination in peas in his letter to Hooker of 2 October [1866] . …
  • … 7; see also letter to Charles Lyell, 8[–9] September [1866] and n.  6). CD had speculated …
  • … of Great Britain ( Frankland 1866 ). See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 25 September [1866] and …
  • … of Drosera binata (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 25 September [1866] and nn.  4 and 5). CD …
  • … CD’s theory of transmutation (see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 25 September [1866] and n.   …
  • … Tylden Masters (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 25 September [1866] and n.  8). Hooker …
  • 1866 at the meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in Nottingham (see letter
  • … in the Athenæum (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 25 September [1866] and n.  11). Hooker …

To Lucy Caroline Wedgwood   [before 25 September 1866]

Summary

Asks her to see whether the flowers or leaves of Erica massoni are noted as glutinous in the Botanical Magazine.

Inquires about the pods of peony: are they brilliantly coloured and do birds eat them?

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Lucy Caroline Wedgwood; Lucy Caroline Harrison
Date:  [before 25 Sept 1866]
Classmark:  CUL (Add 4251: 336)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5203

Matches: 5 hits

  • … day after he received Müller’s letter of 2 August 1866 (he wrote to Müller that he had ‘ …
  • … between this letter and the letter to Fritz Müller, 25 September [1866] (see n.   …
  • … In the letter to Fritz Müller, 25 September [1866] , CD mentioned that he received peony …
  • … 3, below), and the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 25 September [1866] (see n.  2, below). By  …
  • … of E.  massoni with those of Drosera (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 25 September [1866] ). …

From Thomas Rivers   17 May 1866

Summary

Will be sure to send the Cytisus and Laburnum blooms when they flower.

Author:  Thomas Rivers
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 May 1866
Classmark:  DAR 176: 165
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5094

Matches: 5 hits

  • … produced at the junction of stock and graft (see letter to Asa Gray, 16 April [1866] ). …
  • … See letter to Thomas Rivers, 27 April [1866] . CD had requested that Rivers send him …
  • … CD’s interest in Cytisus , see the letter to Robert Caspary, 21 February [1866] and n.   …
  • … 2, and the letter from Robert Caspary, 25 February 1866  and nn.  4 and 9. Wisteria …
  • … E.  Gray, 9 April 1866 ); however, CD evidently declined (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, …

From W. E. Darwin   [26–8 June 1866]

Summary

He has had a great struggle with Buckthorn, and would like CD to see the measurements some time.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [26–8 June 1866]
Classmark:  Cornford Family Papers (DAR 275: 28)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5136F

Matches: 3 hits

  • … the letter from W. E. Darwin, [23 June 1866] , and the letter from W. E. Darwin, 29 June [ …
  • … of the flower (see Correspondence vol. 14, letter from W. E. Darwin, 29 June [1866] ). …
  • … Isle of Wight on 26 June 1866 (see Correspondence vol. 14, letter from W. E. Darwin, [23 …

To W. B. Tegetmeier   9 July [1866]

Summary

WBT’s fowls’ skulls are being engraved; will see pigeon illustration proofs when he can.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  9 July [1866]
Classmark:  Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5152

Matches: 7 hits

  • … in a missing portion of his letter of 4 July 1866 . CD had suggested an experiment on the …
  • … this letter and the letter from W.  B.  Tegetmeier, 4 July 1866 . See letter from W.  B.   …
  • … poultry book , see the letter from W.  B.  Tegetmeier, 22 January [1866] and nn.  11 and …
  • … Frederick William Zurhorst . See letter from W.  B. Tegetmeier, 22 January [1866] and n.   …
  • … 9. See also letter from W.  B.  Tegetmeier, 10 December [1866] . The article by Richard …
  • … Tegetmeier 1867 , pp.  154–8. See letter from W.  B.  Tegetmeier, 4 July 1866 and n.  4. …
  • 1866  and nn.  1 and 3. Chapter 5 of Variation contained six engravings of pigeon skulls (pp.  163–7). The drawings were made by Luke Wells, and the engraving was done by the firm of Butterworth and Heath (see Correspondence vol.  13, letter

From J. E. Gray   9 April 1866

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Summary

Invites CD to dine and meet Alphonse de Candolle.

