From J. D. Hooker 20 February – 16 [March] 1848
Summary
Though correspondence has never ebbed so low, CD is constantly in his thoughts.
Observations on cheetahs used as domesticated hunting animals.
Finds geographical barriers sometimes separate species, but also finds species that remain separate where there are no barriers to migration.
Colour "individuates" isolated animal species.
Plains and alpine animal distribution show altitude not strictly analogous to latitude.
Impact of timber cutting on climate has led to extinction of crocodiles.
Will discuss coal formation in letter to Edward Forbes.
CD often asked whether isolated mountains in southern latitudes had closely allied representatives of Arctic and north temperate plants; JDH has found a representative barberry.
Making for Darjeeling via Calcutta.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 20 Feb – 16 [Mar] 1848 |
| Classmark: | Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (India letters 1847–51: 52–4 JDH/1/10) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1158 |
Matches: 13 hits
- … Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (India letters 1847–51: 52–4 JDH/1/10) Joseph Dalton Hooker …
- … Darwin, Erasmus. 1789–91. The botanic garden; a poem, in two parts. Pt 1. The economy of …
- … s father, William Jackson Hooker , had been director of Kew Gardens since 1841. He had …
- … grounds and scientific functions of the gardens, opening a Museum of Economic Botany in …
- … Autumn. he has a Herculean task at the Gardens, all but as bad as my F. had at Kew. 4.4 …
- … and the story of its farm, museum, gardens, menagerie and library. London: Cassell. …
- … to Vallisneria in your grandfather’s “Botanic Garden”— I have found what I take to be a …
- … I hope. My address always is the Bot. Gardens, Calcutta care of Falconer who will forward …
- … Sir L. Peel’s an ardent Gardening Botanist who lives opposite the Bot. Garden & which I …
- … hence prefer & the Garden itself where I did not put up before Falconer’s arrival not …
- … good Mammalia & Bird man’ (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Indian Letters 1847–51: 32). Elliot …
- … superintendent of the Calcutta botanic gardens and professor of botany at the Calcutta …
- … was in charge of the Calcutta botanic gardens from 1846 to 1848. A light litter for one, …
From J. D. Hooker 24 July [1848]
Summary
Brian Hodgson reading CD’s Journal of researches with delight.
Forwarding breeding pamphlets.
JDH recommends P. S. Pallas on degeneration.
CD’s facts on sex in barnacles startling.
Hugh Falconer’s health.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 24 July [1848] |
| Classmark: | Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (India letters 1847–51: 94 JDH/1/10) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1193 |
To J. W. Lubbock [December 1848–9]
Summary
Obliged for drawings and coins. Cannot tell what the stone is.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John William Lubbock, 3d baronet |
| Date: | [Dec 1848–9] |
| Classmark: | Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1210 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection) Charles Robert …
From J. D. Hooker 13 October 1848
Summary
Hugh Falconer’s misbehaviour.
Waiting out rains at Brian Hodgson’s.
Will make botanical transverse section of Himalayas from plains to snow.
Arrangements to pass Sikkim Rajah’s territory.
No evidence of glacial or diluvial action in sub-Himalayan mountains. No evidence of detrital coal formation.
Hodgson’s replies to CD on introduced species and hybrids.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 13 Oct 1848 |
| Classmark: | Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (India letters 1847–51: 112–14 JDH/1/10) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1203 |
To Richard Owen [4 February 1848]
Summary
Has been invited to contribute geological instructions [to J. F. W. Herschel, ed., Manual of scientific enquiry (1849); Collected papers 1: 227–50]. Asks RO whether remarks on coral reefs appertain to geology rather than zoology.
Looks forward to visit by Owens.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Richard Owen |
| Date: | [4 Feb 1848] |
| Classmark: | Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1150 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection) Charles Robert …
To Richard Owen [26 March 1848]
Summary
Describes his new microscope and its advantages for dissecting. Suggests RO might discuss topic [in his contribution to J. F. W. Herschel, ed., Manual of scientific enquiry (1849)].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Richard Owen |
| Date: | [26 Mar 1848] |
| Classmark: | Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1166 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection) Charles Robert …
To J. D. Hooker 6 October [1848]
Summary
CD makes progress with barnacles. Describes "supplemental" males in detail. In working out metamorphosis, their crustacean homologies followed automatically.
CD opposes appending first describer’s name to specific name.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 6 Oct [1848] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 112a |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1202 |
To Andrew Crombie Ramsay 4 February [1848]
Summary
Invites him to dinner on Saturday the 12th. Charles and Mrs Lyell, Edward Forbes, Richard Owen, and Thomas Bell coming also.
"Will you bring your map of S. America … and we will have a talk over it."
