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To F. J. Cohn   12 October 1874

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Summary

CD responds [to 9667] with description of his own effort to study Aldrovanda and his observations on the structure of Dionaea.

His admiration for FJC’s earlier studies of the Venus’s fly-trap.

He urges FJC to proceed promptly with publication of his memoir on Aldrovanda [Beiträge zur Biologie der Pflanzen 1, Heft 3 (1875): 71–92].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Ferdinand Julius Cohn
Date:  12 Oct 1874
Classmark:  DAR 185: 107
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9677A

Matches: 12 hits

  • … To F.  J.  Cohn   12 October 1874
  • … DAR 185: 107 Charles Robert Darwin Down 12 Oct 1874 Ferdinand Julius Cohn …
  • … letter from J.  D.   Hooker, 29 September 1874 . CD’s annotated copy of F. J. Cohn 1875   …
  • … See letter from F.  J.  Cohn, 4 October 1874 . The sketches have not been found. See …
  • … letter from F.  J.  Cohn, 4 October 1874 . Joseph Dalton Hooker’s daughter Harriet Anne …
  • … the waterwheel plant) to CD; see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 29 September 1874 . …
  • … Hooker visited Down on 26 September 1874 ( letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 23 September 1874 ). See letter from F.   …
  • … pp.  256 and 364. See letter from F.  J.  Cohn, 4 October 1874 . For J.  D.  Hooker’s …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Oct 12 th 1874 My dear Sir I thank you for your very kind …
  • … J.  Cohn, 4 October 1874 , and F. J. Cohn 1875 , of which CD had received a copy in …
  • … See letter from F.  J.  Cohn, 4 October 1874  and n.  5. Compositae (now Asteraceae) are …

To J. D. Hooker   1 October [1874]

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Summary

Thanks JDH for extract on Hedychium pollination; it shows CD’s prior interpretation was incorrect.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  1 Oct [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 95: 421–422
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9665

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   1 October [1874] …
  • … DAR 95: 421–422 Charles Robert Darwin Down 1 Oct [1874] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … see letter to J.   D.  Hooker, 25 March [1874] and n.  3). Gammie also described insect …
  • … Kahili ginger or the Kahila garland-lily) in his letter of 16 February 1874 . …
  • … the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 29 September 1874 . Utricularia neglecta (now Utricularia …
  • … see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 29 September 1874 . For the specimens from the …
  • … New Forest, see the letter to David Moore, 12 July 1874 ; for Penzance, see the letter …
  • … from John Ralfs, 9 July 1874 , and the letter to …
  • … John Ralfs, 13 July [1874] . Hooker’s daughter Harriet Anne Hooker sent CD some Aldrovanda …
  • … plant); see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 29 September 1874  and n. 4. CD refers to the …
  • … letter from J.  A.  Gammie, 28 August 1874 , in which James Alexander Gammie suggested …

To Auguste Forel   15 October 1874

Summary

Writes about AHF’s book on Swiss ants.

Recounts his own observations on ants carrying cocoons.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Auguste-Henri (Auguste) Forel
Date:  15 Oct 1874
Classmark:  Universität Zürich, Archiv für Medizingeschichte (AfM ZH PN 31.2:793)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9680