Author:  John Edward Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 Apr 1866
Classmark:  DAR 165: 210
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5052

Matches: 1 hit

  • … letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 16 May [1866] , and letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 3 June  …

From John Murray   25 May [1866]

Summary

Printing [of 4th edition of Origin] nearly complete. Will print 1000 copies which, at present rate of sale, may last three to five years.

Author:  John Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 May [1866]
Classmark:  DAR 171: 334
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5099

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 1866  and n.  3. CD’s annotations were made for his letter to John Murray, 28 May [1866] . …
  • … Circular 1866). See also letter from John Murray, 30 May [1866] . CD attended a …
  • … Society on 28 April 1866 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, …

To B. D. Walsh   [19] April [1866]

Summary

CD has followed Lyell’s advice and avoided controversy over Origin but encourages BDW to attack S. H. Scudder and others who argue foolishly or misquote him.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Benjamin Dann Walsh
Date:  [19] Apr [1866]
Classmark:  Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (Walsh 7)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5061

Matches: 9 hits

  • … book was not published until November 1866 (see letter from John Murray, 18 July [1866] ). …
  • … CD evidently misdated the letter: the cover is postmarked 19 April 1866. CD refers to the …
  • … in February (see letter to John Murray, 22 February [1866] ). CD added two references to …
  • … of Origin in 1860, see the letter to Asa Gray, 16 April [1866] and n.  11. CD considerably …
  • … refers to George Howard Darwin . See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [16 April 1866] and n.  3. …
  • … Russel Wallace (see letter from B.  D.  Walsh, 13 March 1866) . Walsh had observed four …
  • … 1959, pp.  64–6). See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 31 May [1866] and n.  11. CD quotes from …
  • … in CD’s copy. See letter from B.  D.  Walsh, 13 March 1866  and n.  8. CD had received …
  • 1866 , pp.  26–7). Walsh concluded: ‘A theory must be strong indeed, when, as would seem from the practice of certain Naturalists, it can only be refuted by misstating it. ’ Charles Lyell . Following long periods of illness in 1864 and 1865, CD began to report improvement in his health in September 1865 (see Correspondence vol.  12, and Correspondence vol.  13, letter

To J. V. Carus   10 November 1866

Summary

Expresses gratification that JVC is to undertake new translation and revision of German edition of the Origin.

Has heard many complaints about Bronn’s translation. JVC would be justified in omitting Bronn’s appendix.

Suggests additions and changes, including reference to C. W. v. Nägeli’s Entstehung und Begriff [1865], though he disagrees with it.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Julius Victor Carus
Date:  10 Nov 1866
Classmark:  Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Slg. Darmstaedter Lc 1859: Darwin, Charles, Bl. 1–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5273

Matches: 6 hits

  • … from Rudolf Suchsland, 2 April 1866 , and the letter from Rudolf Oldenbourg, 28 October  …
  • … trans.  1863), see the letter from Rudolf Suchsland, 16 March 1866 , the enclosure to the …
  • … Nov 10 th . 1866 My dear Sir I thank you for your extremely kind letter. I cannot express …
  • … See letter from J.  V.  Carus, 7 November 1866 . For criticisms of Heinrich Georg Bronn’s …
  • … Carus’s) own views (see letter from J.  V.  Carus, 7 November 1866  and n.  4). In the new …
  • … and Nägeli 1865 (see letter to C.  W.  von Nägeli, 12 June [1866] and nn.  2, 4, 7–10). In …

From W. E. Darwin   29 June [1866]

Summary

Sends flowers of the differing kinds [of Rhamnus?] with observations.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 June [1866]
Classmark:  DAR 109: A78–9, A47–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5134

Matches: 8 hits

  • … William to look for gradations in his letters of 22 June [1866] and [24 June 1866]. CD had …
  • … the letter to W.  E.  Darwin, [24 June 1866] . In the letter to W.  E.  Darwin, [24 June  …
  • … may once have been dimorphic (see letter from W.  E.  Darwin, 20 June [1866] ). CD had …
  • … had been unwell. See letter from W.  E.  Darwin, [23 June 1866] and n.  5. The diagrams …
  • … and female forms (see letter to W.  E.  Darwin, 19 [June 1866] ). He later suggested that …
  • … unisexual forms (see letter to W.  E. Darwin, 22 June [1866] ). See enclosure. In Forms of …
  • … them as cuttings (see letters to W.  E.  Darwin, [24 June 1866] and 30 [June 1866] ). The …
  • … Alum. Cantab. ). See letter to W.  E.  Darwin, 19 [ June 1866] and n.  7. According to …

To A. R. Wallace   [6 February 1866]

Summary

ARW’s simple explanation of dimorphic forms is satisfactory.

