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State Darwin Museum, Moscow, Russia

Matches: 2 hits

  • … State Darwin Museum, …
  • … Moscow, Russia Darwin Museum Moscow …

Darwin Archive, Cambridge University Library, Cambridge, England

Matches: 1 hit

  • Darwin Archive, Cambridge University Library, Cambridge, England DAR …

The History Buff (website) www.ehistorybuff.com/darwin_als.html

Matches: 1 hit

  • … The History Buff (website) www.ehistorybuff.com/darwin_als.html History Buff …

From the Darwin children   17 January 1880

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Summary

Send CD a present of a fur coat.

Author:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Sara Sedgwick; Sara Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Jan 1880
Classmark:  DAR 99: 208
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12428

Matches: 26 hits

  • … From the Darwin children   17 January 1880 …
  • Darwin, …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin, …
  • … Francis Darwin, G. …
  • … H. Darwin, …
  • … Horace Darwin, …
  • … Leonard Darwin, W. E. …
  • … Sedgwick, Sara Darwin, …
  • … Sara Darwin, H. E. …
  • … Litchfield, H. E. Darwin, C. R. …
  • … William Erasmus Darwin , …
  • … Sara Darwin , Henrietta Emma …
  • … Litchfield , George Howard Darwin , …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin , …
  • … Francis Darwin , …
  • … Leonard Darwin , and …
  • … Horace Darwin . …
  • … DAR 99: 208 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin
  • … Francis Darwin George …
  • … Howard Darwin
  • … Horace Darwin
  • … Leonard Darwin William …
  • … Erasmus Darwin Sara …
  • … Sedgwick/Sara Darwin Henrietta …
  • … Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma Litchfield unstated …
  • … 17 Jan 1880 Charles Robert Darwin

To the Darwin children   17 [January 1880]

Summary

Thanks his children for their present of a fur coat.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Sara Sedgwick; Sara Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  17 [Jan 1880]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12429

Matches: 30 hits

  • … To the Darwin children   17 [January 1880] …
  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin, …
  • … Francis Darwin, G. …
  • … H. Darwin, …
  • … Horace Darwin, …
  • … Leonard Darwin, W. E. …
  • … Sedgwick, Sara Darwin, …
  • … Sara Darwin, H. E. Litchfield, H. E. …
  • … DAR 211: 1 Charles Robert Darwin Down 17 [Jan …
  • … 1880] Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin
  • … Francis Darwin George …
  • … Howard Darwin
  • … Horace Darwin
  • … Leonard Darwin William …
  • … Erasmus Darwin Sara …
  • … Sedgwick/Sara Darwin Henrietta …
  • … Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma Litchfield …
  • … children | Your affectionate Father | Charles Darwin N.B.  I should not be myself if I did …
  • … between this letter and the letter from the Darwin children, 17 January 1880 . …
  • … See letter from the Darwin children, 17 January 1880 . CD …
  • … was last in London from 3 to 11 December 1879 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). …
  • … Henrietta Emma Litchfield , William Erasmus Darwin , …
  • … Leonard Darwin , …
  • … Horace Darwin , and …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin . …
  • … Horace and Ida Darwin were on honeymoon in …
  • … Penzance ( letter from Emma Darwin to W. …
  • … E. Darwin, 19 January 1880 (DAR 219.1: 131)). …

To the Darwin children   10 January 1880

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Summary

Circular letter regarding the distribution of CD’s excess income, with a note addressed to W. E. Darwin concerning his handling of Elizabeth Darwin’s share.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  10 Jan 1880
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 155
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12414

Matches: 27 hits

  • … To the Darwin children   10 January 1880 …
  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin, …
  • … Francis Darwin, G. …
  • … H. Darwin, …
  • … Horace Darwin, …
  • … Leonard Darwin, W. …
  • … E. Darwin, H. E. Litchfield, H. E. …
  • … DAR 210.6: 155 Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Jan …
  • … 1880 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin
  • … Francis Darwin George …
  • … Howard Darwin
  • … Horace Darwin
  • … Leonard Darwin William …
  • … Erasmus Darwin Henrietta …
  • … Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma Litchfield …
  • … distribution of CD’s excess income, with a note addressed to W. E. Darwin concerning his …
  • … handling of Elizabeth Darwin’s share. …
  • … put initial to show he has seen it. C.  Darwin Everybody has seen this. | C.D Jan 10 th . …
  • … each son (see Correspondence vol. 27, letter to the Darwin children, 21 February 1879 ). …
  • … William Erasmus Darwin , …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin , George …
  • … Howard Darwin , …
  • … Francis Darwin , …
  • … Leonard Darwin , …
  • … Horace Darwin , and Henrietta Emma Litchfield . ‘600 to Williams Bank’: this included the …

From C. M. C. Darwin   14 April 1879

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Summary

Answers CD’s query about Robert Darwin of Lincoln’s Inn.

Sends an introduction for Leonard Darwin to their tenants at Elston Hall.

Author:  Charlotte Maria Cooper Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Apr 1879
Classmark:  DAR 99: 138–41
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11994

Matches: 40 hits

  • Darwin, C. M. …
  • … C. Darwin, C. R. …
  • … From C.  M.  C.  Darwin   14 April 1879 …
  • … DAR 99: 138–41 Charlotte Maria Cooper Darwin Otley 14 Apr …
  • … 1879 Charles Robert Darwin
  • … Answers CD’s query about Robert Darwin of Lincoln’s Inn. …
  • … Sends an introduction for Leonard Darwin to their tenants at Elston Hall. …
  • … Bibliography Browne, Janet. 2002. Charles Darwin. The power of place. Volume …
  • … II of a biography. London: Pimlico. Darwin pedigree : Pedigree of …
  • … the family of Darwin. Compiled by H. Farnham Burke. N.p. : …
  • … printed. 1888. [Reprinted in facsimile in Darwin pedigrees , by Richard Broke Freeman. …
  • … See letter to C. M. C. Darwin, 6 April 1879 and n. …
  • … 2. Robert Darwin (1682–1754) …
  • … was Erasmus Darwin’s father. …
  • … See letter to Reginald Darwin, 8 April 1879, n. …
  • … 8 . William Morgan Darwin had no sons. …
  • … Robert Waring Darwin (1724–1848) …
  • … was Robert Darwin ’s son …
  • … and Erasmus Darwin ’s eldest brother. ( …
  • Darwin pedigree . ) …
  • … Richardson’s portrait depicted Robert Darwin in his ‘great wig and bands’ and looking, …
  • … printed for the author. 1984. ] Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated from the …
  • … with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1879. Post Office London …
  • … Otley. April 14 th . 1879 Dear M r . Darwin, , I have to thank you for a long kind letter, …
  • … question about our mutual ancestor, Robert Darwin of Lincoln’s Inn— My Husband and I have …
  • … Balderton, and died 1754— his cousin William Morgan Darwin (who died in 1762. ) being then …
  • … owner of Elston— Rob t . Waring Darwin his son, then got …
  • … me | Y rs .  sincerely | Charlotte M C Darwin 2.2 he ... 1762. ) 2.3] scored blue crayon …
  • … dignified doctor of divinity’ ( Erasmus Darwin , p. 4). Simon Dunning , solicitor, had an …
  • … London directory 1878). George Howard Darwin had made this suggestion (see letter to C. …
  • … M. C. Darwin, 6 April 1879 and n. …
  • … 2). CD had asked whether Leonard Darwin could photograph Elston Hall (see letter to C. …
  • … M. C. Darwin, 6 April 1879 and n. 3). The letter of introduction has not been found. …
  • … See letter to C. M. C. Darwin, 6 April 1879 and n. 4. …
  • … CD had found letters from Erasmus Darwin and a drawing of Elston Hall from around …
  • … 1750 in a box owned by Robert Waring Darwin (1766–1848) that had been labelled ‘old …
  • … settlements & deeds’ (see letter to C. M. C. Darwin, 6 April 1879 ). Paul-Adolphe Rajon …
  • … the Elston Estate— Robert Darwin of Lincoln’s Inn was buried at Elston, and we have a …
  • … of Parliament S t .  has a number of old Darwin deeds & papers, which might throw some …
  • … introduction for your son M r . Leonard Darwin to our Tenant at Elston who I am sure will …

To the Darwin children   3 January 1881

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Summary

About the distribution of [surplus income] funds among the children.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  3 Jan 1881
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 169
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12972

Matches: 25 hits

  • … To the Darwin children   3 January 1881 …
  • … Q.  Anne St. He to William, he to Leonard, he to Horace. Your obedient Father | Ch. Darwin
  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin, …
  • … Francis Darwin, G. …
  • … H. Darwin, …
  • … Horace Darwin, …
  • … Leonard Darwin, W. …
  • … E. Darwin, H. E. Litchfield, H. E. …
  • … DAR 210.6: 169 Charles Robert Darwin Down 3 Jan …
  • … 1881 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin
  • … Francis Darwin George …
  • … Howard Darwin
  • … Horace Darwin
  • … Leonard Darwin William …
  • … Erasmus Darwin Henrietta …
  • … Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma Litchfield …
  • … in 1880 (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter to the Darwin children, 10 January 1880 ). …
  • … William Erasmus Darwin , …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin , George …
  • … Howard Darwin , …
  • … Francis Darwin , …
  • … Leonard Darwin , …
  • … Horace Darwin , and Henrietta Emma Litchfield . Each daughter was to receive two-thirds of …

To Reginald Darwin   8 April 1879

Summary

Details of family history. Has discovered Dr Darwin did get to Edinburgh before his son, Charles, died.

The more CD reads of Dr Darwin the higher he rises in his estimation.