Matches: 17 hits

  • … To Auguste Forel   15 October 1874
  • … AfM ZH PN 31.2:793) Charles Robert Darwin Down 15 Oct 1874 Auguste-Henri (Auguste) Forel …
  • … Bibliography Forel, Auguste. 1874. Les fourmis de la Suisse. Zurich: Zurcher & Furrer. [ …
  • … recommended Thomas Belt’s book The naturalist in Nicaragua ( Belt 1874 ) in his letter to …
  • … Forel of 28 September [1874] . He had sent a …
  • … copy of the book to Fritz Müller in January 1874 (see letter to …
  • … Fritz Müller, 1 January 1874 ). See …
  • … also letter from Fritz Müller, 20 April [1874] . …
  • … Down, Beckenham, Kent. Oct 15 th 1874 My dear Sir I have now read the whole of your …
  • … CD refers to Les fourmis de la Suisse (Ants of Switzerland; Forel 1874 ); see letter from …
  • … Auguste Forel, 23 September 1874 . CD’ …
  • … s heavily annotated copy of Forel 1874  is in the Darwin Library–CUL (see Marginalia 1: …
  • … females and much smaller in males ( Forel 1874 , p.  123). CD scored the section in his …
  • … from their colony calmed them ( Forel 1874 , p.  304). See n.  6, below. In the first part …
  • … see letter to Fritz Müller, 1 January 1874  and n.  3. In the third part ( F.  Müller …
  • … letter from Fritz Müller , [ c. January 1874] and n.  7. Forel observed that the species …
  • … by the workers of T.  caespitum ( Forel 1874 , pp.  343–4). Formica rufa is the red wood …

To G. H. Darwin   19 October [1874]

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Summary

Advice to GHD on whether to accept invitation to lecture at the Royal Institution.

Murray has sent the Quarterly Review issue. CD has told Murray that he is convinced Mivart is the author and what he thinks of him.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  19 Oct [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 210.1: 33
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9687

Matches: 14 hits

  • … To G.  H.  Darwin   19 October [1874] …
  • … DAR 210.1: 33 Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 Oct [1874] George Howard Darwin …
  • … letter from G.  H.   Darwin, 18 October 1874  and n.  14). Francis Maitland Balfour ; see …
  • … letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 18 October 1874  and n.  17. George was helping CD with the …
  • … proof-sheets of Descent 2d ed. ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 18 April 1874 ). …
  • … It was published in November 1874 ( letter from R. …
  • … F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). On John Murray’s November sale dinners, see Murray 1908–9 , …
  • … Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Murray, John. 1908–9. Darwin and his …
  • … between this letter and the letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 18 October 1874 . Letter from G.   …
  • … H.  Darwin, 18 October 1874 . George had been invited by William Spottiswoode to give a …
  • … letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 18 October 1874  and nn.  1, 2, and 4). Jeu d’esprit (French): …
  • … giving the Royal Institution lecture (see letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 18 October 1874 ). …
  • … CD refers to the October 1874 issue of the Quarterly review (137: 587–9), which contained …
  • … see letter to John Murray, 18 October 1874  and n.  1). The last sentence stated: ‘But …

To G. H. Darwin   [24 October 1874]

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Summary

Writes about instructions to compositor and return of proofs [of Descent]. Requests return of 2d volume of Descent, to which he may want to refer.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  [24 Oct 1874]
Classmark:  DAR 210.1: 35
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9696

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To G.  H.  Darwin   [24 October 1874] …
  • … DAR 210.1: 35 Charles Robert Darwin Down [24 Oct 1874] George Howard Darwin …
  • … first edition of Descent ; see the letter to G.  H.  Darwin, 22 October [1874] and n.   …
  • … 2. In November 1874, George published a review of William …
  • … s ‘Darwinism and language’ ( Whitney 1874 ) titled ‘Professor Whitney on the origin of …
  • … see Radick 2008 , p.  47). See letter to G.  H.  Darwin, 22 October [1874] and n.  3. …
  • … Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Descent : The descent of man, and selection …
  • … this letter, the letter to G.  H.  Darwin, 22 October [1874] , and the letter from G.   …
  • … H.  Darwin, 24 October 1874 . …
  • … In 1874, 24 October was a Saturday. Apus appears in Descent 2d ed. , p.  255. Apus was …
  • … of Chicago Press. Whitney, William Dwight. 1874. Darwinism and language. [Essay review of …

To A. W. Malm   [25 October 1874]

Summary

Thanks for a paper on the reproductive organs of fish.

Has always admired AWM’s work on the Pleuronectidae (Bidrag till kännedom af Pleuronektoidernas utveckling och byggnad (Contribution to knowledge of the development and structure of the Pleuronectidae); Malm 1867).

