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To G. H. Darwin   30 January [1874?]

Summary

Returns and sends comments on Clarke Hawkshaw’s essay ‘The persistence of forms of life in the depths of the sea’.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  30 Jan [1874?]
Classmark:  DAR 185: 152
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7466F

Matches: 18 hits

  • … pp. 513–15. Carpenter, William Benjamin, et al. 1869. Preliminary report of the scientific …
  • … of the deep sea in H.M. Surveying-vessel ‘Porcupine,’ during the summer of 1869. [ …
  • … Received 18 November 1869. ] Proceedings …
  • … of the Royal Society of London 18 (1869–70): 397–492. Davidson, Thomas. 1880. Report on …
  • … Brachiopoda (lamp-shells) were considered to be a class of molluscs until 1869 (see T. …
  • … H. Huxley 1869 , pp. 27–30, and Davidson 1880 ). C. W. Thomson 1873a , pp. 467–501. C. …
  • … Lightning’ during the summers of 1868, 1869 and 1870. London: Macmillan and Co. Thomson, …
  • … Society of London 27: xxx–lxxv. Thomson, Charles Wyville. 1869. The depths of the …
  • … sea. [Read 10 April 1869. ] Journal of the Royal Dublin Society 5 (1870): 316–26. Thomson, …
  • … obtained in the dredging expeditions since 1869 render it probable that the temperature …
  • … as low as 0°.C. {for Porcupine expedition 1869 & 1870 cf. pg s . 142, 202   Depths of the …
  • … 347 & 400. } In the Porcupine expedition of 1869 the highest temperature found at a depth …
  • … at station 37 for instance. Porcupine 1869) some other cause than temperature or pressure …
  • … found at Station 37 (of the Porcupine 1869) in a depth of 2435 fath s . with a temperature …
  • … in his paper ‘The depths of the sea’ ( C. W. Thomson 1869 , pp. 320–1). See C. W. …
  • … temperatures, and positions for the 1869 and 1870 voyages of the Porcupine dredging …
  • … identified, were cited in Carpenter et al. 1869 . Joseph Prestwich had referred to this …
  • … zone to the deep sea. Carpenter et al. 1869 , pp. 477–8. At this time, the Protozoa (first …

From A. V. W. Bikkers   27 August 1874

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Summary

Reports on a crossbreed between a duck and a fowl, having duck’s beak, partly webbed feet, and fowl’s feathers.

Author:  Alexander V. W Bikkers
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 Aug 1874
Classmark:  DAR 160: 184
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9608

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Hermann Böhlau. Schleicher, August. 1869. Darwinism tested by the science of language. …
  • … to Dr Ernst Haeckel ) into English ( Schleicher 1863 , Schleicher 1869 ). There is a …
  • … annotated copy of Bikkers’s translation ( Schleicher 1869 ) in the Darwin Library–CUL. …

From A. W. Bennett   21 September 1874

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Summary

Sends papers and references.

Reports his microscopic observations on Drosera and other plants.

Author:  Alfred William Bennett
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 Sept 1874
Classmark:  DAR 160: 142
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9648

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Journal 15 (1876): 1–5. Hoffmann, Hermann. 1869. Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung des Werthes …
  • … des Werthes von Species u. Varietäten” (1869) with which I am not acquainted. I have been …
  • … of the Darwinian hypothesis; Hoffmann 1869 ) is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. …

From C. G. Semper   25 January 1874

Summary

Discusses coral reefs

and encloses a copy of his "Reisebericht" [Z. Wiss. Zool. 13 (1863): 538–70], as requested by CD.

Author:  Carl Gottfried Semper
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Jan 1874
Classmark:  DAR 177: 135
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9255

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Zoologie 13: 558–69. Semper, Carl. 1869. Die Philippinen und ihre Bewohner. Sechs Skizzen. …
  • … finden; der kurze Aufsatz ist wieder 1869 in “Die Philippinen und ihre Bewohner” unver
  • … based; this brief essay was reprinted in 1869 in “Die Philippinen und ihre Bewohner”, with …
  • … 1863 , pp. 563–9 is reprinted in Semper 1869 (The Philippines and their inhabitants), pp. …

From Eliza Meteyard   20 April 1874

Summary

The memorial failed last autumn. She asks for CD’s signature again so that it may be presented now that there is a new Government.

