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To Ernst Haeckel   26 December 1874

Summary

Comments on review of EH’s Anthropogenie [1874].

Mentions recent work of Huxley and other scientists.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Date:  26 Dec 1874
Classmark:  Ernst-Haeckel-Haus (Bestand A–Abt. 1: 1–52/32)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9781

Matches: 16 hits

  • … To Ernst Haeckel   26 December 1874
  • … 1: 1–52/32) Charles Robert Darwin Down 26 Dec 1874 Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel …
  • … Comments on review of EH’s Anthropogenie [1874]. Mentions recent work of Huxley and other …
  • … See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 20 December 1874 . Haeckel had complained of the reception …
  • … history of humans; Haeckel 1874a ). See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 20 December 1874 . The …
  • … review was in Nature , 5 November 1874, pp.   …
  • … 4–5, 12 November 1874, pp.  22–4. There is a copy of …
  • … in the Darwin Library–Down. See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 20 December 1874  and n.  10. …
  • … before the Linnean Society on 3 December 1874; it was not published until the May 1875  …
  • … it was summarised in Nature , 10 December 1874, pp.  101–2. In the paper, Huxley wrote, ‘ …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Dec 26 1874 My dear Haeckel According to our English fashion, I …
  • … CD refers to Friedrich von Hellwald and Hellwald 1874; see letter from …
  • … Ernst Haeckel, 20 December 1874  and n.  9. …
  • … See letter from Arnold Dodel, 13 December 1874 , and letter to …
  • … Arnold Dodel, 23 December 1874 . See letter from T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 8 December 1874 . For Thomas Henry Huxley’s own letter to Haeckel on the …

From John Tyndall   28 December 1874

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Summary

JT had not known Lady Lubbock was ill. Will try to persuade her [to change physicians]. Agrees Andrew Clark is best.

Hooker has survived his crisis [death of his wife].

St G. J. Mivart’s act is a natural outflow of his character.

Author:  John Tyndall
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  28 Dec 1874
Classmark:  DAR 106: C17–18
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9787

Matches: 13 hits

  • … From John Tyndall   28 December 1874
  • … DAR 106: C17–18 John Tyndall Royal Institution 28 Dec 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … by George Howard Darwin ( G.  H.  Darwin 1873a , [Mivart] 1874 , p.  70). See letters to …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, 14 December 1874 , 22  …
  • … December 1874 , 24  …
  • … December [1874] , and …
  • … 27 December [1874] , and letter and enclosure from T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 23 December 1874. …
  • … the works of John Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor. ] Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 40–77. …
  • … Royal Institution of Great Britain 28. th Dec.  1874. | 11 P.M. My dear Darwin I have just …
  • … See letter to John Tyndall, 27 December 1874 ; CD was concerned about Ellen Frances …
  • … Spottiswoode . The Thursday preceding 28 December 1874 was 24 December. Joseph Dalton …
  • … Harriet Hooker , had died on 13 November 1874 ( Allan 1967 , p.  225). CD, Hooker, and …

From G. H. Darwin   5 December 1874

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Summary

Has finished the "cousin paper" and will offer it to W. Farr for the Statistical Society.

Describes other work in progress.

Has CD heard of A. M. Mayer’s curious work on audition of insects [Am. J. Sci. 3d ser. 8 (1874): 89–103?]

Author:  George Howard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Dec 1874
Classmark:  DAR 210.2: 45
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9743

Matches: 14 hits

  • … From G.  H.  Darwin   5 December 1874
  • … 210.2: 45 George Howard Darwin Trinity College, Cambridge 5 Dec 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … refers to Erasmus Alvey Darwin . See n.  2, above, and Mayer 1874–5 , pp.  377–8. …
  • … M. Mayer’s curious work on audition of insects [ Am. J. Sci. 3d ser. 8 (1874): 89–103? ] …
  • … and New York: Macmillan. Mayer, Alfred Marshall. 1874–5. Researches in acoustics. —No. …
  • … V. Philosophical Magazine 4th ser. 48 (1874): 266–274, 371–85, 445–52; (1875) 513–25. …
  • … the Statistical Society of London 37 (1874)), and Ebenezer Norman , the Down schoolmaster, …
  • … Researches in acoustics. —No. V’ ( Mayer 1874–5 ), and on p.  385 announced his intention …
  • … spent some time in the Lake District in September 1874 ( letter from Emma Darwin to H.   …
  • … E.  Litchfield, 16 September [1874] (DAR 219.9: 117)). Harriet Ann Jevons . Henry and …
  • … were in London from 3 to 12 December 1874 (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). George also …
  • … of the series appeared in the November 1874 issue of Philosophical Magazine ; the other …
  • … letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 18 October 1874 ), and had it copied by Norman in early …
  • … letter from G.  H.  Darwin, [8 November 1874] . He refers to the Contemporary Review . No …

To John Fiske   8 December [1874]

Summary

Praises JF’s book [Cosmic philosophy (1874)].

