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Darwin Correspondence Project

From Ernst Krause1   23 May 1879

Berlin N.O. Friedenstrasse 10. II.

den 23.5.79.

Hochverehrter Herr!

Nachdem ich das Buch des Herrn S. Butler, welches Sie die Güte hatten, mir senden zu lassen, nunmehr gelesen habe, freue ich mich doppelt, dass Sie dasselbe nicht als Hinderniss betrachten.2 Herr Butler hat sich in der That nach seiner gewöhnlichen Art, die Sache sehr leicht gemacht, und wie mir scheint, nicht einmal die Mühe genommen, die Werke von Dr. Erasmus Darwin selbst zu lesen. Er citirt nur, was Dr. Dowson und Fräulein Seward citirt haben, und ist auf den “Tempel der Natur” ebensowenig wie auf den botanischen Garten näher eingegangen, trotzdem der letztere so reich an fruchtbaren Gedanken war, und der erstere doch als die reifste Darstellung seines Sÿstems nothwendig berücksichtigt werden musste.3 Fast scheint es mir daher, dass eine gründliche Darstellung nach Erscheinen des Butler’schen Buches nothwendiger geworden ist, als sie vorher war.

Was die deutsche Ausgabe anbelangt, so denke ich Ihre Praeliminar Notice unbedingt unverändert dem Buche voranzustellen, denn dieselbe wird naturgemäss für den deutschen Leser den Mittelpunkt des Interesses bilden.4 Vielleicht wird es geeignet sein, über einzelne Persönlichkeiten und Dinge, die Sie bei dem englischen Leser als bekannt voraussetzen dürfen, meinerseits in Anmerkungen, die an den Schluss des Bändchens zu stellen sein würden, einige Ausführungen hinzuzufügen; so über die Personen, an welche seine Briefe gerichtet waren, u.s.w.5 Über den letzteren Punkt werde ich natürlich einen bestimmten Entschluss erst durch die Ansicht Ihrer Druckbogen gewinnen. Für die Uebersetzung der poëtischen Citate in’s Deutsche habe ich einen in solchen Arbeiten sehr geschickten Freund gewonnen, und ich dachte deshalb diese Citate noch etwas zu vermehren, durch die bezeichnenden Stellen über die französische Revolution, die Philanthropie und vielleicht auch durch Mittheilung einiger Gelegenheitsgedichte, wie desjenigen an Dr. Boulton in Betreff der Theevase u.s.w.6

Butler’s “Life and habit” ist, wie ich nun selbst gesehen habe, durch Dr. Hermann Mueller im “Kosmos” viel zu günstig beurtheilt worden.7 Es ist eine auf manche Fälle vielleicht anwendbare Idee, die aber in ihrer Tragweite überschätzt wird, wenn man in ihr die Lösung aller Räthsel sucht, und ich habe mich schon gewundert, keine Opposition aus dem Kreise der deutschen Leser u Mitarbeiter des Kosmos darüber vernommen zu haben. Ich würde allerdings sehr glücklich darüber sein, wenn Sie über solche oder ähnliche Differenzpunkte Ihre Ansichten für unsere Zeitschrift einmal niederschreiben wollten, oder uns eine Notiz über den Stand Ihrer jetzigen Experimente zukommen lassen wollten, aber ich will Sie ganz gewiss auch nicht bitten, aus blossem Wohlwollen, eine Arbeit zu beginnen, die Ihnen vielleicht nicht sÿmpathisch wäre. Nur das möchte ich betonen, dass unsre Leser, mit den höchst vereinzelten Ausnahmen etlicher Gegner, die das Journal nur aus Politik lesen, alle Ihre begeisterten Verehrer sind, für die irgend eine kleine Notiz oder Zuschrift von Ihnen ein freudiges Ereigniss wäre.

Verzeihen Sie, hochverehrter Herr, wenn in diesen Zeilen unversehens der Redacteur des Kosmos durchgeblickt hat | Ihrem treulich ergebensten | Ernst Krause