Her [Wedgwood] Handbook is now in press.

Author:  Eliza Meteyard
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 171: 163
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9422

Matches: 3 hits

  • … petition for a Civil List pension of £60 for Meteyard in 1869 (see Correspondence vol.   …
  • … 17, letter to John Lubbock, [before 13 February 1869] and n.   …
  • … and letter to Eliza Meteyard, [18 February 1869] ). Dudley Francis Stuart Ryder , Viscount …

From H. H. Howorth   [27 January 1874]

Summary

Sends paper ["Strictures on Darwinism, pt 2", J. Anthropol. Inst. 3 (1874): 208–28].

Refers to articles in the Art Journal on changes in English countenance since the Tudor period.

Author:  Henry Hoyle Howorth
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [27 Jan 1874]
Classmark:  DAR 166: 279
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9210

Matches: 4 hits

  • … New Zealand Government. Howorth, Henry Hoyle. 1869–74. The westerly drifting of the nomads …
  • … of the Ethnological Society of London 1 (1869): 12–34, 378–87; 2 (1870): 83–95, 182–92, …
  • … 26 January 1874, p.  9). Beginning in 1869, Howorth published a twelve-part paper on the …
  • … movement to the west from Asia ( Howorth 1869–74 ). See letter from H.  H.  Howorth, 3  …

From Chauncey Wright   3 September 1874

Summary

Writes at length on the origins and meanings of particular head movements as used to express assent or disagreement, especially the sideways movements of the head as an expression of consideration or contemplation.

Also discusses space and colour perception.

Author:  Chauncey Wright
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  3 Sept 1874
Classmark:  DAR 181: 172, 173 f. 6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9624

Matches: 6 hits

  • … London: John Murray. 1872. Scott, John. 1869. A list of the higher cryptogams cultivated …
  • … Horticultural Society of India n.s. 1 (1869): 200–64. Sophocles, Evangelinus Apostolides. …
  • … 2d ed. , p.  289. Liddell and Scott 1869 , p.  800. Jane Loring Gray had written …
  • … during her trip on the Nile with Asa Gray in 1869 (see Correspondence vol.  17, letter …
  • … from Asa Gray and Jane Loring Gray, 8 and 9 May 1869 ). …
  • … See Liddell and Scott 1869 , pp.  102–3 and 800. CD argued that some expressions derived …

To T. H. Huxley   22 December [1874]

Summary

Thanks THH and Hooker for defending George Darwin against Mivart’s libel.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  22 Dec [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 145: 273
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9769

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Bibliography [Mivart, St George Jackson. ] 1869. Difficulties of the theory of natural …
  • … the theory of natural selection’ ( [Mivart] 1869 ), which was published anonymously in the …
  • … There is an annotated copy of [Mivart] 1869  in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL.  No …

From Thomas Meehan   22 September 1874

Summary

Sends CD his photo

and a copy of his address at Hartford ["Change by gradual modification not the universal law", Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. (1874) pt 2: 7–12]. Does not believe his observations are unfavourable to natural selection but feels there are other factors involved in the origin of form.

Discusses further his work on colour and sex in plants; the linking of high colour and maleness.

