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To Anton Dohrn   16 April and 9 August 1874

Summary

Has written to J. Murray to have account of the Zoological Station inserted in the Murray guidebook.

The circular about the Station has been printed; some have already signed.

Received R. Kossman’s paper on Anelasma ["Untersuchungen über die durch Parasitismus hervorgerufenen Umbildungen in der Familie der Pedunculata", Verh. Phys.-med. Ges. Würz. N. F. 5 (1874): 129–57]. The case is the most interesting ever recorded of gradation, i.e., from an animal with a stomach to one with roots like a plant.

Delighted he will examine the complemental males of Scalpellum.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Felix Anton (Anton) Dohrn
Date:  16 Apr and 9 Aug 1874
Classmark:  Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München (Ana 525. Ba 702)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9414

Matches: 12 hits

  • … To Anton Dohrn   16 April and 9 August 1874
  • … Staatsbibliothek München (Ana 525. Ba 702) Charles Robert Darwin Down 16 Apr 1874 9 …
  • … Aug 1874 Felix Anton (Anton) Dohrn …
  • … Verh. Phys. -med. Ges. Würz. N. F. 5 (1874): 129–57]. The case is the most interesting …
  • … 1873. ] Arbeiten aus dem Zoologisch-Zootomischen Institut in Würzburg 1 (1874): 179–207. …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Ap.  16. 1874 See Postscript dated Aug 9 th My dear D r Dohrn I …
  • … See letter from Anton Dohrn, 6 April 1874 . CD refers to John Murray and to Edwin Ray …
  • … at Naples. See letter from Anton Dohrn, 6 April 1874  and nn.  14 and 15. Charles Lyell , …
  • … Sclater . See letter to John Lubbock, 8 April [1874] . Francis Maitland Balfour had sent a …
  • … Naples (see letter from Anton Dohrn, 6 April 1874 ). CD attended the soirée at the Royal …
  • … letter to Michael Foster, 23 April [1874] ). Robby August Kossmann discussed Anelasma …
  • … is a parasitic goose barnacle. See letter from Anton Dohrn, 6 April 1874  and n.  7. …

To T. H. Farrer   10 April 1874

Summary

Delighted to hear about Coronilla. Urges publication ["Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers– Coronilla", Nature 10 (1874): 169–70].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer
Date:  10 Apr 1874
Classmark:  Linnean Society of London (LS Ms 299/22)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9400

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Farrer   10 April 1874
  • … Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers– Coronilla ", Nature 10 (1874): 169–70]. …
  • … Ms 299/22) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Apr 1874 Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st …
  • … Bibliography Farrer, Thomas Henry. 1874. Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers— …
  • … Coronilla. Nature , 2 July 1874, pp. 169–70. Orchids : On the various contrivances by …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Ap.  10 1874 My dear Farrer I am delighted to hear about …
  • … See letter from T.  H.  Farrer, [before 10 April 1874] and n.  2. Farrer published …
  • … vetch) with two diagrams in Nature ( Farrer 1874 ). In Orchids , p.  15, CD had described …
  • … CD refers to Francis Darwin . See letter from T.  H.  Farrer, [before 10 April 1874] . …

From T. H. Huxley   16 April 1874

Summary

His note on the brain should be in small type.

Glad CD agrees with him on hand, foot, and skull question.

Has heard from Dohrn.

Author:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 166: 333
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9413

Matches: 10 hits

  • … From T.  H.  Huxley   16 April 1874
  • … 166: 333 Thomas Henry Huxley London, Marlborough Place 16 Apr 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … see letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 14 April 1874  and n.  2), and quotes William George Ward’ …
  • … Stuart Mill’s irreligion was ‘due to grave personal sin on his part’ ( Ward 1874 , p.  9). …
  • … See letter from Anton Dohrn, 6 April 1874 . …
  • … in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Ward, …
  • … William George. 1874. Mr. Mill’s philosophical position. Dublin Review 22: 1–38. …
  • … See letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 14 April 1874  and n.  1. CD’s letter to Huxley has not …
  • … the letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 14 April 1874  and n.  2. There is no discussion of the …
  • … 4 Marlborough Place | NW April 16 1874 My dear Darwin— Put my contribution into the …

To G. H. Darwin   [21 April 1874]

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Summary

GHD’s corrections seem very good. Murray hopes there will be few corrections in Descent. CD assured him no changes have been made merely for improving style.