Has long wished to understand H. Spencer but is not convinced by him and some others. CD cannot trust deduction from a starting principle, as his mind is so fixed by the inductive method.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Fiske
Date:  8 Dec [1874]
Classmark:  The Huntington Library (FK 1110–1112)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9749

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To John Fiske   8 December [1874] …
  • … Charles Robert Darwin London, Bryanston St, 2 Down letterhead 8 Dec [1874] John Fiske …
  • … ibid. , p.  431). Descent 2d ed.  was published in November 1874 ( letter from R.   …
  • … F.  Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). …
  • … Praises JF’s book [ Cosmic philosophy (1874)]. Has long wished to understand H. Spencer …
  • … in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Fiske, …
  • … John. 1874. Outlines of cosmic philosophy: based on the doctrine of evolution, with …
  • … this letter and the letter to John Fiske, 3 November 1874 . Fiske had sent CD a copy of …
  • … of cosmic philosophy based on the doctrine of evolution ( Fiske 1874 ; see letter to …
  • … John Fiske, 3 November 1874 ). In his book, Fiske aimed to show that there was no conflict …
  • … with anthropomorphic theism ( Fiske 1874 , 1: xi, 162–87, 2: 381–431; for causation, see …
  • … 1: 146–61). Fiske wrote ( Fiske 1874 , 1: 184): Cosmism … assigns to religion the same …
  • … See ‘The beginnings of life’, Fiske 1874 , 1: 418–37. Fiske wrote, ‘the mere consolidation …

To J. D. Hooker   27 December [1874]

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Summary

Has not heard from Mivart. He is not so good a Christian as JDH and cannot forgive a man for malicious lying merely because he says he is sorry. Does not think Mivart will apologise. Still thinks the simple, most manly thing, is to write to Mivart directly and tell him what he thinks of him.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  27 Dec [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 95: 360–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9785

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   27 December [1874] …
  • … DAR 95: 360–2 Charles Robert Darwin Down 27 Dec [1874] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … s letter to Huxley was dated 20 December 1874 (see Appendix V). Law: indulgence, mercy ( …
  • … Frances Harriet Hooker , died on 13 November 1874 ( Allan 1967 , p.  225). Mivart had …
  • … been misrepresented ( Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 588–9). Richard Buckley Litchfield was …
  • … Burnett Tylor. ] Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 40–77. OED : The Oxford English dictionary. …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [26 December 1874] ). Hooker, Thomas Henry Huxley , and CD had …
  • … Darwin’s article on marriage ( [Mivart] 1874 , p.  70; G.  H.  Darwin 1873a ). Huxley had …
  • … CD (see enclosure to letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 , and letter from T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 23 December 1874 ). Huxley had …
  • … sent a message to Mivart on 18 December 1874 (see enclosure to letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 ); on …
  • … 23 December 1874, Huxley wrote to CD that he had received a letter from Mivart, and …

To Henry Sidgwick   19 December 1874

Summary

Thanks for his Methods of ethics [1874].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Henry Sidgwick
Date:  19 Dec 1874
Classmark:  Joseph R. Sakmyster, ADS Autographs (dealer) (no date)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9765F

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To Henry Sidgwick   19 December 1874
  • … Thanks for his Methods of ethics [1874]. …
  • … Bibliography Sidgwick, Henry. 1874. The methods of ethics. London: Macmillan and Co. …
  • … ADS Autographs (dealer) (no date) Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 Dec 1874 Henry Sidgwick …
  • … is a copy of Sidgwick’s Methods of ethics ( Sidgwick 1874 ) in the Darwin Library–Down. …

From Ernst Haeckel   20 December 1874

Summary

Discusses his Anthropogenie [1874]. Remarks on the tables.

Has CD received Friedrich von Hellwald’s Culturgeschichte [1875]?