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  August Wilhelm Malm
Date:  [25 Oct 1874]
Classmark:  Göteborgsposten, 14 November 1874, p. 1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9697F

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To A. W. Malm    [25 October 1874] …
  • … Göteborgsposten , 14 November 1874, p. …
  • … 1 Charles Robert Darwin [25 Oct 1874] August Wilhelm Malm …
  • … vol. 22, letter to G. H. Darwin, 25 [October 1874] ). Malm’s letter has not been found. …
  • … Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Malm, August Wilhelm. 1867. Bidrag till …
  • … Descent 2d ed. was published in November 1874 ( Correspondence vol. 22, letter from R. …
  • … F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ); in Descent 2d ed. , p. 161 n. 28, CD updated his remarks …
  • … mackerel ( Scomber scrombrus ; Malm 1874 ). CD cited Malm’s paper ‘Bidrag till kännedom af …

To Thomas Meehan   9 October 1874

Summary

Doubts whether sudden and great variations often occur.

Comments on colours of flowers.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Meehan
Date:  9 Oct 1874
Classmark:  DAR 146: 353
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9672

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To Thomas Meehan   9 October 1874
  • … DAR 146: 353 Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Oct 1874 Thomas Meehan …
  • … London: John Murray. 1877. Meehan, Thomas. 1874. Change by gradual modification not the …
  • … Down. | Beckenham Kent. Oct 9. 1874. My dear Sir I am much obliged for your kind letter & …
  • … letter from Thomas Meehan, 22 September 1874 ; the photograph has not been found. Meehan …
  • … not the universal law’ ( Meehan 1874 ), and a report of the discussion following it; the …
  • … reports are in DAR 45: 183–4. See letter from Thomas Meehan, 22 September 1874  and n.  2. …
  • … letter from Thomas Meehan, 22 September 1874  and n.  5. In 1861, CD responded to a query …
  • … letter from Thomas Meehan, 22 September 1874  and n.  6, and Forms of flowers , pp.  8–9, …

To J. V. Carus   30 October 1874

Summary

Will soon send remaining sheets [of Descent, 2d English ed.]. Fears JVC’s errata have come too late for printing.

His new work [Insectivorous plants] will make a rather big book.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Julius Victor Carus
Date:  30 Oct 1874
Classmark:  Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Slg. Darmstaedter Lc 1859: Darwin, Charles, Bl. 112–113)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9702

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To J.  V.  Carus   30 October 1874
  • … Darwin, Charles, Bl. 112–113) Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 Oct 1874 Julius Victor Carus …
  • … of Descent 2d ed. ; see letter from J.  V.  Carus, 27 October 1874  and n.  1. See letter …
  • … from J.  V.  Carus, 27 October 1874  and n.  3. See letter …
  • … from J.  V.  Carus, 27 October 1874  and n.  5. In 1845, John Murray published the second …
  • … 1875 ( Freeman 1977 , p.  149); see letter from J.  V.  Carus, 27 October 1874  and n.  4. …
  • … Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Freeman, Richard Broke. 1977. The works of …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Oct.  30 1874 My dear Sir I shall be able to send very soon all …

To W. B. Dawkins   18 October [1874]

Summary

Thanks WBD for his book, Cave hunting (1874).

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Boyd Dawkins
Date:  18 Oct [1874]
Classmark:  Buxton Museum and Art Gallery
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9682

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To W.  B.  Dawkins   18 October [1874] …
  • … Thanks WBD for his book, Cave hunting (1874). …
  • … Museum and Art Gallery Charles Robert Darwin Down 18 Oct [1874] William Boyd Dawkins …
  • … in the Fortnightly Review in September 1874 ( Dawkins 1874b ). It traced the geographical …

To T. L. Brunton   30 October 1874

Summary

Discusses expression on two halves of the face. Mentions photograph [of picture by Rubens].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1st baronet
Date:  30 Oct 1874
Classmark:  DAR 143: 163
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9703