Wants very much to hear about "the terrible cousin affair".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  [21 Apr 1874]
Classmark:  DAR 210.1: 20
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9423

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To G.  H.  Darwin   [21 April 1874] …
  • … 210.1: 20 Charles Robert Darwin London, Bryanston St, 2 [21 Apr 1874] George Howard Darwin …
  • … CD refers to Motley 1873 (see letter to John Murray, 12 April 1874  and n.  3). See letter …
  • … from G.  H.  Darwin, 20 April 1874 . George had been compiling statistics on cousin …
  • … marriage (see letters from G.  H.  Darwin, 18 April 1874  and …
  • … 20 April 1874 ). …
  • … Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Motley, John Lothrop. 1873. Rise of the …
  • … the relationship between this letter and the letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 20 April 1874 . …
  • … In 1874, the first Tuesday following 20 April was 21 April. CD was staying at 2 Bryanston …
  • … would visit CD in London in his letter of 20 April 1874 . John Murray was CD’s publisher. …

To G. H. Darwin   19 April [1874]

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Summary

Is sorry to hear the news about the cousin question – a real misfortune.

Congratulates GHD on being nearly finished with work on Descent.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  19 Apr [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 210.1: 19
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9419

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To G.  H.  Darwin   19 April [1874] …
  • … DAR 210.1: 19 Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 Apr [1874] George Howard Darwin …
  • … selection in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. …
  • … Buckley Litchfield , from 21 to 29 April 1874 (‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). See letter from …
  • … G.  H.  Darwin, 18 April 1874  and n.  4. William Clowes and Sons were the printers of …
  • … and the letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 18 April 1874 . George was correcting the proofs for …
  • … See letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 18 April 1874  and n.  7. George was investigating whether …

From William Waring   13 April 1874

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Summary

On proportion of sexes in litters of greyhounds.

Author:  William Waring
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 90: 44–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9407

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From William Waring   13 April 1874
  • … DAR 90: 44–5 William Waring unstated 13 Apr 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … See letter from William Waring, 9 January 1874 , and letter to …
  • … William Waring, 12 January [1874] . None of the existing letters from Waring to CD mention …
  • … males and females born (see letter to William Waring, 12 January [1874] , and letter from …
  • … George Cupples, 3 February 1874 ). …
  • … Woodlands, | Chelsfield. April 13 th . 1874 My dear Sir, Since I last wrote to you I have …

To Nature   6 April [1874]

Summary

Comments on J. T. Moggridge’s article on the fertilisation of Fumaria capreolata [Nature 9 (1874): 423].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Nature
Date:  6 Apr [1874]
Classmark:  Nature, 16 April 1874, p. 460
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9393

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To Nature    6 April [1874] …
  • … Nature , 16 April 1874, p.   …
  • … 460 Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 Apr [1874] Nature …
  • … T. Moggridge’s article on the fertilisation of Fumaria capreolata [ Nature 9 (1874): 423]. …
  • … capreolata appeared in Nature , 2 April 1874, p.  423. Moggridge’s letter was communicated …

From E. T. S.   [23–30 April 1874]

Summary

Cancelled: third-party letter from ’ETS’.

Author:  Unidentified
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [23-30 Apr 1874]
Classmark:  Nature, 30 April 1874, p. 509
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9425J

Matches: 3 hits

  • … From E.  T.  S.    [23–30 April 1874] …
  • … Nature , 30 April 1874, p.   …
  • … 509 Unidentified [23-30 Apr 1874] Charles Robert Darwin …

To W. B. Tegetmeier   [before 5 April 1874]

Summary

Subscribes to a reprint of Pieter Boddaert’s Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle [check ‘éez’!?] [1874].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  [before 5 Apr 1874]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.458)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9389

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To W.  B.  Tegetmeier   [before 5 April 1874] …
  • … names on the principle of priority (see Tegetmeier ed.  1874, editor’s preface). …
  • … Charles Robert Darwin unstated [before 5 Apr 1874] William Bernhard Tegetmeier …
  • … Boddaert’s Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle [check ‘éez’!? ] [1874]. …
  • … the letter to W.  B.  Tegetmeier, 5 April 1874 . CD wrote ‘y’ over the original printed ‘ …