Is tired of writing letters, "half the fools throughout Europe write to ask me the stupidest questions".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Reginald Darwin
Date:  8 Apr 1879
Classmark:  DAR 153: 98; Lawrences Auctioneers (dealers) (2009); LL 3: 219
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11982

Matches: 47 hits

  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, Reginald …
  • … To Reginald Darwin   8 April 1879 …
  • … 153: 98; Lawrences Auctioneers (dealers) (2009); LL 3: 219 Charles Robert Darwin Down 8 …
  • … Apr 1879 Reginald Darwin
  • … of family history. Has discovered Dr Darwin did get to Edinburgh before his son, Charles, …
  • … died. The more CD reads of Dr Darwin the higher he rises in his estimation. Is tired of …
  • … Bibliography Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated from the German by …
  • … W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. …
  • … 1879. LL : The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. …
  • … Edited by Francis Darwin. 3 vols. London: John Murray. 1887–8. Moilliet, Amelia and …
  • … questions. — Yours cordially obliged | Charles Darwin P.S Very many thanks about the Seal; …
  • … See letter from Reginald Darwin, 7 April 1879 . The section ‘Since … a copy. ’ was cut out …
  • … CD also mentioned his discovery of letters from Erasmus Darwin and others, and the drawing …
  • … of Elston Hall in Robert Waring Darwin’s deeds box in his letter to C.   …
  • … M.  C.  Darwin, 6 April 1879 . On the engraving by John Allen Wedgwood , …
  • … Keir ( Moilliet and Moilliet 1859 ), mentioned by Reginald Darwin in his letter of 7 April …
  • … 1879 . Reginald Darwin had mentioned that …
  • … he had Erasmus Darwin’s two seals ( …
  • … see letter from Reginald Darwin, 7 April 1879 ). …
  • … CD had asked Reginald Darwin whether he would …
  • … mind if Erasmus Darwin’s poem on the folly of …
  • … atheism was published (see letter to Reginald Darwin, 4 April 1879 ). …
  • … The first four lines appeared in Erasmus Darwin , p. 44. The text from ‘Europe write’ is …
  • … Cotton M.S. ; but George remarks that there is no evidence that this Mr.  Darwin was W.   …
  • Darwin of Cleatham. …
  • … We are much puzzled whether Robert Darwin of Lincoln’s Inn and Father of Dr.  Erasmus was …
  • … at Elston. I have also written to Mrs.  Darwin of Creskeld to ask about this point. By the …
  • … see the letter from V. H. Darwin, 4 April 1879 and n. …
  • … 3. Leonard Darwin of the Royal Engineers was an instructor in chemistry and photography at …
  • … of Military Engineering at Chatham in Kent. Violetta Harriot Darwin had offered to make a …
  • … drawing of Breadsall Priory, Erasmus Darwin’s death place (see letter from V. …
  • … H. Darwin, 4 April 1879 ). …
  • … George Howard Darwin had been in Algiers for several months; he …
  • … was, as CD had anticipated, interested in Erasmus Darwin’s Commonplace book (Down House …
  • … MS; see letter to Reginald Darwin, 4 April 1879 ). Robert Bruce Cotton had recorded that a …
  • … in his collection in the British Library had been found by a Mr Darwin (see letter …
  • … to Reginald Darwin, 4 April 1879 and n. …
  • … 9). William Darwin (1681–1760) …
  • … was Erasmus Darwin’s uncle. …
  • … Robert Darwin (1682–1754) …
  • … was Erasmus Darwin’s father; his …
  • … brother was William Darwin (1681–1760). Their mother, Anne, lived at Elston Hall with her …
  • … Elston. After Anne Lascelle’s death, Robert Darwin bought Elston Hall from the Lascelles ( …
  • … accessed 23 November 2018)). See letter to C.  M.  C.  Darwin, 6 April 1879. …
  • … Erasmus Darwin’s eldest son, Charles , died in 1778, while a student at Edinburgh …
  • … before Charles died (see letter to Reginald Darwin, 4 April 1879 , n. 5). It was Elizabeth …

To the Darwin children   8 January 1882

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Advises his children as to how some money will be distributed among them.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  8 Jan 1882
Classmark:  DAR 185: 60
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13603

Matches: 25 hits

  • … To the Darwin children   8 January 1882 …
  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin, …
  • … Francis Darwin, G. …
  • … H. Darwin, …
  • … Horace Darwin, …
  • … Leonard Darwin, W. …
  • … E. Darwin, H. E. Litchfield, H. E. …
  • … DAR 185: 60 Charles Robert Darwin Down 8 Jan …
  • … 1882 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin
  • … Francis Darwin George …
  • … Howard Darwin
  • … Horace Darwin
  • … Leonard Darwin William …
  • … Erasmus Darwin Henrietta …
  • … Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma Litchfield …
  • … in a week’s time after money on Deposit has been placed to my current account. Ch. Darwin
  • … Correspondence vol. 28, letter to the Darwin children, 10 January 1880 ). CD held shares …
  • … ten railway companies (CD’s Investment book (Down House MS)). William Erasmus Darwin , …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin , George …
  • … Howard Darwin , …
  • … Francis Darwin , …
  • … Leonard Darwin , and …
  • … Horace Darwin . Bessy’s share was sent to William to deposit or invest, making his total £ …

To Reginald Darwin   4 April 1879

Summary

Has been "deeply interested by the great book" [see 11966]. Asks permission to publish extracts.

Did Dr Darwin go to Edinburgh when his son, Charles, died? Asks whether RD has ever heard a story about Dr Darwin that had been told to CD by the Galtons.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Reginald Darwin
Date:  4 Apr 1879
Classmark:  DAR 153: 97
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11977

Matches: 44 hits

  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, Reginald …
  • … To Reginald Darwin   4 April 1879 …
  • … DAR 153: 97 Charles Robert Darwin Down 4 …
  • … Apr 1879 Reginald Darwin
  • … Asks permission to publish extracts. Did Dr Darwin go to Edinburgh when his son, Charles, …
  • … whether RD has ever heard a story about Dr Darwin that had been told to CD by the Galtons. …
  • … Bibliography Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated from the German by …
  • … W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1879. …
  • … Desmond, ed. 1981. The letters of Erasmus Darwin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. …
  • … King-Hele, Desmond, ed. 2003. Charles Darwin’s ‘The …
  • … Life of Erasmus Darwin’. First unabridged edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. …
  • … King-Hele ed. 2003 , p. 7). George Howard Darwin visited the British Museum to transcribe …
  • … Mrs Bort from a lithograph by Miss V.  Darwin; and if I could borrow this lithograph, it …
  • … thanks. | Yours affectionately | Charles Darwin P.S.  What a curious story that is about …
  • … Erasmus Darwin’s Commonplace book (Down House …
  • … MS; see letter to Reginald Darwin, 1 April 1879 ). The copyist probably made …
  • … rather than just ‘return’; George Howard Darwin arrived back from Algiers, where he had …
  • … 17 April, when he left Down for Cambridge ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). CD included …
  • … first version of his sketch of Erasmus Darwin’s life; three copies of these first proofs …
  • … from his medical practice in Lichfield, appeared in Erasmus Darwin , pp. 25–6, 28–9, 43– …
  • … 4, and 121. The story of Erasmus Darwin being woken at night in a Newmarket hotel to be …
  • … kindly by Erasmus was published in Erasmus Darwin , pp. 63–4. Elizabeth Anne Wheler , a …
  • … story in her letter of 25 March 1879 ; Francis Sacheverel Darwin was Reginald’s father. …
  • … Erasmus Darwin did travel to Edinburgh and reached …
  • … the city before his eldest son, Charles Darwin , died ( …
  • … Erasmus Darwin , p. 83; King-Hele ed. 1981 , p. 87). It was probably his second son, …
  • … the time of his death in 1799, and given to CD’s father, Robert Waring Darwin , in April …
  • … 1802 ( Erasmus Darwin , p. 76; King-Hele ed. 1981 , …
  • … p. 89). See letter from Reginald Darwin, 2 April 1879 . …
  • … In the letter to Reginald Darwin, 1 April 1879 , CD had mentioned that he thought he would …
  • … Priory (the birth and death places of Erasmus Darwin ) in his biographical account. …
  • … The lithograph was made by Violetta Harriot Darwin . The copy was made by Ann …
  • … marriage, was a neighbour of Erasmus Darwin in Full Street, Derby. The copyist wrote ‘? …
  • … Bort’. Sydnope Hall near Matlock, Derbyshire, was purchased by Francis Sacheverel Darwin , …
  • … Reginald Darwin’s father, in the 1820s, and sold after his death in 1858 (‘Sydnope Hall’, …
  • … Sydnope with his cousin William Darwin Fox when they were Cambridge undergraduates (see …
  • … of the Commonplace book by Reginald Darwin , there are two taken from the Derby Mercury of …
  • … 8 April 1874, describing Francis Sacheverel Darwin’s life at Sydnope Hall and the hunt he …
  • … organised in 1837 to kill the last wild boar of his herd. Reginald Darwin felt that he …
  • … had ‘desecrated’ Erasmus Darwin’s Commonplace book by pasting in …
  • … newspaper cuttings (see letter from Reginald Darwin, 29 March 1879 ). At the beginning of …
  • … of the preliminary notice of Erasmus Darwin , CD mentioned in a footnote that a rare book …
  • … the history of Lichfield, found by a Mr Darwin in the thatch of a house and presented to …

From Reginald Darwin   7 April 1879

Summary

Is glad CD has found interest in "the old book" [Dr Erasmus Darwin’s commonplace book].

Discusses Erasmus Darwin and his belongings, which RD has inherited.

Owns a portrait of Erasmus Darwin by Joseph Wright of Derby.

Author:  Reginald Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  7 Apr 1879
Classmark:  DAR 210.14: 21
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11980