Footnotes

For a translation of this letter, see Appendix I.
CD had arranged to have a copy of Samuel Butler’s book Evolution, old and new (S. Butler 1879) sent to Krause (letter to Ernst Krause, 13 May 1879). S. Butler 1879 included a discussion of the evolutionary theories of CD’s grandfather Erasmus Darwin. Krause and CD were working on a joint publication on Erasmus (Erasmus Darwin). Although CD had only glanced at Butler’s book, he informed Krause it would not deter him from publication (see letter to Ernst Krause, 14 May 1879).
Krause refers to John Dowson and Dowson 1861, and Anna Seward and Seward 1804. The Temple of nature (E. Darwin 1803) and the Botanic garden (E. Darwin 1789–91) were two of Erasmus Darwin’s principal works. For Butler’s treatment of the life and views of Erasmus Darwin, see S. Butler 1879, pp. 173–234.
CD’s ‘Preliminary notice’ for Erasmus Darwin was unchanged in the German translation (Krause 1880).
In Krause 1880, CD’s own notes remained within the text of his ‘Preliminary notice’, but notes added by Krause were numbered and appeared at the end of the book.
In Krause 1880, p. vi, Krause thanked Johann H. Becker and Karl Kösting for translating the poetry in the volume. Among several additional quotations of poetry by Erasmus Darwin, Krause included the first verse of Erasmus’s short poem ‘Directions for a tea vase’, addressed to Matthew Boulton, in English and German translation (Krause 1880, pp. 185–6). The poem had appeared posthumously in the Gentleman’s Magazine, June 1802, p. 543.
Hermann Müller had published an essay review of Butler’s book Life and Habit (S. Butler 1878) in Kosmos (H. Müller 1879c). Müller’s review was generally favourable; he did not view Butler’s theory as opposed to natural selection, rather he concluded that it was an important complement to CD’s theory (ibid., p. 38). Krause had become sole editor of Kosmos in April 1879.

Bibliography

Butler, Samuel. 1878. Life and habit. London: Trübner & Co.

Butler, Samuel. 1879. Evolution, old and new: or, the theories of Buffon, Dr. Erasmus Darwin, and Lamarck, as compared with that of Mr. Charles Darwin. London: Hardwicke and Bogue.

Darwin, Erasmus. 1789–91. The botanic garden; a poem, in two parts. Pt 1. The economy of vegetation. London: J. Johnson. 1791. Pt 2. The loves of the plants. With philosophical notes. Lichfield: J. Jackson. 1789.

Darwin, Erasmus. 1803. The temple of nature; or, the origin of society: a poem. With philosophical notes. 2 pts. London: J. Johnson.

Dowson, John. 1861. Erasmus Darwin: philosopher, poet, and physician. A lecture to the Literary and Philosophical Society of Whitby. London: H. K. Lewis.

Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated from the German by W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1879.

Krause, Ernst. 1880. Erasmus Darwin und seine Stellung in der Geschichte der Descendenz-Theorie von Ernst Krause. Mit seinem Lebens- und Charakterbilde von Charles Darwin. Leipzig: Ernst Günther.

Müller, Hermann. 1879c. Samuel Butler’s Gedanken über die Rolle der Gedächtniß-Uebung in der Entwickelungsgeschichte. [Review of Life and habit, by Samuel Butler.] Kosmos 5: 23–38.

Seward, Anna. 1804. Memoirs of the life of Dr. Darwin. London: J. Johnson.

Translation

From Ernst Krause1   23 May 1879

Berlin N.O. Friedenstrasse 10. II.

23.5.79.

Highly esteemed Sir!

Now after having read the book by Mr S. Butler, which you had the kindness to send me, I am doubly glad that you do not regard it as an obstacle.2 Indeed, Mr Butler made things easy for himself in his usual manner, and, as it seems to me, has not even taken the trouble to read for himself the works of Dr Erasmus Darwin. He merely quotes what Dr Dowson and Miss Seward have quoted, and goes into just as little detail on the “Temple of Nature” as on the Botanic Garden, even though the latter was so rich in fertile ideas and the former absolutely deserved consideration as the most mature presentation of his system.3 So it almost seems to me that a thorough account has become more necessary following the appearance of Butler’s book, than it was before.

As concerns the German edition, I intend to preface the book with your preliminary notice absolutely unaltered, for naturally it will be of central interest to the German reader.4 For particular persons and matters that you can assume the English reader to be familiar with, it will perhaps be appropriate on my part to add a number of remarks in notes that would be appended at the end of the volume; for example, concerning the persons his letters were addressed to, etc.5 With respect to this last point I will of course be able to arrive at a decision only upon seeing your proof-sheets. For the translation of the poetic quotations into German I have found a friend who is very skillful in this kind of thing, and it therefore occurred to me to increase the number of these quotations somewhat, by adding significant passages on the French Revolution, philanthropy and perhaps also by including a number of occasional poems, such as the one to Dr Boulton regarding the tea vase etc.6

As I have now seen for myself, Butler’s “Life and Habit” was judged much too favourably by Dr Hermann Müller in “Kosmos”.7 Perhaps the idea can be applied to a certain number of instances, but its implications are being overestimated when one sees in it the solution of all problems, and I have been surprised not to hear any objections from the circle of the German readers of & contributors to Kosmos about this. It would certainly make me very happy if you were to write down your views on this or related issues for our journal some time, or if you were to let us have a note on the latest state of your current experiments, but I certainly do not want to ask you to embark on a labour that you might dislike just to please us. I would just like to emphasise however, that our readers, with the very rare exception of some opponents who read the journal merely for political reasons, all admire you enthusiastically and for them some brief note or communication on your part would be a happy occurence.

