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To Henry Fawcett   20 July 1861

Summary

"You could not possibly have told me anything which would have given me more satisfaction than what you say about Mr. Mill’s opinion." [See 2868.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Henry Fawcett
Date:  20 July 1861
Classmark:  Karpeles Manuscript Library Museums
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3215A

Matches: 1 hit

To Charles Lyell   6 August [1861]

Summary

Bentham has sent a damaged spurless Orchis pyramidalis; asks CL to send another. Fears they are irregular monsters. [See Orchids, pp. 47–8.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  6 Aug [1861]
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Bentham Correspondence, Vol. 3, Daintree–Dyer, 1830–1884, GEB/1/3: f. 698)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3227

Matches: 1 hit

To Charles Hardy?   4 September [1861]

Summary

Has modified the statements about bees visiting clover for honey in 3d ed. of Origin. Can correspondent find out if clover in Lowestoft district was a second crop?

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Hardy
Date:  4 Sept [1861]
Classmark:  Dawsons of Pall Mall (dealers) (no date)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3244

Matches: 1 hit

To George Rolleston   5 September [1861]

Summary

GR’s letter is a gold-mine.

Pleased to have Pierre Gratiolet’s comment on the embryology of greatly modified organs

and GR’s valuable cases of analogous variation.

Doubts craniologists, but recounts his father’s opinion that the shape of CD’s head was altered when he returned from the Beagle.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Rolleston
Date:  5 Sept [1861]
Classmark:  Royal College of Physicians of London (ALS/D12)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3245

Matches: 1 hit

To Gardeners’ Chronicle   [before 14 September 1861]

Summary

Requests orchid specimens from Arethuseae division for his investigation of the many contrivances by which orchids are fertilised by insect agency.

Asks whether Charles Morren has published on the fertilisation of orchids by insect agency.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gardeners’ Chronicle
Date:  [before 14 Sept 1861]
Classmark:  Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 14 September 1861, p. 831
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3252

Matches: 1 hit

  • Darwin, C. R. Gardeners’ Chronicle …

To Gardeners’ Chronicle   [before 14 September 1861]

Summary

Two correspondents report fertilising Vinca rosea by imitating the action of an insect inserting its proboscis. Another says his Vinca rosea seed profusely without artificial fertilisation. CD asks what might explain the difference in results. In the latter instance, are the plants kept in a greenhouse with windows left open, so that moths could get access at night?

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gardeners’ Chronicle
Date:  [before 14 Sept 1861]
Classmark:  Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 14 September 1861, pp. 831–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3253

Matches: 1 hit

  • Darwin, C. R. Gardeners’ Chronicle …

To Daniel Oliver   9 April [1861]

Summary

Asks DO to identify enclosed Fumaria or Corydalis flower, with springing hood adaptation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Daniel Oliver
Date:  9 Apr [1861]
Classmark:  DAR 261.10: 6 (EH 88205990)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3499

Matches: 1 hit

From H. C. Watson   20 September 1861

Summary

The Primula experiments of J. Sidebotham; HCW’s distrust of the results [see J. Sidebotham, "Specific identity of the cowslip and the primrose", Phytologist 3 (1849): 703–5].

Author:  Hewett Cottrell Watson
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Sept 1861
Classmark:  DAR 181: 39
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3258

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Watson, H. C. Darwin, C. R. …
  • Darwin I have some recollection of intimating a distrust of M r . Sidebotham’s recorded experiments on Primroses, &c.   …

To W. E. Darwin   22 October [1861]

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Summary

Tells of a shooting competition at Down.