To William Waring   13 April 1874

Summary

WW’s information accords with other accounts lately received. CD had formed an erroneous opinion on the subject.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Waring
Date:  13 Apr 1874
Classmark:  Kent History and Library Centre (CKS-U1906/Z/1)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9408

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To William Waring   13 April 1874
  • … and Library Centre (CKS-U1906/Z/1) Charles Robert Darwin Down 13 Apr 1874 William Waring …
  • … selection in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Ap.  13. 1874 My dear Sir I am very much obliged to you for your …
  • … letter from William Waring, 13 April 1874  and n.  3. CD received extensive information on …
  • … see letter from George Cupples, 21 February 1874 ). CD added this note to Descent 2d ed. , …

To John Murray   12 April 1874

Summary

Discusses 2d edition of Descent. CD is inclined to a cheap edition and asks JM to consider a one-volume edition in double-column format.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  12 Apr 1874
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms. 42152 ff. 348–9)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9404

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To John Murray   12 April 1874
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms. 42152 ff. 348–9) Charles Robert Darwin Down 12 Apr 1874 John Murray …
  • … London: John Murray. 1871. Lyell, Charles. 1874. The student’s elements of geology. 2d …
  • … Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Descent : The descent of man, and selection …
  • … see the letter to R.  F.  Cooke, 10 April [1874] . CD refers to Charles Lyell’s Student’ …
  • … s elements of geology ; a second edition was published by Murray in April 1874 ( C. …
  • … Lyell 1874 ; Publishers’ …
  • … circular 1874, p.  276). CD’s copy is in the Darwin Library–Down. John Lothrop Motley’s …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Ap 12 th 1874 My dear Sir I am much obliged to you for …

To John Lubbock   3 April 1874

Summary

Thanks for JL’s willingness to sell land.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Date:  3 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 261.7: 9 (EH 88205934)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9386

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To John Lubbock   3 April 1874
  • … EH 88205934) Charles Robert Darwin Down 3 Apr 1874 John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron …
  • … See letter from John Lubbock, 2 April 1874 . CD’s letter to William Mackmurdo Hacon has …
  • … William Denby was Lubbock’s solicitor (see letter from John Lubbock, 27 February 1874 ). …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. April 3 rd 1874. My dear Lubbock, I am much obliged to you for …

To W. T. Thiselton-Dyer   15 April 1874

Summary

Thanks for the seeds and plants that he requested.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:  15 Apr 1874
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Thiselton-Dyer, W. T., Letters from Charles Darwin 1873–81: 7)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9410

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To W.  T.  Thiselton-Dyer   15 April 1874
  • … Darwin 1873–81: 7) Charles Robert Darwin Down 15 Apr 1874 William Turner Thiselton-Dyer …
  • … See letter to W.  H.  Thiselton-Dyer, 4 April 1874. See letter to W.   …
  • … H.  Thiselton-Dyer, 4 April 1874 and n.  3. Tamarindus indicus is the tamarind tree. …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Ap.  15. 1874 My dear Professor Dyer Many thanks to you & Hooker— …

From Anton Dohrn   6 April 1874

Summary

His gratitude for CD’s gift. An account of his difficulties with the Zoological Station and his health.

F. M. Balfour has told him that CD would like to see the question of complemental males in cirripedes studied again. AD would like to enter the field and to study the whole morphological development of cirripedes.

Describes the interest in embryological work in Russia and Germany.

Author:  Felix Anton (Anton) Dohrn
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 162: 214
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9394

Matches: 11 hits

  • … From Anton Dohrn   6 April 1874
  • … DAR 162: 214 Felix Anton (Anton) Dohrn Sorrento 6 Apr 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … but see the letter to Dohrn of 16 April and 9 August 1874 . The photograph has not been …
  • … found; see, however, the letter to Anton Dohrn, 16 April 1874 . …
  • … Sorrento. 6. April.  1874. Dear Mr.  Darwin! It is only now, that I feel myself able to …
  • … See letter to Anton Dohrn, 7 March 1874 . CD sent £100 in aid of the Zoological Station at …
  • … Station (see letter to Anton Dohrn, 7 March 1874 ). Dohrn planned to let research space at …
  • … W. Engelmann. Goette, Alexander Wilhelm. 1874–5. Die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Unke ( …
  • … letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 6 March 1874 ). Dohrn’s father, Carl August Dohrn , lived in …
  • … comparative morphology of vertebrates ( Goette 1874–5 ). Bombinator igneus is a synonym of …
  • … letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 6 March 1874  and n.  10. No insert by Edwin Ray Lankester to …

