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Darwin Correspondence Project

From Ernst Krause1    8 January 1881

Berlin N.O. Friedenstrasse 11. 3 Tr.

den 8.1.81.

Hochverehrter Herr!

Ihr gütiges Schreiben vom 4t. c. ist, vermuthlich in Folge einer verzögerten Überfahrt Über den Kanal erst heute in meinen Besitz gelangt,2 und beeile ich mich, Ihnen zu erwiedern, dass, im Falle Sie sich überhaupt zur Publikation einer oder der andern meiner Entgegnungen entschliessen sollten, Ihnen natürlich die Wahl des Organs überlassen ist. Das Athenäum würde offenbar viel geeigneter sein, nicht nur weil es mehr gelesen ist, als auch weil es früher den Artikel bringen würde.3 Ich hatte selbst die Idee, an das “Athenäum” zu schreiben, aber ich bin leider des Englischen nicht in dem Maasse mächtig, um mich darin sicher und geläufig auszudrücken, und ich nehme an, dass man sich in der Redaction kaum die Mühe geben würde, einen eintreffenden deutschen Brief übersetzen zu lassen. Vielleicht würde es besser sein, der Entgegnung für das Athenäum die Form eines Briefes an den Redacteur zu geben, und ich werde auf der andern Seite einen Briefeingang hinzufügen, an den sich das Folgende anschliessen könnte, für den Fall, dass Sie derselben Meinung wären, und die Entgegnung in dieser Form publiciren wollen.4

Offenbar treffen Sie das Richtige, wenn Sie sagen, dass es Herrn Butler in erster Linie darum zu thun ist, Aufsehen zu erregen und sich damit öffentlich zu brüsten, dass er mit Ihnen einen Streit habe. In dieser Erkenntniss bleibt es jedenfalls, meiner Meinung nach das Beste, wenn Sie ihm gar nicht antworten. Anders scheint mir dagegen die Sache mit meiner Entgegnung zu liegen. Dass ich ihm antworte, wird seiner Eitelkeit keine Nahrung zuführen, zumal ihm nachgewiesen wird, dass seine Reclamationen sich um ein Nichts drehen, und auf eine Entstellung des Thatbestandes hinauslaufen. Das Ganze würde lächerlich und nur lächerlich sein, so wie es mit gutem Humor in der St. James Gazette vom 8 Dezemb. dargestellt wurde;5 allein Mr. Butler ist kein Verrückter und leidet auch nicht, wie es dort angedeutet wird, an Verfolgungs-Wahnsinn. Eher an Grössenwahn. Im Uebrigen sind aber seine polemischen Artikel mit einer so raffinirten Schlauheit abgefasst, dass er Jeden, der nicht die Objekte, um die es sich handelt, selbst genau vergleicht, zu täuschen im Stande ist. Auch die Deponirung meines ältern Artikels in der öffentlichen Bibliothek ist nur ein schlaues Manöver,6 bei dem es ihm nicht darum zu thun ist, dass Jemand wirklich beide Abdrücke genau vergleiche, sondern darum, das Publikum glauben zu machen, er müsse völlig Recht haben, denn er legt die Entscheidung in seine Hand. Das zeugt für eine gute Dosis Menschenkenntniss, denn er weiss recht wohl, dass er damit in den Augen weniger weltkluger Personen den Prozess gewinnt, während Niemand das Intresse hat, die “Corpora delicti”7 wirklich eingehend zu vergleichen. Nach alledem glaube ich jetzt nun auch, dass sein Life and Habit wirklich nur ein Plagiat ist.8 Wahrscheinlich hatte er in englischen Journalen eine Analyse der Hering’schen Schrift gelesen, und sich daraus in seiner paradox-phantastischen Manier seine “welterschütternden” Träumereien ausgemalt.9

Selbstverständlich wünsche ich mit diesen Erwägungen nicht, Ihren Entschluss in Betreff des ev. Abdrucks einer Übersetzung meiner Entgegnung irgendwie zu beeinflussen, da ich die Verhältnisse der englischen Polemik so gut wie gar nicht kenne, und Ihnen darin besser informirte Rathgeber zu Gebote stehen werden.