Author:  Thomas Meehan
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 Sept 1874
Classmark:  DAR 171: 110
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9651

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Meehan, Thomas. 1869. On the sexes of plants. …
  • … Association for the Advancement of Science (1869): 256–60. Meehan, Thomas. 1874. Change by …
  • … colour in relation to sex, see Meehan 1869  and 1870. Daucus carota (wild carrot) has …

To John Murray   18 October 1874

Summary

Thanks for Quarterly Review [Oct 1874, containing G. H. Darwin’s letter and a rejoinder]. Is convinced the author is Mivart. Is therefore not surprised at malice in the article attacking his son [George Darwin] and grossly misrepresenting CD.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  18 Oct 1874
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms. 42152 ff. 345–6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9685

Matches: 2 hits

  • … and Hall. [Mivart, St George Jackson. ] 1869. Difficulties of the theory of natural …
  • … on the theory of natural selection for the Month , a Catholic journal ( [Mivart] 1869 ). …

From W. W. Reade   18 December [1874]

Summary

Bishop J. W. Colenso supports his old contention that the Kaffirs (including Zulus of South Africa) are Negroes.

[Horace Waller’s] The last journals of David Livingstone [in central Africa (1874)] cites CD’s plant research and has many facts "for Darwin".

Author:  William Winwood Reade
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  18 Dec [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 176: 72
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9764

Matches: 1 hit

  • … s Für Darwin ( F.  Müller 1864 ), Facts and arguments for Darwin (Dallas trans.  1869). …

From T. M. Coan   14 February 1874

Summary

On the declining population of the Hawaiian Islands [see Descent (1875), pp. 186–7, 187–8 n. 43].

Author:  Titus Munson Coan
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Feb 1874
Classmark:  DAR 69: A11, DAR 90: 40–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9290

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Is. , p.  110. Hopkins’ Hawaii, Lond.  1869.  c. xxiii ; in 1840, in 1 district, but 1 4 …
  • … See Manley Hopkins 1862 , pp.  368–9. The 1869 edition of Manley Hopkins’s Hawaii was …
  • … printed in New York; no London edition of 1869 has been found. See Anderson 1870 , p.   …

To Fritz Müller   1 January 1874

Summary

Thanks for two pamphlets.

Sends Thomas Belt’s [The naturalist in Nicaragua (1874)], "the best Nat. Hist. book of travels ever published".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  1 Jan 1874
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 36)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9223

Matches: 2 hits

  • … crosses in species of Abutilon (Indian mallow) in 1869 and reported his initial results to …
  • … CD in a letter of 18 October 1869 ( Correspondence vol.  17). In F.  Müller 1871–3 , pp.   …

From Fritz Müller   [c. January 1874]

Summary

Agrees with Bates that neuter termites are not modified imagos (sterile females), but modified larvae (of both sexes).

Systematic relations of stingless honey-bees (Melipona and Trigona) are not yet well established.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [c. Jan 1874]
Classmark:  Nature, 19 February 1874, p. 309
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9281

Matches: 2 hits

  • … about six weeks. Müller began studying termites around 1869. Müller sent a description of …
  • … nest to Hermann August Hagen on 30 August 1869; Hagen presented it at a meeting of the …

From T. M. Reade   21 November 1874

Summary

Sends his paper ["Tidal action as a geological cause", Proc. Liverpool Geol. Soc. 2 (1874): 50–72].

Has not yet studied CD’s list of South American molluscs.

Author:  Thomas Mellard Reade
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 Nov 1874
Classmark:  DAR 176: 28
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9370

Matches: 1 hit

  • … 10 February 1874. ] Proceedings of the Liverpool Geological Society 2 (1869–74): 50–72. …

To W. B. Tegetmeier   18 February 1874

Summary

Thanks for answering his query on greyhound puppies.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  18 Feb 1874
Classmark:  Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9300

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Walsh , a correspondent of CD’s who died in 1869. See letter from W.  B.  Tegetmeier, 17  …

To W. G. Kemp   11 November [1874]

Summary

Responds to the correspondent's comments on natural selection.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Walter Gustav Kemp
Date:  11 Nov [1874]
Classmark:  West Berkshire Museum, Newbury (NEBYM:1986.63.1.1)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9716F

Matches: 1 hit

  • … the Linnean Society of London ( Botany ) 10 (1869): 393–437. Variation : The variation of …

To William Waring   12 January [1874]

Summary

CD requests WW to ask a large breeder of greyhounds whether the increase in litters requires that some puppies be destroyed. If so, is it sufficient to destroy merely the small and weak? Would this result in more males or females being destroyed?