From Fritz Müller   20 April [1874]

Summary

FM gives his own observations of leaf-cutting ants, which support those of Thomas Belt in his book [The naturalist in Nicaragua (1873)]. [See 9223.] These ants feed only upon the fungus that grows upon the leaves that they carry to their nests.

He has caught a moth of the Glaucopidæ that when touched emitted a cloud of snow-white wool.

Observations on the stingless bees of Brazil.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Apr [1874]
Classmark:  Nature, 11 June 1874, pp. 102–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9422A

Matches: 12 hits

  • … From Fritz Müller   20 April [1874] …
  • … Nature , 11 June 1874, pp.  102–3 Johann …
  • … Fritz) Müller Itajahy, Santa Catharina, Brazil 20 Apr [1874] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Westphalian provincial association in December 1874, and an enlarged version was published …
  • … the relationship between this letter and the letter to Fritz Müller, 1 January 1874 . See …
  • … letter to Fritz Müller, 1 January 1874 . CD sent Müller a …
  • … copy of Thomas Belt’s Naturalist in Nicaragua ( Belt 1874 ). For CD’s high opinion …
  • … of the book, see the letter to Fritz Müller, 1 January 1874 . For the …
  • … of Chontales in central Nicaragua, see Belt 1874 , pp.  155–75. Müller’s home on the …
  • … See letter to Fritz Müller, 1 January 1874  and n.  6. Cecropia (the embauba or trumpet …
  • … honey-bees in his letter of [ c. January 1874]. Anthophora fulvifrons is a synonym of …
  • … a letter to Hermann Müller of 23 March 1874, Fritz Müller sent the text and illustrations …

From T. G. Appleton   2 April 1874

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Summary

Sends old Japanese picture suggesting evolution, found by Charles Longfellow.

Is pleased to hear CD attended a séance [18 Jan 1874]; asks for his views about communication among spirits.

Author:  Thomas Gold Appleton
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 159: 113
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9385

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From T.  G.  Appleton   2 April 1874
  • … DAR 159: 113 Thomas Gold Appleton Boston Mass. 2 Apr 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … pleased to hear CD attended a séance [18 Jan 1874]; asks for his views about communication …
  • … returning to Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1874. (Laidlaw ed.  1998. ) On the fashion for …
  • … was held at Erasmus Alvey Darwin’s house in London on 16 January 1874. See letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 18 January [1874] and n.  3. Appleton refers to Mary Louisa Bruce , widow of …
  • … Boston. April 2 d 1874. My dear Sir, Mr Charles Longfellow, the oldest son of Mr …

From Edward Frankland   30 April 1874

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Summary

Variation in bullfinches’ instinctive ability to remove nectaries and ovaries from cowslips.

Author:  Edward Frankland
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  30 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 164: 211
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9435

Matches: 5 hits

  • … From Edward Frankland   30 April 1874
  • … DAR 164: 211 Edward Frankland London, Lancaster Gate, 14 30 Apr 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … letter to Edward Frankland, 28 April [1874] . The bird that Frankland observed had come …
  • … on the Isle of Wight (see letter from Edward Frankland, 26 April 1874  and n.  4). The …
  • … from CD’s letter to Nature , 7 and 11 May [1874], where CD quoted from Frankland’s letter. …

To Edward Frankland   17 April 1874

Summary

Thanks for the pure phosphate of lime.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edward Frankland
Date:  17 Apr 1874
Classmark:  The John Rylands Library, The University of Manchester
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9415A

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To Edward Frankland   17 April 1874
  • … The University of Manchester Charles Robert Darwin Down 17 Apr 1874 Edward Frankland …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Ap 17. 1874 Dear Professor Frankland Many thanks for the pure …
  • … See letter from Edward Frankland, 15 April 1874 . CD was experimenting on Drosera (sundew) …

To Leonard Rudd   18 April [1874]