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To T.  L.  Brunton   30 October 1874
  • … DAR 143: 163 Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 Oct 1874 Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1st baronet …
  • … Bibliography Brunton, Thomas Lauder. 1874. On inhibition, peripheral and central. West …
  • … letter from T.  L.  Brunton, [29] October [1874] and n.  2. CD retained the photograph ( …
  • … letter from T.  L.  Brunton, 2 November [1874] and n.  2, and plate on p. 525); it is in …
  • … peripheral and central’ ( Brunton 1874 ). For more on the context of the paper, see R. …
  • … Down Beckenham | Kent Oct 30. 1874 My dear Sir I am very much obliged for the beautiful …

To J. D. Hooker   9 October 1874

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Summary

Asks JDH for leaves of Byblis and Roridula to examine, and D. Oliver for an anomalous species of Utricularia.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  9 Oct 1874
Classmark:  DAR 95: 341a
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9670

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   9 October 1874
  • … DAR 95: 341a Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Oct 1874 Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … Down Oct 9 th 1874 My dear Hooker In your Edit of Decaisne, Byblis from Australia & …
  • … waterwheel plant); see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 29 September 1874 , and letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 1 October [1874] . On the verso of this letter, Hooker wrote: ‘Dear Oliver | I …
  • … letter to W.  T.  Thiselton-Dyer, 28 [June 1874] , and asked for plants in his letter to …
  • … D.  F.  Nevill, 7 September 1874 , and his letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 8 September [1874] . CD referred to epiphytic and marsh species of Utricularia …
  • … a plant of Utricularia montana (see letters from D.  F.  Nevill, 8 [September 1874] and [ …
  • … 11 September 1874] ). Utricularia montana is a synonym of U.  alpina . It is a species …

To John Murray   18 October 1874

Summary

Thanks for Quarterly Review [Oct 1874, containing G. H. Darwin’s letter and a rejoinder]. Is convinced the author is Mivart. Is therefore not surprised at malice in the article attacking his son [George Darwin] and grossly misrepresenting CD.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  18 Oct 1874
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms. 42152 ff. 345–6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9685

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To John Murray   18 October 1874
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms. 42152 ff. 345–6) Charles Robert Darwin Down 18 Oct 1874 John Murray …
  • … Thanks for Quarterly Review [Oct 1874, containing G. H. Darwin’s letter and a rejoinder]. …
  • … CD refers to the October 1874 issue of the Quarterly Review (137: 587–9), in which George …
  • … of works by John Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor ( [Mivart] 1874 ; see letter from G.   …
  • … H.  Darwin, 6 [August] 1874  and n.   …
  • … 3, and letter from John Murray, 12 August 1874 ). A rejoinder from the reviewer appeared …
  • … the works of John Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor. ] Quarterly Review 137 (1874): 40–77. …

To G. H. Darwin   25 [October 1874]

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Summary

Thanks GHD for clear lecture on heat.

Will keep paper on proportion of sexes, in case GHD wants it again.

Wants him to translate some pages of Swedish or Norwegian sent by A. W. Malm, "a good man".

Glad to see the statistical paper ["Theory of exchange value", Fortn. Rev. n.s. 17 (1875): 243–53].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  25 [Oct 1874]
Classmark:  DAR 210.1: 36
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9697

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To G.  H.  Darwin   25 [October 1874] …
  • … DAR 210.1: 36 Charles Robert Darwin Down 25 [Oct 1874] George Howard Darwin …
  • … Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Malm, August Wilhelm. 1874b. Om sammanväxta …
  • … this letter and the letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 24 October 1874 . See the letter from G.   …
  • … H.  Darwin, 24 October 1874 . …
  • … In his letter of 24 October 1874 , George reported on his trip to Abinger Hall and …
  • … see letter to T.  N.  Staley, 13 January [1874] and n.  5. August Wilhelm Malm . The paper …

To J. S. Burdon Sanderson   13 October 1874

Summary

Discusses the powers of digestion of Drosera and why certain substances produce less excitement in the plant than others.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Scott Burdon Sanderson, 1st baronet
Date:  13 Oct 1874
Classmark:  University of British Columbia Library, Rare Books and Special Collections (Darwin - Burdon Sanderson letters RBSC-ARC-1731-1-20)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9678

