To Francis Darwin 14 November [1881]
Summary
Forwards a letter from W. F. P. Pfeffer, who opposes some of Julius Wiesner’s notions on plant movements.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Francis Darwin |
| Date: | 14 Nov [1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 211: 90 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13485 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … To Francis Darwin 14 November [1881] …
- … DAR 211: 90 Charles Robert Darwin Down 14 Nov [1881] Francis Darwin …
- … Bibliography Wiesner, Julius. 1881. Das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen. Eine kritische …
- … between this letter and the letter from Wilhelm Pfeffer, 6 November 1881 . CD enclosed …
- … letter from Wilhelm Pfeffer, 6 November 1881 ; it contained remarks on Julius Wiesner ’ …
- … s study of plant movement ( Wiesner 1881 ). See …
- … letter from Wilhelm Pfeffer, 6 November 1881 and n. 6. Pfeffer wrote ‘Constellationen’, …
- … combination of factors’. See letter from Wilhelm Pfeffer, 6 November 1881 and n. 9. CD …
- … see letter to Francis Darwin, 9 November [1881] and n. 9). In a note dated 14 November, CD …
To Julius Wiesner 4 October 1881
Summary
Thanks JW for book [Das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen (1881)]. Discusses movement in plants.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Julius Wiesner |
| Date: | 4 Oct 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 148: 357 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13371 |
Matches: 8 hits
- … To Julius Wiesner 4 October 1881 …
- … DAR 148: 357 Charles Robert Darwin Down 4 Oct 1881 Julius Wiesner …
- … JW for book [ Das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen (1881)]. Discusses movement in plants. …
- … December 1879, pp. 830–8. Wiesner, Julius. 1881. Das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen. Eine …
- … See letter from Julius Wiesner, 1 October 1881 . Wiesner had sent CD a copy of his book …
- … together with new investigations; Wiesner 1881 ). Francis Darwin had assisted CD on …
- … Darwin in Cambridge from 20 to 27 October 1881. See Movement in plants , pp. 570–3. In …
- … Down, Beckenham, Kent Oct: 4 th . 1881 My dear Sir I thank you sincerely for your very …
To Fritz Müller 22 October 1881
Summary
Is in Cambridge with his son, resting
and reading F. M. Balfour’s Comparative embryology [1880–1].
Sent FM a copy of Earthworms.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
| Date: | 22 Oct 1881 |
| Classmark: | The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 55) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13419 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … To Fritz Müller 22 October 1881 …
- … Darwin Cambridge Down letterhead 22 Oct 1881 Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. Müller, Fritz. 1881d. Atyoida Potimirim , …
- … 66 Hills Road, Cambridge. ] Oct 22 d . 1881 My dear Sir I must write a few words to thank …
- … See letter from Fritz Müller, 6, 7, and 9 September 1881 . Müller had sent seeds of …
- … Oxalis sepium (see letter from Fritz Müller, 9 and 10 August 1881 and n. 2). …
- … In his letter of 6, 7, and 9 September 1881 , Müller had described the nyctitropic …
- … cajanaefolia appeared in Kosmos , December 1881 ( F. Müller 1881c ). The Darwins visited …
- … and his wife, Ida , from 20 to 27 October 1881 ( CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). CD had …
- … as a gift from Balfour (see letter to F. M. Balfour, 6 July 1881 , and letter from F. …
- … M. Balfour, 10 July 1881 ). Müller’s paper was ‘ Atyoida Potimirim , eine schlammfressende …
From R. B. Carter 17 October 1881
Summary
Requests interview to get CD’s views on stages in evolution of the eye for a talk he is to give at a health congress. [Address to working men & women, 17 December 1881.] in Transactions of the Brighton health congress
| Author: | Robert Brudenell Carter |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 17 Oct 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 161: 51 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13409 |
Matches: 8 hits
- … From R. B. Carter 17 October 1881 …
- … 161: 51 Robert Brudenell Carter London, Wimpole St, 69 17 Oct 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … Bibliography Carter, Robert Brudenell. 1881. On eyesight. [ …
- … to working men and women, 17 December 1881. ] In Transactions of the Brighton Health …
- … Address to working men & women, 17 December 1881. ] in Transactions of the Brighton health …
- … Congress was held from 13 to 17 December 1881. Carter delivered the final evening address …
- … eyesight; the text was published in the Transactions of the Congress (see Carter 1881 ). …
- … Street, | Cavendish Square. W. october 17th, 1881. sir, i cannot doubt that you often …
To Ernst Krause 30 July 1881
Summary
Publication of Earthworms delayed, but will send sheets to EK when he receives them [so that he can decide about publishing extracts in Kosmos].