Mit den herzlichsten Wünschen für Ihr Wohlbefinden zeichne ich, hochverehrter Herr | Ihr | treu ergebenster | Ernst Krause

Footnotes

For a translation of this letter, see Appendix I.
Krause had sent CD a reply to accusations by Samuel Butler, suggesting that it might be published in Popular Science Review (see letter from Ernst Krause, 2 January 1881 and enclosure). CD had mentioned that the Athenæum had a larger circulation (letter to Ernst Krause, 4 January [1881]). Butler had used the Athenæum, a weekly journal, to initiate the public controversy with CD (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter to H. E. Litchfield, 1 February [1880] and enclosure 1).
The page containing the new introduction to Krause’s reply to Butler has not been found; the reply was eventually published as a letter to Nature, 27 January 1881, p. 288.
CD had mentioned an abusive letter by Butler in the St James’s Gazette, 8 December 1880, p. 5, and had asked a friend to send a copy to Krause (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter to Ernst Krause, [12 December 1880]). The letter repeated the accusations made by Butler in the Athenæum, 31 January 1880, and Unconscious memory (Butler 1880, pp. 79).
In Unconscious memory (Butler 1880, pp. vii–viii), Butler said he had presented a copy of Krause’s original article from Kosmos (Krause 1879) to the British Museum (British Library).
‘Corpora delicti’ (Latin: bodies of the crime) refers to the legal principle that concrete evidence must be provided of a crime (OED, s.v. corpus delicti).
For Krause’s initial assessment of Life and habit (Butler 1878), see his letter of 23 May 1879 (Correspondence vol. 27).
Life and habit (Butler 1878) first introduced the concept of ‘unconscious memory’, which Butler later elaborated in comparison with the work of Ewald Hering. Butler 1880 included a translation of Hering 1870.

Bibliography

Butler, Samuel. 1878. Life and habit. London: Trübner & Co.

Butler, Samuel. 1880. Unconscious memory: a comparison between the theory of Dr. Ewald Hering, … and the ‘Philosophy of the unconscious’ of Dr. Edward von Hartmann. London: David Bogue.

Hering, Ewald. 1870. Über das Gedächtniss als eine allgemeine Function der organisirten Materie. [Read 30 May 1870.] Almanach der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften 20: 253–78.

Krause, Ernst. 1879a. Erasmus Darwin, der Großvater und Vorkämpfer Charles Darwin’s: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Descendenz-Theorie. Kosmos 4 (1878–9): 397–424.

OED: The Oxford English dictionary. Being a corrected re-issue with an introduction, supplement and bibliography of a new English dictionary. Edited by James A. H. Murray, et al. 12 vols. and supplement. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1970. A supplement to the Oxford English dictionary. 4 vols. Edited by R. W. Burchfield. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1972–86. The Oxford English dictionary. 2d edition. 20 vols. Prepared by J. A. Simpson and E. S. C. Weiner. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1989. Oxford English dictionary additional series. 3 vols. Edited by John Simpson et al. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1993–7.

Translation

From Ernst Krause1    8 January 1881

Berlin N.O. Friedenstrasse 11. 3 Tr.

8.1.81.

Most esteemed Sir!

Your kind letter of the 4th of this month has reached me only today,2 probably as a result of a delayed channel crossing, and I hasten to answer you that, should you decide on actually publishing one or other of my replies, the choice of organ is of course yours. Obviously, the Athenaeum would be much more suited, not only because it is more widely read, but also because the article would be published sooner.3 I myself had considered writing to the “Athenaeum”, but unfortunately I do not have sufficient command of the English language to express myself well and fluently in it, and I expect that the editors will hardly go to the trouble of having an incoming German letter translated. Perhaps it would be preferable to give the refutation for the Athenaeum the form of a letter to the editor, and I will append an introduction to the letter on another page, to which the text that must follow could be attached, should you be of the same opinion, and want to publish the reply in this form.4