Plans research trip to the Mediterranean.

Author:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Dec 1874
Classmark:  DAR 166: 63
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9767

Matches: 13 hits

  • … From Ernst Haeckel    20 December 1874
  • … DAR 166: 63 Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel Jena 20 Dec 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Discusses his Anthropogenie [1874]. Remarks on the tables. Has CD received Friedrich von …
  • … Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Di Gregorio, Mario A. 2005. From here to …
  • … 74 Hochverehrter theurer Freund! Da das Jahr 1874 seinem Ende entgegen geht, erlauben Sie …
  • … by E.  Schweizerbart’sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, from 1874 onwards. Haeckel’ …
  • … in Jenaer Literaturzeitung , 26 December 1874, pp.  820–1. There is a copy of Haeckel’s …
  • … 1873 and n.  7. CD’s annotations are notes for his letter to Haeckel of 26 December 1874 . …
  • … Most esteemed dear friend! As the year of 1874 is coming to a close, allow me to send you …
  • … in the Darwin Library–Down. Wilhelm Engelmann . Saturday Review , 17 October 1874, pp.   …
  • … 514–15, and Nature , 5 November 1874, pp.   …
  • … 4–5, 12 November 1874, pp.  22–4. The review in Nature was by the physician Philip Henry …
  • … development to the present; Hellwald 1874) in CD’s libraries at CUL or Down. Haeckel did, …

From Asa Gray   11 December 1874

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Summary

Cannot help with Pinguicula or Utricularia. Mrs Mary Treat is studying Utricularia.

Forwards his short piece on duration of varieties [New York Tribune 8 Dec 1874; Am. J. Sci. 3d ser. 9 (1875): 109–14].

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Dec 1874
Classmark:  DAR 165: 187
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9753

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From Asa Gray   11 December 1874
  • … DAR 165: 187 Asa Gray Botanic Garden, Cambridge, Mass. 11 Dec 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of varieties [ New York Tribune 8 Dec 1874; Am. J. Sci. 3d ser. 9 (1875): 109–14]. …
  • … Dalton Hooker’s wife, died on 13 November 1874 ( Allan 1967 , p.  225). There is a lightly …
  • … Botanic Garden, Cambridge, Mass. Dec.  11 1874. My Dear Darwin, I must be owing you an …
  • … CD’s last letters to Gray were those of 25 June 1874 and …
  • … 30 June [1874]; CD asked Gray about Pinguicula (butterwort) in both letters. No letter has …
  • … See letter from Mary Treat, 2 December 1874 . CD published his work on Drosera (sundew) …

To T. H. Huxley   22 December [1874]

Summary

Thanks THH and Hooker for defending George Darwin against Mivart’s libel.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  22 Dec [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 145: 273
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9769

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   22 December [1874] …
  • … DAR 145: 273 Charles Robert Darwin Down 22 Dec [1874] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … See enclosure to letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 . See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 . …
  • … the works of John Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor. ] Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 40–77. …
  • … this letter and the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 . See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 . Pro bono publico : for the public good (Latin). Huxley and …
  • … Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor ( [Mivart] 1874 , p.  70). CD refers to ‘Difficulties of …

To J. D. Hooker   22 December 1874

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Summary

Expresses his gratitude to JDH and Huxley in the Mivart affair. Thinks he should write directly to Mivart, if Mivart does not retract.

Would be glad to have another Drosophyllum.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  22 Dec 1874
Classmark:  DAR 95: 354–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9770

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   22 December 1874
  • … DAR 95: 354–5 Charles Robert Darwin Down 22 Dec 1874 Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … the works of John Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor. ] Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 40–77. …
  • … Jackson Mivart in the Quarterly Review ( [Mivart] 1874 , p.  70). See, for example, letter …
  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, 14 December 1874 . See letter to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 22 December [1874] ; see also letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 . Huxley had sent a message to Mivart via William Walter …
  • … see enclosure to letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 ). See also letter to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 22 December [1874] and n.  3. John Murray was the publisher of the Quarterly …
  • … See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 . CD discussed the tentacles and sessile …

From T. H. Huxley   8 December 1874

Summary

K. G. Semper’s article ["On the relationship of the Vertebrata and Annelida", Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 15 (1875): 94–5] is ill-natured. Misinterprets facts already discovered by F. M. Balfour.

Has been working on Amphioxus. Puts his theory of vertebrate skulls on firm footing at last.