Thanks for "Die Gegenwart".
"’Instinct’ of plants" is a most puzzling problem.
Does not see how mind can be defined "if we subtract consciousness".
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause |
| Date: | 30 July 1881 |
| Classmark: | The Huntington Library (HM 36216) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13260 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … To Ernst Krause 30 July 1881 …
- … Library (HM 36216) Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 July 1881 Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause …
- … Kletterpflanzen’ (Climbing plants) was published in Kosmos in May 1881 ( F. Darwin …
- … 1881a ; see letter to Ernst Krause, 18 May 1881 and n. 7). In July, Krause published in …
- … Howard Darwin ( G. H. Darwin 1881a ; see letter to G. H. Darwin, 23 July 1881 and n. 1). …
- … of the solar system. [Read 20 January 1881. ] Philosophical Transactions of the Royal …
- … Sons . See letter to R. F. Cooke, 31 July 1881 . Krause wanted to publish a chapter of …
- … see letter from Ernst Krause, 15 May 1881 ). Under the pseudonym Carus Sterne, Krause had …
- … Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) July 30 th 1881 My dear Sir As you might possibly be …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. Movement in plants : The power of movement …
- … beseelt? Betrachtungen bei Darwins neuem Buche. Die Gegenwart , 9 July 1881, pp. 25–8. …
To G. J. Romanes [17 December 1881]
Summary
Asks him to visit.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | George John Romanes |
| Date: | [17 Dec 1881] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.578) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12382 |
Matches: 8 hits
- … To G. J. Romanes [17 December 1881] …
- … Charles Robert Darwin London, Bryanston St, 4 [17 Dec 1881] George John Romanes …
- … between this letter, the letter to G. J. Romanes, 17 [December 1881] , and the letter to …
- … Francis Darwin, [18 December 1881] . CD stayed in London at the home …
- … and Henrietta Emma Litchfield from 13 to 20 December 1881 (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). …
- … He visited Thomas Henry Huxley on 18 December 1881 ( letter to Francis …
- … Darwin, [18 December 1881]) . CD had suggested midday or afternoon …
- … for the visit in his letter to Romanes of 17 [December 1881] . …
To Yves Delage 29 May 1881
Summary
Thanks YD [for Contribution à l’étude de l’appareil circulatoire des crustacés édriopthalmes marins (1881)].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Yves Delage |
| Date: | 29 May 1881 |
| Classmark: | Wellcome Collection (MS.7781/1–32 item 33) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13183 |
Matches: 6 hits
- … To Yves Delage 29 May 1881 …
- … Collection (MS.7781/1–32 item 33) Charles Robert Darwin Down 29 May 1881 Yves Delage …
- … à l’étude de l’appareil circulatoire des crustacés édriopthalmes marins (1881)]. …
- … Bibliography Delage, Yves. 1881. Contribution à l’étude de l’appareil circulatoire des …
- … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) May 29 th 1881 Dear Sir I am much indebted to you for your …
- … edriophthalmic crustaceans; Delage 1881 ) is in the Darwin Library–CUL. Edriophthalma are …
To E. B. Aveling 11 August [1881]
Summary
Thanks EBA for his book [see 13283]. Has no objection to people differing from him or carrying his arguments further than he would consider safe.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Edward Bibbens Aveling |
| Date: | 11 Aug [1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 202: 27 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13287 |
Matches: 7 hits
- … To E. B. Aveling 11 August [1881] …
- … DAR 202: 27 Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 Aug [1881] Edward Bibbens Aveling …
- … Bibliography Aveling, Edward Bibbins. 1881. The student’s Darwin . London: Freethought …
- … this letter and the letter from E. B. Aveling, 9 August 1881 . See letter from E. …
- … B. Aveling, 9 August 1881 . CD’s …
- … copy of The student’s Darwin ( Aveling 1881 ) is in the Darwin Library–Down. Aveling …
- … of genius and the ‘first among scientific men in England’ ( Aveling 1881 , pp. viii-ix). …
To F. B. Zincke 7 November 1881
Summary
Would like to cite the case of the celt in a new printing of Earthworms. Asks for details.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Foster Barham Zincke |
| Date: | 7 Nov 1881 |
| Classmark: | Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13468 |
Matches: 8 hits
- … To F. B. Zincke 7 November 1881 …
- … R. F. Cooke, 5 November 1881 . Zincke 1878 . …