Matches: 45 hits

  • Darwin, …
  • … Reginald Darwin, C. R. …
  • … From Reginald Darwin   7 April 1879 …
  • … DAR 210.14: 21 Reginald Darwin Buxton 7 Apr …
  • … 1879 Charles Robert Darwin
  • … Keir’s correspondence edited by her grandson James Keir Moilliet . Erasmus Darwin’s father …
  • … was Robert Darwin (1682–1754) . …
  • … red crayon Top of letter : ‘about | Father of Erasmus’ pencil ; ‘R.  Darwin’ red crayon …
  • … Is glad CD has found interest in "the old book" [Dr Erasmus Darwin’s commonplace book]. …
  • … Discusses Erasmus Darwin and his belongings, which RD has inherited. …
  • … Owns a portrait of Erasmus Darwin by Joseph Wright of Derby. …
  • … Bibliography Darwin, Erasmus, ed. 1780. Experiments establishing a criterion between …
  • … Raeburn, R.A. Edinburgh: P. Neill. Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated from the …
  • … Chicago Press. Seward, Anna. 1804. Memoirs of the life of Dr. Darwin. London: J. Johnson. …
  • … CD had asked to keep Erasmus Darwin’s Commonplace book (Down …
  • … House MS) until George Howard Darwin returned from Algiers ( …
  • … see letter to Reginald Darwin, 4 April 1879 ). ‘A new Song …
  • … in praise of two young Hunters’ was written by Erasmus and John Darwin’s older …
  • … brother, Robert Waring Darwin (1724–1816) . John’s stammer may be indicated in the poem by …
  • … beware) dead’, a hunting cry; King-Hele ed. 2003 , p. 17). Reginald Darwin’s grandmother …
  • … was Elizabeth Darwin , …
  • … Erasmus Darwin’s second wife; CD’ …
  • … Portrait Gallery, D34687). Erasmus Darwin’s motto was ‘E conchis omnia’ (everything from …
  • … contained correspondence with Erasmus Darwin , who was a close friend of Keir . The book …
  • … by W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1879. …
  • … Milo. 1994. Portraits of Dr Erasmus Darwin, F.R.S. , by Joseph Wright, James Rawlinson and …
  • … the Royal Society of London 48: 69–84. King-Hele, Desmond, ed. 2003. Charles Darwin’s ‘The …
  • … Life of Erasmus Darwin’. First unabridged edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. …
  • … s grandmother was Mary Darwin , Erasmus’s first wife. The …
  • … was probably among the loose letters sent by Reginald Darwin with the Commonplace book ( …
  • … see letter from Reginald Darwin, 29 March 1879 ). …
  • … Reginald Darwin’s father …
  • … was Francis Sacheverel Darwin . CD had heard the jockey story from Elizabeth Anne Wheler ( …
  • … 1879 and n. 7). The enclosure in Francis Sacheverel Darwin’s hand has not been found. …
  • … Andrew Duncan was Erasmus Darwin’s son Charles’s Edinburgh professor. …
  • … Erasmus Darwin did travel to Edinburgh when he heard …
  • … Charles was dying (see letter to Reginald Darwin, 4 April 1879 , n. 5). Duncan evidently …
  • … Duncan 1824 , pp. 11–12). Charles Darwin (1758–78) was buried in the Duncan family vault …
  • … Buccleuch Parish Church), Edinburgh ( E. Darwin ed. 1780 , p. iv and 135). The city was …
  • … 2000 , p. xv). The inscription on the memorial tablet to Charles Darwin was written by …
  • … his father, Erasmus Darwin ( …
  • … Erasmus Darwin , p. 82). …
  • … the text on the tablet, see ‘ Charles Darwin 1758–78’, http://www.findagrave.com (accessed …
  • … of Derby painted a portrait of Erasmus Darwin around 1770; Anna Seward described it as a ‘ …
  • … was painted in 1802, shortly before Erasmus Darwin’s death ( M. Keynes 1994 , p. 78). …

To the Darwin children   16 September 1881

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Summary

A circular letter on the distribution of his money at death and the division ofErasmus’ estate.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  16 Sept 1881
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 183
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13340

Matches: 29 hits

  • … To the Darwin children   16 September 1881 …
  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin, …
  • … Francis Darwin, G. …
  • … H. Darwin, …
  • … Horace Darwin, …
  • … Leonard Darwin, W. …
  • … E. Darwin, H. E. Litchfield, H. E. …
  • … purposes, so that a less sum will probably be divided amongst you. — Charles Darwin
  • … his sons (see Correspondence vol. 27, letter to the Darwin children, 21 February 1879 ). …
  • … DAR 210.6: 183 Charles Robert Darwin Down 16 Sept …
  • … 1881 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin
  • … Francis Darwin George …
  • … Howard Darwin
  • … Horace Darwin
  • … Leonard Darwin William …
  • … Erasmus Darwin Henrietta …
  • … Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma Litchfield …
  • … Robert Waring Darwin ’s estate was inherited by his …
  • … two sons, CD and Erasmus Alvey Darwin , and his four daughters, …
  • … Marianne Parker , Susan Elizabeth Darwin , Caroline Wedgwood , …
  • … and Catherine Darwin . Thomas Salt was a solicitor in Shrewsbury. Josiah Wedgwood II left …
  • … his three surviving daughters, Emma Darwin , Elizabeth Wedgwood , and Charlotte Langton . …
  • … Warde Norman . Catherine Langton (née Darwin), in her will, dated 9 January 1866, left her …
  • … order to pay for bequests to her family, friends, and servants. William Erasmus Darwin . …
  • … Erasmus Alvey Darwin , who died on 26 August 1881, had bequeathed half his personal estate …
  • … real property to CD (see letter from G. H. Darwin, 28 August 1881 ). Six Queen Anne Street …
  • … had land in Lincoln (see letter from G. H. Darwin, [7 September 1881] ). CD had previously …

To the Darwin children   20 December 1881

Summary

Has promised to pay Hooker about £250 annually "for the formation of a perfect MS catalogue of all known plants [Index Kewensis]".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  20 Dec 1881
Classmark:  DAR (CD library—Index Kewensis tom. 1)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13570

Matches: 18 hits

  • … I have full confidence that this my desire will be faithfully carried out. Charles Darwin
  • … To the Darwin children   20 December 1881 …
  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin, …
  • … Francis Darwin, G. …
  • … H. Darwin, …
  • … Horace Darwin, …
  • … Leonard Darwin, W. …
  • … E. Darwin, H. E. Litchfield, H. E. …
  • … DAR (CD library— Index Kewensis tom.  1) Charles Robert Darwin Down 20 Dec …
  • … 1881 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin
  • … Francis Darwin George …
  • … Howard Darwin
  • … Horace Darwin
  • … Leonard Darwin William …
  • … Erasmus Darwin Henrietta …
  • … Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma Litchfield …

From Reginald Darwin   29 March 1879

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Summary

Sends Dr Erasmus Darwin’s commonplace book, some letters, and poems.

Family news.

Author:  Reginald Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 Mar 1879
Classmark:  DAR 99: 146–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11960

Matches: 30 hits

  • Darwin, …
  • … Reginald Darwin, C. R. …
  • … From Reginald Darwin   29 March 1879 …
  • … DAR 99: 146–9 Reginald Darwin Buxton 29 Mar …
  • … 1879 Charles Robert Darwin
  • … Sends Dr Erasmus Darwin’s commonplace book, some letters, and poems. Family news. …
  • … C. Darwin was commander of HMS Lord Warden from September 1878 until December 1879 ( …
  • … Archives, ADM 196/15/167). Mary Anne Darwin . For the story about the jockey, see letter …
  • … King-Hele, Desmond. 1999. Erasmus Darwin. A life of unequalled achievement. London: Giles …
  • … de la Mare Publishers. Krause, Ernst. 1879a. Erasmus Darwin, der Großvater …
  • … und Vorkämpfer Charles Darwin’s: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Descendenz-Theorie. Kosmos …
  • … 9): 397–424. Seward, Anna. 1804. Memoirs of the life of Dr. Darwin. London: J. Johnson. …
  • … offer my best regards & those of M rs Darwin & my son (who is home on a few days leave) …
  • … me| always affec tly yours | Reginald Darwin Top of letter : ‘New Market Jockey Story’ …
  • … See letter to Reginald Darwin, 27 March 1879 ; …
  • … CD and Erasmus Alvey Darwin were arranging a translation of Ernst Krause ’ …
  • … s sketch of the life of Erasmus Darwin ( Krause 1879a ). Matlock and Buxton were spa towns …
  • … of the statements made by Anna Seward in her biography of Erasmus Darwin ( Seward 1804 ). …
  • … Erasmus Darwin’s Commonplace book (Down House MS) was written between 1776 and 1787; for …
  • … 3. Erasmus Darwin’s son Charles was nineteen when he died. ‘Tardy mails’: slow mail …
  • … letter has not been found. Erasmus Darwin was buried in Breadsall church in Derbyshire ( …
  • … of 1831–6. Reginald’s son, Sacheverel Charles Darwin , was an officer in the Royal Navy. …
  • … Reginald also refers to George Howard Darwin and to …
  • … William Erasmus Darwin , who lived in Bassett, Southampton. S. …
  • … and passim . Reginald also refers to Erasmus Darwin’s ‘The folly of atheism’; Emma Sophia …
  • … has not been identified. Reginald’s father was Francis Sacheverel Darwin ; his mother …
  • … was Jane Harriett Darwin . His sisters were Mary Jane Worsley , …
  • … Wilmot , Frances Sarah Huish , Georgiana Elizabeth Swift , Violetta Harriot Darwin , Anne …
  • … Eliza Darwin , and Millicent Susan Oldershaw . …
  • … See letter to Reginald Darwin, 27 March 1879 and n. …

To C. M. C. Darwin   24 March 1879

Summary

Can CMCD provide a photograph of Elston, the birthplace of Erasmus Darwin, with permission to have it reproduced in Erasmus Darwin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charlotte Maria Cooper Darwin
Date:  24 Mar 1879
Classmark:  The late Mrs Vivien Kindersley (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11950F

Matches: 25 hits

  • … Francis Rhodes Darwin . …
  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, C. M. C. …
  • … To C.  M.  C.  Darwin   24 March 1879 …
  • … The late Mrs Vivien Kindersley (private collection) Charles Robert Darwin 24 Mar 1879 …
  • … Down Charlotte Maria Cooper Darwin
  • … provide a photograph of Elston, the birthplace of Erasmus Darwin, with permission to have …
  • … it reproduced in Erasmus Darwin . …
  • … so that I am not hopeful on this head. I beg leave to remain | Dear M rs . Darwin | Yours …
  • … sincerely | Charles Darwin
  • … Bibliography Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated from the German by …
  • … W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1879. …
  • … Krause, Ernst. 1879a. Erasmus Darwin, der Großvater …
  • … und Vorkämpfer Charles Darwin’s: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Descendenz-Theorie. Kosmos …
  • … Krause had published a biography of CD’s grandfather Erasmus Darwin ( Krause 1879a ). …
  • … CD’s brother was Erasmus Alvey Darwin . See letters from E. …
  • … A. Darwin, 8 March [1879] and 11 March [1879] . CD …
  • … planned to use a photograph of a portrait by Joseph Wright of Erasmus Darwin as the …
  • … frontispiece to Erasmus Darwin (see letter to Ernst Krause, 19 March 1879 and n. 8). …
  • … Hall, Nottinghamshire, was the seat of the senior branch of the Darwin family and the …
  • … birthplace of Erasmus Darwin . …
  • … Orpington. S.E.R. Mar 24/1879 Dear M rs Darwin, I am going to beg a little favour of you. …
  • … published a short life of D r Erasmus Darwin, chiefly in relation to his scientific work. …
  • … be greatly obliged. I fear that is not probable that M r Darwin or yourself possess any …
  • … documents about D r Darwin or letters from him; for if you have any & would not object to …

To the Darwin children   21 February 1879

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Summary

Circular about the distribution of the overplus of his income and advice on investment.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  21 Feb 1879
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 153
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11896