CD once used the Field to tabulate ratios of female to male births in greyhounds (110: 100).

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Waring
Date:  12 Jan [1874]
Classmark:  Kent History and Library Centre (CKS-U1906/Z/1)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9238

Matches: 1 hit

  • … from W.  B.  Tegetmeier, [before 18 April 1869] ). CD used the data in Descent 1: 263–4, …

From D. T. Gardner   13 August 1874

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Summary

The Club is proposing to celebrate Humboldt’s 105th birthday and would welcome a message from CD.

Author:  Daniel T. Gardner
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Aug 1874
Classmark:  DAR 97: C75
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9600

Matches: 1 hit

  • … L iberal C lub , Instituted, September 14th, 1869, Incorporated, April 27th, 1871, Stated …

To Fritz Müller   13 February 1874

Summary

Has sent FM’s letter on termites to Nature ["Habits of various insects", Nature 10 (1874): 102–3].

Would be interested in observations on the stingless bees of Brazil.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  13 Feb 1874
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 37)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9288

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Darwin ( F.  Müller 1864 , Dallas trans.  1869); the letter has not been found, but see …
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Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

Matches: 27 hits

  • … At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition …
  • … that is something’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [22 January 1869] ). Much of the remainder of …
  • … to be the case’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 January 1869 ). Hooker went straight to a crucial …
  • … probable’ (see also letter to A. R. Wallace, 22 January [1869] , and letter from A. R. Wallace, …
  • … in distribution’ ( letter to James Croll, 31 January [1869] ). Darwin had argued ( Origin , pp. …
  • … formation’ ( letter to James Croll,  31 January [1869] ). Croll could not supply Darwin with an …
  • … have got that yet’ ( letter from James Croll, 4 February 1869 ).  Darwin did not directly …
  • … towards [Thomson]’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 19 March [1869] ). Towards Descent …
  • … ‘everlasting old Origin’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 1 June [1869] ), he was able to return to work on  …
  • … ( letter from Robert Elliot to George Cupples, 21 June 1869 ).  Details on mating behaviour …
  • … in the garden ( letter from Frederick Smith, 8 October 1869 ). Albert Günther, assistant in the …
  • … varieties ( letter to W. B. Tegetmeier, 25 February [1869] ). The data contined to …
  • … cocks & hens.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 November [1869] ). Yet completion of the work was …
  • … for  Descent . Researching emotion In 1869, Darwin still expected that  Descent …
  • … hatred—’ ( from Asa Gray and J. L. Gray, 8 and 9 May [1869] ). James Crichton-Browne and …
  • … ( enclosure to letter from Henry Maudsley, 20 May 1869 ). Darwin had often complained of the …
  • … in regard to Man’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 14 April 1869 ).  More remarkable still were Wallace …
  • … seem to you like some mental hallucination’ ( 18 April 1869 ). Since his marriage to Annie …
  • …  (Wallace 1869a; letter to A. R. Wallace, 22 March [1869] ), and scolded him for again being too …
  • … demands justice’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 14 April 1869 ). Proceeding on all fronts …
  • … South American cordillera ( letter to Charles Lyell, 20 May 1869 ), and fossil discoveries in …
  • … investigated in depth ( letter from C. F. Claus, 6 February 1869 ). In a letter to the  Gardeners …
  • … of the soil ( letter to  Gardeners’ Chronicle , 9 May [1869] ). In March, Darwin received …
  • … in the early 1860s ( letter to W. C. Tait, 12 and 16 March 1869 ). This research contributed to  …
  • … editions ( see letter from Victor Masson, 29 September 1869 ). The work had been undertaken, like …
  • … Animals”’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 November [1869] ). Angered by these proceedings, Darwin …
  • … of Fritz Müller’s  Für Darwin  (Dallas trans. 1869). The book, an explication of Darwinian …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … Crichton-Browne, James 20 May 1869 32 Queen Anne St. …
  • … Crichton-Browne, James 19 May 1869 West Riding …
  • … Gray, Asa 9 May [1869] [Alexandria, Egypt] …
  • … Gray, Jane 9 May [1869] [Alexandria, Egypt] …
  • … Gray, Asa 8 & 9 May 1869 Florence, Italy (about …
  • … King, P.G. 25 Feb 1869 Sydney, Australia …
  • … Maudsley, Henry 20 May 1869 32 Queen Anne St. …
  • … Reade, Winwood W. 17 Jan 1869 Sierra Leone, Africa …
  • … Reade, Winwood W. 28 June [1869] Sierra Leone, …
  • … Reade, Winwood W. 26 Dec 1869 Sierra Leone, Africa …
  • … Scott, John 2 July 1869 Royal Botanic Gardens, …