- … Robert M. Stecher collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 7 Nov 1881 Foster Barham Zincke …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. Zincke, Foster Barham. 1878. The peasants of …
- … found; see, however, the letter from R. F. Cooke, 5 November 1881 and n. 2. See letter …
- … from F. B. Zincke, 1 November 1881 and n. 1. Zincke’s information was added to the fifth …
- … December (see letter from F. B. Zincke, 8 December 1881 ). John Murray . See letter from …
- … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) Nov 7 th . 1881 Dear Sir I have heard this morning that a 4 …
From J. D. Hooker 4 August 1881
Summary
Outlines address to York BAAS meeting on history of geographical distribution. Organising theme: advancement in this science based on ideas enunciated by scientific voyagers. Asks CD’s advice.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 4 Aug 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 104: 154–7 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13272 |
Matches: 17 hits
- … From J. D. Hooker 4 August 1881 …
- … DAR 104: 154–7 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew 4 Aug 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … of human and comparative anatomy at Oxford in 1881 ( ODNB ). The position had been held by …
- … George Rolleston until his death (see letter from J. D. Hooker, 18 June 1881 ). …
- … for the Advancement of Science meeting at York ( Hooker 1881 ; see letter from J. …
- … D. Hooker, 20 August 1881 ). Hooker traced the beginnings of plant geography to Joseph …
- … of floras was now understood through the theory of descent ( Hooker 1881 , p. 729). …
- … s contributions to plant geography, see Hooker 1881 , pp. 730–1. On his use of isothermal …
- … of London 28 (1878–9): 43–63. Hooker, Joseph Dalton. 1881. On geographical distribution. …
- … section E, geography. [Read 1 September 1881. ] Report of the 51st Meeting of the British …
- … third edition of Principles of geology ( C. Lyell 1834–5 , 3: 376; Hooker 1881 , p. 731). …
- … on British flora ( Forbes 1846 ; Hooker 1881 , pp. 731–2). For CD’s view on the permanence …
- … of geographical distribution ( Hooker 1881 , p. 733). Asa Gray ’s essay on the affinities …
- … 9, Saporta 1877 , pp. 198–9, and Hooker 1881 , p. 737. On Buffon’s theory of the cooling …
- … was held in London from 2 to 9 August 1881; for details of the festivities, including the …
- … at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, see British Medical Journal , 13 August 1881, p. 303. …
- … Hewett Cottrell Watson had died on 27 June 1881 ( ODNB ). The grounds were owned by John …
From Frithiof Holmgren 8 May 1881
Summary
Thanks for letter expressing CD’s position with regard to experiments on living animals and for getting the letter printed in the Times [18 Apr 1881, Collected papers 2: 226–7].
| Author: | Frithiof Holmgren |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 8 May 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 166: 258 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13152 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … From Frithiof Holmgren 8 May 1881 …
- … DAR 166: 258 Frithiof Holmgren Uppsala 8 May 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … and for getting the letter printed in the Times [18 Apr 1881, Collected papers 2: 226–7]. …
- … Upsala 8 Mai 1881 Dear Sir It is my duty, as well as a great pleasure to thank you most …
- … See letter to Frithiof Holmgren, [14] April 1881 . The letter …
- … was published in The Times , 18 April 1881, p. 10; it …
- … was also published in the Manchester Guardian , 19 April 1881, p. 7. …
- … of the letter to Frithiof Holmgren, [14] April 1881 , in The Times , letters opposing CD’s …
- … Frances Power Cobbe ( The Times , 19 April 1881, p. 8). For more on the antivivisection …
To Francis Darwin [9 July 1881]
Summary
Reports splendid cases of "paraheliotropism" which he now believes is one of the commonest movements of plants.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Francis Darwin |
| Date: | [9 July 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 211: 71 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13103 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … To Francis Darwin [9 July 1881] …
- … DAR 211: 71 Charles Robert Darwin Down [9 July 1881] Francis Darwin …
- … Bibliography Brown, Nicholas Edward. 1881. A locomotive dicotyledon. …
- … Gardeners’ Chronicle , 9 July 1881, p. 42. …
- … 132). Another note, dated 8– 9 July 1881, described observations on Mimosa pudica (shame …
- … s cases of paraheliotropism, see letter from Fritz Müller, 9 January 1881 and n. 8. …