Matches: 26 hits

  • … To the Darwin children   21 February 1879 …
  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin, …
  • … Francis Darwin, G. …
  • … H. Darwin, …
  • … Horace Darwin, …
  • … Leonard Darwin, W. …
  • … E. Darwin, H. E. Litchfield, H. E. …
  • … advisers. Here ends my sermon— Charles Darwin To William Please forward this soon to G. & …
  • … F. “G.  H.  Darwin Esq Villa Beau Séjour Colonne Voirol Algiers. ” …
  • … DAR 210.6: 153 Charles Robert Darwin Down 21 Feb …
  • … 1879 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin
  • … Francis Darwin George …
  • … Howard Darwin
  • … Horace Darwin
  • … Leonard Darwin William …
  • … Erasmus Darwin Henrietta …
  • … Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma Litchfield …
  • … Frederick Ransome, 7 February 1866 ). George Howard and Francis Darwin were in Algiers; …
  • … see letter from Francis Darwin, [ c. 25 February 1879]. …
  • … Charles Langton , and CD and Erasmus Alvey Darwin . The trust paid out twice yearly on 30 …
  • … probably managed by CD’s son William Erasmus Darwin . The last payment to CD, for £352 10 …
  • … is dated 30 June 1876 and marked ‘W. E. Darwin in Trust money’ (CD’s Account books–banking …
  • … were Henrietta Emma Litchfield and Elizabeth Darwin ; his sons were William Erasmus , …
  • … Howard , Francis , Leonard , and Horace Darwin . CD had purchased shares in the Patent …

From Francis Galton   9 June 1879

Summary

Memorandum about Dr Erasmus Darwin’s bequests.

Author:  Francis Galton
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 June 1879
Classmark:  DAR 210.14: 30
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12097F

Matches: 50 hits

  • … Galton, Francis Darwin, C. R. …
  • … Memorandum about Dr Erasmus Darwin’s bequests. …
  • … DAR 210.14: 30 Francis Galton 9 June 1879 Charles Robert Darwin
  • … aside from a similar sum given him by his uncle, John Darwin (1730–1805) , it was the sole …
  • … pecuniary aid that Robert ever received ( Erasmus Darwin , p. 85). …
  • … Bibliography Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated from the German by …
  • … W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1879. …
  • … King-Hele, Desmond. 1999. Erasmus Darwin. A life of unequalled achievement. London: Giles …
  • … Mem: about D r . Erasmus Darwin’s bequests When D r . …
  • … Eras: Darwin died, he appears to have left no money …
  • … to D r . Robert Darwin who was the sole surviving issue of his first marriage with Miss …
  • … M r . Darwin’s) youngest Brother D r . …
  • … Eras. Darwin— Did Issue mean, D r . …
  • … Eras Darwin’s children—or children & …
  • … grandchildren— This much excited Emma Darwin—as D r . Rob et . had 6. children—& Violetta …
  • … decided against the grandchildren M rs . Darwin had only 2 children living at her death …
  • … Robert Waring Darwin (1766–1848) was the …
  • … sole surviving child of Erasmus Darwin and his first wife, Mary Howard . …
  • … Elizabeth Darwin ’s first husband was Edward Sacheverel …
  • … Pole ; her six children by Erasmus Darwin , still living at the time of his death, were …
  • … the illegitimate daughters. Robert Waring Darwin married Susannah Wedgwood (1765–1817) in …
  • … CD’s father, Robert Waring Darwin , had five other children: Marianne …
  • … Parker , Caroline Sarah Wedgwood , Susan Elizabeth Darwin , Erasmus …
  • … Alvey Darwin , and Catherine Langton . Violetta Galton ’s eight children …
  • … Adele Bunbury , Agnes Jane Galton , Darwin Galton , Erasmus Galton , Violetta Galton , and …
  • … his grandfather, CD did not discuss Erasmus Darwin’s legacies to any of his children; CD …
  • … that Erasmus had given his son Robert Waring Darwin £20 when he first set up his medical …
  • … £ 30.000. On the other hand, D r . Erasmus Darwin left comparatively very little money & a …
  • … a time, and it is supposed that D r . E.  Darwin was enabled to save what he did by living …
  • … Galton June 9/79. 1st ly . M rs . Eras: Darwin (neé Collier) had a jointure f m . Col l . …
  • … the Rev d John Gisborne— 2nd ly D r . E Darwin lived at Radbourne after his marriage to M …
  • … till M r . Pole was of age— M rs . Erasmus Darwin having £800-a year, besides the rent of …
  • … the Radbourne Let 3 rdly . D r . Eras: Darwin has to educate & place out at Ashbourne, M …
  • … Mother, M rs . Day— 4 thly . — D r . E Darwin lent several thousands, or I think there was …
  • … was left in his will to M rs . Era s . Darwin, (his 2 nd . Wife) & her Children—& it was …
  • … M rs . Archdall’s death. 5 th . When D r . E Darwin died—he left by his second marriage 6. …
  • … If the Archdall money was ever p d . M rs . Darwin was to have it, & the second family …
  • … at M rs . Darwin’s death—& so they did receive f r . 5 to £6,000—each f m .   …
  • … first to last— Had M rs . Eras s . Darwin died soon after her Husband—the Pole Jointure …
  • … money cd.  be paid which was very uncertain— Old M r . Darwin of Elston—left his Property— …
  • … some to his Heir William Darwin—& some to the issue of his ( …
  • … According to CD’s introductory sketch, Robert Waring Darwin received £20 from Erasmus when …
  • … he set up practice in Shrewsbury ( Erasmus Darwin , p. 85). The Poles had four children: …
  • … of the Pole family, a few miles west of Derby, was rented out by the Darwins for most of …
  • … the time until Elizabeth Darwin’s son Sacheverell Pole reached his majority at 21 ( King- …
  • … been employed by Erasmus as a nursemaid for Robert Waring Darwin (see King-Hele 1999 , pp. …
  • … 106–7). Robert Waring Darwin (1724–1816) , who died unmarried, was …
  • … the elder brother of William Brown Darwin , who then inherited Elston …
  • … Hall, and of Erasmus Darwin . …
  • … Emma Georgiana Elizabeth Darwin never married. …

To Francis Darwin   12 July [1879]

Summary

Notes observations on sensitivity and movement of radicles.

Has finished chapter [of Movement in plants] on sleeping plants and is now looking over heliotropism notes.

Is perplexed by Erasmus Darwin; Erasmus [A. Darwin] likes it, but Henrietta thinks it much too long.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  12 July [1879]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 62
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12152

Matches: 31 hits

  • Darwin, C. …
  • … R. Darwin, Francis …
  • … To Francis Darwin   12 July [1879] …
  • … DAR 211: 62 Charles Robert Darwin Down 12 …
  • … July [1879] Francis Darwin
  • … and is now looking over heliotropism notes. Is perplexed by Erasmus Darwin ; Erasmus [A. …
  • Darwin] likes it, but Henrietta thinks it much too long. …
  • … to Lakes & finish it there. I am tired— Ever yours | C.  Darwin (What are your plans, if …
  • … you have any, you degenerate Darwin. ) Abbadabba flourishing & Dumming …
  • … Bibliography Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated from the German by …
  • … W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1879. …
  • … Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. …
  • … Assisted by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880. …
  • … from 2 to 27 August 1879 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). …
  • … CD jokingly alludes to some of the more illustrious Darwin ancestors discovered …
  • … by George Howard Darwin while …
  • … researching Darwin family history (see letter from G. …
  • … H. Darwin, 24 June 1879 ). Abbadabba …
  • … was a pet name for Francis’s son, Bernard Darwin . ‘Dumming’: Bernard’ …
  • … s mispronunciation of ‘drumming’ (see letter to Francis Darwin, 4 July [1879] ). …
  • … by the relationship between this letter and the letter from Francis Darwin, 9 July 1879 . …
  • … See letter from Francis Darwin, 9 July 1879 and n. 1. Francis had not mentioned …
  • … Virginia spiderwort; see letter from Francis Darwin, 9 July 1879 and n. 2). CD described …
  • … mustard; see letter from Francis Darwin, [after 16 June 1879] ). In his investigations …
  • … the roots with gold-beater’s skin (see letter to Francis Darwin, 25 June [1879] and n. 5). …
  • … curvature’, see the letter to Francis Darwin, 16 June [1879] , n. 8. The long chapter for …
  • … away from the sun (see letter to Francis Darwin, 25 June [1879] and n. 6). Various members …
  • … proof-sheets of CD’s biographical sketch for Erasmus Darwin ; among them were Henrietta …
  • … Emma Litchfield , Erasmus Alvey Darwin , and …
  • … Emma Darwin . …
  • … The Darwins stayed at Coniston in the Lake District …
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Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots

Summary

Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…

Matches: 16 hits

  • … There are summaries of all Darwin's letters from the year 1879 on this website.  The full texts …
  • … 27 of the print edition of The correspondence of Charles Darwin , published by Cambridge …
  • … to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an …
  • … the sensitivity of the tips. Despite this breakthrough, when Darwin first mentioned the book to his …
  • … 1879 ). He was also unsatisfied with his account of Erasmus Darwin, declaring, ‘My little biography …
  • … a holiday in the Lake District in August did little to raise Darwin’s spirits. ‘I wish that my …
  • … W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [after 26] July [1879] ). From July, Darwin had an additional worry: the …
  • … that his grandfather had felt the same way. In 1792, Erasmus Darwin had written: ‘The worst thing I …
  • … contained a warmer note and the promise of future happiness: Darwin learned he was to be visited by …
  • … Hacon, 31 December 1879 ). Seventy years old Darwin’s seventieth birthday on 12 …
  • … the veteran of Modern Zoology’, but it was in Germany that Darwin was most fêted. A German …
  • … ). The masters of Greiz College in Thuringia venerated Darwin as ‘the deep thinker’, while …
  • … accepted in Germany. ‘On this festive day’, Haeckel told Darwin, ‘you can look back, with justified …
  • … Hermann Müller wrote on 12 February to wish Darwin a ‘long and serene evening of life’. This …
  • … on the theory of development in connection with Charles Darwin and Ernst Haeckel. Kosmos was, as …
  • … March, with encouragement from his brother, Erasmus Alvey Darwin, Darwin decided to publish an …

Darwin’s Photographic Portraits

Summary

Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of photography for the study of Expression and Emotions in Man and Animal, but can be witnessed in his many photographic portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that…