Perfect copper-plate hand: From Adolf Reuter, 30 May 1869

Summary

My favourite correspondent was chosen not because he is a brilliant conversationalist or a significant scientific thinker – but after a decade of reading a series of challenging hand writings, my favourite is the one who wrote in a perfect copper-plate…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … My favourite correspondent was chosen not because he is a brilliant conversationalist or a …

A beginning, & that is something: To J. D. Hooker, [22 January 1869]

Summary

  Alison Pearn talks about a letter Darwin wrote to his friend Joseph Dalton Hooker after finishing corrections to the fifth edition of Origin of Species in 1869.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … corrections to the fifth edition of Origin of Species in 1869. …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … of self-fertility over subsequent generations. In June 1869, Müller remarked, on receiving a new …
  • … sometimes depends’ ( From Fritz Müller, 15 June 1869 ). By May 1870, Darwin reported that he was …
  • … Müller ( To Fritz Müller, 28 November 1868 ). In March 1869, Müller reported results of …
  • … pod were mutually sterile ( From Fritz Müller, 14 March 1869 ). ‘The case of the Abutilon sterile …
  • … of this plant sent by Müller ( To Fritz Müller, 18 July [1869] ). Darwin sent specimens of plants …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Letter 6736 - Gray, A. & J. L to Darwin, [8 & 9 May 1869] Jane Loring Gray, …
  • … Williams , M. S. to Darwin, H. E., [after 14 October 1869] Darwin’s niece, Margaret, …
  • … Letter 6815 - Scott, J. to Darwin, [2 July 1869] John Scott responds to Darwin’s …
  • …  - Darwin to  Gunther, A. C. L. G., [21 September 1869] Darwin asks Gunther for “a great …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of  Robinia rubra  and  Pirus malus ,  23 September 1869 Alexander Agassiz's …

Jane Gray

Summary

Jane Loring Gray, the daughter of a Boston lawyer, married the Harvard botanist Asa Gray in 1848 and evidence suggests that she took an active interest in the scientific pursuits of her husband and his friends. Although she is only known to have…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … (letter from Asa Gray and J. L. Gray, 8 and 9 May 1869 ) Darwin cited Gray’s …
  • … their year long trip to Europe and North Africa in 1868 to 1869, the Grays visited Charles and Emma …
  • … 1868, and visiting again on their return journey in August 1869. Although they never met again, the …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … standard of science’ ( to Charles Layton, 24 November [1869] ). From the 3 rd edition on …
  • … published, 1866 5 th English edition published, 1869 6 th English edition …
  • … on the fifth edition from Boxing Day 1868 until February 1869.  Among the changes were stories about …

Darwin’s hothouse and lists of hothouse plants

Summary

Darwin became increasingly involved in botanical experiments in the years after the publication of Origin. The building of a small hothouse - a heated greenhouse - early in 1863  greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … comprised two halves kept at different temperatures, and in 1869 Darwin told the botanist William …
  • … temperatures’ (letter to W. C. Tait, 12 and 16 March [1869] ,  Calendar  no. 6661). …