Summary

Discusses LR’s communication concerning supernumerary mammae.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Leonard Rudd
Date:  18 Apr [1874]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.441)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9416

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To Leonard Rudd   18 April [1874] …
  • … Society (Mss.B.D25.441) Charles Robert Darwin Down 18 Apr [1874] Leonard Rudd …
  • … selection in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. …
  • … the relationship between this letter and the letter from Leonard Rudd, 12 April 1874 . See …
  • … letter from Leonard Rudd, 12 April 1874 . For reported cases of supernumerary mammae, see …

From A. S. G. Canning   27 April 1874

Summary

Further particulars on pea-fowl.

Author:  Albert Stratford George Canning
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 161: 43
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9431

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From A.  S.  G.  Canning   27 April 1874
  • … Stratford George Canning London, Portman Square, 31 27 Apr 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … See letters from A.  S.  G.  Canning, 18 February 1874  and …
  • … 23 February 1874 . CD’s replies to Canning have not been found. Variation 2d ed.  was …
  • … Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Descent : The descent of man, and selection …
  • … Square . London. Monday. | April 27 th . | 1874. Dear Sir I am encouraged by your kind …
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Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 23 hits

  • … The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the …
  • … intervals’ ( letter to D. T. Gardner, [ c . 27 August 1874] ). The death of a Cambridge friend, …
  • … and collecting beetles ( letter from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ).  Such reminiscences led Darwin to …
  • … much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). I feel very old & …
  • … old & helpless’  ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] ). Darwin mentioned his poor …
  • … on the matter ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 26 October 1874 ). Séances, psychics, and …
  • … Joseph Dalton Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] ). Later in the month, …
  • … and an imposter’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 27 January 1874 ). Darwin agreed that it was ‘all …
  • … perform his antics’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 29 January [1874] ). This did not stop word getting …
  • … at his home ( letter from T. G. Appleton, 2 April 1874 ). Back over old ground New …
  • … Charles Lyell ( letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 8 January 1874 , letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 …
  • … of correction’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 21 [March 1874] ). The book came out in June with the …
  • … Darwin on this point ( letter from J. D. Dana, 21 July 1874 ); however, he did not retract his …
  • … dog breeders (letters from George Cupples, 21 February 1874 and 12 March 1874 ); the material …
  • … Islands (Hawaii; letters from T. N. Staley, 12 February 1874 and 20 February 1874 ; letters …
  • … islanders ( letter from William Dealtry, 16 January 1874 ). One of the most significant …
  • … enemy into a jelly’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 14 April 1874 ). The technical nature of Huxley’s …
  • … mind where it goes’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 16 April 1874 ). The second edition of  …
  • … would be very good ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). Darwin's son George …
  • … of your thought’ ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 20 April 1874 ). The Mivart affair …
  • … mental and physical disorders (G. H. Darwin 1873b). In July 1874, an anonymous essay appeared in the …
  • … libel’ on his son ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [27 July 1874] ).  George, however, consulted with his …
  • … [a] lying scoundrel’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ). He drafted a brief statement of …

Darwin's 1874 letters go online

Summary

The full transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1874 through his letters and see a full list of the letters. The 1874 letters…

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  • … of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. …
  • … ( Letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ) The Mivart affair highlights …
  • … are some other highlights from Darwin's correspondence in 1874: I feel as old as …
  • … signifying so much.  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) At the age of 65, Darwin …
  • … more quietly was severely tested by some of the events of 1874. He had a clear idea of the shape of …
  • … must be enough for me  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) During the year he …
  • … the positive  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 August [1874] ) – he mourned after several …
  • … day’s work  ( Letter to D. F. Nevill, 18 September [1874] ) Darwin’s family continued …
  • … have to do—  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 November [1874] ) Darwin’s continuing …

St George Jackson Mivart

Summary

In the second half of 1874, Darwin’s peace was disturbed by an anonymous article in the Quarterly Review suggesting that his son George was opposed to the institution of marriage and in favour of ‘unrestrained licentiousness’. Darwin suspected, correctly,…

