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Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep

Summary

In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…

Matches: 19 hits

  • is to lessen injury to leaves from radiation In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his
  • organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of experiments
  • of most advanced plant laboratories in Europe. While Francis was away, Darwin delighted in
  • Hooker, ‘or as far as I know any scientific man’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 December [1878] ). …
  • plants.’ Movement in plants In the spring of 1878, Darwin started to focus on the
  • or arched.… Almost all seedlings come up arched’ ( letter to Sophy Wedgwood, 24 March [187880] ). …
  • … (see Movement in plants , pp. 11213). He explained to Francis on 2 July : ‘I go on maundering
  • when he finds out that he missed sensitiveness of apex’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, [11 May 1878] …
  • the bassoon & apparently more by a high than a low note.’ Francis apparently played the musical
  • Darwin complained. ‘I am ashamed at my blunder’ ( letter to John Tyndall, 22 December [1878] ). …
  • exchanged when they were apart. At the start of June, Francis left to work at Sachs laboratory in
  • accursed German language: Sachs is very kind to him’ ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 18 June
  • have nobody to talk to, about my work, I scribble to you ( letter to Francis Darwin, 7 [July 1878] …
  • but it is horrid not having you to discuss it with’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, 20 [July 1878] ). …
  • determine whether they had chlorophyll, Francis reported ( letter from Francis Darwin, [after 7
  • dear no”’. Darwin shared some of his observations with George John Romanes, who was engaged in his
  • of evolutionary progress was raised by the portrait-painter George Arthur Gaskell, who suggested
  • preferred to engage with critics through correspondence, George asked his fathers advice on
  • Society of London by Samuel Haughton. ‘If I do write’, George worried, ‘Im pretty sure to get in

Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots

Summary

Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…

Matches: 23 hits

  • alongside a botanical interest in roots, as he and his son Francis carried out their latest
  • his publishers, he warned that it wasdry as dust’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 9 September 1879 ). …
  • turned out, alas, very dull & has disappointed me much’ ( letter to Francis Galton, 15 [June
  • home again’, he fretted, just days before his departure ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [after 26
  • many blessings, was finding old agea dismal time’ ( letter to Henry Johnson, 24 September 1879 ) …
  • wrinkles one all over like a baked pear’ ( enclosure in letter from R. W. Dixon, 20 December 1879
  • itself, or gone some other way round?’ At least the last letter of 1879 contained a warmer note and
  • office to complete Horaces marriage settlement ( letter from W. M. Hacon, 31 December 1879 ). …
  • but they wereas nice and good as could be’ ( letter from Karl Beger, [ c. 12 February 1879] ) …
  • on your lifes work, which is crowned with glory’ ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 9 February 1879 ). …
  • to wish Darwin along and serene evening of life’. This letter crossed with one from Darwin, …
  • the statementIn the beginning was carbon’ ( letter from Hermann Müller, 14 February 1879 ). …
  • with Charles Darwin and Ernst Haeckel. Kosmos was, as Francis Darwin reported from Germany that
  • adding a prologue, while his brother Erasmus proposed that George Darwin, Darwins son and a keen
  • the children correctly’, mentioning in particular that Francis Galton was the son of one of Erasmus
  • to contradict false statements that had been published by Francis Galtons aunt, Mary Anne
  • for Captain Robert FitzRoy on the Beagle voyage, Francis Beaufort of the Admiralty described the
  • and poet’ ( Correspondence vol. 1, letter from Francis Beaufort to Robert FitzRoy, 1 September
  • perplexed than ever about life of D r . D’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, 12 July [1879] ). It was
  • in plants. Over the previous two years, he and his son Francis had worked together on the
  • of radicles, the embryonic roots of seedlings ( letter to Francis Darwin, 16 June [1879] ). …
  • … ‘Journal’). Nor did Darwin mention it when he told George Romanes on 14 September that he had
  • cross-fertilisation, had first contacted Darwin in 1876. By 1878, Darwin was sufficiently impressed