Author:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  8 Dec 1874
Classmark:  DAR 103: 234–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9748

Matches: 12 hits

  • … From T.  H.  Huxley   8 December 1874
  • … 234–5 Thomas Henry Huxley London, Marlborough Place, 4 8 Dec 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Bibliography Balfour, Francis Maitland. 1874. A preliminary account of the development of …
  • … 4 Marlborough Place | NW Dec.  8 th 1874 My dear Darwin Best thanks for Semper    It is an …
  • … vertebrates and annelids ( Semper 1874 ), a copy of which is in the Darwin Pamphlet …
  • … for the Advancement of Science in September 1874 and published in the Quarterly …
  • … which retained holoblastic ova ( Balfour 1874 , p.  337). Ernst Haeckel had maintained …
  • … Journal of Microscopical Science ( Balfour 1874 ). Both Semper and Balfour described …
  • … the segmented tubules of the kidney in the shark embryo ( Balfour 1874 , p.   …
  • … 358, Semper 1874 ). Huxley …
  • … had met CD on Sunday 6 December 1874 (see letter to H.   …
  • … A.  Huxley, 5 December 1874 ). Huxley’s first publication on the vertebrate skull was T.   …

From J. D. Hooker   [26 December 1874]

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Summary

Has gone over Huxley’s letter, thinks it a model. All must now await developments. If Mivart does not apologise, JDH will write to him.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [26 Dec 1874]
Classmark:  DAR 103: 241–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9780

Matches: 11 hits

  • … From J.  D.  Hooker   [26 December 1874] …
  • … DAR 103: 241–2 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew [26 Dec 1874] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … the works of John Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor. ] Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 40–77. …
  • … relationship between this letter and the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 24 December [1874] . …
  • … In 1874, the Saturday after 24 December was 26 December. See letter …
  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, 24 December [1874] . CD had sent Hooker the letter and enclosure from …
  • … T.  H.  Huxley, 23 December 1874. Hooker and Thomas Henry Huxley were discussing with CD …
  • … letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 27 December [1874] ). Asa and Jane Loring Gray were in Europe …
  • … Howard Darwin’s article on marriage ( [Mivart] 1874 , p.  70; G.  H.  Darwin 1873a ). …
  • … See letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 23 December 1874 . Robert Cary Barnard (Major Barnard) was …
  • … was aged 12. Frances died on 13 November 1874 ( Allan 1967 , p.  225). Hooker also refers …

From J. D. Hooker   21 December 1874

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Summary

His view of Huxley’s cutting Mivart without explanation. States his own intentions. Mivart’s apology in October Quarterly Review is abominable.

Has heard of a Drosophyllum in Edinburgh. Is it too late?

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 Dec 1874
Classmark:  DAR 103: 236–8; Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Dawson 2.214)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9768

Matches: 13 hits

  • … From J.  D.  Hooker   21 December 1874
  • … Archives (Dawson 2.214) Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew 21 Dec 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Burnett Tylor. ] Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 40–77. ODNB : Oxford dictionary of national …
  • … of works by John Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor ( [Mivart] 1874 , p.  70). See letter to …
  • … G.  H.  Darwin, [6 December 1874] . Huxley sent a verbal message to Mivart via William …
  • … of public works (see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 8 December 1874 ). See letter from T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 8 December 1874 . Huxley’s paper ( T.  H.   …
  • … Royal Society of London on 17 December 1874. William Smith was the editor of the Quarterly …
  • … the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 14 December 1874 . The letter was never sent. Hooker refers …
  • … October issue of Quarterly Review (137 (1874): 587–8), followed by an anonymous rejoinder …
  • … see letter to David Moore, 12 July 1874 ). Hooker refers to the Royal Botanic Garden, …
  • … letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 2 December [1874] ). Lord H y : Henry Gordon-Lennox , the first …
  • … Amphioxus was foot of page excised Dec 19. 1874 My dear Hooker I had no opportunity of …

To T. H. Huxley   24 December [1874]

Summary

THH’s letter to Mivart is "tremendous". CD’s feelings and intentions about the matter.

