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To Pieter Harting   19 March 1877

Summary

Thanks for account of his work. Cannot read Dutch, but son has translated it.

Thanks for album sent by PH’s countrymen.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Pieter Harting
Date:  19 Mar 1877
Classmark:  Leiden University Libraries (BPL 1938)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10899

Matches: 12 hits

  • … To Pieter Harting   19 March 1877
  • … University Libraries (BPL 1938) Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 Mar 1877 Pieter Harting …
  • … Bibliography Harting, Pieter. 1877. Darwin. Album der Natuur 26: 129–48 …
  • … Darwin’ from Album der Natuur ( Harting 1877 ); CD’s annotated offprint is in the Darwin …
  • … Dutch of the letters published in Nature , 8 March 1877, pp. 410–12 (see letter from A. A. …
  • … van Bemmelen and H. J. Veth, 6 February 1877 , and letter to A. …
  • … A. von Bemmelen, 12 February 1877). For his 68th birthday, CD had been sent an album …
  • … van Bemmelen and H. J. Veth, 6 February 1877 . Apart from the announcement in Nature (see …
  • … 1, above), reports of the album also appeared in The Times , 22 February 1877, p. 11, and …
  • … many other newspapers, including the York Herald , 23 February 1877, p. …
  • … 8, and the Bristol Mercury , 24 February 1877, p. 3. …
  • … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. March 19 th 1877 Dear Sir I have been deeply gratified by the …

To Ernst Krause   25 March 1877

Summary

Thanks for EK’s book [Werden und Vergehen (1876)].

Regrets he cannot write for EK’s journal, but his son, Francis, may do so.

Suggests EK as editor urge on readers [of Kosmos] the investigation of the causes of variability; why, for instance, do wild Pampas cattle change colour when domesticated? Thinks experiments and observations on recently domesticated animals and cultivated plants would throw light on the subject.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause
Date:  25 Mar 1877
Classmark:  The Huntington Library (HM 36172)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10912

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To Ernst Krause   25 March 1877
  • … Library (HM 36172) Charles Robert Darwin Down 25 Mar 1877 Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause …
  • … see letter from Ernst Krause, 11 March 1877 and n. 4). He probably also sent an offprint …
  • … movements of insectivorous plants; Batalin 1877 ); CD’s annotated copy is in the Darwin …
  • … Batalin, Alexander Feodorowicz. 1877. Mechanik der Bewegungen der insektenfressenden …
  • … of an infant. By Charles Darwin. Mind 2 (1877): 285–94. [ Shorter publications , pp. 409– …
  • … Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R. Mar 25. 1877 Dear Sir, I received only yesterday your …
  • … Letter from Ernst Krause, 11 March 1877 . A German translation of CD’ …
  • … s essay ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’ ( Mind 2 (1877): 285–94) was simultaneously …
  • … published in Kosmos 1 (1877): 367–76. German translations of CD’s short articles ‘ …
  • … Charles Darwin to the editor) in Kosmos 1 (1877): 173. In Variation 2: 259, CD cited Félix …

To J. V. Carus   26 March 1877

Summary

Had found out his error [use of "cleistogenous" for "cleistogamous" in Cross and self-fertilisation] some timeago.

Is now writing on cleistogamic flowers [for Forms of flowers (1877)], and, with it, will have worked up all his old materials on plants. JVC will then have a rest from his labours of translation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Julius Victor Carus
Date:  26 Mar 1877
Classmark:  Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Slg. Darmstaedter Lc 1859: Darwin, Charles, Bl. 164–165)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10914