Matches: 14 hits

  • Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of …
  • … portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that Darwin undertook throughout his lifetime …
  • … was jokingly lamenting his role as an intermediary for Darwin and his correspondents from around the …
  • … of friends and relatives was not a pursuit unique to Darwin (the exchange of photographic images was …
  • … reinforced his experimental and scientific network. Darwin’s Portraits Darwin sat for …
  • … famous photographers to studio portraitists looking to sell Darwin’s image to the masses. Between …
  • … in nineteenth-century photography. Darwin’s first photo-chemical experience …
  • … This particular daguerreotype is unique in terms of Darwin’s collection of photographs – it is the …
  • … exchanged, but rather was an object of display placed on a Darwin family mantlepiece. The image …
  • … in London and made at least four different exposures of Darwin between 1853 and 1857. They …
  • … While this image is notable as the first popular image of Darwin, the extent to which Darwin
  • … me look atrociously wicked.” Image: Charles Darwin, by Maull & Polyblank, albumen …
  • … Portrait Gallery, London (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) Darwin’s next experience with the …
  • … with the results. In 1860-61 and again in 1864 Charles Darwin sat for his eldest son, William Darwin

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time.  And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth.  All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

Matches: 23 hits

  • … The year 1876 started out sedately enough with Darwin working on the first draft of his book on the …
  • … games. ‘I have won, hurrah, hurrah, 2795 games’, Darwin boasted; ‘my wife … poor creature, has won …
  • … regarding the ailments that were so much a feature of Darwin family life. But the calm was not to …
  • … four days later. ‘I cannot bear to think of the future’, Darwin confessed to William on 11 …
  • … once, the labour of checking proofs proved a blessing, as Darwin sought solace for the loss of his …
  • … and his baby son Bernard now part of the household, and Darwin recasting his work on dimorphic and …
  • … had involved much time and effort the previous year, and Darwin clearly wanted to focus his …
  • … When Smith, Elder and Company proposed reissuing two of Darwin’s three volumes of the geology of …
  • … single-volume edition titled Geological observations , Darwin resisted making any revisions at …
  • … volume, Coral reefs , already in its second edition. Darwin was nevertheless ‘firmly resolved not …
  • … meticulous correction of errors in the German editions made Darwin less anxious about correcting the …
  • … to Carus. ( Letter to J. V. Carus, 24 April 1876. ) Darwin focused instead on the second …
  • … concentrated on the ‘means of crossing’, was seen by Darwin as the companion to Cross and self …
  • … return to old work than part of the future work outlined by Darwin in his ‘little Autobiography’ ( …
  • … holiday after finishing Cross and self fertilisation , Darwin took up the suggestion made by a …
  • … for his family only. Writing for an hour every afternoon, Darwin finished his account on 3 August …
  • … dimittis.”’ (‘Recollections’, pp. 418–19). Darwin remained firm in his resolution to …
  • … ever return to the consideration of man.’ In particular, Darwin seemed eager to avoid issues that …
  • … wrote with the good news that he could restore Darwin to a religious life. This transformation would …
  • … that used to be called transmigration, Nemo pointed out to Darwin, adding, ‘the term nowadays is …
  • … enemies... Views such as these were easy enough for Darwin to dismiss, but it was more …
  • … St George Jackson Mivart in his Lessons from nature that Darwin had ‘at first studiously …
  • … unjust, but it was also the latest attack by the one man who Darwin felt had treated him ‘basely’ …

Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms

Summary

‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…

Matches: 20 hits

  • … heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old …
  • … to adapt to varying conditions. The implications of Darwin’s work for the boundary between animals …
  • … studies of animal instincts by George John Romanes drew upon Darwin’s early observations of infants, …
  • … of evolution and creation. Many letters flowed between Darwin and his children, as he took delight …
  • … Financial support for science was a recurring issue, as Darwin tried to secure a Civil List pension …
  • … with Samuel Butler, prompted by the publication of Erasmus Darwin the previous year. …
  • … Charles Harrison Tindal, sent a cache of letters from two of Darwin’s grandfather’s clerical friends …
  • … divines to see a pig’s body opened is very amusing’, Darwin replied, ‘& that about my …
  • … registry offices, and produced a twenty-page history of the Darwin family reaching back to the …
  • … the world’ ( letter from J. L. Chester, 3 March 1880 ). Darwin’s sons George and Leonard also …
  • … and conciliate a few whose ancestors had not featured in Darwin’s Life . ‘In an endeavour to …
  • … think I must pay a round of visits.’ One cousin, Reginald Darwin, warmed to George: ‘he had been …
  • … an ordinary mortal who could laugh’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin to Charles and Emma Darwin, 22 July …
  • … whose essay on Erasmus’s scientific work complemented Darwin’s biographical piece. Krause’s essay …
  • … Kosmos in February 1879, an issue produced in honour of Darwin’s birthday. Krause enlarged and …
  • … superficial and inaccurate piece of work’, although Darwin advised him not to ‘expend much powder …
  • … in the last sentence. When Butler read Erasmus Darwin , he noted the reference to his work, and …
  • … the position I have taken as regards D r Erasmus Darwin in my book Evolution old & New, and …
  • … 3 January 1880 ). At the top of Butler’s letter, Emma Darwin wrote: ‘it means war we think’. …
  • … a grievance to hang an article upon’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin, [28 January 1880] ). …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 25 hits

  • … Editions Plants always held an important place in Darwin’s theorising about species, and …
  • … his periods of severe illness. Yet on 15 January 1875 , Darwin confessed to his close friend …
  • … way to continuous writing and revision, activities that Darwin found less gratifying: ‘I am slaving …
  • … bad.’ The process was compounded by the fact that Darwin was also revising another manuscript …
  • … coloured stamens.’ At intervals during the year, Darwin was diverted from the onerous task of …
  • … zoologist St George Jackson Mivart. In April and early May, Darwin was occupied with a heated …
  • … chapter of the controversy involved a slanderous attack upon Darwin’s son George, in an anonymous …
  • … on 12 January , breaking off all future communication. Darwin had been supported during the affair …
  • … Society of London, and a secretary of the Linnean Society, Darwin’s friends had to find ways of …
  • … pp. 16–17). ‘How grandly you have defended me’, Darwin wrote on 6 January , ‘You have also …
  • … in public. ‘Without cutting him direct’, he advised Darwin on 7 January , ‘I should avoid him, …
  • … & again’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 16 January 1875 ). Darwin had also considered taking up …
  • … , ‘I feel now like a pure forgiving Christian!’ Darwin’s ire was not fully spent, however, …
  • … in the same Quarterly article that attacked George. Darwin raised the matter at the end of the …
  • … to rest, another controversy was brewing. In December 1874, Darwin had been asked to sign a memorial …
  • … Hensleigh and Frances Wedgwood. She had corresponded with Darwin about the evolution of the moral …
  • … could not sign the paper sent me by Miss Cobbe.’ Darwin found Cobbe’s memorial inflammatory …
  • … memorial had been read in the House of Lords (see ' Darwin and vivisection ').   …
  • … medical educators, and other interested parties. Darwin was summoned to testify on 3 November. It …
  • … ( Report of the Royal Commission on vivisection , p. 183). Darwin learned of Klein’s testimony …
  • … agree to any law, which should send him to the treadmill.’ Darwin had become acquainted with Klein …
  • … am astounded & disgusted at what you say about Klein,’ Darwin replied to Huxley on 1 November …
  • … the man.’   Poisons, plants, and print-runs Darwin’s keen interest in the progress of …
  • … leading physiologists. Indeed, some of the experiments that Darwin performed on plants, such as the …
  • … Vallisneria (tape grass). Fayrer had previously supplied Darwin with a quantity of the dried …

Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep

Summary

In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … lessen injury to leaves from radiation In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to …
  • … in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of experiments to …
  • … plant laboratories in Europe. While Francis was away, Darwin delighted in his role as …
  • … from botanical research was provided by potatoes, as Darwin took up the cause of an Irish …
  • … would rid Ireland of famine. Several correspondents pressed Darwin for his views on religion, …
  • … closed with remarkable news of a large legacy bequeathed to Darwin by a stranger as a reward for his …
  • … birthday ( letter to Ernst Haeckel, 12 February [1878] ), Darwin reflected that it was ‘more …
  • … Expression ), and the final revision of Origin (1872), Darwin had turned almost exclusively to …
  • … Movement in plants In the spring of 1878, Darwin started to focus on the first shoots and …
  • … were enrolled as researchers, as were family members. Darwin asked his niece Sophy to observe …
  • … ( letter to Sophy Wedgwood, 24 March [1878–80] ). While Darwin was studying the function of …
  • … on one side, then another, to produce movement in the stalk. Darwin compared adult and young leaves …
  • … after growth has ceased or nearly ceased.’ Finally, Darwin turned to plant motion below the …
  • … precision the lines of least resistance in the ground.’ Darwin would devote a whole chapter to the …
  • … that he missed sensitiveness of apex’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, [11 May 1878] ). Having …
  • … moisture, and various chemical and nutritive substances, Darwin next considered sound. He explained …
  • … instrument to various plants. To confirm the results, Darwin borrowed a siren from Tyndall, who had …
  • … ill-luck to them, are not sensitive to aerial vibrations’, Darwin complained. ‘I am ashamed at my …
  • … 8 August. ‘Alas Frank is off tomorrow to Wurzburg,’ Darwin wrote to Thiselton-Dyer on 2 June , ‘ …
  • … Thiselton-Dyer, 18 June [1878] ). While Francis was away, Darwin sent regular reports about their …
  • … to, about my work, I scribble to you ( letter to Francis Darwin, 7 [July 1878] ). Two weeks later …
  • … not having you to discuss it with’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, 20 [July 1878] ). It is …
  • … had chlorophyll, Francis reported ( letter from Francis Darwin, [after 7 July 1878] ): ‘The oats …
  • … we must have’, Francis wrote ( letter from Francis Darwin, [before 17 July 1878] ), ‘a strong …
  • … me to jump to conclusions rather’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, [before 3 August 1878] ). One day …
  • … day & never the bedded out one’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, [after 7 July 1878] ). Sachs’s …
  • … Cieselski & read him,’ he reported ( letter from Francis Darwin, [22 June 1878] ). ‘Sachs …
  • … de Vries and Julius Wiesner on the causes of plant movement, Darwin wrote on 25 July, ‘I am …
  • … is here the cure for all evils’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, [24 and 25 July 1878] ). …

Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … Ever since the publication of Expression , Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The …
  • … of these projects would culminate in a major publication. Darwin’s botany was increasingly a …
  • … assisted his father’s research on movement and bloom, and Darwin in turn encouraged his son’s own …
  • … The year 1877 was more than usually full of honours. Darwin received two elaborate photograph albums …
  • … from Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands. Closer to home, Darwin received an honorary Doctorate of …
  • … sites for possible earthworm activity. Now in his 69th year, Darwin remained remarkably productive, …
  • … no controversy. In his autobiographical reflections, Darwin remarked: ‘no little discovery of …
  • … (‘Recollections’, p. 419). During the winter and spring, Darwin was busy preparing the manuscript of …
  • … and presented to the Linnean Society of London. In the book, Darwin adopted the more recent term …
  • … as dimorphic without comparing pollen-grains & stigmas’, Darwin remarked to Joseph Dalton …
  • … measurements of the size and number of pollen-grains, Darwin compared the fertility of individual …
  • … primrose and purple loosestrife. In the course of his work, Darwin found a number of other …
  • … dreadful work making out anything about dried flowers’, Darwin complained to Asa Gray on 8 March …
  • … which include heterstyled species. This pleases me.’. Darwin dedicated the book to Gray, ‘as a small …
  • … separate publications together into a larger whole enabled Darwin to advance more speculative views …
  • … both pollen and seeds’ ( Forms of flowers , p. 344). Darwin was typically pessimistic about the …
  • … be sold’. His publisher knew from previous experience that Darwin was a poor judge of sales, and …
  • … after completing his manuscript of Forms of flowers , Darwin took up the problem of ‘bloom’ in …
  • … characteristic whose purpose was little understood. Darwin had begun studying bloom in August 1873, …
  • … exchanged between Down and Kew over the next six months. Darwin corresponded most often with the …
  • … been for your kindness, we sh d . have broken down’, Darwin wrote back on 5 September . ‘As it …
  • … injury from pure water resting on leaves’. In the end, Darwin did not publish on the subject, but …
  • … on leaves and the distribution of the stomata’ (F. Darwin 1886). Alongside his work on bloom, …
  • … closely to the leaves and required a tolerable shake’. Darwin gained another valuable observer in …
  • … T. Thiselton-Dyer, 25 August 1877 ). At Down House, Darwin and Francis devised a method of …
  • … the phenomenon in a Euphorbia (spurge) plant at Kew. Darwin then asked him to disturb the plant …
  • … card, and bits of glass. Encouraging Francis Darwin greatly enjoyed working with …
  • … fed a steady diet of meat. His findings answered a number of Darwin’s critics who had questioned …
  • … work on teasel was sent to the Royal Society of London by Darwin, who confessed to Hooker on 25 …

Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’.  Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

Matches: 23 hits

  • … The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the …
  • … in relation to Sex’. Always precise in his accounting, Darwin reckoned that he had started writing …
  • … gathered on each of these topics was far more extensive than Darwin had anticipated. As a result,  …
  • … and St George Jackson Mivart, and heated debates sparked by Darwin’s proposed election to the French …
  • … Finishing Descent; postponing Expression Darwin began receiving proofs of some of the …
  • … ( letter to Albert Günther, 13 January [1870] ). Darwin was still working hard on parts of the …
  • … style, the more grateful I shall be’  ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). She had …
  • … , the latter when she was just eighteen years of age. Darwin clearly expected her to make a …
  • … have thought that I shd. turn parson?’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). Henrietta …
  • … so unimportant as the mind of man!’ ( letter from H. E. Darwin, [after 8 February 1870] ). …
  • … philanthropist Frances Power Cobbe. At Cobbe’s suggestion, Darwin read some of Immanuel Kant’s  …
  • … ( letter to F. P. Cobbe, 23 March [1870?] ). Cobbe accused Darwin of smiling in his beard with …
  • … as animals: ears Despite Cobbe’s plea, most of Darwin’s scientific attention in 1870 was …
  • … fairy in Shakespeare’s  A midsummer night’s dream.  Darwin obtained a sketch of a human ear from …
  • … of a pointed tip projecting inward from the folded margin. Darwin, who had posed for the sculptor in …
  • … this volume, letter to Thomas Woolner, 10 March [1870] ). Darwin included Woolner’s sketch in  …
  • … muscles A more troubling anatomical feature for Darwin was the platysma myoides, a band of …
  • … of fright’, and one of his photographs, later used by Darwin in  Expression , showed a man whose …
  • … letter from James Crichton-Browne, 15 March 1870 ). Indeed, Darwin noted the same longitudinal …
  • … Researching expression: questions and questionnaires Darwin’s research on emotions continued …
  • … of the source of the Niger river. Reade was sceptical of Darwin’s view that standards of beauty were …
  • … evidence of the continuity of expressions across species, Darwin asked the zoo-keeper at Regent’s …
  • … much?’ ( letter to A. D. Bartlett, 5 January [1870] ). Darwin made a similar request of a London …

The death of Anne Elizabeth Darwin

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851.   Emma was heavily pregnant with their fifth son, Horace, at the time and could not go with Charles when he took Annie to Malvern to consult the hydrotherapist, Dr Gully.…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … lost the joy of the Household Charles and Emma Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at …
  • … to Malvern to consult the hydrotherapist, Dr Gully. Darwin wrote a memorial of his daughter …
  • … her own reactions in a poignant set of notes, which Emma Darwin kept. Links to a longer …
  • … and illness follow the transcriptions. Charles Darwin’s memorial of Anne Elizabeth …
  • …  ‘y. 4 An interlineation in pencil in Emma Darwin’s hand reads: ‘Mamma: what shall we do …
  • … To W. D. Fox, [ 27 March 1851 ] To Emma Darwin,  [17 April 1851] First letter to …
  • … From S. E. Wedgwood, [ 24 April 1851 ] From E. C. Darwin, [ 25? April 1851 ] To E. …

Darwin's life in letters

Summary

For all his working life, Darwin used letters as a way both of discussing ideas and gathering the ‘great quantities of facts’ that he used in developing and supporting his theories. They form a fascinating collection from many hundreds of correspondents,…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … do what I am doing pester them with letters. ( Darwin to John Jenner Weir, [6 March 1868 …
  • … and even specimens. So many letters flowed in that Darwin had a habit of burning batches of old …
  • … 8000 still survive in the main repository of his papers, the Darwin Archive at Cambridge University …
  • … these also to his archive. The researchers of the Darwin Correspondence Project based in …
  • … complete texts of more than 15,000 known surviving Darwin letters, wherever in the world they are …
  • … to the volumes of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin , the narrative of his life as …

Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 25 hits

  • …   On 6 March 1868, Darwin wrote to the entomologist and accountant John Jenner Weir, ‘If any …
  • … he ought to do what I am doing pester them with letters.’ Darwin was certainly true to his word. The …
  • … and sexual selection. In  Origin , pp. 87–90, Darwin had briefly introduced the concept of …
  • … process. In a letter to Alfred Russel Wallace in 1864, Darwin claimed that sexual selection was ‘the …
  • … 12, letter to A. R. Wallace, 28 [May 1864] ). Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as …
  • … to the stridulation of crickets. At the same time, Darwin continued to collect material on …
  • … his immediate circle of friends and relations. In July 1868 Darwin was still anticipating that his …
  • … which was devoted to sexual selection in the animal kingdom. Darwin described his thirst for …
  • … in January 1868. A final delay caused by the indexing gave Darwin much vexation. ‘My book is …
  • … 1867 and had expected to complete it in a fortnight. But at Darwin’s request, he modified his …
  • … the text. This increased the amount of work substantially. Darwin asked Murray to intervene, …
  • … … though it would be a great loss to the Book’. But Darwin’s angry letter to Murray crossed one from …
  • … blank’ ( letter from W. S. Dallas, 8 January 1868 ). Darwin sympathised, replying on 14 January …
  • … as stone, if it were not quite mollified by your note’. Darwin enclosed a cheque to Dallas for £55  …
  • … and descent in the  Fortnightly Review , and asked Darwin for comments. Darwin was clearly …
  • … ‘fast passing away’ that sparked the most discussion. Darwin wrote to Hooker on 23 February , …
  • … authorship. John Murray thought it was by Gray himself, but Darwin corrected him: ‘D r  Gray would …
  • … of Science, Robertson published a rejoinder, arousing Darwin’s ire still further: ‘he is a scamp …
  • … all sorts of subjects In writing  Variation , Darwin had been careful to acknowledge …
  • … great influx of unsolicited letters from persons unknown to Darwin, offering additional facts that …
  • … 1868 . The letter was addressed to ‘the Rev d  C. Darwin M.d’; Binstead evidently assumed Darwin
  • … in the world’ (from ?, 6 April 1868). On 21 May , Darwin complained to Hooker, ‘I am bothered …
  • … an outpouring of details and untoward examples even from Darwin’s inner circle of expert naturalists …
  • … by flexing. On 5 April , Edward Blyth, who had supplied Darwin with a wealth of information on …
  • … the opportunities provided by  Variation  for expanding Darwin’s network of informers proved very …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 25 hits

  • … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of  The variation of …
  • … markedly, reflecting a decline in his already weak health. Darwin then began punctuating letters …
  • … am languid & bedeviled … & hate everybody’. Although Darwin did continue his botanical …
  • … letter-writing dwindled considerably. The correspondence and Darwin’s scientific work diminished …
  • … of the water-cure. The treatment was not effective and Darwin remained ill for the rest of the year. …
  • … the correspondence from the year. These letters illustrate Darwin’s preoccupation with the …
  • … to man’s place in nature  both had a direct bearing on Darwin’s species theory and on the problem …
  • … detailed anatomical similarities between humans and apes, Darwin was full of praise. He especially …
  • … in expressing any judgment on Species or origin of man’. Darwin’s concern about the popular …
  • … Lyell’s and Huxley’s books. Three years earlier Darwin had predicted that Lyell’s forthcoming …
  • … first half of 1863 focused attention even more closely on Darwin’s arguments for species change. …
  • … ‘groan’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). Darwin reiterated in a later letter that it …
  • … of creation, and the origin of species particularly, worried Darwin; he told Hooker that he had once …
  • … letter to J. D. Hooker, 24[–5] February [1863] ). Darwin did not relish telling Lyell of his …
  • … ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). Nevertheless, Darwin’s regret was profound that the …
  • … the ‘brutes’, but added that he would bring many towards Darwin who would have rebelled against …
  • … from Charles Lyell, 11 March 1863 ). The botanist Asa Gray, Darwin’s friend in the United States, …
  • … off ( see letter from Asa Gray, 20 April 1863 ). In May, Darwin responded to Gray that Lyell’s and …
  • … or   Modification, ’. Faction fighting Darwin was not alone in feeling disaffected …
  • … in the subject. ‘The worst of it is’, Hooker wrote to Darwin, ‘I suppose it is virtually Huxley’s …
  • … that he had contributed to the proofs of human antiquity. Darwin and Hooker repeatedly exchanged …
  • … appeared in the  Natural History Review  in January, Darwin, who was already ill-disposed towards …
  • … January [1863] ). Archaeopteryx Falconer, Darwin, and others found an additional …
  • … of Owen’s ‘slip-shod and hasty account’ of the find, Darwin asked, ‘Has God demented Owen, as a …
  • … observed that the fossil was ‘a strange being à la Darwin’, a transitional form between reptiles and …

