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Darwin Correspondence Project

To Francis Darwin   28 June [1881]1

Glenryhydding House.

June 28th

My dear F.

I cannot answer your question about Drysdale & D.—2 I remember that the organisms on which they chiefly worked were flagellate & were developed from decayed fish.— I think the papers were published in the J. of Microscop. Soc. 4 or 5 years ago.— I suppose that we have the papers at home. & I could look for them when there.3

We leave this place on the 4th & reach home on the 5th. & are to have a special engine from Willesden to Herne Hill.— Good Lord forgive me for such extravagance, but it is not my fault.—4 I certainly do not think what you have said about movements of multicellular & unicellular organisms too strong.5 You may be proved wrong of course; but the probability seems to me very strong that there never was an entire change in the means of movement, when so simple a change originated as a unicellular becoming a multicellular organism.— There seems to me no great improbability in sugar or acid, as well as water, accumulating in the stretched side. I wish that I had attended more to the movements of the coloured fluid in the tentacles of Drosera, which I saw, when the basal part was bending.—6

I shall like much to see the mucor stolo: moving like a worm.— The Cress experiment seems a very nice one.—7

I have had a very interesting letter from Hannay of Glasgow (the diamond man) to whom I wrote suggesting something about his diamonds, & urging him to observe the production of any protein substance. He tells me a wonderful fact, that under great pressure the most intense heat will not decompose albumen!8

Might not organisms have lived on our globe when it was red hot & pressed by an atmosphere a 100,000 heavier than our present one?!!!— I suppose that this fact is strictly private. I had suggested to him to place raw meat in his iron-tubes & thus get the carbon & nitrogen for his diamonds, & to observe what chemical product was formed in his tubes after they had cooled.—9

Mrs Ruck has just started. Bessy must tell you Bernard’s speeches to Mrs R. about the persons he knows best.10

Good Bye I must go on with my proof-sheets. I have had a very long & curious letter from a Portugeese, who is working on the distribution & evolution of the land-shells of the Azores, of which he is a native!11 Here is a prodigy—

Farewell | C. Darwin

Footnotes

The year is established by the address. In 1881, the Darwins visited Glenridding House, Patterdale, in the Lake District from 3 June to 4 July (Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)).
No letter from Francis mentioning the work of John James Drysdale and William Henry Dallinger has been found.
In experiments with flagellate protozoa, Dallinger and Drysdale found that spores could survive temperatures above the boiling point of water (see Dallinger and Drysdale 1873, pp. 57–8). Two of their papers on the subject are in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL (Dallinger and Drysdale 1874, Dallinger and Drysdale 1875). All the papers were published in the Monthly Microscopical Journal.
See n. 1, above. The Darwins spent the night of 4 July at Penrith (letter to G. J. Romanes, 4 July 1881). Willesden Junction in north London served the West Coast Main Line to the Lake District. Herne Hill, a south London suburb, served the London, Chatham and Dover Railway. The special engine meant that the Darwins would not need to change trains in central London on their journey home.
In Insectivorous plants, pp. 13–18, CD had discussed the viscous secretions from the glands of Drosera rotundifolia (common or round-leaved sundew).
See letter from Francis Darwin, [19 June 1881] and n. 4; Francis observed the movement of the stolon of Mucor stolonifer (a synonym of Rhizopus stolonifer, black bread mould). Francis also described an ‘accidental’ experiment made by Anton de Bary in which the cut end of cress seedlings rose apogeotropically and eventually produced roots (see ibid., nn. 6 and 7).
Mary Anne Ruck was Bernard Darwin’s maternal grandmother; Elizabeth Darwin was his aunt. In her diary (DAR 242), Emma Darwin recorded, ‘Mrs Ruck went by boat’, on 28 June 1881.

Bibliography

Dallinger, William Henry and Drysdale, John. 1873. Researches on the life history of a cercomonad: a lesson in biogenesis. Monthly Microscopical Journal 3d ser. 10: 53–8.

Dallinger, William Henry and Drysdale, John. 1874. Continued researches into the life history of the monads. [Read 4 November 1874.] Monthly Microscopical Journal 3d ser. 12: 261–9.

Dallinger, William Henry and Drysdale, John. 1875. Further researches into the life history of the monads. [Read 7 April 1875.] Monthly Microscopical Journal 3d ser. 13: 185–97.

Insectivorous plants. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875.

Summary

Comments on FD’s notions about movement of multicellular and unicellular organisms.

Comments on an interesting letter received from J. B. Hannay [see 13222] which leads CD to speculate on the possibility of organisms inhabiting a red hot earth under great pressure.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-13225
From
Charles Robert Darwin
To
Francis Darwin
Sent from
Patterdale
Source of text
DAR 211: 84
Physical description
ALS 6pp †

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 13225,” accessed on 24 April 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-13225.xml

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