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)

Summary

George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…

Matches: 6 hits

  • George Eliot was the pen name of the celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann …
  • … time. In 1851 she met the philosopher, writer and critic George Henry Lewes, who was to become her …
  • … visitors (23 March 1873; Emma described his visit in a letter to Fanny Allen, [26 March 1873], DAR …
  • … son-in-law, Henrietta and Richard Litchfield, might call; George Eliot’s reply was positive, also …
  • … it too hot and left before the manifestations started ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] …
  • … (Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242) and Charles Darwin’s letter to Francis Darwin, [1 May 1876] ). …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time.  And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth.  All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

Matches: 24 hits

  • … ‘my wife … poor creature, has won only 2490 games’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 28 January 1876 ). …
  • … suffered a serious concussion from a riding accident, and George Darwin’s ill-health grew worse, …
  • … the first member of the next generation of the family, with Francis and Amy’s child expected in …
  • … quantity of work’ left in him for ‘new matter’ (letter to Asa Gray, 28 January 1876). The …
  • … to a reprint of the second edition of Climbing plants ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 23 February …
  • … & I for blundering’, he cheerfully observed to Carus. ( Letter to J. V. Carus, 24 April 1876. …
  • … provided evidence for the ‘advantages of crossing’ (letter to Asa Gray, 28 January 1876). Revising …
  • … year to write about his life ( Correspondence vol. 23, letter from Ernst von Hesse-Wartegg, 20 …
  • … nowadays is evolution and it is the correct one’ ( letter from Nemo, [1876?] ). …
  • … ignore the accusation made by the comparative anatomist St George Jackson Mivart in his Lessons …
  • … him ‘basely’ and who had succeeded in giving him pain ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 17 June 1876 ). …
  • … down completely until Mivart made a slanderous attack on George Darwin in late 1874 in an anonymous …
  • … fearful that Mivart still had the capacity to damage George’s reputation. ‘I care little about …
  • … Darwin reassured his close friend Joseph Hooker that he and Francis would attend the meeting. Darwin …
  • … disgrace’ of blackballing so distinguished a zoologist ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 29 January 1876 ) …
  • … must have been cast by the ‘poorest curs in London’ ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [4 February …
  • … the Vivisec. Commissions recommendation this bill is’, George Darwin declared to his father on 31 …
  • … Burdon Sanderson was keen for the society’s secretary, George Romanes, to write articles for the …
  • … subject takes an opposite line’. Although he conceded that Francis had the best of an argument with …
  • … Pangenesis v. perigenesis The young zoologist George Romanes was also carrying out …
  • … to propose the young rising star of Cambridge morphology, Francis Maitland Balfour, for fellowship …
  • … of the earliest available commercial models of typewriter. Francis Darwin and his wife, Amy, …
  • … anyone who wrote a lot, but the novelty soon wore off and in 1878 the machine was given away. …
  • … point, and he was reliant on his son George and cousin Francis Galton for the calculations. ‘I have …