- … been found, but it was a cutting from Gardeners’ Chronicle , 9 July 1881, p. 42, with an …
- … titled ‘A locomotive dicotyledon’ ( Brown 1881 ). Brown described the observations of …
- … of vegetable growth. In a note dated 9 July 1881, CD described the alternate rising and …
To Fritz Müller 23 February 1881
Summary
CD interested by FM’s facts on movement of plants; has sent some to Nature ["Movement of leaves", Collected papers 2: 228–9]. Greatly admires FM’s work. Suggests an experiment to investigate movement in Phyllanthus.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
| Date: | 23 Feb 1881 |
| Classmark: | The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 49) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13064 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … To Fritz Müller 23 February 1881 …
- … 10 no 49) Charles Robert Darwin Down 23 Feb 1881 Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller …
- … aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel 3 (1881–2): 551–90. Movement in plants : The power …
- … Ficus Carica L. ). [Read 3 December 1881. ] Abhandlungen der Königlichen Gesellschaft der …
- … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) Feb. 23 d 1881 My dear Sir Your letter has interested me …
- … See letter from Fritz Müller, 9 January 1881 and n. 7. Phyllanthus is the …
- … See also letter to Nature , 22 February [1881] . Besides its unusual nyctitropic (sleep) …
- … in Phyllanthus niruri (see letter from Fritz Müller, 9 January 1881 and n. 8). …
- … forthcoming papers on fertilisation of figs, Solms-Laubach 1881 and Mayer 1882 (see letter …
- … from Fritz Müller, 9 January 1881 and nn. 13 and 15). Caprification is the process of …
- … 6). See letter from Fritz Müller, 9 January 1881 and n. 1. CD had defined diaheliotropism …
To J. D. Hooker 30 August 1881
Summary
Erasmus’ death and CD’s sentiments on death.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 30 Aug 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 95: 530–1 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13304 |
Matches: 6 hits
- … To J. D. Hooker 30 August 1881 …
- … DAR 95: 530–1 Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 Aug 1881 Joseph Dalton Hooker …
- … See letter from J. D. Hooker, 29 August 1881 . Erasmus …
- … Alvey Darwin had died on 26 August 1881 (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). See letter from …
- … J. D. Hooker, 29 August 1881 and n. 3. …
- … Down, Beckenham Aug. 30. 1881. My dear Hooker. Your note has pleased me much. The death …
To G. H. Darwin 27–8 February [1881]
Summary
Describes lecture at Royal Institution by J. S. Burdon Sanderson on movement of plants and animals; JSBS’s preliminary part was so long that he never got to the plants.
Comments on the triumph of the ladies in the voting at Cambridge.
Mentions F. Galton’s visit to Down, a call on the Huxleys, and a visit with the Duke of Argyll.
Tells a story about the absent-mindedness of Burdon Sanderson.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | George Howard Darwin |
| Date: | 27–8 Feb [1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 210.1: 103 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13068 |
Matches: 15 hits
- … To G. H. Darwin 27–8 February [1881] …
- … 103 Charles Robert Darwin London, Bryanston St, 4 27–8 Feb [1881] George Howard Darwin …
- … syphilis), departed for South Africa in late January 1881 ( Jordan 2010 , pp. 27 and 29). …
- … in London from 24 February to 3 March 1881 (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). Emma Darwin had …
- … unwell in her letter to him of 16 February 1881 (DAR 210.3: 4). George’s letter has not …
- … been found. In her letter of 8 February 1881, Emma had reminded George to observe …
- … him ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 19 February [1881] ; letter from Elizabeth Darwin to G. …
- … H. Darwin, 20 February [1881] (DAR 251: 1413)). William Cecil Marshall had designed the …
- … see letter to T. H. Huxley, 7 January 1881 ). Huxley’s wife was Henrietta Anne Huxley . …
- … see letter to W. E. Darwin, 4 February [1881] and n. 5). Charles and Mary Elizabeth Lyell …
- … 18 February [1854] . On 25 February 1881, John Scott Burdon Sanderson gave a lecture …
- … see letter to G. D. Campbell, [7 January 1881] ). Campbell’s notes inviting CD to visit …
- … letter has not been found. On 24 February 1881, there was a Senate vote at the University …
- … Henrietta Emma Litchfield on 19 February 1881 (CUL Add.9368.1: 5977). Francis Darwin and …
- … Galton visited Down on 19 and 20 February 1881; Louisa Jane Galton was bilious and unable …
To W. E. Darwin 5 February [1881]
Summary
Discusses investments.