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To J.  S.  Burdon Sanderson   13 October 1874
  • … 1731-1-20) Charles Robert Darwin Down 13 Oct 1874 John Scott Burdon Sanderson, 1st baronet …
  • … basis of bones and teeth. See letter from J.  S.  Burdon Sanderson, 12 October 1874 . …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Oct 13. 1874 My dear D r . Sanderson Many thanks for your …
  • … from J.  S.  Burdon Sanderson, 12 October 1874 . CD refers to fibrin, areolar tissue, the …
  • … see letter to J.  S.  Burdon Sanderson, 9 October 1874 , and letter from J.   …
  • … S.  Burdon Sanderson, 12 October 1874 ). CD carried out a number of experiments on the …

To James Crichton-Browne   8 October 1874

Summary

Thanks JC-B for copy of Medical Reports of the West Riding Lunatic Asylum.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  James Crichton-Browne
Date:  8 Oct 1874
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.451)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9668

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To James Crichton-Browne   8 October 1874
  • … Society (Mss.B.D25.451) Charles Robert Darwin Down 8 Oct 1874 James Crichton-Browne …
  • … Bibliography Crichton-Browne, James. 1874. Acute dementia. West Riding Lunatic Asylum …
  • … Asylum Medical Reports ( Crichton-Browne 1874 ); several volumes of these reports are in …

To Daniel Oliver   19 October [1874]

Summary

Returns insectivorous plants to Kew, with questions about their range. Most species seem to have remarkably confined ranges.

Asks for a Bengal Aldrovanda leaf so that he can see whether it differs from the German species.

Roridula interested him extremely.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Daniel Oliver
Date:  19 Oct [1874]
Classmark:  John Hay Library, Brown University (Albert E. Lownes Manuscript Collection, MS.84.2)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9686

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To Daniel Oliver   19 October [1874] …
  • … Manuscript Collection, MS.84.2) Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 Oct [1874] Daniel Oliver …
  • … see letter from Daniel Oliver, 12 October 1874 ). CD discussed differences in the leaves …
  • … and the letter to Daniel Oliver, 14 October 1874 . Oliver sent dried specimens of the …
  • … letter from Daniel Oliver, 12 October 1874 ). These species are discussed in Insectivorous …

To G. H. Darwin   22 October [1874]

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Summary

Sends index [of Descent, 2d ed.] with instructions for proof-reading.

Asks GHD questions about heat transmission; he wants to use it as an analogy to illustrate transmission of motor impulses through leaves of Dionaea.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  22 Oct [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 210.1: 34
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9693

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To G.  H.  Darwin   22 October [1874] …
  • … DAR 210.1: 34 Charles Robert Darwin Down 22 Oct [1874] George Howard Darwin …
  • … letter and the letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 24 October 1874 . George was assisting with the …
  • … edition of Descent , published in a single volume in November 1874 ( letter from R.   …
  • … F.  Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). William Clowes & Sons were the printers used by CD’s …

To Daniel Oliver   14 October 1874

Summary

Thanks him for specimens.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Daniel Oliver
Date:  14 Oct 1874
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.452)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9679

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To Daniel Oliver   14 October 1874
  • … Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.452) Charles Robert Darwin Down 14 Oct 1874 Daniel Oliver …
  • … See letter from Daniel Oliver, 12 October 1874 . Oliver sent fragments of Utricularia …
  • … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Oct 14 th 1874 My dear Prof: Oliver Many thanks for all the …

To W. H. M. Christie   13 October [1874]

Summary

Thanks WHMC and the Astronomer Royal for informing him of the safe arrival of the Merope [Leonard Darwin’s ship] at New Zealand. [See 9677.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Henry Mahoney Christie
Date:  13 Oct [1874]
Classmark:  CUL-RGO 6/273 (section 3-4: 381)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9678A

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To W.  H.  M.  Christie   13 October [1874] …
  • … section 3-4: 381) Charles Robert Darwin Down 13 Oct [1874] William Henry Mahoney Christie …
  • … letter and the letter from W.  H.  M.  Christie, 12 October 1874 . See letter from W.   …
  • … H.  M.  Christie, 12 October 1874  and n.  1. The astronomer royal was George Biddell …

