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Begins 'Natural Selection'
Summary
Darwin begins writing his 'big book', Natural Selection. The book was never finished, but later formed the basis for On the Origin of Species
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- … Darwin begins writing his 'big book', Natural Selection. The book was never finished, but …
Moves to Down, Kent
Summary
The Darwins move to Down House, in the village of Down (later 'Downe'), Kent. Darwin, who spent the rest of his life there, described it as a "good, very ugly house".
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- … The Darwins move to Down House, in the village of Down (later 'Downe'), Kent. Darwin, who spent …
Alexander Burns Usborne
Summary
Alexander Burns Usborne was born in Kendal, Westmorland, in 1808, the son of Alexander and Margaret Usborne; his father died in 1818 and in his will was described as the purser on HMS Hannibal. His son joined the navy in 1825 aged 16 as a second-class…
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- … with his mother and his older sister Ann Amelia. In 1842 he returned to surveying around the British …
Mary Darwin
Summary
The Darwins' second daughter and third child, Mary Darwin, is born; she dies on 16 October
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- … The Darwins' second daughter and third child, Mary Darwin, is born; she dies on 16 October …
Natural selection
Summary
How do new species arise? This was the ancient question that Charles Darwin tackled soon after returning to England from the Beagle voyage in October 1836. Darwin realised a crucial (and cruel) fact: far more individuals of each species were born than…
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- … How do new species arise? This was the ancient question that Charles Darwin tackled soon after …
Hensleigh Wedgwood
Summary
Hensleigh Wedgwood, Emma Darwin’s brother and Charles’s cousin, was a philologist, barrister and original member of the Philological Society, which had been created in 1842. In 1857, while Wedgwood was preparing a dictionary of English etymology, he wrote…
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- … of the Philological Society, which had been created in 1842. In 1857, while Wedgwood was preparing a …
Darwin and working from home
Summary
Ever wondered how Darwin worked? As part of our For the Curious series of simple interactives, ‘Darwin working from home’ lets you explore objects from Darwin’s study and garden at Down House to learn how he worked and what he had to say about it. And not…
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- … Darwin moved into Down House in Kent on 17 th September 1842 and remained there for the rest of …
Philip Gidley King
Summary
King was born in Parramatta, New South Wales on 31 October 1817, son of Captain Phillip Parker King and Harriett (Lethbridge). His grandfather, also named Philip Gidley King, had been governor of New South Wales. As a child, King travelled to England with…
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- … parents in Parramatta. He studied livestock handling and in 1842 joined the Australian Agricultural …
Fool's experiments
Summary
‘I love fools' experiments. I am always making them’, was one of the most interesting things the zoologist E. Ray Lankester ever heard Darwin say. ‘A great deal might be written as comment on that statement’, Lankester later recorded, but he limited…
Asa Gray
Summary
Darwin’s longest running and most significant exchange of correspondence dealing with the subjects of design in nature and religious belief was with the Harvard botanist Asa Gray. Gray was one of Darwin’s leading supporters in America. He was also a…
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- … professor of natural history at Harvard University in 1842, a post he held until his death in 1888. …
Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter
Summary
The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…
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- … The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. …
Emma Darwin
Summary
Emma Darwin, Charles Darwin's wife and first cousin, was born Emma Wedgwood, the eighth and youngest child of Josiah Wedgwood II and Bessy Allen. Her father was the eldest son of the famous pottery manufacturer, Josiah Wedgwood I. Her mother was one…
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- … year, and Anne Elizabeth Darwin was born in March 1841. In 1842, Charles bought Down House in the …
The geology of the Beagle voyage
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The primary concern that linked much of Darwin’s geological work in the Beagle years was to understand the changing relation between the levels of land and sea. As he studied the shores of South America, and discovered shells inland at thousands of feet…
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- … The structure and distribution of coral reefs (1842), Geological observations on the volcanic …
Leonard Jenyns
Summary
When Darwin returned from the Beagle voyage there was no-one available to describe the fish that he had collected. At Darwin’s request Jenyns, a friend from Cambridge days, took on the challenge. It was not an easy one: at that time Jenyns had only worked…
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- … of the Voyage of the Beagle published between 1840 and 1842. The manuscript version of this survives …
Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
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- … bookseller had in obtaining the first edition, published in 1842 ( Correspondence vol. 21, …
Alfred Russel Wallace
Summary
Wallace was a leading Victorian naturalist, with wide-ranging interests from biogeography and evolutionary theory to spiritualism and politics. He was born in 1823 in Usk, a small town in south-east Wales, and attended a grammar school in Hertford. At the…
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- … on 18 June, “if Wallace had my M.S. sketch written out in 1842 he could not have made a better short …
1.2 George Richmond, marriage portrait
Summary
< Back to Introduction Few likenesses of Darwin in his youth survive, although more may once have existed. In a letter of 1873 an old Shrewsbury friend, Arthur Mostyn Owen, offered to send Darwin a watercolour sketch of him, painted many years…
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- … a second portrait of ‘Mrs Charles Darwin’ followed in 1842. Perhaps this suggests that a second pair …
About Darwin
Summary
To many of us, Darwin’s name is synonymous with his theory of evolution by natural selection. But even before the publication of On the Origin of Species in 1859, he was publicly known through his popular book about the voyage of the Beagle, and he was…
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- … and privately developed a theory of evolution. In 1842, Charles and Emma moved just south of London …
About Darwin
Summary
To many of us, Darwin’s name is synonymous with his theory of evolution by natural selection. But even before the publication of On the Origin of Species in 1859, he was publicly known through his popular book about the voyage of the Beagle, and he was…
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- … and privately developed a theory of evolution. In 1842, Charles and Emma moved just south of London …
Darwin and the Church
Summary
The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…
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- … not that of a clergyman. The parish of Down In 1842, within six years of his return …