The action of worms when drawing leaves into their burrows.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | William Erasmus Darwin |
| Date: | 5 Feb [1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 210.6: 175 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13037 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … To W. E. Darwin 5 February [1881] …
- … DAR 210.6: 175 Charles Robert Darwin Down 5 Feb [1881] William Erasmus Darwin …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. Kiernan, V. G. 1955. Foreign interests in …
- … with card triangles, see the letter to W. E. Darwin, 4 February [1881] and n. 4. Leonard …
- … letter from Emma Darwin to Sara Darwin, [13 January 1881] (DAR 219.1: 140)). Sara Darwin . …
- … the letter from W. E. Darwin, 4 February 1881 . William had drawn up a list of companies …
- … in which CD might invest (see letter from W. E. Darwin, 4 February 1881 ). …
- … Between 1876 and February 1881, the value of CD’s investment in the London and St …
- … £50 2 s. 5 d. to £40 1 s. 1 d. ; by July 1881, it had dropped further to £33 8 s. 3 d. ( …
- … fearing British intervention. By early 1881, the distrust between London and Washington …
- … see letter from W. E. Darwin, 3 February [1881] and n. 4). In Earthworms , p. 58, CD noted …
To J. D. Hooker 15 June 1881
Summary
CD complains of discomfort, but has not the strength for a project that would let him forget it.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 15 June 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 95: 513–15 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13207 |
Matches: 12 hits
- … To J. D. Hooker 15 June 1881 …
- … DAR 95: 513–15 Charles Robert Darwin Patterdale 15 June 1881 Joseph Dalton Hooker …
- … Notes on Gramineæ. [Read 3 November 1881. ] Journal of the Linnean Society of London ( …
- … See letter from J. D. Hooker, 12 June 1881 . The Hookers had visited Italy with …
- … and Jane Loring Gray , from early March until 12 May 1881 ( L. Huxley ed. 1918 , 2: 251). …
- … See letter from J. D. Hooker, 12 June 1881 and n. 3. Genera plantarum ( Bentham and Hooker …
- … House | Patterdale, Penrith. June 15 th 1881 My dear Hooker It was real pleasure to me to …
- … see letter from J. D. Hooker, 12 June 1881 and n. 1). It is an invasive species with …
- … Switzerland, and Germany in May and June 1881 ( J. L. Gray ed. 1893 , 2: 720–1). Francis …
- … grasses) formed the last section, which Bentham finished in late 1881 ( Stearn 1956 , p. …
- … 130; Bentham 1881 ). See letter from J. …
- … D. Hooker, 12 June 1881 and n. 4. Hyacinth Hooker was thinking of taking the Hooker …
To S. H. Vines 15 November 1881
Summary
More observations of the radicles of germinating seeds of Euphorbia peplus for appearance of milk-tubes.
Comments on J. v. Wiesner’s and W. F. P. Pfeffer’s views and criticism of his experiments.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Sydney Howard Vines |
| Date: | 15 Nov 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 185: 77 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13486A |
Matches: 9 hits
- … To S. H. Vines 15 November 1881 …
- … DAR 185: 77 Charles Robert Darwin Down 15 Nov 1881 Sydney Howard Vines …
- … Wilhelm Engelmann. Wiesner, Julius. 1881. Das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen. Eine …
- … See letter to S. H. Vines, 4 November 1881 . CD was studying the response of root cells …
- … 209. See letter to S. H. Vines, 4 November 1881 and n. 6. Euphorbia myrsinites is myrtle …
- … of caustic potash, see the letter to S. H. Vines, 1 November 1881 and nn. 2 and 3. …
- … Wilhelm Pfeffer ’s letter of 6 November 1881 contained criticism of Julius …
- … Wiesner ’s recent book ( Wiesner 1881 ); however, Pfeffer disagreed with CD’s view that …
- … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) November 15. 1881 My dear M r . Vines, I hope that you will …
To A. B. Buckley 7 January [1881]
Summary
Good news from Gladstone [concerning pension for Wallace]. Duke of Argyll’s private note greatly influenced Gladstone.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Arabella Burton Buckley |
| Date: | 7 Jan [1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 143: 186 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12988 |
Matches: 8 hits
- … To A. B. Buckley 7 January [1881] …
- … DAR 143: 186 Charles Robert Darwin Down 7 Jan [1881] Arabella Burton Buckley …
- … s letter to Gladstone has not been found. See letter to G. D. Campbell, [7 January 1881] . …
- … Parliament convened on 6 January 1881 ( Journals of the House of Commons. …
- … Session 1881 ). …
- … letter from W. E. Gladstone, 6 January 1881 . William Ewart Gladstone had recommended …
- … list pension (see letter from W. E. Gladstone, 6 January 1881 and n. 1). See letter …
- … to A. R. Wallace, 7 January 1881 . CD had asked George Douglas Campbell, eighth duke of …
From G. H. Darwin [22 November 1881]
Summary
Thinks William Thomson will support him [for Plumian Professorship at Cambridge].