3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871

Summary

< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted …
  • … down here on purpose’. Payments to the firm on 25 July 1869 and 5 April 1870 in Darwin’s banking …
  • … widely disseminated images of Darwin were taken in summer 1869, and which in summer 1871: the …
  • … were dated by Darwin’s daughter Henrietta on the backs to 1869. By 1871-2 some of Elliott and Fry’s …
  • … it ‘abt. 1870’, then crossed this date out in favour of 1869 – the date which John van Wyhe assigns …
  • … some of the Elliott and Fry group as having been taken in 1869 and 1871, but dates others (still …
  • … to this source. It is significant that none of these 1869–71 Elliott and Fry photographs were …
  • … as belonging to groups of photographs taken in summer 1869 and summer 1871, possible also in 1874. 
 …
  • … letters from Darwin to A.B. Meyer, 27 November [1869], (DCP-LETT-7014), and to Wallace, 5 December …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 6551 - Becker, L. E . to Darwin, [13 January 1869] Becker tells Darwin that …
  • … Letter 6976 - Darwin to Blackwell, A. L. B., [8 November, 1869] Darwin writes to feminist …
  • … Letter 6551 - Becker, L. E . to Darwin, [13 January 1869] Suffragist and …

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … work on human expression. Donders visited Darwin in 1869 , and a year later Darwin consoled him …

Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’.  Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … vol. 17, letter to A. R. Wallace, 14 April 1869 ). His views were presented more fully in a …
  • … comparative anatomist through his work on primates. In July 1869, Mivart published the first of a …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … he attracted many admirers in German-speaking countries. In 1869, his birthday was celebrated by an …
  • … vol. 17, letter from F. M. Malven, 12 February [1869] ). An extract from Darwin’s reply to Malven …
  • … with his’ ( letter to F. M. Malven, [after 12 February 1869] ). Accompanying this extract was the …
  • … some of whom drew substantially on his theory. In 1869, Hermann Müller (brother to Fritz) sent …
  • … theory to flowers and flower-visiting insects; H. Müller 1869)). Darwin was full of admiration and …

Science: A Man’s World?

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Letter 6976 - Darwin to Blackwell, A. B., [8 November 1869] Darwin thanks Antoinette …

3.12 Edwards, second group of photos

Summary

< Back to Introduction Despite the prior difficulties experienced by both photographer and sitter, it is evident that Ernest Edwards portrayed Darwin again in the late 1860s; but exactly when and in what circumstances is not known. There are strong…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … later 1860s. Alfred Russel Wallace wrote to him in December 1869 to report that a young German …
  • … of the undocumented photographs by Edwards as being before 1869.   physical location …
  • … Letter from Darwin to George Charles Wallich, 18 April [1869], DCP-LETT-6701. Letter from Alfred …

Race, Civilization, and Progress

Summary

Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … " Letter 6728 : from Charles Lyell, 5 May 1869 "I feel that …
  • … Letter 6866 : From Federico Delpino, 22 August 1869 "Perhaps because of intellectual …

John Beddoe

Summary

In 1869, when gathering data on sexual selection in humans, Darwin exchanged a short series of letters with John Beddoe, a doctor in Bristol. He was looking for evidence that racial differences that appear to have no benefit in terms of survival - and…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … In 1869 Darwin exchanged a short series of letters with a John Beddoe, a doctor in …

3.15 George Charles Wallich, photo

Summary

< Back to Introduction In the years around 1868–1871, when professional photographers competed for sittings with Darwin, a doctor called George Charles Wallich approached him with a similar request. Wallich was planning to publish a set of his own…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … one of Darwin. However, in a letter to Wallich of 18 April 1869, Darwin declined to come to his …
  • … in 2005.   Darwin’s solicitude to help Wallich in 1869 reflected the fact that they had …
  • … letters to Wallich: 12 Dec. [1860], DCP-LETT-3020; 18 April [1869], DCP-LETT-6701; 24 February [1872 …
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