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To J.  V.  Carus   26 March 1877
  • … Darwin, Charles, Bl. 164–165) Charles Robert Darwin Down 26 Mar 1877 Julius Victor Carus …
  • … at Anton Dohrn’s Zoological Station in Naples from February 1877; see letter from J. …
  • … V. Carus, 20 January 1877 . …
  • … cleistogamic flowers [for Forms of flowers (1877)], and, with it, will have worked up all …
  • … Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R. Mar 26. 1877 My dear Sir, Many thanks for your never- …
  • … See letter from J.  V.  Carus,  22 March 1877 and n. 2. CD reworked material from ‘ …
  • … flowers , which was published on 9 July 1877 ( Freeman 1977 ). Carus translated Forms of …
  • … German (Carus trans. 1877e). See letter from J.  V.  Carus,  22 March 1877 and n. 3. Carus …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Freeman, Richard Broke. 1977. The works of …

To C. E. Norton   16 March 1877

Summary

Thanks for Chauncey Wright’s work [Philosophical discussions (1877)].

Gladstone visited recently, and they discussed the future role of the United States as a world power.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Eliot Norton
Date:  16 Mar 1877
Classmark:  Houghton Library, Harvard University (Charles Eliot Norton Papers, MS Am 1088.14: 1596)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10895

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To C.  E.  Norton   16 March 1877
  • … Papers, MS Am 1088.14: 1596) Charles Robert Darwin Down 16 Mar 1877 Charles Eliot Norton …
  • … Wright’s work [ Philosophical discussions (1877)]. Gladstone visited recently, and they …
  • … 3 vols. London: Macmillan Co. Wright, Chauncey. 1877. Philosophical discussions. With a …
  • … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) March 16 1877 My dear M r . Norton I am very much obliged …
  • … in Philosophical discussions ( Wright 1877 ); CD’s lightly annotated copy is in the Darwin …
  • … his biographical sketch of Wright ( Wright 1877 , p. xvi), Norton discussed the influence …
  • … Thomas Scott Huxley took over as rector in 1877. Professor Huxley: Thomas Henry Huxley . …
  • … Ewart Gladstone visited Down on 11 March 1877. The visit was part of a weekend party held …

To J. D. Hooker   3 March [1877]

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Summary

CD counters Thiselton-Dyer’s objection to protoplasmic filaments of Dipsacus protruding beyond cell-wall, as Frank’s paper claims, by citing white "blood cells passing through vessels".

Has received Moseley’s collection of photographs.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  3 Mar [1877]
Classmark:  DAR 95: 435–6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10874

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   3 March [1877] …
  • … DAR 95: 435–6 Charles Robert Darwin Down 3 Mar [1877] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … of flowers on plants of the same species. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. …
  • … see letter to J. D. Hooker, 25 January [1877] . Henry Nottidge Moseley ; see letter from …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, [2 March 1877] and n. 7. …
  • … this letter and the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [2 March 1877] . See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [2 March 1877] . Francis Darwin had delivered his paper on the teasel ( …
  • … at the Royal Society of London on 1 March 1877. CD alludes to Francis’s wife, Amy, who had …

To Édouard Heckel   4 March 1877

Summary

Asks EH to make a small correction in his translation [of Cross and self-fertilisation].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Édouard Marie (Édouard) Heckel
Date:  4 Mar 1877
Classmark:  Barbara and Robert Pincus (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10878

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To Édouard Heckel   4 March 1877
  • … private collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 4 Mar 1877 Édouard Marie (Édouard) Heckel …
  • … letter to Édouard Heckel, 19 February 1877 . Heckel was making the French translation …
  • … Cross and self fertilisation (Heckel trans. 1877). For CD’s initial correction to p. 275 …
  • … self fertilisation , see the letter to J. V. Carus, 19 February 1877 . Julius Victor Carus …
  • … had questioned it in his letter of 26 February 1877 . See also letter to J.   …
  • … V.  Carus, 4 March 1877 . The correction was not …
  • … made to Heckel trans. 1877, p. 192, but it was made to Cross and self fertilisation 2d …
  • … Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R. Mar 4. 1877 Dear Sir, I have much cause to apologise …

From R. F. Cooke   19 March 1877

Summary

Murray’s will not announce CD’s new work [Forms of flowers] until informed to do so.

