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Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep

Summary

In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … sensitiveness of apex’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, [11 May 1878] ). Having found plants …
  • … to expertise. ‘It is funny’, he wrote to Huxley on 11 August , ‘the Academy having elected a man …
  • … whatever he earnestly desires’ ( letter to James Grant, 11 March 1878 ). The question of …

Have you read the one about....

Summary

... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … rather the best of the fight’ ( letter from G. F. Crawte, 11 March 1882 ). The battle apparently …
  • … a ‘Glycerin Pepsin mixture’ (letters to W. W. Baxter, 11 March 1882 and 18 March [1882 ]). …
  • … immediately wrote to George, who had visited Down on 11 April (Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). …
  • … man’s private property’ ( letter to George Warington, 11 October [1867] ). Respecting the …

Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest

Summary

The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of  Origin. Darwin got the fourth…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Haeckel. The German zoologist had written to Darwin on 11 January 1866 , ‘Every time I succeed in …
  • … (Correspondence vol. 9, letter from Asa Gray, 11 October 1861 ). Darwin wished to establish …
  • … diœcious’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin, [7 May – 11 June 1866] ). On examining more specimens later …
  • … ‘I am glad to hear from Spencer’, Huxley wrote on 11 November , ‘that you are on the right (that …

Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters

Summary

On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … admitted that he no longer believed in fixity of species [11 January 1844] ? …

Darwin’s observations on his children

Summary

Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…

Matches: 10 hits

  • … at sudden sounds. & at Emma’s moving 3 [11]  When one month & one day old. …
  • … after each scream approaches it.— 8  Between 11 & 12 weeks old in smiling. I observe …
  • … with moisture, but not enough to run over April 11 th . It appeared to me that the Baby …
  • … lifts up & wrinkles  lower  eyelids.— 11 [22] April 19 th . Knew Anne,[23] most …
  • … April 4 14wks & 1 day. 11 – 12     May 16 …
  • … weight of clothes 1lb Wed Oct 11         …
  • … only difference between our door N o  12 and N o  11 is in the slit for the Letter box.— he …
  • … a flower said. “I’ve a fact to do” 52  June 11./55/ Lenny came with a piece of rag & …
  • … [1] The observations are in DAR 210.11.1, a vellum-covered notebook inscribed with the initials of …
  • … Erasmus was Emma and CD’s first child. [11] The first paragraph on this page was written in …

Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … the enthusiastic breeder, who apologised in a letter of 11–13 May 1868 for his ‘voluminuous zeal …
  • … Weir, 30 May [1868] ). Sexual selection On 11 February , Darwin wrote to the …
  • … views differed. Of deer-hounds, Cupples wrote between 11 and 13 May , ‘much depends on the …
  • … ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 1 September [1868], n. 11 ). ‘I am not sure’, Darwin reflected in a …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 2461 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [11 May 1859] Darwin expresses anxiety over …
  • … work. Letter 5861 - Blyth, E. to Darwin, [11 February 1868] Zoologist …
  • … Letter 9633 - Nevill, D. F. to Darwin, [11 September 1874] Dorothy Nevill tells …

Vivisection: first sketch of the bill

Summary

Strictly Confidential Mem: This print is only a first sketch. It is being now recast with a new & more simple form – but the substance of the proposed measure may be equally well seen in this draft. R.B.L. | 2 586 Darwin and vivisection …

Matches: 3 hits

  • … otherwise than according to Act. “ 11. —Renewal of license. “ 12. —Licensed …
  • … of offences under that Act. Renewal of licence. 11.—It shall be lawful for the Secretary …
  • … and restrictions contained in sections numbered 8, 9, 10, 11, of the said act. (Signed) …

Darwin in letters, 1844–1846: Building a scientific network

Summary

The scientific results of the Beagle voyage still dominated Darwin's working life, but he broadened his continuing investigations into the nature and origin of species. Far from being a recluse, Darwin was at the heart of British scientific society,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … a murder) immutable’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [11 January 1844] ). Nine months later, in his …