To Edward Frankland   11 October 1874

Summary

Acknowledges the information about the phosphate and about putrefaction. Regrets that there is no knowledge of the conjectured substance. [See 9671.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edward Frankland
Date:  11 Oct 1874
Classmark:  The John Rylands Library, The University of Manchester
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9673A

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To Edward Frankland   11 October 1874
  • … The University of Manchester Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 Oct 1874 Edward Frankland …
  • … letter from Edward Frankland, 9 October 1874 . CD had asked about the specific gravity of …
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Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 23 hits

  • … The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the …
  • … intervals’ ( letter to D. T. Gardner, [ c . 27 August 1874] ). The death of a Cambridge friend, …
  • … and collecting beetles ( letter from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ).  Such reminiscences led Darwin to …
  • … much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). I feel very old & …
  • … old & helpless’  ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] ). Darwin mentioned his poor …
  • … on the matter ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 26 October 1874 ). Séances, psychics, and …
  • … Joseph Dalton Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] ). Later in the month, …
  • … and an imposter’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 27 January 1874 ). Darwin agreed that it was ‘all …
  • … perform his antics’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 29 January [1874] ). This did not stop word getting …
  • … at his home ( letter from T. G. Appleton, 2 April 1874 ). Back over old ground New …
  • … Charles Lyell ( letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 8 January 1874 , letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 …
  • … of correction’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 21 [March 1874] ). The book came out in June with the …
  • … Darwin on this point ( letter from J. D. Dana, 21 July 1874 ); however, he did not retract his …
  • … dog breeders (letters from George Cupples, 21 February 1874 and 12 March 1874 ); the material …
  • … Islands (Hawaii; letters from T. N. Staley, 12 February 1874 and 20 February 1874 ; letters …
  • … islanders ( letter from William Dealtry, 16 January 1874 ). One of the most significant …
  • … enemy into a jelly’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 14 April 1874 ). The technical nature of Huxley’s …
  • … mind where it goes’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 16 April 1874 ). The second edition of  …
  • … would be very good ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). Darwin's son George …
  • … of your thought’ ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 20 April 1874 ). The Mivart affair …
  • … mental and physical disorders (G. H. Darwin 1873b). In July 1874, an anonymous essay appeared in the …
  • … libel’ on his son ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [27 July 1874] ).  George, however, consulted with his …
  • … [a] lying scoundrel’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ). He drafted a brief statement of …

Darwin's 1874 letters go online

Summary

The full transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1874 through his letters and see a full list of the letters. The 1874 letters…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. …
  • … ( Letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ) The Mivart affair highlights …
  • … are some other highlights from Darwin's correspondence in 1874: I feel as old as …
  • … signifying so much.  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) At the age of 65, Darwin …
  • … more quietly was severely tested by some of the events of 1874. He had a clear idea of the shape of …
  • … must be enough for me  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) During the year he …
  • … the positive  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 August [1874] ) – he mourned after several …
  • … day’s work  ( Letter to D. F. Nevill, 18 September [1874] ) Darwin’s family continued …
  • … have to do—  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 November [1874] ) Darwin’s continuing …

St George Jackson Mivart

Summary

In the second half of 1874, Darwin’s peace was disturbed by an anonymous article in the Quarterly Review suggesting that his son George was opposed to the institution of marriage and in favour of ‘unrestrained licentiousness’. Darwin suspected, correctly,…