Forgive me, highly esteemed Sir, if in these lines the editor of Kosmos peeped through unexpectedly | Yours truly devoted | Ernst Krause

Footnotes

For a transcription of this letter in its original German, see Transcript.
CD had arranged to have a copy of Samuel Butler’s book Evolution, old and new (S. Butler 1879) sent to Krause (letter to Ernst Krause, 13 May 1879). S. Butler 1879 included a discussion of the evolutionary theories of CD’s grandfather Erasmus Darwin. Krause and CD were working on a joint publication on Erasmus (Erasmus Darwin). Although CD had only glanced at Butler’s book, he informed Krause it would not deter him from publication (see letter to Ernst Krause, 14 May 1879).
Krause refers to John Dowson and Dowson 1861, and Anna Seward and Seward 1804. The Temple of nature (E. Darwin 1803) and the Botanic garden (E. Darwin 1789–91) were two of Erasmus Darwin’s principal works. For Butler’s treatment of the life and views of Erasmus Darwin, see S. Butler 1879, pp. 173–234.
CD’s ‘Preliminary notice’ for Erasmus Darwin was unchanged in the German translation (Krause 1880).
In Krause 1880, CD’s own notes remained within the text of his ‘Preliminary notice’, but notes added by Krause were numbered and appeared at the end of the book.
In Krause 1880, p. vi, Krause thanked Johann H. Becker and Karl Kösting for translating the poetry in the volume. Among several additional quotations of poetry by Erasmus Darwin, Krause included the first verse of Erasmus’s short poem ‘Directions for a tea vase’, addressed to Matthew Boulton, in English and German translation (Krause 1880, pp. 185–6). The poem had appeared posthumously in the Gentleman’s Magazine, June 1802, p. 543.
Hermann Müller had published an essay review of Butler’s book Life and Habit (S. Butler 1878) in Kosmos (H. Müller 1879c). Müller’s review was generally favourable; he did not view Butler’s theory as opposed to natural selection, rather he concluded that it was an important complement to CD’s theory (ibid., p. 38). Krause had become sole editor of Kosmos in April 1879.

Bibliography

Butler, Samuel. 1878. Life and habit. London: Trübner & Co.

Butler, Samuel. 1879. Evolution, old and new: or, the theories of Buffon, Dr. Erasmus Darwin, and Lamarck, as compared with that of Mr. Charles Darwin. London: Hardwicke and Bogue.

Darwin, Erasmus. 1789–91. The botanic garden; a poem, in two parts. Pt 1. The economy of vegetation. London: J. Johnson. 1791. Pt 2. The loves of the plants. With philosophical notes. Lichfield: J. Jackson. 1789.

Darwin, Erasmus. 1803. The temple of nature; or, the origin of society: a poem. With philosophical notes. 2 pts. London: J. Johnson.

Dowson, John. 1861. Erasmus Darwin: philosopher, poet, and physician. A lecture to the Literary and Philosophical Society of Whitby. London: H. K. Lewis.

Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated from the German by W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1879.

Krause, Ernst. 1880. Erasmus Darwin und seine Stellung in der Geschichte der Descendenz-Theorie von Ernst Krause. Mit seinem Lebens- und Charakterbilde von Charles Darwin. Leipzig: Ernst Günther.

Müller, Hermann. 1879c. Samuel Butler’s Gedanken über die Rolle der Gedächtniß-Uebung in der Entwickelungsgeschichte. [Review of Life and habit, by Samuel Butler.] Kosmos 5: 23–38.

Seward, Anna. 1804. Memoirs of the life of Dr. Darwin. London: J. Johnson.

Summary

Samuel Butler seems not even to have read works of Erasmus Darwin. Quotes only passages quoted by other authors. Thorough account now more necessary than ever.

CD’s preliminary notice should be incorporated in German edition completely unchanged, though some annotation is needed to explain matters unfamiliar to German readers.

Would like to have article by CD for Kosmos.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-12060
From
Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause
To
Charles Robert Darwin
Sent from
Berlin
Source of text
DAR 92: B28
Physical description
ALS 2pp (German)

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 12060,” accessed on 23 April 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-12060.xml

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