| Author: | George Howard Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [22 Nov 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 210.2: 100 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13503 |
Matches: 8 hits
- … From G. H. Darwin [22 November 1881] …
- … 100 George Howard Darwin The University, Glasgow [22 Nov 1881] Charles Robert Darwin …
- … from G. H. Darwin, 17 November 1881 . James Challis was Plumian Professor of astronomy and …
- … age of electricity’ at Glasgow City Hall on 24 November 1881; Thomson presided ( Glasgow …
- … Herald, 25 November 1881, p. 8). Emma Darwin . …
- … the relationship between this letter and the letter to G. H. Darwin, 19 November [1881]. …
- … In 1881, the Tuesday following 19 November was 22 November. George had gone to Glasgow to …
- … see letter to G. H. Darwin, 19 November [1881]). For the list of electors, see the letter …
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| Hooker, J. D. | (33) |
| Darwin, W. E. | (31) |
| Darwin, G. H. | (21) |
| Lyell, Charles | (19) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (593) |
| Darwin, Francis | (34) |
| Romanes, G. J. | (33) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (32) |
| Darwin, W. E. | (27) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (1191) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (65) |
| Darwin, W. E. | (58) |
| Darwin, Francis | (52) |
| Romanes, G. J. | (50) |
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Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers
Summary
In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…
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- … In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, …
- … was another source of pleasure in the early months of 1881. This book had been a major undertaking …
- … making 2000’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January 1881 ). Unlike Darwin’s other books, …
- … case is to me’ (letters to W. E. Darwin, 31 January [1881] and 19 February [1881] ). On 7 …
- … individual experience ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 7 March 1881 ). The difficulty with earthworms …
- … were trustworthy ( letter to Francis Galton, 8 March [1881] ). Although results from earlier …
- … ‘a game of chance’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 12 April 1881 ). On 18 May he described his work on …
- … annuals ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 21 March [1881] ). Darwin thought flowers of the semi- …
- … sulky in a day or two’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 29 July 1881 ). The degree of Darwin’s distress …
- … period of the season’ ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 30 July 1881 ). Darwin gave in. ‘I am now uneasy …
- … teacher told him ( letter from C. E. Södling, 14 October 1881 ), while H. M. Wallis, who sent …
- … general stock of knowledge’ ( letter to E. W. Bok, 10 May 1881 ). Josef Popper, an expert on …
- … any criticism’ ( letter to C. G. Semper, 19 July 1881 ). He continued his friendly disagreement …
- … of the Fuegians’ ( letter to W. P. Snow, 22 November 1881 ). Darwin received news about the …
- … on the shoulder (l etter from B. J. Sulivan, 18 March 1881 ). Among numerous new …
- … ( letter from Francisco de Arruda Furtado, 29 July 1881 ). Likewise, among the many books …
- … excellent Journal’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 4 July [1881] ). In these ways, Darwin kept up with …
- … conscious of it’ ( letter to Alexander Agassiz, 5 May 1881 ). His scientific friends, however, did …
- … on all our minds’ ( letter to John Lubbock, [18 September 1881] ). When Hooker, anxious about his …
- … much out’ of his mind ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 20 June [1881] ). Feeling ‘awfully guilty’ for …
- … & many a good fight’ (letters to J. D. Hooker, 6 August 1881 and 12 August 1881 ). …
- … on all physiologists’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 18 April 1881 ). A letter he had written to the …
- … & tear of controversy’ ( letter to G. R. Jesse, 23 April 1881 ). Later in the year, Darwin …
- … judgment on the subject ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 12 July 1881 ). However, some requests were …
- … intelligent man’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 1 July [1881] ). Despite this, Darwin thanked ‘all …
- … ‘go to the wall’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 19 November [1881] ). Darwin was as solicitous about …
- … no pretensions’ (l etter from W. E. Darwin, 13 January [1881 ]), Darwin immediately prepared a …
- … have occurred to him’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 29 January 1881 ). While Francis was …
Volume 29 (1881) is published!