List of correspondents

Summary

Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent.    "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…

Matches: 19 hits

  • … (1) Athenæum (11) Atkin, J. R. (1) …
  • … (3) Bosquet, J. A. H. de (11) Bostock, John …
  • … (2) Breitenbach, Wilhelm (11) Brent, B. P. …
  • … (2) Bunbury, C. J. F. (11) Bunbury, F. J. …
  • … (1) Caspary, Robert (11) Cassell Petter & …
  • … (40) Crick, W. D. (11) Crier, John …
  • … (1) Crocker, C. W. (11) Crocq, Jean …
  • … (1) Dobell, H. B. (11) Dobson, G. E. …
  • … (7) Farrar, F. W. (11) Farrer, T. H. …
  • … (280) Gray, G. R. (11) Gray, J. E. …
  • … (1) Harvey, W. H. (11) Harward, John …
  • … (289) Hyatt, Alpheus (11) Hyndman, G. C. …
  • … (1) Lewes, G. H. (11) Lewin, Friend …
  • … (3) Lynch, R. I. (11) Lónyay, Menyhért …
  • … (1) Morgan, L. H. (11) Morley, John …
  • … (3) Shaw, James (11) Shaw, Robert (3 …
  • … (4) Sowerby, G. B. (11) Sowerby, G. B., Jr …
  • … (1) Strickland, H. E. (11) Struthers, John …
  • … (2) Wedgwood, Elizabeth (11) Wedgwood, Emma …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … I finish with this & get it published’ ( To Asa Gray, 11 March [1873] ). In April 1873, …
  • … as he wanted to make corrections for a new edition. On 11 December, Darwin sent corrected sheets to …
  • … repaged & the index a little altered’ ( To R. F. Cooke, 11 December [1877] ). These changes …

Joseph Dalton Hooker

Summary

The 1400 letters exchanged between Darwin and Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911) account for around 10% of Darwin’s surviving correspondence and provide a structure within which all the other letters can be explored.  They are a connecting thread that spans…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Developing a theory: Darwin to J. D. Hooker, [11 January 1844] : Darwin cautiously reveals …

St George Jackson Mivart

Summary

In the second half of 1874, Darwin’s peace was disturbed by an anonymous article in the Quarterly Review suggesting that his son George was opposed to the institution of marriage and in favour of ‘unrestrained licentiousness’. Darwin suspected, correctly,…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Darwin sent George’s letter to Murray with his letter of 11 August 1874 , and was no doubt …
  • … probably refers to Darwin’s letter to Mivart of 11 January 1872 ( Correspondence vol. 20), in …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 3342 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 11 Dec [1861] Darwin writes to Gray about politics …
  • … Letter 5004 — Darwin, C. R. to Shaw, James, 11 Feb [1866] Darwin thanks James Shaw for the …
  • … Letter 1536 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, J. W. (b), 11 Oct [1853] Darwin gives his opinion to …

Darwin in letters, 1867: A civilised dispute

Summary

Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, The variation of animals and plants under domestication (Variation). The importance of Darwin’s network of correspondents becomes vividly apparent in his work on expression in…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … asking again for information on Fuegian expressions. On 11 January 1867, Sulivan replied , …
  • … to Alfred Russel Wallace, who suggested in his response of 11 March [1867] that Darwin send his …
  • … Darwin’s theory (letter from Fritz to Hermann Müller, 11 February 1867, in Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: …

Darwin in letters, 1871: An emptying nest

Summary

The year 1871 was an extremely busy and productive one for Darwin, with the publication in February of his long-awaited book on human evolution, Descent of man. The other main preoccupation of the year was the preparation of his manuscript on expression.…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Arthur Nicols, 7 March 1871 ; letter from B. J. Sulivan, 11 March 1871 ; letter from Hermann …
  • … a ‘venerable old Ape’ ( letter from D. Thomas, [after 11 March 1871] ).  Descent  and …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 28 hits