Obviously you are correct when you say that Mr Butler is interested in the first place in creating a stir and thereby to boast publicly that he has had a quarrel with you. In recognition of this, it remains at any rate still for the best in my opinion, if you do not reply to him at all. As far as my reply is concerned, however, the matter appears to me to be different. If I reply to him, it will not feed his vanity, especially since it will be shown to him that there is no basis to his complaints and that they amount to a misinterpretation of the facts. The whole matter would be ridiculous and only ridiculous, as it was good-humouredly portrayed in the St. James Gazette of 8 Decemb;5 only, Mr Butler is not a madman nor does he suffer, as was hinted there, from persecution mania. More likely from megalomania. As for the rest, however, his polemical articles are penned with such refined cleverness that he is able to deceive anyone who does not personally compare in detail the objects in question. Likewise, the depositing of my earlier article in the public library is just a slick manoeuvre,6 the object of which is not for people actually to compare carefully both versions, but to make the public believe that he must be right on the grounds that he places the decision in their hands. This evinces a good dose of knowledge of human nature, for he knows well enough that this wins him the case in the eyes of less worldly-wise people, whereas nobody is interested in really thoroughly comparing the “corpora delicti”.7 After all this I, too, now believe that his Life and Habit is just a plagiarism.8 He probably read an analysis of Hering’s book in one of the English journals and imagined from this in his paradoxical and fantastic manner his “earth-shattering” reveries.9

Obviously I don’t wish with these considerations to influence in any way your decision on the possible publication of a translation of my reply, for I know as good as nothing about the terms of English polemics, and I expect there will be better informed advisors on this matter at your disposal.

With very cordial wishes for your health I remain, dear Sir | Yours | sincerely devoted | Ernst Krause

Footnotes

For a transcription of this letter in its original German, see Transcript.
Krause had sent CD a reply to accusations by Samuel Butler, suggesting that it might be published in Popular Science Review (see letter from Ernst Krause, 2 January 1881 and enclosure). CD had mentioned that the Athenæum had a larger circulation (letter to Ernst Krause, 4 January [1881]). Butler had used the Athenæum, a weekly journal, to initiate the public controversy with CD (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter to H. E. Litchfield, 1 February [1880] and enclosure 1).
The page containing the new introduction to Krause’s reply to Butler has not been found; the reply was eventually published as a letter to Nature, 27 January 1881, p. 288.
CD had mentioned an abusive letter by Butler in the St James’s Gazette, 8 December 1880, p. 5, and had asked a friend to send a copy to Krause (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter to Ernst Krause, [12 December 1880]). The letter repeated the accusations made by Butler in the Athenæum, 31 January 1880, and Unconscious memory (Butler 1880, pp. 79).
In Unconscious memory (Butler 1880, pp. vii–viii), Butler said he had presented a copy of Krause’s original article from Kosmos (Krause 1879) to the British Museum (British Library).
‘Corpora delicti’ (Latin: bodies of the crime) refers to the legal principle that concrete evidence must be provided of a crime (OED, s.v. corpus delicti).
For Krause’s initial assessment of Life and habit (Butler 1878), see his letter of 23 May 1879 (Correspondence vol. 27).
Life and habit (Butler 1878) first introduced the concept of ‘unconscious memory’, which Butler later elaborated in comparison with the work of Ewald Hering. Butler 1880 included a translation of Hering 1870.

Bibliography

Butler, Samuel. 1878. Life and habit. London: Trübner & Co.

Butler, Samuel. 1880. Unconscious memory: a comparison between the theory of Dr. Ewald Hering, … and the ‘Philosophy of the unconscious’ of Dr. Edward von Hartmann. London: David Bogue.

Hering, Ewald. 1870. Über das Gedächtniss als eine allgemeine Function der organisirten Materie. [Read 30 May 1870.] Almanach der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften 20: 253–78.

Krause, Ernst. 1879a. Erasmus Darwin, der Großvater und Vorkämpfer Charles Darwin’s: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Descendenz-Theorie. Kosmos 4 (1878–9): 397–424.

OED: The Oxford English dictionary. Being a corrected re-issue with an introduction, supplement and bibliography of a new English dictionary. Edited by James A. H. Murray, et al. 12 vols. and supplement. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1970. A supplement to the Oxford English dictionary. 4 vols. Edited by R. W. Burchfield. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1972–86. The Oxford English dictionary. 2d edition. 20 vols. Prepared by J. A. Simpson and E. S. C. Weiner. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1989. Oxford English dictionary additional series. 3 vols. Edited by John Simpson et al. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1993–7.

Summary

CD may choose where to publish EK’s reply to Butler. Would prefer Athenæum. Thinks it better that CD not reply himself.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-12993
From
Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause
To
Charles Robert Darwin
Sent from
Berlin
Source of text
DAR 92: B62
Physical description
ALS 2pp (German)

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 12993,” accessed on 24 April 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-12993.xml

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