Darwin in letters, 1837–1843: The London years to 'natural selection'

Summary

The seven-year period following Darwin's return to England from the Beagle voyage was one of extraordinary activity and productivity in which he became recognised as a naturalist of outstanding ability, as an author and editor, and as a professional…

Matches: 28 hits

  • … The seven-year period following Darwin's return to England from the Beagle  voyage was one …
  • … a family Busy as he was with scientific activities, Darwin found time to re-establish family …
  • … close contact. In November 1838, two years after his return, Darwin became engaged to his cousin, …
  • … daughter, Anne Elizabeth, moved to Down House in Kent, where Darwin was to spend the rest of his …
  • … his greatest theoretical achievement, the most important of Darwin’s activities during the years …
  • … identifications of his bird and fossil mammal specimens, Darwin arrived at the daring and momentous …
  • … in species. With this new theoretical point of departure Darwin continued to make notes and explore …
  • … present in the version of 1859. Young author Darwin’s investigation of the species …
  • … the  Beagle  had returned to England, news of some of Darwin’s findings had been spread by the …
  • … great excitement. The fuller account of the voyage and Darwin’s discoveries was therefore eagerly …
  • … suitable categories for individual experts to work upon, Darwin applied himself to the revision of …
  • … of the surveying voyage of H.M.S. Adventure and Beagle. Darwin’s volume bore the title  Journal …
  • … visited by H.M.S. Beagle .  Also in November 1837, Darwin read the fourth of a series of papers to …
  • … to the Society of 9 March 1838), had been developed by Darwin from a suggestion made by his uncle, …
  • … Sedgwick, [after 15 May 1838] ). The new research Darwin undertook after 1837 was an …
  • … time, the parallel terraces, or ‘roads’, of Glen Roy. Darwin had seen similar formations on the …
  • … roads of Glen Roy’,  Collected papers  1: 88–137). Darwin later abandoned this view, calling it a …
  • … contemporaneous unstratified deposits of South America”, Darwin continued to defend his and Lyell’s …
  • … 1842, having heard of evidence of glaciation in North Wales, Darwin made a tour there in order to …
  • … more satisfactorily than any alternative explanation. Darwin eventually relinquished this theory and …
  • … the Beagle voyage In addition to his work on geology Darwin undertook to provide a …
  • … The correspondence provides a nearly complete record of Darwin’s arrangements with the Treasury, his …
  • … , by Thomas Bell—a total of nineteen quarto issues. Darwin contributed a substantial portion of the …
  • … and habitats of the species. Mr Arthrobalanus Darwin had originally planned to include …
  • … Archipelago off the coast of Chile. These unexpectedly led Darwin to devote eight years (1846–54) …
  • … As the correspondence from these years shows, that work put Darwin in communication with most of the …
  • … and corals by William Lonsdale ( Collected papers , 2). Darwin’s crustacean specimens, originally …
  • … Only the plants were neglected. During the voyage Darwin had expected that J. S. Henslow would …

Darwin in letters, 1844–1846: Building a scientific network

Summary

The scientific results of the Beagle voyage still dominated Darwin's working life, but he broadened his continuing investigations into the nature and origin of species. Far from being a recluse, Darwin was at the heart of British scientific society,…

Matches: 26 hits

  • … results of the  Beagle  voyage still dominated Darwin's working life, but throughout these …
  • … species and varieties. In contrast to the received image of Darwin as a recluse in Down, the letters …
  • … Down House was altered and extended to accommodate Darwin’s growing family and the many relatives …
  • … The geological publications In these years, Darwin published two books on geology,  Volcanic …
  • … papers for all these organisations. Between 1844 and 1846 Darwin himself wrote ten papers, six of …
  • … 2, letter to A. Y. Spearman, 9 October 1843, n. 1). Darwin's inner circle: first …
  • … not (it is like confessing a murder) immutable Darwin’s earlier scientific friendships …
  • … friends, with the addition of Hooker, were important to Darwin for—among other things—they were the …
  • … scientific issues that arose out of his work on species. Darwin discussed his ideas on species …
  • … Only two months after their first exchange, early in 1844, Darwin told Hooker that he was engaged in …
  • … correspondence that his close friends were not outraged by Darwin’s heterodox opinions and later in …
  • … But although eager for the views of informed colleagues, Darwin was naturally protective of his …
  • …  vol. 4, letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 [February 1847]). Darwin can be seen as a cautious strategist, …
  • … candidate, known to be working on species and varieties, was Darwin himself: as he told his cousin …
  • … the book to him. But, as his letters to Hooker show, Darwin carefully considered and then rejected …
  • … Perhaps the most interesting letter relating to Darwin’s species theory, which also bears on his …
  • … to his wife Emma, dated 5 July 1844 , just after Darwin had completed the final draft of his …
  • … who would undertake to see the work through the press. Darwin also listed possible editors: at first …
  • … on the work. But the list was subsequently altered after Darwin’s second, and possibly third, …
  • … Hooker’s was added. Much later, by the autumn of 1854 when Darwin began sorting out his notes in …
  • … the cover to that effect. The full consideration that Darwin gave to the future editing and …
  • … he was for much of the time too ill even to write letters, Darwin felt that his life was only too …
  • … in his health. Volcanoes, rocks, and fossils Darwin’s published work during this …
  • … elevation of extensive tracts of land relative to the sea. Darwin put forward a new explanation of …
  • … whose subsequent work led to the general acceptance of Darwin’s views.  South America  drew …
  • … structure of the land could best be explained by elevation. Darwin presented a wholeheartedly …

What did Darwin believe?

Summary

What did Darwin really believe about God? the Christian revelation? the implications of his theory of evolution for religious faith? These questions were asked again and again in the years following the publication of Origin of species (1859). They are…

Matches: 26 hits

  • … What did Darwin really believe about God? the Christian revelation? the implications of …
  • … rhetoric of crusading secularists, many of whom take Darwin as an icon. But Darwin was very …
  • … Letters became an important medium through which Darwin’s readers sought to draw him out on matters …
  • … the religious implications of his work. Letters written to Darwin by persons unknown to him became …
  • … own. Mary Boole’s letter In December 1866 Darwin received a letter from Mary Boole, a …
  • … See the letter Boole, like a number of Darwin’s readers, found a way of reconciling the …
  • … with some form of religious belief. But when Boole asks Darwin about specific points of belief, such …
  • … See the letter In his response to Boole, Darwin implies that certain questions are beyond …
  • … Science, or by the so called “inner consciousness”’. Darwin does not dismiss different forms of …
  • … such territory in this letter to a stranger. Emma Darwin In what is perhaps …
  • … mind. See the letter In this letter, Darwin is quite clear that he has never …
  • … he says, is often in a state of flux. What did Darwin mean by the term “agnostic”? The word …
  • … about questions such as the existence and nature of God. For Darwin, it also seems to imply that …
  • … be answered by science, and other questions that can not. Darwin had made this point in his response …
  • … their engagement in 1838, we find an early expression of Darwin’s religious doubts. Darwin’s …
  • … with you. See the letter We know from Darwin’s scientific notebooks from this …
  • … these differences to be shared. The tendency amongst Darwin scholars has been to assume that …
  • … part, sustained their marriage. If not deeply religious, Darwin was at least not disrespectful to …
  • … and wifely devotion have appeared only as a background to Darwin’s own life and intellectual …
  • … was another important religious tradition in the Darwin and Wedgwood families. Josiah Wedgwood, who …
  • … the Darwins and Wedgwoods, together in the first place. Darwin had attended a Unitarian school in …
  • … writer Frances Power Cobbe. All were regular guests of Darwin’s brother Erasmus, and of Emma’s …
  • … only to recite the liturgy. But we know, from Francis Darwin’s comments, that Emma used to make the …
  • … Emma’s Bible also contains some annotations by Darwin. These indicate a critical reading of …
  • … approaches to the text. They also show that Darwin looked to the Bible as a guide to moral …
  • … you do not consider your opinion as formed’. As Darwin would later reveal to Fordyce and …

Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 28 hits

  • … On 14 May 1856, Charles Darwin recorded in his journal that he ‘Began by Lyell’s advice  writing …
  • … more for the sake of priority than anything else—Darwin was reluctant to squeeze his expansive …
  • … Natural selection . Determined as he was to publish, Darwin nevertheless still felt cautious …
  • … specialist in Madeiran entomology, Thomas Vernon Wollaston. Darwin also came to rely on the caustic …
  • … in London. Natural Selection Not all of Darwin’s manuscript on species has been …
  • … of pigeons, poultry, and other domesticated animals. As Darwin explained to Lyell, his studies, …
  • … can William Bernhard Tegetmeier continued to help Darwin acquire much of the material for …
  • … on domestic animals in India and elsewhere. William Darwin Fox supplied information about cats, dogs …
  • … mastiffs. The disparate facts were correlated and checked by Darwin, who adroitly used letters, …
  • … can.’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 8 February [1857] ). Darwin also attempted to test ideas …
  • … garden species with their wild congeners. Many of Darwin’s conclusions about the variation of …
  • … these chapters are not extant. It seems likely that Darwin used the manuscript when compiling  The …
  • … or lost during the process. Before the publication of Darwin's correspondence from these years, …
  • … light on the role that these ideas were intended to play in Darwin’s formal exposition. …
  • … selection could not act without varieties to act upon, Darwin wanted to know where, how, and in what …
  • … Making the fullest possible use of his botanical friends, Darwin cross-examined them on different …
  • … and conditions of existence? One useful example that Darwin intended to include in his book was the …
  • … relatives. But a last-minute check with Hooker revealed that Darwin was mistaken: ‘You have shaved …
  • … was wrong ( letter to John Lubbock, 14 July [1857] ). Darwin thought his results showed that …
  • … than relinquish the results achieved after so much effort, Darwin began the whole laborious project …
  • … Such perseverance is perhaps the key to this period in Darwin’s life. He brought the same quality of …
  • … This was the origin and function of sex in nature. Darwin had always been intrigued by the …
  • … must occasionally be cross-fertilised by other individuals. Darwin sought information on this …
  • … request led Huxley to make a note for future reference, ‘Darwin, an absolute & eternal …
  • … not give a categorical answer. Nor could the botanists that Darwin asked about plants whose flowers …
  • … George Bentham, and the Belfast botanist George Dickie. Darwin’s theoretical notions also encouraged …
  • … Science at home: the botanical experiments Darwin’s researches into the purpose and results …
  • … papilionaceous flowers would allow for cross-fertilisation. Darwin carried out his researches with …

Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles

Summary

Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…

Matches: 25 hits

  • … Species theory In November 1845, Charles Darwin wrote to his friend and confidant Joseph …
  • … and  Fossil Cirripedia  (1851, 1854). What led Darwin to engage in this work when he was …
  • … group. Light is shed on the close relationship between Darwin’s systematic descriptive work and the …
  • … often frustrating taxonomical maze. Throughout these years, Darwin was also struggling with a …
  • … explained in detail in letters to friends and relatives, Darwin felt sufficiently restored in health …
  • … Nevertheless, it is evident from his correspondence that Darwin’s two hours at the microscope did …
  • … Phillips, and Daniel Sharpe, demonstrating the extent of Darwin’s continued involvement in …
  • … and naturalists, most notably James Dwight Dana, Henry Darwin Rogers, and Bernhard Studer, and the …
  • … In the midst of all this activity, Hooker responds to Darwin’s particular queries and sends …
  • … British government in scientific research during the period. Darwin also contributed to these …
  • … scientific work of naval officers and travellers in general. Darwin was asked by the editor, Sir …
  • … to J. F. W. Herschel, 4 February [1848] ). Letters between Darwin and Richard Owen, author of the …
  • … zoology between them. Owen included in his chapter notes by Darwin on the use of microscopes on …
  • … the leading questions and wide views spelt out by Darwin in the Admiralty  Manual  are also those …
  • … Inverness, in which he maintained that the terraces, which Darwin believed to be of marine origin, …
  • … of Glen Roy had produced a lake and the consequent beaches. Darwin carefully re-examined his own …
  • … editor of the  Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal , Darwin asked for it to be destroyed. Only the …
  • … ). Other letters to colleagues at this time indicate that Darwin was beginning to feel that the Glen …
  • … 8 [September 1847] ). The second geological theory Darwin felt the need to defend had to do …
  • … that only a great rush of water could carry them up hills. Darwin’s response was to explain such …
  • … rocks and foliation in metamorphic rocks, on the other. Darwin maintained that cleavage was the …
  • … to convince other prominent geologists, among them Lyell, so Darwin was keenly interested in what …
  • … subject. The letters also reveal that Lyell sought Darwin’s advice in the preparation of new …
  • … Manual of elementary geology . In addition, Lyell asked for Darwin’s view of his major new theory …
  • … on slopes with dips of more than three or four degrees. Even Darwin, Lyellian though he was, had …

Visiting the Darwins

Summary

'As for Mr Darwin, he is entirely fascinating…'  In October 1868 Jane Gray and her husband spent several days as guests of the Darwins, and Jane wrote a charming account of the visit in a sixteen-page letter to her sister.  She described Charles…

Matches: 25 hits

  • … As for Mr Darwin, he is entirely fascinating…   Darwin often discouraged would-be …
  • … her sister, Susan Loring.  She described Charles and Emma Darwin, their daughter Henrietta, Down …
  • … on— Since a severe attack of illness, Mr. Darwin sits on an easy chair raised very high, …
  • … and grounds Tuesday I had a little walk with Mrs. Darwin round their grounds— The house …
  • … easy chairs of all shapes & kinds, from Mr. Darwin’s great throne, to “the latest instrument of …
  • … After breakfast there were prayers in the drawing-room, Mrs. Darwin leading the services— Then some …
  • … a little uncertain, & kept very quiet all day— Darwin’s Expression experiment (or the …
  • … the glass!— The experiment was one in which Darwin asked a succession of visitors  to …
  • … were being stimulated by electric probes. Henrietta Darwin The oldest daughter …
  • … for Bromley, where we again took Cabs for Down, where Mr. Darwin lives— It was so dark by the time …
  • … first Cab, & whilst waiting for the second to draw up, Mr. Darwin came out into the hall to …
  • … home face! We made quite a party for dinner—Mr. & Mrs. Darwin, she in black velvet, two …
  • … Tyndal, Wm. Hooker, a boy of 16 but looking only 14, Leonard Darwin— I can’t get used to being grand …
  • … dinner with lively talk— When the ladies retired, Mrs. Darwin’s sister, Miss Wedgewood, & niece, …
  • … of the Country, will allow— Later I got talking with Mrs. Darwin & Mrs. Kempson, & happened …
  • … After breakfast there were prayers in the drawing-room, Mrs. Darwin leading the services— Then some …
  • … charming talks now & then— It was a rare chance when Mr. Darwin, Dr. Hooker, Dr. Tyndal & Dr …
  • … that does not often come in one’s way— Mrs. Darwin’s brother came to breakfast, Mr. Wedgewood, whose …
  • … quick interest in so many things. As for Mr. Darwin, he is entirely fascinating— He is tall & …
  • … in recommending “My Lady Ludlow”— Mrs. Darwin is very lovable, with her sweet, placid manner …
  • … & Mrs. Kempson came to dine— In the afternoon Mrs. Darwin took me in the carriage to call on the …
  • … walks. Tuesday I had a little walk with Mrs. Darwin round their grounds— The house faces, …
  • … easy chairs of all shapes & kinds, from Mr. Darwin’s great throne, to “the latest instrument of …
  • … always in use— Since a severe attack of illness, Mr. Darwin sits on an easy chair raised very high, …
  • … at lunch or breakfast— The two young footmen then— Mr. Darwin came to lunch, but always breakfasted …

Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter

Summary

The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The …
  • … life but I trust happy The anguish felt by Darwin is painfully expressed in letters …
  • … speak of her again. Yet the family gradually recovered, Darwin’s monographs were printed, and Darwin
  • … to the cirripedes. Before turning to his species work, Darwin somewhat ruefully recorded in his …
  • … monographs by natural history societies, though welcomed by Darwin, did not run smoothly. …
  • … the  Correspondence  describes the major achievements of Darwin’s cirripede work as a whole and …
  • … societies, which were supported by subscriptions, was that Darwin’s volumes were not publicly …
  • … in Germany at the forefront of work in invertebrate zoology, Darwin began a correspondence with …
  • … provided the foundations for a relationship with Darwin that soon developed into a valued friendship …
  • … April 1854, when his cirripede study was drawing to a close, Darwin re-entered London scientific …
  • … with lots of claret is what I want Perhaps Darwin’s decision to take a more active …
  • … to substantiate it is manifest in the correspondence. Darwin’s friends and colleagues were …
  • … outspoken young naturalists like Huxley, reacted eagerly to Darwin’s suggestions, although not …
  • … for the geographical distribution of animals and plants. Darwin began a series of researches on the …
  • … with the effects of known changes in climate and geology. Darwin boldly rejected the popular idea of …
  • … Some of the most interesting letters in this volume set out Darwin’s practical researches and …
  • … Variation and extinction The other main focus of Darwin’s research centred on determining the …
  • … seeds and bees An interest in variation naturally led Darwin to study the works of plant …
  • … views concerning decreased fertility of hybrids, Darwin began in the spring of 1855 a series of …
  • … a subject to which he returned in later years. Darwin also undertook experiments relating to …
  • … study, like another on sensitive plants, was an attempt by Darwin to ‘break the constitution of …

Darwin and vivisection

Summary

Darwin played an important role in the controversy over vivisection that broke out in late 1874. Public debate was sparked when the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals brought an unsuccessful prosecution against a French physiologist who…

Matches: 25 hits

  • Darwin played an important role in the controversy over vivisection that broke …
  • … on live animals in Britain. In December 1874, Darwin was asked to sign a memorial by the …
  • … draft legislation that would protect animals from suffering. Darwin was sympathetic to the cause, …
  • … (letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January [1875] ). Darwin also worried that any bill passed by a …
  • … to T. H. Huxley, 14 January 1875 ). In the event, Darwin became closely involved with the …
  • … for assistance in preparing a bill for Parliament. Darwin almost never involved himself in …
  • … recent research on insectivorous plants. Indeed, some of Darwin’s plant experiments, such as …
  • … and because it failed to mention anaesthetics. Darwin’s indebtedness and allegiance to …
  • … to put an end to any suffering before his eyes’. Darwin was clearly disturbed by the prospect …
  • … to E. R. Lankester, 22 March [1871] ). In the same year, Darwin had published Descent of man , …
  • … some animals possessed social sympathies akin to conscience. Darwin even described an animal …
  • … 1: 40).  Vivisection was a sensitive subject within Darwin’s family. In his letter of 14 …
  • … of a network of reformers and philanthropists that included Darwin’s brother, Erasmus, and his …
  • … of course) or I might get one or two’ (letter from Emma Darwin to F. P. Cobbe, 14 January [1875] …
  • … night, prepares and sets instruments of torture’ ( Emma Darwin (1904) 2: 201). Darwin’s …
  • … (letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 12 February 1875 ). Darwin was in London from 31 March to 12 …
  • … to Burdon Sanderson, who drafted a memorial, sending it to Darwin on 7 April (letter from J. S. …
  • … was prepared with the legal assistance of Lushington and Darwin’s son-in-law Richard Buckley …
  • … sought from some ‘half dozen eminent scientific men’. Darwin sent a copy to Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … bill was submitted by Playfair on 12 May.   The Darwin Archive (DAR)  in Cambridge …
  • … between different parties, some of which are evident in Darwin’s correspondence in April and May …
  • … frogs to demonstrate fundamental physiological processes. Darwin wrote to Playfair about the changes …
  • … ). In his testimony before the Royal Commission (see below), Darwin described the bill as having …
  • … testimony was presented in full in the final report. Darwin was asked to appear before the …
  • … of the medical profession mounted a more organised defence. Darwin followed the debate with interest …
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