Movement in Plants

Summary

The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…

Matches: 26 hits

  • only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin , is mentioned on the
  • he was able to co-opt the advantages of both while Francis was working abroad. Darwin was privy to
  • research being pursued by other naturalists who, like Francis, had come to this centre for the study
  • copied but also improved on some of the apparatuses that Francis had been introduced to at Würzburg. …
  • had considered combining the works in a single volume ( letter to J. V. Carus, 7 February 1875 ). …
  • from all over Europe and beyond. When Darwins son Francis worked in this laboratory in the summers
  • plants. Returning to bloom in October 1873, he asked his son George to calculatewhat inclination
  • had also asked Horace to discuss the point with his friend Francis Balfour(258). Darwin promised to
  • of any success. '. Just two months later, Darwin put Francis in charge of this aspect of the
  • … , a plant that exhibited all three types of movement ( letter from RILynch, [before 28 July
  • more familiar with the research in Sachss laboratory as Franciss departure for Würzburg was
  • to Wurzburg, & work by myself will be dull work’ . Francis was in Würzburg until early August. …
  • Movement in plants , p. 179. In May 1878, Darwin had pointed out the importance of
  • good instruments were never far from Darwins thinking. Francis viewed the new instruments he was
  • design an improved version of the instrument, a klinostat; Francis later described and illustrated
  • his experiments on the function of bloom. By December 1878, Darwin was thinking about the
  • the woodblock using photography for scientific accuracy ( letter from JDCooper13 December
  • lost colour, withered, and died within a couple of days ( letter from A. F. Batalin28 February
  • how their observations could have been so much at odds ( letter to Hugo de Vries 13 February 1879
  • the botanist Gaetano Durando, to find plants and seeds ( letter to Francis Darwin, [4 February8
  • only the regulator & not cause of movement ’. In the same letter, Darwin discussed terminology, …
  • to replace FranksTransversal-Heliotropismus’ ( letter from WEDarwin10 February [1880] ). …
  • experiments and devised a new test, which he described in a letter to his mother, ‘ I did some
  • and it appeared in 1880 (F. Darwin 1880b). In the same letter, Francis revealed the frustration of
  • on holiday in the Lake District, Darwin received a long letter from De Vries detailing his latest
  • want of copies ’, leading Darwin to exclaim to his son George, ‘ Hurrah for the old bloody Times

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 26 hits

  • an anonymous review that attacked the work of Darwins son George dominated the second half of the
  • be done by observation during prolonged intervals’ ( letter to D. T. Gardner, [ c . 27 August
  • pleasures of shooting and collecting beetles ( letter from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ).  Such
  • Andone looks backwards much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). …
  • was an illusory hope.— I feel very old & helpless’  ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] …
  • inferred that he was well from his silence on the matter ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 26 October
  • the spirit world. While Darwin was in London, his son George organised a séance at Erasmuss house. …
  • in such rubbish’, he confided to Joseph Dalton Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] …
  • Darwins cousin Hensleigh Wedgwood. Those present included George Darwin, the psychic researcher
  • that Mr Williams wasa cheat and an imposter’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 27 January 1874 ). …
  • his, ‘& that he was thus free to perform his antics’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 29 January [1874
  • Darwin had alloweda spirit séanceat his home ( letter from T. G. Appleton, 2 April 1874 ). …
  • edition, published in 1842 ( Correspondence  vol. 21, letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 17
  • …  2d ed., p. v). Among the many contributors was George Cupples, a Scottish deerhound expert
  • in, litters of puppies to other dog breeders (letters from George Cupples, 21 February 1874 and
  • had cost twenty-four shillings.) Murrays partner, Robert Francis Cooke, informed Darwin that the
  • from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). Darwin's son George had laboured hard on the
  • affair Before helping Darwin revise  Descent , George had taken up questions of human
  • Lubbock and Edward Burnett Tylor. It included an attack on Georges paper as speakingin an
  • … (see G. B. Airy ed. 1881). Darwins third son Francis married Amy Ruck, the sister of a
  • work on insectivorous plants. Amy drew a plant and Francis was disappointed that they seemed not to
  • from Cornwall, but Darwin was unwell when it arrived, so Francis worked on the tiny bladders under
  • 1874 , and  Correspondence  vol. 21, letter from Francis Darwin,  [11 October 1873] ). …
  • work’ ( letter to D. F. Nevill, 18 September [1874] ).Franciss new wife, Amy, drew the plant ( …
  • After his wife read  Expression , the military surgeon Francis François de Chaumont sent
  • M. M. Radovanović, 17 September 1874 ), which appeared in 1878. Books and articles were