Matches: 16 hits

  • … In 1874, the Catholic zoologist St George Jackson Mivart caused Darwin and his son …
  • … appeared to have created very little stir, until, in July 1874, Mivart published an anonymous review …
  • … of the Quarterly ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 29 July 1874 ). Darwin hastily advised against …
  • … to wish to circulate ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ). Darwin provided a draft of the …
  • … to endorse them ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 5 August 1874 ). He sent a second draft, which Darwin …
  • … a fair copy of his letter with his letter of 6 [August] 1874 . George and Darwin were also …
  • … George’s letter to Murray with his letter of 11 August 1874 , and was no doubt relieved to …
  • … to all he asked ( letter from John Murray, 12 August 1874 ). In October, George’s letter …
  • … a Pickwickian sense’ ( letter to John Murray, 18 October 1874 ). In other words, Mivart had used …
  • … reaction was savage ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [6 December 1874] ). Hooker and Huxley between them …
  • … the attack on George ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 December 1874 ). Huxley met Mivart at an evening …
  • … ( Enclosure to letter from J. D. Hooker, 21 December 1874 .) A reply soon came from Mivart . …
  • … of a gentleman’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 23 December 1874 ). However, Huxley still wrote to …
  • … this.   124 Gower St W.C. Dec. 24th 1874. Private & Confidential …
  • … to John Tyndall ( letter from John Tyndall, 28 December 1874 , and letter from J. D. Hooker, 29 …
  • … 16 January 1875, p. 66, signed, ‘The Quarterly Reviewer of 1874’. In it he reiterated his claim that …

Lost in translation: From Auguste Forel, 12 November 1874

Summary

You receive a gift from your scientific hero Charles Darwin. It is a book that contains sections on your favourite topic—ants. If only you had paid attention when your mother tried to teach you English you might be able to read it. But you didn’t, and you…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … understand a word. Writing in French on 12 November 1874 to thank Darwin for the book, …

Joseph Simms

Summary

The American doctor and author of works on physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874, while he was staying in London. He enclosed a copy of his book Nature’s revelations of character (Simms 1873). He hoped it might 'prove…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874 , while he was staying in London. …
  • … stockings. (Letter from Joseph Simms, 14 September 1874 ) The foot could tell …

Essay: What is Darwinism?

Summary

—by Asa Gray WHAT IS DARWINISM? The Nation, May 28, 1874 The question which Dr. Hodge asks he promptly and decisively answers: ‘What is Darwinism? it is atheism.’ Leaving aside all subsidiary and incidental matters, let us consider–1. What the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Gray WHAT IS DARWINISM? The Nation, May 28, 1874 The question which Dr. Hodge …

Essay: Evolution & theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray EVOLUTION AND THEOLOGY The Nation, January 15, 1874 The attitude of theologians toward doctrines of evolution, from the nebular hypothesis down to ‘Darwinism,’ is no less worthy of consideration, and hardly less diverse, than that of…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … EVOLUTION AND THEOLOGY The Nation, January 15, 1874 The attitude of theologians toward …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … attack upon Darwin’s son George, in an anonymous review in 1874 (see Correspondence vol. 22, …
  • … had also considered taking up the issue with Murray in 1874, even threatening to break off future …
  • … laid to rest, another controversy was brewing. In December 1874, Darwin had been asked to sign a …
  • … botanical research and had visited Down House in April 1874 (see Correspondence vol. 22, letters …
  • … A scientific friendship had developed between the men in 1874, and this was enhanced by Romanes’s …
  • … white’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, [before 4 November 1874] ).   Testing Pangenesis …
  • … had learned of Lyell’s failing health from Hooker in 1874 and January 1875. On 22 February, he was …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … 9426 - Story-Maskelyne , T. M. to Darwin, [23 April 1874] Thereza Story-Maskelyne …
  • … Letter 9616 - Marshall, T. to Darwin, [September 1874] Theodosia Marshall sends …
  • … 9606 - Harrison, L. C. to Darwin, [22 August 1874] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, sends a …
  • … Letter 9616  - Marshall, T.  to Darwin, [September 1874] Theodosia Marshall details …
  • … Letter 9485 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [8 June 1874] Mary Treat details her experiments …

