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Darwin Correspondence Project

To Wilhelm Breitenbach   20 [June] 18811

Down. | Beckenham Kent [Glenridding House, Patterdale.]

Jan 20th. 1881.

Dear Sir.

I am glad to hear that you have arrived safely in Brazil & are hard at work— I hope & believe that you will make many interesting & new observations— I think that you are wise to attend to the orders of Insects, which have been generally neglected—2 I suppose that amongst other points, Fritz Müller was thinking of the Ants which live in little cavities or cells in the leaves of the Melastomaceae—3 The manner of fertilization & the meaning of the 2 very different sets of Anthers in the flowers of the plants of this order would be worth attending to— I have experimented on these plants in hot houses with but little success—4 If by any chance you should come across any heterostyled annual or herbaceous plant & could send me seeds I should be glad of them, so as to raise illegitimate seedlings & test their fertility.5

I have directed my publisher to send you a copy of my last book, in which I was aided by my son Francis who is now working at Strasburg under De Bary.6

I received & was much interested by your paper on the several forms of reproduction7

I heartily wish you health & success, I do not think the want of books will be so serious an evil as you suppose—, for collecting & still more observing & making notes will fill up your whole time— I do not believe that Wallace Bates or Belt read much (nor did I) whilst at work in S. America.8

I remain Dear Sir. | Yours faithfully. | Charles Darwin.

Footnotes

The month is established by the relationship between this letter and the letter to Fritz Müller, 21 June 1881. The copyist evidently misread the month.
See letter from Wilhelm Breitenbach, [before 20 June 1881] and n. 7. Fritz Müller had not published on the relationship between ants and plants of the family Melastomaceae (a synonym of Melastomataceae). CD was made aware of the relationship of ants to plants of the melastomaceous genus Tococa when he read the manuscript of a paper on the subject by Richard Spruce (see Correspondence vol. 17, letter from George Bentham, 7 May 1869, and letter to Linnean Society, President and Council, [10 May 1869]).
Müller had written to CD about his observations of the different types of pollen in several plants of the Melastomaceae; CD had investigated some of these in 1861 and 1862 as possibly exhibiting a novel form of dimorphism (see letter to Fritz Müller, 20 March 1881 and nn. 2 and 3). CD told Müller that he hoped to repeat some of his earlier experiments (letter to Fritz Müller, 12 April 1881).
In earlier experiments with heterostyled (dimorphic and trimorphic) plants, CD had tested the fertility of offspring of ‘legitimate’ and ‘illegitimate’ crosses. CD referred to crosses made using pollen of the same form of flower in these species as illegitimate, and those fertilised by pollen of a different form as legitimate (see ‘Three forms of Lythrum salicaria’, p. 186).
Movement in plants; see letter from Wilhelm Breitenbach, [before 20 June 1881]. Francis Darwin was working in the laboratory of Anton de Bary in Straßburg (Strasbourg).
See letter from Wilhelm Breitenbach, [before 20 June 1881]. Alfred Russel Wallace, Henry Walter Bates, and Thomas Belt had all travelled in South America and had written accounts with observations on the natural history of the regions they visited (see Wallace 1853, Bates 1863, and Belt 1874).

Bibliography

Bates, Henry Walter. 1863. The naturalist on the River Amazons. A record of adventures, habits of animals, sketches of Brazilian and Indian life, and aspects of nature under the equator, during eleven years of travel. 2 vols. London: John Murray.

Belt, Thomas. 1874a. The naturalist in Nicaragua: a narrative of a residence at the gold mines of Chontales; journeys in the savannahs and forests. With observations on animals and plants in reference to the theory of evolution of living forms. London: John Murray.

Breitenbach, Wilhelm. 1881a. Die Entstehung der geschlechtlichen Fortpflanzung. Eine phylogenetische Studie. Kosmos 8 (1880–1): 248–57.

Movement in plants: The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880.

‘Three forms of Lythrum salicaria’: On the sexual relations of the three forms of Lythrum salicaria. By Charles Darwin. [Read 16 June 1864.] Journal of the Linnean Society (Botany) 8 (1865): 169–96. [Collected papers 2: 106–31.]

Wallace, Alfred Russel. 1853. A narrative of travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro, with an account of the native tribes, and observations on the climate, geology, and natural history of the Amazon valley. London: Reeve.

Summary

Glad WB has arrived in Brazil. Suggests study of insects and study of fertilisation in Melastomataceae. Want of books is not a serious evil.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-13021
From
Charles Robert Darwin
To
Wilhelm Breitenbach
Sent from
Down
Source of text
DAR 143: 145
Physical description
C 2pp

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 13021,” accessed on 19 April 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-13021.xml

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