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Andrew Crombie Ramsay |
| Date: | 4 Feb [1848] |
| Classmark: | Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1152 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Sunday. — Rose betimes, had a walk in the gardens, and came in to breakfast. Set to work …
| letter | (8) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (5) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (3) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (3) |
| Owen, Richard | (2) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (1) |
| Lubbock, J. W. (b) | (1) |
| Ramsay, A. C. | (1) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (8) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (4) |
| Owen, Richard | (2) |
| Lubbock, J. W. (b) | (1) |
| Ramsay, A. C. | (1) |
17 Spring Gardens, London
Summary
Darwin in London preparing for the voyage
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin is living in London persuading Fitzroy to accept him on the voyage and preparing clothing, …
Photograph album of Dutch admirers
Summary
Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…
Matches: 1 hits
- … with his works. In 1868, Darwin wrote to the zoological gardens in Amsterdam (Natura Artis …
Descent
Summary
There are more than five hundred letters associated with the research and writing of Darwin’s book, Descent of man and selection in relation to sex (Descent). They trace not only the tortuous route to eventual publication, but the development of Darwin’s…
Matches: 1 hits
- … a multitude of breeders & visiting them & the zoological Gardens ’. One of those breeders …
People featured in the Dutch photograph album
Summary
Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …
Matches: 9 hits
- … Anthony) Director of the Rotterdam Zoological Gardens, President of the Netherland …
- … de Piscieulturist at the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens "Natura Artis Magistra" …
- … President of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens "Natura Artis Magistra" …
- … Director of the Hague Royal Zoological Botanical Gardens. 54 Den Haag 28 may …
- … A Director of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens “Natura Artis Magistra”. …
- … A Director of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens “Natura Artis Mag.” …
- … Director of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens “Natura Artis Magistra”. …
- … Assistant Director of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens “Natura Artis Mag.” …
- … of the Leijden University’s Royal Botanical Gardens. Leiden …
Before Origin: the ‘big book’
Summary
Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…
Matches: 1 hits
- … to ‘experimentise’ on the hawks in the Zoological Gardens . He was delighted when the birds …
Darwin’s hothouse and lists of hothouse plants
Summary
Darwin became increasingly involved in botanical experiments in the years after the publication of Origin. The building of a small hothouse - a heated greenhouse - early in 1863 greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific…
People featured in the Dutch photograph album
Summary
List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…
Matches: 9 hits
- … Anthony) Director of the Rotterdam Zoological Gardens, President of the Netherland …
- … de Pisciculturist at the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens "Natura Artis Magistra" …
- … President of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens "Natura Artis Magistra" …
- … Director of the Hague Royal Zoological Botanical Gardens. 54 Den Haag 28 May …
- … A Director of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens “Natura Artis Magistra”. …
- … A Director of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens “Natura Artis Magistra”. …
- … Director of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens “Natura Artis Magistra”. …
- … Assistant Director of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens “Natura Artis Magistra”. …
- … of the Leijden University’s Royal Botanical Gardens. Leiden …
Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
Matches: 1 hits
- … 2 April 1874 ), a high price that aggrieved Darwin. Gardens and gardeners Darwin’s …
Orchids
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A project to follow On the Origin of Species Darwin began to observe English orchids and collect specimens from abroad in the years immediately following the publication of On the Origin of Species. Examining…
Darwin’s queries on expression
Summary
When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…
Joseph Dalton Hooker
Summary
The 1400 letters exchanged between Darwin and Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911) account for around 10% of Darwin’s surviving correspondence and provide a structure within which all the other letters can be explored. They are a connecting thread that spans…
Matches: 3 hits
Instinct and the Evolution of Mind
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Slave-making ants For Darwin, slave-making ants were a powerful example of the force of instinct. He used the case of the ant Formica sanguinea in the On the Origin of Species to show how instinct operates—how…
Dipsacus and Drosera: Frank’s favourite carnivores
Summary
In Autumn of 1875, Francis Darwin was busy researching aggregation in the tentacles of Drosera rotundifolia (F. Darwin 1876). This phenomenon occurs when coloured particles within either protoplasm or the fluid in the cell vacuole (the cell sap) cluster…
Matches: 3 hits
Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments
Summary
The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…
Matches: 4 hits
- … and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and J. D. Hooker’s father, …
- … Scott in 1862, when Scott was working at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh, that he should repeat …
- … had recently accepted the position of curator of the botanic gardens at Calcutta. Scott eventually …
- … had been offered the directorship of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew ( letter from F. H. Hooker, 13 …
4.51 Frederick Holder 'Life and Work'
Summary
< Back to Introduction A popular biography of Darwin for young readers by the American naturalist Charles Frederick Holder, published in 1891, sought to present him as ‘an example to the youth of all lands’ (p. v). Thus ‘our hero’ was shown to have…
Matches: 1 hits
- … can be seen a distant view of Down House amid its trees and gardens, with smoke rising from the …
British Association meeting 1860
Summary
Several letters refer to events at the British Association for the Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the meeting but in the end was unable to. The most famous incident of the meeting was the verbal…
Matches: 1 hits
- … by Natural Selection—a theory open—like the Zoological Gardens (from a particular cage in which it …
The Lyell–Lubbock dispute
Summary
In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…
'An Appeal' against animal cruelty
Summary
The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The pamphlet, which protested against the cruelty of steel vermin…
Matches: 1 hits
- … for the prize, was held at the Royal Horticultural Gardens, South Kensington, in June 1864 ( The …
Perfect copper-plate hand: From Adolf Reuter, 30 May 1869
Summary
My favourite correspondent was chosen not because he is a brilliant conversationalist or a significant scientific thinker – but after a decade of reading a series of challenging hand writings, my favourite is the one who wrote in a perfect copper-plate…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Ghent, Paris, and Kew. He started at the royal botanic gardens at Sanssouci as a planteur, rising …
2.18 Montford, Carnegie bust
Summary
< Back to Introduction In 1901 the immensely rich steel manufacturer and business magnate Andrew Carnegie commissioned Horace Montford for two bronze busts of Darwin. The exact circumstances of the commission are unknown, but Carnegie must have been…
Matches: 1 hits
- … present author. John van Wyhe records a third bronze at Kew Gardens, and various plaster casts of …