If THH has made out homology of the skull, it is grandest discovery in years.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  24 Dec [1874]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 311)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9776

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   24 December [1874] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 311) Charles Robert Darwin Down 24 Dec [1874] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … D.  Hooker, 24 December [1874] . For CD and Mivart’s correspondence about Mivart 1871a , …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 . Huxley’s paper on the skull of Amphioxus ( …
  • … was read at the Royal Society of London on 17 December 1874. See also letter from T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 8 December 1874  and n.  4. …
  • … and the letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 23 December 1874 . See enclosure to letter from T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 23 December 1874 . Huxley had censured St George Jackson Mivart for failing to …
  • … 1874b, p.  70). See Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 588–9, and Appendix V. See letter to J.   …

To G. H. Darwin   [6 December 1874]

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Summary

Returns historical sketch [of GHD’s "cousin paper"?] with comments. "For Heavens sake put a sentence in some conspicuous place that your results seem to indicate that consanguineous marriage, as far as insanity is concerned, cannot be injurious in any very high degree."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  [6 Dec 1874]
Classmark:  DAR 210.1: 42
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9746

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To G.  H.  Darwin   [6 December 1874] …
  • … 210.1: 42 Charles Robert Darwin London, Bryanston St, 2 [6 Dec 1874] George Howard Darwin …
  • … the relationship between this letter and the letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 5 December 1874 . …
  • … In 1874, the Sunday after 5 December was 6 December. See letter …
  • … from G.  H.  Darwin, 5 December 1874 . CD had presumably read the last part of George’s …
  • … letter to H.  A.  Huxley, [5 December 1874] . St George Jackson Mivart had attacked an …
  • … John Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor in the Quarterly Review ( [Mivart] 1874 , p.  70). …
  • … s response, discussed at length with CD in letters in August 1874, appeared in the October …
  • … issue of Quarterly Review (137 (1874): 587–8), followed by a rejoinder, presumably by …
  • … Burnett Tylor. ] Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 40–77. ODNB : Oxford dictionary of national …
  • … letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 5 December 1874 . Erasmus Alvey Darwin . CD refers to Thomas …

To Theodor Eimer   12 December 1874

Summary

Thanks for work on Lacerta muralis coerulea [Zoologische Studien auf Capri 2 (1874)].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gustav Heinrich Theodor (Theodor) Eimer
Date:  12 Dec 1874
Classmark:  Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9755

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To Theodor Eimer   12 December 1874
  • … Thanks for work on Lacerta muralis coerulea [ Zoologische Studien auf Capri 2 (1874)]. …
  • … with the letter to C. -F.  Reinwald, [12 December 1874] , of which only a draft is extant. …
  • … collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 12 Dec 1874 Gustav Heinrich Theodor (Theodor) Eimer …
  • … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. Dec 12 th 1874 Dear Sir I am greatly obliged to you for the …

From J. D. Hooker   29 December 1874

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Summary

Explains that his letter had to do with how he should act publicly to Mivart if he retracted. He would not forgive him. If he does not retract, it would no longer be possible to keep him Secretary of the Linnean Society.

Drosophyllum will be sent when weather permits.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 Dec 1874
Classmark:  DAR 103: 243–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9788

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From J.  D.  Hooker   29 December 1874
  • … DAR 103: 243–4 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew 29 Dec 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Burnett Tylor. ] Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 40–77. ODNB : Oxford dictionary of national …
  • … See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 27 December [1874] . CD, Hooker, and Thomas Henry Huxley had …
  • … Howard Darwin ( G.  H.  Darwin 1873a , [Mivart] 1874 , p.  70). Assoilzied: absolved ( …
  • … was secretary of the Linnean Society from 1874 until 1880 ( ODNB ). George James Allman …
  • … in the Quarterly Review ( [Mivart] 1874 ). Hooker presumably refers also to Lubbock’s …
  • … Portuguese sundew or dewy pine). See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 21 December 1874 . …

To J. D. Hooker   20 December 1874

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Summary

Asks JDH to help G. J. Romanes, who wishes to try Pangenesis experiment.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  20 Dec 1874
Classmark:  DAR 95: 352–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9766

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   20 December 1874
  • … DAR 95: 352–3 Charles Robert Darwin Down 20 Dec 1874 Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … See letter to G.  J.  Romanes, 16 December 1874 . Romanes studied natural sciences at …
  • … Christian prayer and general laws ( Romanes 1874 ), which won the Burney essay prize in …
  • … 1873 ( letter to G.  J.  Romanes, 16 December 1874  and n.  1). See letter …
  • … to G.  J.  Romanes, 16 December 1874 . …

From J. D. Hooker   [3 December 1874?]

