To J. D. Hooker 3 January [1860]
Summary
High praise and detailed comments on JDH’s introductory essay to Flora Tasmaniae, which CD has now finished reading.
Disagrees on power of transoceanic migration. Advocates glacial transport of plants.
CD’s response to reviews of Origin in Saturday Review [8 (1859): 775–6] and John Lindley’s in Gardeners’ Chronicle [but see 2651].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 3 Jan [1860] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 1 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2635 |
Matches: 7 hits
- … northern plants migrated south through the tropics, a view set out in detail in Origin , …
- … European species having migrated through the tropics to Australia in Hooker 1859 , pp. …
- … of the coexistence of at least forms of Tropics & Temperate regions. I can give parallel …
- … which of these genera are absent in Tropics of world, ie confined to Temperate regions. — …
- … Tropical plants formed in big area & fitted for Tropics & not for temperate parts have …
- … almost exterminated Australian Flora of Tropics. —’ In his essay ( Hooker 1859 , p. l), …
- … of these genera are not found in lowland Tropics & include species representative of those …
To J. D. Hooker 18 March [1861]
Summary
Argument, based on geographical distribution and competition, for a mundane glacial period rather than cooling of one longitudinal belt at a time.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 18 Mar [1861] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 90 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3091 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … either from north or south, till the Tropics became slightly cooled, and a few temperate …
- … exterminate the productions of the cooled Tropics; but would become partially mingled with …
- … slowly coming on and the plants under the tropics travelling towards the equator; and it …
- … countries immediately north of the northern tropic were at the same time warmer, so as to …
To J. D. Hooker 25 December [1844]
Summary
Questions on JDH’s sketch comparing floras of Australia, New Zealand, and western S. America; wishes to know botanical relations between other southern islands. Botanico-geographical discussions and comments on books sent by JDH.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 25 Dec [1844] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 24 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-803 |
To J. D. Hooker 15 November [1856]
Summary
CD finds JDH’s objections to a mundane cold period significant, and he endeavours to show how they do not rule out mutability.
He is writing on crossing.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 15 Nov [1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 182 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1989 |
To J. D. Hooker [14 November 1858]
Summary
An enclosure sent with the letter to JDH, 14 November [1858] (Correspondence vol. 7) - questions and comments on lists of European species found in south-west Australia and Tasmania, and European genera found in Australia.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | [14 Nov 1858] |
Classmark: | DAR 50: E55–6 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2361F |
To J. D. Hooker 19 January [1865]
Summary
"Climbing plants" sent off.
Encourages JDH to include notes on gradation of important characters in Genera plantarum or to write a paper on the subject. Has given prominence to gradation of unimportant characters in climbing plants. Believes that it is common for the same part in an individual plant to be in different states. Same may be true of important parts – for example position of ovule may differ.
Two articles in last Natural History Review interested him; "Colonial floras" [n.s. 5 (1865): 46–63]
and "Sexuality of cryptogams" [n.s. 5 (1865): 64–79].
Fact of similarity of orders in tropics is extremely curious. Thinks it may be connected with glacial destruction.
Leo Lesquereux says he is a convert for the curious reason that CD’s books make birth of Christ and redemption by grace so clear to him!
"Not one question [for JDH] in this letter!"
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 19 Jan [1865] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 258a–c |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-4748 |
To J. D. Hooker 20 [October 1858]
Summary
Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers [Collected papers 2: 19–25].
JDH’s reactions to CD’s theory.
Discussed human fossil evidence with Hugh Falconer.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 20 [Oct 1858] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 250 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2345 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … to such plants having struggled through Tropics during glacial period. Would you like to …
To J. D. Hooker 17 March [1863]
Summary
Lyell’s Antiquity of man lacks originality.
Statements in Lyell provoke CD to determine exact publication date of Origin and JDH’s introductory essay [to Flora Tasmaniae].
CD now believes in repeated periods of global cooling and migration.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 17 Mar [1863] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 187 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-4048 |
To J. D. Hooker 16 July 1874
Summary
The Acacia must be Belt’s "Bulls’ horns".
The complexity of Utricularia has driven Frank and CD almost mad. Suspects it is necrophagous, i.e., it cannot digest, but absorbs decaying animal matter.
Foster is certainly in error. Every insect that Drosera catches causes aggregation.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 16 July 1874 |
Classmark: | DAR 95: 326–7 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-9550 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … is a genus native to the American tropics. Belt’s book was The naturalist in Nicaragua ( …
To J. D. Hooker 11 March [1859]
Summary
Sends MS [of Origin] on geographical distribution. Wants JDH to correct facts and say what he most vehemently objects to.
Has received JDH’s note on plant embryology.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 11 Mar [1859] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 7 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2429 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … and the migration of northern plants through the tropics during a former cold period. This …
To J. D. Hooker 22 and 28 [October 1865]
Summary
Thinks Royal Society’s failure to honour W. J. Hooker may be due to small number of botanists on Council.
Interest in H. J. Carter’s papers in Annals and Magazine of Natural History on lower organisms.
On Wallace; anthropology.