Author:  Robert Francis Cooke; John Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 171: 486
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10903

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From R. F. Cooke   19 March 1877
  • … Francis Cooke John Murray London, Albemarle St, 50a 19 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Freeman, Richard Broke. 1977. The works of …
  • … see the letter from R. F. Cooke, 16 March 1877 . Cooke had sent two cheques totalling £260 …
  • … CD did not send the manuscript for Forms of flowers until April 1877 ( letter to R. …
  • … F. Cooke, 11 April 1877 ) and it was …
  • … published on 9 July 1877 ( Freeman 1977 ). …

From Leonard Blomefield   12 March 1877

Summary

Congratulates CD on testimonials from the savants of Germany and the Netherlands [Nature 15 (1877): 356, 410–12] and generally on his contributions to biology.

Asks if and when CD’s "Variability of organic beings in a state of nature", as projected in 1868 [see Variation 1: 4] is to appear.

Author:  Leonard Jenyns; Leonard Blomefield
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 168: 59
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10889

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From Leonard Blomefield   12 March 1877
  • … DAR 168: 59 Leonard Jenyns/Leonard Blomefield Bath 12 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of Germany and the Netherlands [ Nature 15 (1877): 356, 410–12] and generally on his …
  • … Nature , 22 February 1877, p. 356, reported that on the occasion of CD’s 69th birthday, he …
  • … and lovers of science from Holland. CD was 68 on 12 February 1877. The German album was …
  • … from Emil Rade, [before 16] February 1877 , and the Dutch one was sent with the letter …
  • … van Bemmelen and H. J. Veth, 6 February 1877 . CD had entered his 69th year; both albums …
  • … Belmont | Bath. March 12 th | 1877. — My dear Darwin, I cannot refrain from writing you a …

To C. F. Claus   9 March 1877

Summary

Warm thanks for CC’s letter. CD needed no word from CC to be convinced of his high opinion.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Carl Friedrich Claus
Date:  9 Mar 1877
Classmark:  Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Slg. Darmstaedter Lc 1859: Darwin, Charles, Bl. 210–211)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10885

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To C. F. Claus   9 March 1877
  • … See letter from C. F. Claus, 5 March 1877 . …
  • … Darwin, Charles, Bl. 210–211) Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Mar 1877 Carl Friedrich Claus …
  • … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. March 9 th 1877 My dear Sir I thank you warmly for your …

To J. D. Hooker   20 March [1877]

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Summary

CD apologises for his burdensome request of Oliver.

Criticises JDH’s notice on Forsythia, which JDH said was dioecious. Forsythia sent to CD from Kew was heterostylous.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  20 Mar [1877]
Classmark:  DAR 95: 437–8
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10906

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   20 March [1877] …
  • … DAR 95: 437–8 Charles Robert Darwin Down 20 Mar [1877] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … of flowers on plants of the same species. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. …
  • … and the letter from J. D. Hooker, 19 March 1877 . CD had asked Daniel Oliver to examine …
  • … it; see letter from J. D. Hooker, 19 March 1877 . Friedrich Hildebrand had published the …
  • … been found, but see the letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 19 March 1877 . Hooker’s note …
  • … appeared in Gardener’s Chronicle , 17 March 1877, p. 343. He sent CD dried flowers of …

From J. V. Carus   22 March 1877

Summary

A curious error – too late to change: in Cross and self-fertilisation CD has "cleistogenous" for "cleistogamous" flowers throughout.