Summary

Probably a discussiion of J. D. Hooker’s feelings after death of his wife, Frances Harriet, on 13 November 1874: the letter is badly damaged.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [3 Dec 1874?]
Classmark:  DAR 166: 263
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9719F

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From J.  D.  Hooker   [3 December 1874? ] …
  • … DAR 166: 263 Joseph Dalton Hooker [3 Dec 1874? ] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … death of his wife, Frances Harriet, on 13 November 1874: the letter is badly damaged. …
  • … D.  Hooker, 2 December [ 1874] ; in fact, he stayed until 12 December, probably due to an …
  • … and the letter to Hooker of 2 December [1874] , and from the apparent references to the …
  • … who had died suddenly on 13 November 1874 ( Allan 1967 , p.  225). Hooker seems to be …
  • … Kew; CD had written that he would be in London from 3 to 10 December 1874 ( letter to J.   …

To Arnold Dodel   27 December 1874

Summary

Thanks AD-P for the copy of his work [see 9756].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Arnold Dodel-Port
Date:  27 Dec 1874
Classmark:  Zentralbibliothek, Zürich (Ms. Z VIII 417.2)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9786

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To Arnold Dodel   27 December 1874
  • … Zürich (Ms. Z VIII 417.2) Charles Robert Darwin Down 27 Dec 1874 Arnold Dodel-Port …
  • … CUL (see Marginalia 1: 203–4). See letter from Arnold Dodel, 13 December 1874 . See …
  • … letter to Arnold Dodel, 23 December 1874 . …
  • … Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R. Dec 27. 1874 Dear Sir I am glad to say that I have …
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Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 23 hits

  • … The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the …
  • … intervals’ ( letter to D. T. Gardner, [ c . 27 August 1874] ). The death of a Cambridge friend, …
  • … and collecting beetles ( letter from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ).  Such reminiscences led Darwin to …
  • … much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). I feel very old & …
  • … old & helpless’  ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] ). Darwin mentioned his poor …
  • … on the matter ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 26 October 1874 ). Séances, psychics, and …
  • … Joseph Dalton Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] ). Later in the month, …
  • … and an imposter’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 27 January 1874 ). Darwin agreed that it was ‘all …
  • … perform his antics’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 29 January [1874] ). This did not stop word getting …
  • … at his home ( letter from T. G. Appleton, 2 April 1874 ). Back over old ground New …
  • … Charles Lyell ( letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 8 January 1874 , letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 …
  • … of correction’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 21 [March 1874] ). The book came out in June with the …
  • … Darwin on this point ( letter from J. D. Dana, 21 July 1874 ); however, he did not retract his …
  • … dog breeders (letters from George Cupples, 21 February 1874 and 12 March 1874 ); the material …
  • … Islands (Hawaii; letters from T. N. Staley, 12 February 1874 and 20 February 1874 ; letters …
  • … islanders ( letter from William Dealtry, 16 January 1874 ). One of the most significant …
  • … enemy into a jelly’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 14 April 1874 ). The technical nature of Huxley’s …
  • … mind where it goes’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 16 April 1874 ). The second edition of  …
  • … would be very good ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). Darwin's son George …
  • … of your thought’ ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 20 April 1874 ). The Mivart affair …
  • … mental and physical disorders (G. H. Darwin 1873b). In July 1874, an anonymous essay appeared in the …
  • … libel’ on his son ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [27 July 1874] ).  George, however, consulted with his …
  • … [a] lying scoundrel’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ). He drafted a brief statement of …

Darwin's 1874 letters go online

Summary

The full transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1874 through his letters and see a full list of the letters. The 1874 letters…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. …
  • … ( Letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ) The Mivart affair highlights …
  • … are some other highlights from Darwin's correspondence in 1874: I feel as old as …
  • … signifying so much.  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) At the age of 65, Darwin …
  • … more quietly was severely tested by some of the events of 1874. He had a clear idea of the shape of …
  • … must be enough for me  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) During the year he …
  • … the positive  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 August [1874] ) – he mourned after several …
  • … day’s work  ( Letter to D. F. Nevill, 18 September [1874] ) Darwin’s family continued …
  • … have to do—  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 November [1874] ) Darwin’s continuing …