4.18 'Figaro' chromolithograph 1

Summary

< Back to Introduction In a cartoon of 1874 by Figaro’s French-born artist Faustin Betbeder (known as Faustin), Darwin holds up a mirror reflecting himself and the startled ape sitting beside him. Their hairy bodies, seen against a background of palm…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction In a cartoon of 1874 by Figaro’ s French-born artist Faustin …
  • … this anti-Darwinian argument – a surprising one for 1874 – was genuine or tongue-in-cheek, it is …
  • … appeared on the front page of the issue for 18 February 1874, surrounded by an elaborate wood …
  • … The caricature of Darwin was not included until the May 1874 issue of the Sketch-Book (vol. 1, …
  • … at bottom left. 
 date of creation February 1874 
 computer-readable date c. …
  • … of the Huntington Library. Figaro no. 475 (18 February 1874), cover illustration. James G. …

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)

Summary

George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … started ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] ). Darwin took Emma to a Sunday afternoon at …

4.24 'Daily Graphic', Nast satire

Summary

< Back to Introduction In 1874 the Harvard philosopher John Fiske published his magnum opus, Outlines of Cosmic Philosophy, in which he set out to explain the far-reaching significance of Darwin’s and Herbert Spencer’s evolutionary theories. He…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction In 1874 the Harvard philosopher John Fiske published his magnum …
  • … in 1879 and 1880. When Cosmic Philosophy appeared in 1874, Fiske sent Darwin a copy, but …
  • … mind generally towards the doctrine of Evolution in 1874-1875. I like to keep this design before me …
  • … bottom right) 
 date of creation September 1874 
 computer-readable date 1874-09 …
  • … and bibliography The Daily Graphic 5: 474 (12 Sept. 1874), front page. John Fiske, Outlines …
  • … and New York: Houghton, Mifflin, and London: Macmillan, 1874); there were many subsequent editions. …
  • … letters to Fiske about Outlines : DCP-LETT- 9706 (3 Nov. [1874]) and DCP-LETT- 9749 (8 Dec. [1874

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … to Hermanus Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen, 18 February 1874 ) Zouteveen’s editions of …

Animals, ethics, and the progress of science

Summary

Darwin’s view on the kinship between humans and animals had important ethical implications. In Descent, he argued that some animals exhibited moral behaviour and had evolved mental powers analogous to conscience. He gave examples of cooperation, even…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … can be chloroformed (letter to G. J. Romanes, 27 December 1874 ). In the previous sections …

4.16 Joseph Simms, physiognomy

Summary

< Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a three-year lecture tour of Britain, sent Darwin a copy of his book, Nature’s Revelations of Character; Or, Physiognomy Illustrated. He was seeking a public…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a …
  • … [1861] (DCP-LETT-3256]. Simms’s letter to Darwin, 14 Sept. 1874 (DCP-LETT-9637; from DAR 177:164). …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 1 hits

  • … A GRAY 3 AUGUST 1871 201  TO A GRAY 3 JUNE [1874] 202  FROM A GRAY 16 …

Darwin as mentor

Summary

Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 9580 - Darwin to Darwin, G. H. D., [1 August 1874] Darwin gives feedback on work …
  • … Letter 9613 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [30 August 1874] Darwin comments on a “clever” …

3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871

Summary

< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … 1871, but dates others (still with the spotted waistcoat) to 1874.   Elliott and Fry were …
  • … Table in November 1876. The Pictorial World of 6 June 1874 published a wood engraving which …
  • … taken in summer 1869 and summer 1871, possible also in 1874. 
 computer-readable date c …
  • … 140.1.9). Wood engraving in The Pictorial World (6 June 1874), p. 228 (DAR 140.1.3). Another …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( To Fritz Müller, 25 September 1873 ). But by March 1874, some doubts seemed to have arisen when …
  • … with new & related matter. ( To J. V. Carus, 19 March [1874] ). A year later, Darwin still …

3.16 Oscar Rejlander, photos

Summary

< Back to Introduction Darwin’s plans for the illustration of his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born painter and photographer, Oscar Gustaf Rejlander. Rejlander gave Darwin the notes that he had…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … as a steel engraving, which was published in Nature in 1874, and was included in Francis Darwin …
  • … to the Subscribers to Nature no.  240 June 4 th 1874’. Wood engraving in The Graphic , XI:278 …
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