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 12 hits

  • … 17 March [1867] ). He noted another factor in a letter to Gray, remarking, ‘I am going on with my …
  • … on 30 January 1868. In April 1868, Darwin informed George Bentham, ‘I am experimenting on a …
  • … of orchids are quite intelligible to me’ ( To George Bentham, 22 April 1868 ). A month later, he …
  • … [1873] ). In September, Darwin wrote a long letter to Nature commenting on a seemingly …
  • … heights would be useful. He asked his mathematician son George whether it would be ‘an easy …
  • … ( To G. H. Darwin, 8 January [1876] ). George explained the difficulties of lumping different …
  • … 8 January 1876] ). It was his cousin, the statistician Francis Galton, who provided a statistical …
  • … to publish the report in the introduction to the book ( To Francis Galton, 13 January [1876] ). …
  • … 6 June 1876] ). The project proved to be too complex and Francis Darwin later recalled, ‘the …
  • … A. R. Wallace, 13 December 1876 ). No reply to this letter has been found, but Darwin had long …
  • … Most published reviews that appeared were also positive, but George Henslow, in his review in …
  • … A. W. Rimpau, 10 December 1877 ). By the end of February 1878, Murray was ready to print the second …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … ‘I feel a very old man, & my course is nearly run’ ( letter to Lawson Tait, 13 February 1882 ) …
  • … fertility of crosses between differently styled plants ( letter from Fritz Müller, 1 January 1882 …
  • … respectively. In January, Darwin corresponded with George John Romanes about new varieties of …
  • … François Marie Glaziou (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter from Arthur de Souza Corrêa, 20 …
  • … quite untirable & I am glad to shirk any extra labour’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 6 January …
  • … probably intending to test its effects on chlorophyll ( letter to Joseph Fayrer, 30 March 1882 ). …
  • … we know about the life of any one plant or animal!’ ( letter to Henry Groves, 3 April 1882 ). He …
  • … of seeing the flowers & experimentising on them’ ( letter to J. E. Todd, 10 April 1882 ). …
  • … This was confirmed by one of his correspondents. A clerk, George Frederick Crawte, recounted a …
  • … transit of Venus on an expedition to Queensland, Australia. George’s recent work had been highly …
  • … Robert Stawell Ball that was printed in Nature declared George ‘the discoverer of tidal …
  • … the great judges think highly of the work … I believe that George will some day be a great …
  • … family and close friends grew worried. Letters were sent to George, who was soon to return from …
  • … 3 April 1882 ). He sent a cheque for a memorial to the late George Rolleston ( letter to H. N. …
  • … carried him off the next day. Henrietta immediately wrote to George, who had visited Down on 11 …
  • … a small tribute of respect’ (letter from John Lubbock to Francis Darwin, 20 April 1882 (DAR 215: 10n …
  • … of ice dams causing glacial lakes was presented by Thomas Francis Jamieson in a paper to the …
  • … Darwin’s views on eugenics, a term coined by his cousin Francis Galton, were mixed, partly owing to …
  • … no one to talk to, I scribble this to you’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, [1 August 1878] ). …
  • … and Earthworms , pp. 221–8). Darwin resumed contact in 1878. On receiving Darwin’s letter, …
  • … at wormbs”’ ( letter from Mary Johnson, [after 22 July 1878] ).   Edition complete …

Dining at Down House

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Dining, Digestion, and Darwin's Domestic Life While Darwin is best remembered for his scientific accomplishments, he greatly valued and was strongly influenced by his domestic life. Darwin's…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … and Conclusion”). Letters Letter Packet: Dining at Down House …
  • … ill health began on his Beagle voyage. In this letter (written amidst the excitement of South …
  • … difficulties of traveling on horseback while ill. Letter 465 —Emma Wedgwood (Emma Darwin …
  • … making himself agreeable” for her sake. Letter 3626 —Emma Darwin to T. G. Appleton, 28 …
  • … to thank Appleton for gifts sent from America. Letter 3597 —Darwin to Joseph Dalton …
  • … to Henrietta Darwin, [5 September 1868] In this chatty letter to her daughter Henrietta, who …
  • … typical nineteenth-century luncheon fare. Letter 8296 —Darwin to Francis Galton, 21 …
  • … gloating over puddings”. Leonard Darwin to George Darwin, 8 February [1878] Darwin’s …
  • … his letters. They were particularly intrigued by this letter written from Emma to Charles before …