St George Jackson Mivart

Summary

In the second half of 1874, Darwin’s peace was disturbed by an anonymous article in the Quarterly Review suggesting that his son George was opposed to the institution of marriage and in favour of ‘unrestrained licentiousness’. Darwin suspected, correctly,…

Matches: 16 hits

  • … In 1874, the Catholic zoologist St George Jackson Mivart caused Darwin and his son …
  • … appeared to have created very little stir, until, in July 1874, Mivart published an anonymous review …
  • … of the Quarterly ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 29 July 1874 ). Darwin hastily advised against …
  • … to wish to circulate ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ). Darwin provided a draft of the …
  • … to endorse them ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 5 August 1874 ). He sent a second draft, which Darwin …
  • … a fair copy of his letter with his letter of 6 [August] 1874 . George and Darwin were also …
  • … George’s letter to Murray with his letter of 11 August 1874 , and was no doubt relieved to …
  • … to all he asked ( letter from John Murray, 12 August 1874 ). In October, George’s letter …
  • … a Pickwickian sense’ ( letter to John Murray, 18 October 1874 ). In other words, Mivart had used …
  • … reaction was savage ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [6 December 1874] ). Hooker and Huxley between them …
  • … the attack on George ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 December 1874 ). Huxley met Mivart at an evening …
  • … ( Enclosure to letter from J. D. Hooker, 21 December 1874 .) A reply soon came from Mivart . …
  • … of a gentleman’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 23 December 1874 ). However, Huxley still wrote to …
  • … this.   124 Gower St W.C. Dec. 24th 1874. Private & Confidential …
  • … to John Tyndall ( letter from John Tyndall, 28 December 1874 , and letter from J. D. Hooker, 29 …
  • … 16 January 1875, p. 66, signed, ‘The Quarterly Reviewer of 1874’. In it he reiterated his claim that …

Lost in translation: From Auguste Forel, 12 November 1874

Summary

You receive a gift from your scientific hero Charles Darwin. It is a book that contains sections on your favourite topic—ants. If only you had paid attention when your mother tried to teach you English you might be able to read it. But you didn’t, and you…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … understand a word. Writing in French on 12 November 1874 to thank Darwin for the book, …

Joseph Simms

Summary

The American doctor and author of works on physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874, while he was staying in London. He enclosed a copy of his book Nature’s revelations of character (Simms 1873). He hoped it might 'prove…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874 , while he was staying in London. …
  • … stockings. (Letter from Joseph Simms, 14 September 1874 ) The foot could tell …

Essay: Evolution & theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray EVOLUTION AND THEOLOGY The Nation, January 15, 1874 The attitude of theologians toward doctrines of evolution, from the nebular hypothesis down to ‘Darwinism,’ is no less worthy of consideration, and hardly less diverse, than that of…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … EVOLUTION AND THEOLOGY The Nation, January 15, 1874 The attitude of theologians toward …

Essay: What is Darwinism?

Summary

—by Asa Gray WHAT IS DARWINISM? The Nation, May 28, 1874 The question which Dr. Hodge asks he promptly and decisively answers: ‘What is Darwinism? it is atheism.’ Leaving aside all subsidiary and incidental matters, let us consider–1. What the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Gray WHAT IS DARWINISM? The Nation, May 28, 1874 The question which Dr. Hodge …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … attack upon Darwin’s son George, in an anonymous review in 1874 (see Correspondence vol. 22, …
  • … had also considered taking up the issue with Murray in 1874, even threatening to break off future …
  • … laid to rest, another controversy was brewing. In December 1874, Darwin had been asked to sign a …
  • … botanical research and had visited Down House in April 1874 (see Correspondence vol. 22, letters …
  • … A scientific friendship had developed between the men in 1874, and this was enhanced by Romanes’s …
  • … white’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, [before 4 November 1874] ).   Testing Pangenesis …
  • … had learned of Lyell’s failing health from Hooker in 1874 and January 1875. On 22 February, he was …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … 9426 - Story-Maskelyne , T. M. to Darwin, [23 April 1874] Thereza Story-Maskelyne …
  • … Letter 9616 - Marshall, T. to Darwin, [September 1874] Theodosia Marshall sends …
  • … 9606 - Harrison, L. C. to Darwin, [22 August 1874] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, sends a …
  • … Letter 9616  - Marshall, T.  to Darwin, [September 1874] Theodosia Marshall details …
  • … Letter 9485 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [8 June 1874] Mary Treat details her experiments …