Has been working hard at orchid drawings with G. B. Sowerby, Jr.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  22 Oct [1861]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 80
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3294

Matches: 2 hits

  • Darwin, C. R. Darwin, W. E. …
  • r Sowerby. I have just had a splendid Orchis, which shoots out its pollen-masses like an arrow on to insect. — We are in despair about Horses & cannot get a pair that will do. — Good Night | My dear old fellow | C.  Darwin

To Daniel Oliver   22 January [1861]

Summary

Thanks for mentioning J. G. Kurr on nectaries [Untersuchungen über die Bedeutung der Nektarien in den Blumen (1833)]. Requests observations on flowers with curved pistils. Finds they curve toward nectary, thus lying in path of insect.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Daniel Oliver
Date:  22 Jan [1861]
Classmark:  DAR 261.10: 5 (EH 88205989)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2661

Matches: 1 hit

To John Lubbock   [before 5 February 1861]

Summary

Comments on JL’s paper ["Notes on the generative organs, and on the formation of the egg in the Annulosa", Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 11 (1860–2): 117–24].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Date:  [before 5 Feb 1861]
Classmark:  DAR 263: 40c (EH 88206451)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3038

Matches: 1 hit

From Daniel Oliver   [before 3 November 1861]

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Summary

List of references on orchid structure and fertilisation.

Author:  Daniel Oliver
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [before Nov 1861]
Classmark:  DAR 104: 225–6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3039

Matches: 1 hit

To James Lamont   25 February [1861]

Summary

Comments on JL’s Seasons with sea-horses [1861]. Thinks JL bold to defend his bear–whale illustration.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  James Lamont, 1st baronet
Date:  25 Feb [1861]
Classmark:  DAR 146: 29
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3071

Matches: 1 hit

To George Rolleston   2 March [1861]

Summary

Agrees with GR’s remarks on Asa Gray’s pamphlet.

New edition of Origin to appear immediately.

Fact of clubbed fingernails in cyanosis quite new to CD. Asks for information.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Rolleston
Date:  2 Mar [1861]
Classmark:  Wellcome Collection (MS.6119/5)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3076

Matches: 1 hit

From George Maw   15 March 1861

Summary

Asks for a testimonial for Edward Newman.

Discusses the Origin, considers natural selection works well when applied to the evolution of nations and groups of men; on the other hand feels the classification of mineral elements is a damaging analogy as it parallels organic classification but could not be derived by any evolutionary means.

Author:  George Maw
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 Mar 1861
Classmark:  DAR 171.1(3): 95
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3089

Matches: 1 hit

To George Maw   17 March [1861]

Summary

Thanks GM for his excellent criticisms. His observations on the classification of minerals force him to "own that classification may be closely like that due to descent yet have no relation to it".

Asks whether GM has observed any cases of "bud-variations".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Maw
Date:  17 Mar [1861]
Classmark:  Royal Horticultural Society, Lindley Library (MAW/1/4)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3090

Matches: 1 hit

To Gardeners’ Chronicle   [before 15 June 1861]

Summary

Reports his experiment with fertilising the large periwinkle (Vinca major), which he had never known to produce seed. He found that the pollen could not reach the stigma without the aid of insects, which in England never visit the flower. CD produced seeds by inserting a fine bristle, like the proboscis of a moth. Asks readers to repeat this experiment with other species that do not habitually seed and to report the result.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gardeners’ Chronicle
Date:  [before 15 June 1861]
Classmark:  Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 15 June 1861, p. 552
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3182

Matches: 1 hit

  • Darwin, C. R. Gardeners’ Chronicle …

To John Lubbock   9 August [1861]

Summary

JL’s kindness has laid William and himself "under an enduring obligation". One clause in the partnership agreement seems harsh but will probably never signify.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Date:  9 Aug [1861]
Classmark:  DAR 263: 48 (EH 88206492)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3228

Matches: 1 hit

To John Gould   6 October [1861]

Summary

Thanks for JG’s book [An introduction to the Trochilidae, or family of humming-birds (1861)], which he has read carefully. Hopes someday to use the information on the close alliance of species in large genera.

CD repudiates hybridity of birds in nature.

Intends to extract the cases of "races" or doubtful species. They show that "determination of species is not a simple affair".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Gould
Date:  6 Oct [1861]
Classmark:  Cambridge University Library (Add 4251/330)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3278

Matches: 1 hit

To Asa Gray   [after 11 October 1861]

Summary

Thanks AG for notes on hollies.

Replies to an argument for design. Feels it monstrous to consider orchids created as they are now seen, since every part reveals modification on modification.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  [after 11 Oct 1861]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (51a)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3283

Matches: 1 hit

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