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  • … In 1874, the Catholic zoologist St George Jackson Mivart caused Darwin and his son …
  • … appeared to have created very little stir, until, in July 1874, Mivart published an anonymous review …
  • … of the Quarterly ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 29 July 1874 ). Darwin hastily advised against …
  • … to wish to circulate ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ). Darwin provided a draft of the …
  • … to endorse them ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 5 August 1874 ). He sent a second draft, which Darwin …
  • … a fair copy of his letter with his letter of 6 [August] 1874 . George and Darwin were also …
  • … George’s letter to Murray with his letter of 11 August 1874 , and was no doubt relieved to …
  • … to all he asked ( letter from John Murray, 12 August 1874 ). In October, George’s letter …
  • … a Pickwickian sense’ ( letter to John Murray, 18 October 1874 ). In other words, Mivart had used …
  • … reaction was savage ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [6 December 1874] ). Hooker and Huxley between them …
  • … the attack on George ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 December 1874 ). Huxley met Mivart at an evening …
  • … ( Enclosure to letter from J. D. Hooker, 21 December 1874 .) A reply soon came from Mivart . …
  • … of a gentleman’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 23 December 1874 ). However, Huxley still wrote to …
  • … this.   124 Gower St W.C. Dec. 24th 1874. Private & Confidential …
  • … to John Tyndall ( letter from John Tyndall, 28 December 1874 , and letter from J. D. Hooker, 29 …
  • … 16 January 1875, p. 66, signed, ‘The Quarterly Reviewer of 1874’. In it he reiterated his claim that …

Lost in translation: From Auguste Forel, 12 November 1874

Summary

You receive a gift from your scientific hero Charles Darwin. It is a book that contains sections on your favourite topic—ants. If only you had paid attention when your mother tried to teach you English you might be able to read it. But you didn’t, and you…

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  • … understand a word. Writing in French on 12 November 1874 to thank Darwin for the book, …

Joseph Simms

Summary

The American doctor and author of works on physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874, while he was staying in London. He enclosed a copy of his book Nature’s revelations of character (Simms 1873). He hoped it might 'prove…

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  • … physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874 , while he was staying in London. …
  • … stockings. (Letter from Joseph Simms, 14 September 1874 ) The foot could tell …

Essay: What is Darwinism?

Summary

—by Asa Gray WHAT IS DARWINISM? The Nation, May 28, 1874 The question which Dr. Hodge asks he promptly and decisively answers: ‘What is Darwinism? it is atheism.’ Leaving aside all subsidiary and incidental matters, let us consider–1. What the…

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  • … Gray WHAT IS DARWINISM? The Nation, May 28, 1874 The question which Dr. Hodge …

Essay: Evolution & theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray EVOLUTION AND THEOLOGY The Nation, January 15, 1874 The attitude of theologians toward doctrines of evolution, from the nebular hypothesis down to ‘Darwinism,’ is no less worthy of consideration, and hardly less diverse, than that of…

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  • … EVOLUTION AND THEOLOGY The Nation, January 15, 1874 The attitude of theologians toward …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

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  • … attack upon Darwin’s son George, in an anonymous review in 1874 (see Correspondence vol. 22, …
  • … had also considered taking up the issue with Murray in 1874, even threatening to break off future …
  • … laid to rest, another controversy was brewing. In December 1874, Darwin had been asked to sign a …
  • … botanical research and had visited Down House in April 1874 (see Correspondence vol. 22, letters …
  • … A scientific friendship had developed between the men in 1874, and this was enhanced by Romanes’s …
  • … white’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, [before 4 November 1874] ).   Testing Pangenesis …
  • … had learned of Lyell’s failing health from Hooker in 1874 and January 1875. On 22 February, he was …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … 9426 - Story-Maskelyne , T. M. to Darwin, [23 April 1874] Thereza Story-Maskelyne …
  • … Letter 9616 - Marshall, T. to Darwin, [September 1874] Theodosia Marshall sends …
  • … 9606 - Harrison, L. C. to Darwin, [22 August 1874] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, sends a …
  • … Letter 9616  - Marshall, T.  to Darwin, [September 1874] Theodosia Marshall details …
  • … Letter 9485 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [8 June 1874] Mary Treat details her experiments …

4.18 'Figaro' chromolithograph 1

Summary

< Back to Introduction In a cartoon of 1874 by Figaro’s French-born artist Faustin Betbeder (known as Faustin), Darwin holds up a mirror reflecting himself and the startled ape sitting beside him. Their hairy bodies, seen against a background of palm…