  • … 3v.] Hunter has written Quarto work on Physiology 11  besides the paper collected by Owen …
  • … 1831]. Book I. ch. 7 & Book II. Ch. 8. Book. VII. ch 8, 11. read 1 st . vol of Lamarck. …
  • … 1834b]. 9. Columbidæ (Pigeons.) [Selby 1835] 11. Ruminating Animals (Deer, Antelopes, …
  • … Grammont’s Memoirs [Gramont 1714] light & poor Nov 11. Bamford life of Radicle [Bamford …
  • … (in relation to Köelreuter) in Revue Horticole No 9–11 89  1853 [Lecoq 1853]. Reviewed in …
  • … Nat. Hist Zoologist [ Zoologist ] vols. before 11 & 12.— 106 Thumberg Travels …
  • … Home Tour. (various parts) [G. Head 1837] good —— 11. Oersted’s Soul of Nature [Ørsted 1847] …
  • … . Esmond. by Thackeray [Thackeray 1852] (Poor) Nov. 11. Sir Hudson Lowe’s life and letters [H …
  • … Society of Bengal ]. Vol. I. (1832) 2. 3. 4. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. (1843). not much except Blyth. …
  • … 1852] [DAR 128: 7] 1854 Jan 11 th . Pulsky Red, Black & White …
  • … Tome I [DAR 128: 9] 1854 March 11 th . Comte Philosophie Positive G …
  • … on Commercial Law: [Stephen 1853] very good. May 11 th  Evelyn Diary [Evelyn 1827] 3 vols. …
  • … 1855] Ap 27 th  Zoologist [ Zoologist ] vols. 11 & 12, for 1853 & 1854 Ap …
  • … by E. Vernon Harcourt p. 1851 [Harcourt 1851] —— 11 Busk Catalogue of Polyzoa [Busk 1852–4] …
  • … Guignes, and Silvestre de Sacy, eds.] 1776–1814] 11 Gosse Birds of Jamaica [Gosse 1847] …
  • … [J. B. Davis and Thurnam 1856–65]. (Crawfurd) July 11. Pistor Das Ganze Taubenzucht [Pistor …
  • … d “. See Notebook C, p. 267 ( Notebooks ). 11  This work has not been identified. …
  • … in the interior of America.  2 vols. London.  128: 11 Bethune, John. 1840.  Poems by the …
  • … ——. 1853.  Home life in Germany . London.  128: 11 Bradley, Richard. 1724.  A general …
  • … in wild countries.  London. [Darwin Library.]  128: 11 Gardiner, William. 1832.  The …
  • … book of beauty.  Edited by Mary Howitt. London.  128: 11 Huc, Évariste Régis. 1852.  …
  • …   animals . Vols. 10 (deer, antelopes, camels, &c.) and 11 (goats, sheep, wild and domestic …
  • … of an eastern   king . 2d ed. London.  *128: 172; 128: 11 Knox, A. E. 1849.  …
  • … Noon Talfourd. 2 vols. London.  *119: 22; 119: 21b; 128: 11 ——. 1840.  The essays of Elia …
  • …  Edited by Sir G. Larpent. 3 vols. London.  128: 9, 11 Lasch, W. 1829. Beitrag zur …
  • … Latham, John. 1821–8.  A general history of birds.  11 vols. (Vol. 8: columbine and gallinaceous.) …
  • … to the   Eastern Ocean . London. [Abstract in DAR 205.11(2): 78–80.]  128: 23 Lloyd, …
  • … or, the story of   my education . Edinburgh.  128: 11 Miller, Philip. 1724.  The …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of letters (see especially letter to Charles Lyell, 11 October [1859] and letter from Charles …

Julia Wedgwood

Summary

Charles Darwin’s readership largely consisted of other well-educated Victorian men, nonetheless, some women did read, review, and respond to Darwin’s work. One of these women was Darwin’s own niece, Julia Wedgwood, known in the family as “Snow”. In July…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … with my critics”. ( Charles Darwin to F. J. Wedgwood, 11 July [1861] .) Wedgwood’s review …
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