H. H. Travers’ paper on Chatham Islands [J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. 9 (1865): 135–44].
W. C. Wells’s paper of 1813 ["Essay on dew", Two Essays (1818)] anticipates discovery of natural selection.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 22 and 28 Oct 1865 |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 277 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-4921 |
To J. D. Hooker 5 [July 1856]
Summary
CD cannot swallow continental extensions. Has written to Lyell giving a lengthy criticism of the concept [see 1910] and has asked Lyell to forward the letter to JDH.
Perhaps Aristolochia and Viscum are protandrous.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 5 [July 1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 166 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1918 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … migration of Arctic plants through the tropics to Antarctic regions during a former cold …
To J. D. Hooker 27 [March 1861]
Summary
H. W. Bates’s excellent article against glacial period [Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 5 (1860): 352–3] leaves CD "dumbfounded".
H. C. Watson’s hostility.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 27 [Mar 1861] |
Classmark: | DAR 115.2: 93 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3102 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … response has not been found. The band of the tropics CD mentions would include the area of …
To J. D. Hooker 21 February [1870]
Summary
Has read the notes on Rond [Round] Island which he owes to JDH. What an enigma its flora and fauna present, especially the problem of monocotyledons! Asks JDH’s opinion.
A new book on St Helena confirms CD’s observations.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 21 Feb [1870] |
Classmark: | DAR 94: 164–6 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7115 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … was 12 to 14, the established norms in the tropics being 1 to 5 ( Barkly 1870 , p. 95). …
To J. D. Hooker [17 November 1845]
Summary
Comments on JDH’s Flora Antarctica. CD is delighted with it.
"I can never cease marvelling at the similarity of the Antarctic floras: it is wonderful."
Questions JDH on points raised by the work: absence of alpine flora on southern islands; comparison of climate and floras of Tasmania and New Zealand.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | [17 Nov 1845] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 46 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-927 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … found in the lowland or in the highland Tropics, as far as known. — Out of the very many …
To J. D. Hooker [28 August 1863]
Summary
Admits, at last, that New Zealand must have been connected to some continent, but not Australia.
Climbing plants: asks for more plants.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | [28 Aug 1863] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 205 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-4280 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … palms native to humid forests in the tropics. Few species of palm can be propagated from …
To J. D. Hooker 26 [December 1859]
Summary
High, detailed praise for introductory essay to Flora Tasmaniae [reprinted as On the flora of Australia (1859)]. CD expects it to convert botanists from doctrine of immutable creation.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 26 [Dec 1859] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 33, 30a |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2606 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … work in your notion of certain parts of Tropics having kept hot, whilst other parts were …
To J. D. Hooker [8 September 1844]
Summary
Acknowledges note and parcel for Ehrenberg.
Considers why different areas have different numbers of species. Gives an example opposing JDH’s view that paucity of species results from vicissitudes of climate. CD has concluded that species are most numerous in areas that have most often been divided, isolated from, and then reunited with, other areas. Cannot give detailed reasons but believes that "isolation is the chief concomitant or cause of the appearance of new forms".
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | [8 Sept 1844] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 17 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-776 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … equability is the characteristic of the tropics? The conclusion, which I have come at is, …
To J. D. Hooker 25 February [1862]
Summary
Admires JDH’s paper on Arctic plants ["Distribution of Arctic plants", Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 23 (1862): 251–348]. Such papers compel people to reflect on modification of species;
JDH will be driven to a cooled globe.
Serious erratum in paper.
New and original evidence in case of Greenland. Its flora requires accidental means of transport by ice and currents.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 25 Feb [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 144 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3458 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … of the whole globe, including the tropics, during the glacial period (see Correspondence …
To J. D. Hooker [7 January 1845]
Summary
Sends specimens of a Tertiary sandstone from Tierra del Fuego in which there are leaves; CD thought they were beech. What is JDH’s opinion?
Asks whether JDH can make sense of a note on silicified wood.
Has read Vestiges [of creation (1844)]; "his geology strikes me as bad, & his zoology far worse".
Would like to see lists [of plants] from Society and Sandwich Islands.
Doubts JDH’s information regarding imagination of mother affecting offspring.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | [7 Jan 1845] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 25 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-814 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … with relations to T. del Fuego, the Tropics, & Australia. — I am glad to hear that you …
Alfred Russel Wallace
Summary
Wallace was a leading Victorian naturalist, with wide-ranging interests from biogeography and evolutionary theory to spiritualism and politics. He was born in 1823 in Usk, a small town in south-east Wales, and attended a grammar school in Hertford. At the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … field naturalists of his day, with unsurpassed knowledge on tropic flora, fauna, and native peoples. …
Satire of FitzRoy's Narrative of the Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle, by John Clunies Ross. Transcription by Katharine Anderson
Summary
[f.146r Title page] Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle Supplement / to the 2nd 3rd and Appendix Volumes of the First / Edition Written / for and in the name of the Author of those / Volumes By J.C. Ross. / Sometime Master of a…
Movement in Plants
Summary
The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…
Matches: 1 hits
- … begun to produce aerial roots. Darwin had hoped to study the tropic movements of such roots, but …