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  • … < Back to Introduction In a cartoon of 1874 by Figaro’ s French-born artist Faustin …
  • … this anti-Darwinian argument – a surprising one for 1874 – was genuine or tongue-in-cheek, it is …
  • … appeared on the front page of the issue for 18 February 1874, surrounded by an elaborate wood …
  • … The caricature of Darwin was not included until the May 1874 issue of the Sketch-Book (vol. 1, …
  • … at bottom left. 
 date of creation February 1874 
 computer-readable date c. …
  • … of the Huntington Library. Figaro no. 475 (18 February 1874), cover illustration. James G. …

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)

Summary

George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…

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  • … started ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] ). Darwin took Emma to a Sunday afternoon at …

4.24 'Daily Graphic', Nast satire

Summary

< Back to Introduction In 1874 the Harvard philosopher John Fiske published his magnum opus, Outlines of Cosmic Philosophy, in which he set out to explain the far-reaching significance of Darwin’s and Herbert Spencer’s evolutionary theories. He…

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  • … < Back to Introduction In 1874 the Harvard philosopher John Fiske published his magnum …
  • … in 1879 and 1880. When Cosmic Philosophy appeared in 1874, Fiske sent Darwin a copy, but …
  • … mind generally towards the doctrine of Evolution in 1874-1875. I like to keep this design before me …
  • … bottom right) 
 date of creation September 1874 
 computer-readable date 1874-09 …
  • … and bibliography The Daily Graphic 5: 474 (12 Sept. 1874), front page. John Fiske, Outlines …
  • … and New York: Houghton, Mifflin, and London: Macmillan, 1874); there were many subsequent editions. …
  • … letters to Fiske about Outlines : DCP-LETT- 9706 (3 Nov. [1874]) and DCP-LETT- 9749 (8 Dec. [1874

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

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  • … to Hermanus Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen, 18 February 1874 ) Zouteveen’s editions of …

Animals, ethics, and the progress of science

Summary

Darwin’s view on the kinship between humans and animals had important ethical implications. In Descent, he argued that some animals exhibited moral behaviour and had evolved mental powers analogous to conscience. He gave examples of cooperation, even…

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  • … can be chloroformed (letter to G. J. Romanes, 27 December 1874 ). In the previous sections …

4.16 Joseph Simms, physiognomy

Summary

< Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a three-year lecture tour of Britain, sent Darwin a copy of his book, Nature’s Revelations of Character; Or, Physiognomy Illustrated. He was seeking a public…

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  • … < Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a …
  • … [1861] (DCP-LETT-3256]. Simms’s letter to Darwin, 14 Sept. 1874 (DCP-LETT-9637; from DAR 177:164). …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

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  • … A GRAY 3 AUGUST 1871 201  TO A GRAY 3 JUNE [1874] 202  FROM A GRAY 16 …

Darwin as mentor

Summary

Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…

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  • … Letter 9580 - Darwin to Darwin, G. H. D., [1 August 1874] Darwin gives feedback on work …
  • … Letter 9613 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [30 August 1874] Darwin comments on a “clever” …

3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871

Summary

< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…

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  • … 1871, but dates others (still with the spotted waistcoat) to 1874.   Elliott and Fry were …
  • … Table in November 1876. The Pictorial World of 6 June 1874 published a wood engraving which …
  • … taken in summer 1869 and summer 1871, possible also in 1874. 
 computer-readable date c …
  • … 140.1.9). Wood engraving in The Pictorial World (6 June 1874), p. 228 (DAR 140.1.3). Another …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

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  • … ( To Fritz Müller, 25 September 1873 ). But by March 1874, some doubts seemed to have arisen when …
  • … with new & related matter. ( To J. V. Carus, 19 March [1874] ). A year later, Darwin still …

3.16 Oscar Rejlander, photos

Summary

< Back to Introduction Darwin’s plans for the illustration of his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born painter and photographer, Oscar Gustaf Rejlander. Rejlander gave Darwin the notes that he had…

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  • … as a steel engraving, which was published in Nature in 1874, and was included in Francis Darwin …
  • … to the Subscribers to Nature no.  240 June 4 th 1874’. Wood engraving in The Graphic , XI:278 …
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