On "non-blending" of certain varieties, CD thinks ARW has not understood him. He does not refer to fertility. He crossed two differently coloured varieties of peas and "got both varieties perfect, but none intermediate". Something like this must occur in ARW’s butterflies.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:  [6 Feb 1866]
Classmark:  The British Library (Add 46434, f. 64)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4989

Matches: 8 hits

  • … 16 April 1864, pp.  491–3). See letter from A.  R.  Wallace, 4 February 1866  and n.  7. …
  • … In his letter to Wallace of 22 January 1866 , CD had mentioned that he knew of a good many …
  • … and this volume, letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle , [before 11 August 1866]. CD refers to …
  • … this letter and the letter from A.  R.  Wallace, 4 February 1866 . In 1866, the first …
  • … reference is to the letter to A.  R.  Wallace, 22 January 1866 , in which CD asked about …
  • … species of butterfly (see letter to A.  R.  Wallace, 22 January 1866 and nn.  4–6). In his …
  • … by mimicry of protected species (see letter from A.  R.  Wallace, 4 February 1866 ). …
  • … not new species (see letter from A.  R.  Wallace, 4 February 1866  and n.  5). For more on …

To J. D. Hooker   [31 May 1866]

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Summary

No enclosure in JDH’s last letter.

Would like to be amused "for my stomach & the whole Universe is this day demoniacal in my eyes".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  [31 May 1866]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 290a
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5107

Matches: 2 hits

  • … between this letter and the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 31 May [1866] . Letter to J.  D.   …
  • … Hooker, 31 May [1866] . Letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 29 May 1866 . …

From J. D. Hooker   31 July 1866

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Summary

Questions for his lecture on "Insular floras".

Comments on CD’s criticism of Atlantis. Has no fixed opinion on continental extensions. Great objections to hypotheses of CD and Forbes: botanical to CD’s; geological to Forbes’s. Will point out that natural selection is necessary to both hypotheses.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  31 July 1866
Classmark:  DAR 102: 81–6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5168

Matches: 11 hits

  • … pp.  50–1, 75). See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [24 July 1866] , and letter to J.  D.   …
  • … from J.  D.  Hooker, [24 July 1866] , and the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 July [1866] . …
  • … 1976 ). CD’s annotations are notes for his letter to Hooker of 3 and 4 August [1866] . …
  • … transport: see letter to Charles Lyell, 15 February [1866] , n.  6. The reference is to …
  • … Hooker, 30 July [1866] . See letter to J.  D.   …
  • … had asked Hooker (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 July [1866] and n.  16). CD was writing …
  • … Origin , p.  392 (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 July [1866] and n.  9). In his lecture …
  • … de Candolle 1855 , 1: 527–32. Letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 July [1866] . CD and Hooker had …
  • … flora of Europe (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 July [1866] and n.  10). Hooker refers …
  • … also Origin , pp.  402–3. See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 July [1866] . Macaronesia is a …
  • 1866] and n.  12. The absence of alpine and subalpine plants in Madeira had been discussed in the letter

To Thomas Belt   15 January [1867]

Summary

Comments on MS on seed distribution sent by TB.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Belt
Date:  15 Jan [1867]
Classmark:  DAR 143: 76
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5364

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Müller, 1 December 1866 , and this volume, letter from Fritz Müller, 1 January 1867 . …
  • … Brazil); see Correspondence vol.  14, letters from Fritz Müller , 2 August 1866 , and 1  …
  • … and 3 October 1866 . See also Correspondence vol.  14, letter from Fritz …

From J. D. Hooker   [24 July 1866]

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Summary

Working on "Insular floras" lecture for BAAS Nottingham meeting [see 5135].

Puzzled at distribution of Madeiran and Canaries plants and insects.

Supports Forbes’s Atlantis hypothesis [see 956], which he has reread and to which he will allude.