Summary
In October 1881, Darwin published his last book, The formation of vegetable mould through the action of worms: with observations on their habits. A slim volume on a subject that many people could understand and on which they had their own opinions, it went…
Matches: 8 hits
- … From the start of 1881, Darwin had his demise on his mind. He increasingly relied on his son …
- … now available. Read more about Darwin's life in 1881 in our Life in letters series …
- … received. Letter t o Francis Darwin, 9 November [1881] In October 1881, Darwin …
- … Letter to A. B. Buckley, 4 January 1881 In January, Darwin heard that …
- … do. Letter to J. D. Hooker, 15 June 1881 The Darwins spent June in the …
- … Letter to W. E. Darwin, 4 August [1881] In early August, Darwin …
- … Letter to T. H. Farrer, 28 August 1881 Darwin’s elder brother, …
- … Letter t o B. J. Sulivan, 1 December 1881 …
Intellectual capacities: From Caroline Kennard, 26 December 1881
Summary
We might assume that among female admirers of Darwin’s work, many would have been disappointed by his views on the comparative intellectual capacities of the sexes expressed in The Descent of Man (1872). This was certainly true of the American feminist…
Terms of engagement: To Julius Wiesner, 25 October 1881
Summary
Thomas Huxley’s pugnacious public defence of evolution led to his nickname ‘Darwin’s bulldog’ and to a view of Darwin as an evader of controversy. Darwin firmly believed that controversy rarely did any good, but this did not mean that he avoided challenges…
Matches: 1 hits
- … however, was tempered. Writing to Wiesner on 25 October 1881 , Darwin stated ‘I have no doubt …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 11 hits
- … in Down, where his brother Erasmus had been interred in 1881. But some of his scientific friends …
- … vol. 29, letter from Arthur de Souza Corrêa, 28 December 1881 ). Darwin had a long-running …
- … last book, Earthworms , had been published in October 1881. It proved to be very popular, with …
- … vol. 29, letter from J. F. Simpson, 8 November 1881 ). He remarked on the ‘far reaching …
- … Correspondence vol. 29, letter to Emily Talbot, 19 July 1881 ) was also published in the …
- … American, Caroline Kennard, had written on 26 December 1881 (see Correspondence vol. 29) to …
- … on the topic of science and art. He had sat for Collier in 1881 for a portrait commissioned by the …
- … letter from John Collier, 22 February 1882 ; T. H. Huxley 1881, pp. 199–245). Huxley used …
- … discoverer of tidal evolution’ ( Nature , 24 November 1881, p. 81). Darwin boasted to Rich: …
- … the birth of his first child (Erasmus Darwin) on 7 December 1881. Finally, Darwin had a second …
- … by Lyell’s sister-in-law Katherine (see K. M. Lyell ed. 1881, 2: 445–6). A complete draft and …
Alexander Burns Usborne
Summary
Alexander Burns Usborne was born in Kendal, Westmorland, in 1808, the son of Alexander and Margaret Usborne; his father died in 1818 and in his will was described as the purser on HMS Hannibal. His son joined the navy in 1825 aged 16 as a second-class…
1.18 John Collier, oil in Linnean
Summary
< Back to Introduction By 1881 it was clear to Darwin’s intimates that he was increasingly frail, and that, as he approached death, he had finally escaped from religious controversy to become a heroic figure, loved and venerated for his achievements…
Matches: 7 hits
- … < Back to Introduction By 1881 it was clear to Darwin’s intimates that he was …
- … Society in 1858. Moreover, the Society was now, in May 1881, dominated by Darwinians. Its President …
- … work and any other subject that cropped up.’ On 7 August 1881 Darwin was able to report to Romanes …
- … of image John Collier date of creation 1881 computer-readable date …
- … archive, manuscript letter LL/8, Darwin to Romanes, 27 May 1881. Correspondence between Darwin and …
- … Letter from Darwin to his son George, 23 July 1881, telling him the picture was finished (DCP-LETT …
- … pp. 118–121, correspondence between Romanes and Darwin in 1881 (DCP-LETT-13173, 13229, 13282). …
Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms
Summary
‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…
Matches: 3 hits
- … from scientific debate. The matter spilled over into January 1881. With Henrietta’s aid, the advice …
- … bags ( letter from G. J. Romanes, [6, 13, or 20] March 1881 ). Romanes was at work on a lengthy …