4.18 'Figaro' chromolithograph 1

Summary

< Back to Introduction In a cartoon of 1874 by Figaro’s French-born artist Faustin Betbeder (known as Faustin), Darwin holds up a mirror reflecting himself and the startled ape sitting beside him. Their hairy bodies, seen against a background of palm…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction In a cartoon of 1874 by Figaro’ s French-born artist Faustin …
  • … this anti-Darwinian argument – a surprising one for 1874 – was genuine or tongue-in-cheek, it is …
  • … appeared on the front page of the issue for 18 February 1874, surrounded by an elaborate wood …
  • … The caricature of Darwin was not included until the May 1874 issue of the Sketch-Book (vol. 1, …
  • … at bottom left. 
 date of creation February 1874 
 computer-readable date c. …
  • … of the Huntington Library. Figaro no. 475 (18 February 1874), cover illustration. James G. …

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)

Summary

George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … started ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] ). Darwin took Emma to a Sunday afternoon at …

4.24 'Daily Graphic', Nast satire

Summary

< Back to Introduction In 1874 the Harvard philosopher John Fiske published his magnum opus, Outlines of Cosmic Philosophy, in which he set out to explain the far-reaching significance of Darwin’s and Herbert Spencer’s evolutionary theories. He…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction In 1874 the Harvard philosopher John Fiske published his magnum …
  • … in 1879 and 1880. When Cosmic Philosophy appeared in 1874, Fiske sent Darwin a copy, but …
  • … mind generally towards the doctrine of Evolution in 1874-1875. I like to keep this design before me …
  • … bottom right) 
 date of creation September 1874 
 computer-readable date 1874-09 …
  • … and bibliography The Daily Graphic 5: 474 (12 Sept. 1874), front page. John Fiske, Outlines …
  • … and New York: Houghton, Mifflin, and London: Macmillan, 1874); there were many subsequent editions. …
  • … letters to Fiske about Outlines : DCP-LETT- 9706 (3 Nov. [1874]) and DCP-LETT- 9749 (8 Dec. [1874

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … to Hermanus Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen, 18 February 1874 ) Zouteveen’s editions of …

Animals, ethics, and the progress of science

Summary

Darwin’s view on the kinship between humans and animals had important ethical implications. In Descent, he argued that some animals exhibited moral behaviour and had evolved mental powers analogous to conscience. He gave examples of cooperation, even…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … can be chloroformed (letter to G. J. Romanes, 27 December 1874 ). In the previous sections …

4.16 Joseph Simms, physiognomy

Summary

< Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a three-year lecture tour of Britain, sent Darwin a copy of his book, Nature’s Revelations of Character; Or, Physiognomy Illustrated. He was seeking a public…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a …
  • … [1861] (DCP-LETT-3256]. Simms’s letter to Darwin, 14 Sept. 1874 (DCP-LETT-9637; from DAR 177:164). …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 1 hits

  • … A GRAY 3 AUGUST 1871 201  TO A GRAY 3 JUNE [1874] 202  FROM A GRAY 16 …

Darwin as mentor

Summary

Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 9580 - Darwin to Darwin, G. H. D., [1 August 1874] Darwin gives feedback on work …
  • … Letter 9613 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [30 August 1874] Darwin comments on a “clever” …

3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871

Summary

< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … 1871, but dates others (still with the spotted waistcoat) to 1874.   Elliott and Fry were …
  • … Table in November 1876. The Pictorial World of 6 June 1874 published a wood engraving which …
  • … taken in summer 1869 and summer 1871, possible also in 1874. 
 computer-readable date c …
  • … 140.1.9). Wood engraving in The Pictorial World (6 June 1874), p. 228 (DAR 140.1.3). Another …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( To Fritz Müller, 25 September 1873 ). But by March 1874, some doubts seemed to have arisen when …
  • … with new & related matter. ( To J. V. Carus, 19 March [1874] ). A year later, Darwin still …

3.16 Oscar Rejlander, photos

Summary

< Back to Introduction Darwin’s plans for the illustration of his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born painter and photographer, Oscar Gustaf Rejlander. Rejlander gave Darwin the notes that he had…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … as a steel engraving, which was published in Nature in 1874, and was included in Francis Darwin …
  • … to the Subscribers to Nature no.  240 June 4 th 1874’. Wood engraving in The Graphic , XI:278 …
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