Life of Erasmus Darwin

Summary

The Life of Erasmus Darwin (1879) was a curious departure for Darwin. It was intended as a biographical note to accompany an essay on Erasmus's scientific work by the German writer Ernst Krause. But Darwin became immersed in his grandfather's…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … and in some of Darwin's harsh critics, especially St. George Mivart. Darwin had struggled to …
  • … Erasmus's character and restored his good reputation. Francis Galton was pleased to have been …
  • … much regret that I did not do so '. On the top of Butler's letter, Emma Darwin wrote: & …
  • … the matter before the public '. He stated his case in a letter to the Athenaeum , a leading …
  • … copies of the Life . Krause wrote a detailed defense, and George Romanes published a scathing …

3.8 Leonard Darwin, interior photo

Summary

< Back to Introduction Leonard Darwin, who created the distinctive image of his father sitting on the verandah at Down House, also portrayed him as a melancholy philosopher. His head, brightly lit from above, emerges from the enveloping darkness; he…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … when he took his photographs. This one must be before August 1878, when it was reproduced as a …
  • … copies in the Darwin archive say the photograph was taken in 1878. The latter date is accepted by …
  • … above, it would need to have been early in that year. A letter which Leonard wrote to his father …
  • … of the photograph at Down House that he took it in 1878.   It was this photograph which …
  • … affection, as well as veneration and respect’. Worthington George Smith, a naturalist and …
  • … in the Illustrirte Zeitung of Leipzig in 1882 . Francis Darwin lent the woodburytype of …
  • … date of creation undated; probably early 1878 
 computer-readable date c.1878-01-01 to c …
  • … DAR 186.34 (DCP-LETT-11484), Leonard Darwin’s letter to his father, enclosing unidentified …
  • … Cambridge University Press, 1909), p. 47, no. 252. Rich’s letter to the Darwin family mentioning …

Darwin and the Church

Summary

The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…

Matches: 24 hits

  • … & I can see it even through a grove of Palms.—’ (letter to Caroline Darwin, 25–6 April [1832] …
  • … wrote to the contrary: ‘I am sorry to see in your last letter that you still look forward to the …
  • … near the British Museum or some other learned place’ (letter from E. A. Darwin, 18 August [1832] …
  • … it is a sort of scene I never ought to think about—’ (letter to W. D. Fox, [9–12 August] 1835 ). …
  • … However, what remains is cordial; in the first extant letter of the correspondence, Darwin wrote to …
  • … (a local charity), which he administered from 1848 to 1869 (letter to J. B. Innes, [8 May 1848] …
  • … he would make an excellent Guardian [of the Poor Fund]’ (letter to J. W. Lubbock, 28 March [1854] …
  • … club the use of his own lawn for its meetings (Moore 1985; letter to J. S. Henslow, 17 January …
  • … the family’s dog, Quiz, when he moved away from Down (letter to J. B. Innes, 15 December [1861] ) …
  • … was considered to be a cross between a cow and a red deer (letter from J. B. Innes, 7 December …
  • … ancestor. Please think of my request favourably—’ (letter from J. B. Innes, 26 May 1871 ). Indeed …
  • … and leaves Moses to take care of himself. Letter from J. B. Innes, 1 December 1878
  • … take care of the financial complications he left behind (letter from S. J. O’H. Horsman, 2 June …
  • … seemed to have made off with the church’s organ fund (letter to J. B. Innes, 15 June [1868] ). So …
  • … by Horsman relating to the Down school and organ funds (letter to J. B. Innes, 13 January 1871 ). …
  • … Dissenters’ chapel, rather than the Down parish church (letter to J. B. Innes, 1 December 1868 ). …
  • … in the Parish, but preaches, I hear, very dull sermons’ (letter to J. B. Innes, 18 January [1871] …
  • … parsonage, and with Innes’s approval the reins passed to George Sketchley Ffinden. Darwin’s …
  • … capital testimonials to his wife’s qualifications’ (letter from J. B. Innes, 5 June 1871 ). …
  • … support, and presented their answer to the School Committee (letter to Down School Board, [after …
  • … of letters to both men, vainly seeking to reconcile them (letter from John Lubbock, 5 April [1875] …
  • … During the reign of Ffinden, there is an interesting letter from Darwin to the evangelist J. W. C. …
  • … do not know that there is a drunkard left in the village’ (letter to J. W. C. Fegan, [December …
  • … Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter . Edited by Francis Darwin. 3 vols. London: John …