- … memorial was eventually submitted to Gladstone in January 1881 and was successful. For a copy of the …
Casting about: Darwin on worms
Summary
Earthworms were the subject of a citizen science project to map the distribution of earthworms across Britain (BBC Today programme, 26 May 2014). The general understanding of the role earthworms play in improving soils and providing nutrients for plants to…
Matches: 3 hits
Diagrams and drawings in letters
Summary
Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … and the fertilisation of figs by Hymenoptera, 9 January 1881 CD's instructions to …
4.41 'Punch', Sambourne cartoon 2
Summary
< Back to Introduction In October 1881, Darwin was included in Linley Sambourne’s series of ‘Punch’s Fancy Portraits’ of celebrities as No. 54. While the caption recurs to the old theme of Darwin’s views on human ancestry, the drawing contains a more…
3.20 Elliott and Fry, c.1880-1, verandah
Summary
< Back to Introduction In photographs of Darwin taken c.1880-1, the expression of energetic thought conveyed by photographs of earlier years gives way to the pathos of evident physical frailty. While Collier’s oil portrait of this time emphasises…
Matches: 5 hits
- … and Letters of his father (1887), and there it was dated 1881. However, another photograph from …
- … by the National Portrait Gallery (NPG X5938) to 29 November 1881. However, Janet Browne points out …
- … of sadness at that time. In a letter to Hooker of 15 June 1881, echoed in another to B.J. Sulivan of …
- … of Elliott and Fry date of creation c.1880-1881 computer-readable date c …
- … and bibliography letters from Darwin to Hooker, 15 June 1881 (DCP-LETT-13207) and to B.J. Sulivan, …
Darwin's bad days
Summary
Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and experimenting, even Darwin had some bad days. These times when nothing appeared to be going right are well illustrated by the following quotations from his letters:
Matches: 1 hits
- … Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and …
Exercise: Caricatures of Science
Summary
Caricatures provide intriguing insights into both ideals and transgressions of gender. The following six images show caricatured representations of nineteenth-century men and women of science. They provide insight into the boundaries of what was deemed …
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- … align="aligncenter" width="206"] Clémence Royer (1881)[/caption] …
3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871
Summary
< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…
Matches: 3 hits
3.21 Herbert Rose Barraud, photos
Summary
< Back to Introduction The successful portrait photographer Herbert Rose Barraud, who had studios in London and Liverpool, photographed Darwin in the summer of 1881, in a group of four or so close-up head-and-shoulders portraits. This was probably at…
Matches: 3 hits
4.42 'Punch' Sambourne cartoon 3
Summary
< Back to Introduction Linley Sambourne’s last caricature of Darwin, ‘Man is But a Worm’, was published in Punch’s Almanac for 1882 on 6 December 1881, only four months before Darwin’s death. Like Sambourne’s ‘Punch’s Fancy Portraits. No. 54. Charles…
Matches: 4 hits
- … published in Punch’s Almanac for 1882 on 6 December 1881, only four months before Darwin’s death …
- … No. 54. Charles Robert Darwin, LL.D., F.R.S.’ of October 1881, it is an affectionate and whimsical …
- … date of creation November-December 1881 computer-readable date 1881-11-01 to 1881-12-5 …
- … Punch’s Almanac for 1882 , issued 6 December 1881 (unpaginated). Janet Browne, Charles Darwin: …
Religion
Summary
Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…
Earthworms
Summary
As with many of Darwin’s research topics, his interest in worms spanned nearly his entire working life. Some of his earliest correspondence about earthworms was written and received in the 1830s, shortly after his return from his Beagle voyage, and his…
Dipsacus and Drosera: Frank’s favourite carnivores
Summary
In Autumn of 1875, Francis Darwin was busy researching aggregation in the tentacles of Drosera rotundifolia (F. Darwin 1876). This phenomenon occurs when coloured particles within either protoplasm or the fluid in the cell vacuole (the cell sap) cluster…
Matches: 1 hits
- … again, for I am sure that it is worth it.’ As late as 1881, less than a year before his death, …