Wollaston disappointing on Madeiran insects.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [24 July 1866]
Classmark:  DAR 205.2 (letters): 239
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5165

Matches: 9 hits

  • … DAR 205.2 (letters): 239 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew [24 July 1866] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … to be held at Nottingham in August 1866 (see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 16 January 1866   …
  • … from J.  D.  Hooker, 13 May 1866  and n.  13, and letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 16 May [1866] …
  • … between this letter and the letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 21 [July 1866] and 30 July [1866] . …
  • … for identification (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 21 [July 1866] and n.  1). Hooker refers …
  • … pilosus , blue lupin; see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 21 [July 1866] ). Hooker was preparing …
  • … the lecture, see the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [28 August] 1866 , n.  3. The full text …
  • … Mediterranean (see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 31 July 1866 ). In his lecture on insular …
  • … of Madeira. See also letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 13 May 1866 . In his studies of beetles …
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Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest

Summary

The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of  Origin. Darwin got the fourth…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom , published on 10 November …

Beauty and the seed

Summary

One of the real pleasures afforded in reading Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the discovery of areas of research on which he never published, but which interested him deeply. We can gain many insights about Darwin’s research methods by following these …

Matches: 1 hits

  • … One of the real pleasures afforded in reading Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the discovery of …

Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters

Summary

On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were …

Was Darwin an ecologist?

Summary

One of the most fascinating aspects of Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the extent to which the experiments he performed at his home in Down, in the English county of Kent, seem to prefigure modern scientific work in ecology.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … I gave two seeds to a confounded old cock, but his gizzard ground them up; at least I cd. not …

Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions

Summary

Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Design | Personal Belief | Beauty | The Church Perhaps the most notorious …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific …

Survival of the fittest: the trouble with terminology Part II

Summary

The most forceful and persistent critic of the term ‘natural selection’ was the co-discoverer of the process itself, Alfred Russel Wallace.  Wallace seized on Herbert Spencer’s term ‘survival of the fittest’, explicitly introduced as an alternative way of…

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  • …   This term is the plain expression of the facts,—Nat. selection is a metaphorical …

Bartholomew James Sulivan

Summary

On Christmas Day 1866, Bartholomew Sulivan sat down to write a typically long and chatty letter to his old friend, Charles Darwin, commiserating on shared ill-health, glorying in the achievements of their children, offering to collect plant specimens, and…

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  • … On Christmas Day 1866, Bartholomew Sulivan sat down to write a typically long and chatty letter to …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

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  • … Observers |  Fieldwork |  Experimentation |  Editors and critics  |  Assistants …

Darwin and vivisection

Summary

Darwin played an important role in the controversy over vivisection that broke out in late 1874. Public debate was sparked when the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals brought an unsuccessful prosecution against a French physiologist who…

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  • … Darwin played an important role in the controversy over vivisection that broke out in late 1874. …

Scientific Practice

Summary

Specialism|Experiment|Microscopes|Collecting|Theory Letter writing is often seen as a part of scientific communication, rather than as integral to knowledge making. This section shows how correspondence could help to shape the practice of science, from…

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  • … Specialism | Experiment | Microscopes | Collecting | Theory Letter writing …

3.10 Ernest Edwards, 'Men of Eminence'

Summary

< Back to Introduction In 1865 Darwin was invited to feature in another series of published photographs, Portraits of Men of Eminence in Literature, Science and Art, with Biographical Memoirs . . . The Photographs from Life by Ernest Edwards, B.A.…

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  • … < Back to Introduction In 1865 Darwin was invited to feature in another series of …

Darwin in letters, 1867: A civilised dispute

Summary

Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, The variation of animals and plants under domestication (Variation). The importance of Darwin’s network of correspondents becomes vividly apparent in his work on expression in…

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  • …   Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work,  The …

John Murray

Summary

Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…

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  • … Darwin's most famous book  On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin)  was …

Science, Work and Manliness

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters In 1859, popular didactic writer William Landels published the first edition of what proved to be one of his best-selling works, How Men Are Made. "It is by work, work, work" he told his middle class audience, …

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  • … Discussion Questions | Letters In 1859, popular didactic writer William Landels …

Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

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  • … At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  …

'An Appeal' against animal cruelty

Summary

The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The pamphlet, which protested against the cruelty of steel vermin…

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  • … The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma …

Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

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  • … In 1865, the chief work on Charles Darwin’s mind was the writing of  The variation of animals and …
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