2.23 Hope Pinker statue, Oxford Museum

Summary

< Back to Introduction Henry Richard Hope Pinker’s life-size statue of Darwin was installed in the Oxford University Museum on 14 June 1899. It was the latest in a series of statues of great scientific thinkers, the ‘Founders and Improvers of Natural…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … mimicry among insects. Alfred Russel Wallace, in a letter to his daughter dated 27 November 1896, …
  • … lap. It compensated him for the rebuff he had received in 1878, when his proposal to create a bust …
  • … they were ‘quite common place without being vulgar’. A letter in the Hope Pinker collection of …
  • … in Caen limestone 
 references and bibliography Letter from William Darwin to his father …
  • … of letters, Royal Academy archive, HRHP/LPM/UVW31). Undated letter from H.E. Luxmoore of Eton …
  • … 1859. With Additions in 1893’ (London and Orpington: George Allen, 1893). Francis Darwin and A.C. …
  • … Selection (London, Paris, Melbourne: Cassell, 1896). Letter from Poulton to Acland, 25 Nov. 1896, …
  • … 2, 1897 ), proof copy, OUM archive, Box 1, HM 1874–1902. Letter, dated ‘Oxford, Dec. 10’ [c. 1896 …
  • … The Life of John Ruskin, 2 nd ed . , 2 vols (London: George Allen, 1912), vol. 1, pp. 443–452 …

'An Appeal' against animal cruelty

Summary

The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The pamphlet, which protested against the cruelty of steel vermin…

Matches: 16 hits

  • … was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 …
  • … of the pamphlet in August and September 1863 (see letter from G. B. Sowerby Jr to Emma Darwin, 22 …
  • … 1863, pp. 821–2, under the title `Vermin and traps' ( Letter no. 4282). The wording of the …
  • … and to 'a good many persons Squires Ladies & MPs' (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D …
  • … more success with the campaign than she expected (see the letter from Emma Darwin to William Erasmus …
  • … s. 6 d. for distributing the 'cruelty pamphlet', and letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. …
  • … of 'many of the leading sportsmen of the country', and Francis Trevelyan Buckland, well …
  • … involved no more cruelty than the possible alternatives (see letter from E. L. Darwin, 7 September …
  • … to the RSPCA in 1852 for working horses with sore necks (see letter from Emma Darwin to William …
  • … threatened to report a similar case of cruelty in 1866 (see letter to [Local landowner], [1866], …
  • … 1854 to 1861, in 1863 and 1864, from 1871 to 1875, and in 1878 and 1880 (CD’s Classed account books …
  • … , pp. 44, 54–5, 78, and Correspondence vol. 2, letter to W. D. Fox, 28 August [1837]). Later he …
  • … Autobiography , pp. 78–9, Correspondence vol. 7, letter to W. E. Darwin, 22 [September 1858], …
  • … Gardeners’ Chronicle , 29 August 1863, pp. 821–2 ( Letter no. 4282). The woodcut was arranged …
  • … is to William Howitt; the quotation is taken from Howitt"s letter to the Morning Star , 8 …
  • … Gardeners’ Chronicle , 29 August 1863, pp. 821–2 ( Letter no. 4282). 7 Edward Strong …