Author:  Julius Victor Carus
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 161: 108
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10909

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From J.  V.  Carus   22 March 1877
  • … 161: 108 Julius Victor Carus Zoological Station, Naples 22 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … letter from Ernst Haeckel, 9 February 1877 ). Pieter Harting had sent a copy of a Dutch …
  • … CD of Dutch album to Nature (see letter to Pieter Harting, 19 March 1877 , and letter to …
  • … Nature, 24 February [1877] and n. 2). …
  • … Zoological Station | Naples March 22, 1877 My dear Sir, I have to point out a curious …
  • … Holland (see letter from Emil Rade, [before 16] February 1877 , and letter from A. A. van …
  • … Bemmelen and H. J. Veth, 6 February 1877 ). Ernst Haeckel was involved with …

From J. D. Hooker   19 March 1877

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Summary

Oliver cannot, as CD has requested, hunt for trimorphic flowers in the Herbarium’s collection of Oxalis specimens. He would help Frank if he comes.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 104: 80–1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10898

Matches: 4 hits

  • … From J.  D.  Hooker   19 March 1877
  • … DAR 104: 80–1 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew 19 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … see the letter from Daniel Oliver, 12 March 1877 . Oxalis is the genus of wood sorrels. …
  • … See letter to Francis Darwin , [ c. 20 March 1877]. …

From Asa Gray   6 March 1877

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Summary

Thanks for Orchids [2d ed.].

Does not feel his abstract of Cross and self-fertilisation [Am. J. Sci. 3d ser. 13 (1877): 125–41] was thorough enough.

Has heard of their sad bereavement last autumn [death of Amy, wife of Francis Darwin].

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 165: 194
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10880

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From Asa Gray   6 March 1877
  • … DAR 165: 194 Asa Gray Herbarium of Harvard 6 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … fertilisation [ Am. J. Sci. 3d ser. 13 (1877): 125–41] was thorough enough. Has heard of …
  • … Orchids 2d ed. was published in January 1877 by John Murray ( …
  • … Publishers’ Circular , 1 February 1877, p. 93). CD praised Gray’s abstract of Cross and …
  • … eviscerated it’ in his letter of 18 February [1877] . Benjamin Silliman Jr was one of the …
  • … fertilised by insects. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition, revised. London: John Murray. 1877. …

From Fritz Müller   25 March 1877

Summary

Thanks CD for new [2d] edition of Orchids.

Mentions some observations on dimorphic plants.

Reports on a third species of Pontederia [see Forms of flowers, p. 185].

Describes some unusual grasses.

Reports rumours from southern Brazil concerning the existence of a gigantic subterranean animal.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 111: A89–90
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10911

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From Fritz Müller   25 March 1877
  • … Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller Santa Catharina, Brazil 25 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Orchids 2d ed. : The various contrivances by …
  • … 2d edition, revised. London: John Murray. 1877. West, David A. 2003. Fritz Müller. A …
  • … Itajahy), S a Catharina | Brazil, March 25. 1877. My dear Sir I have just finished reading …
  • … s second expedition (February to March 1877) to the grasslands (campos) of the central …
  • … needlegrasses. In a letter to Nature , 1 March 1877, p. 374, Francis Darwin described the …
  • … Die Grannen von Aristida’ ( Kosmos 1 (1877): 353–4), Müller described the hygroscopic awns …

From Daniel Oliver   12 March 1877

Summary

Discusses the cleistogamous flowers of Oxalis. Thinks they may not be truly cleistogamous but merely arrested or imperfectly developed normal flowers.

Author:  Daniel Oliver
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 173: 35
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10890

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From Daniel Oliver   12 March 1877
  • … DAR 173: 35 Daniel Oliver Kew 12 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of flowers on plants of the same species. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. …
  • … Herb m . | Royal Gardens Kew 12 Mar.  1877. Dear M r Darwin With regard to cleistogamic …
  • … letter to Daniel Oliver, 10 March 1877 . CD described the cleistogamic flowers ( …
  • … vol. 30, letter to Daniel Oliver, 10 March 1877 , and Correspondence vol. 25, letter to G. …
  • … H. K. Thwaites, 26 March 1877 . Joseph Ernest Gibert sent plants to Kew from Montevideo, …

To Francis Darwin   [c. 20 March 1877]

Summary

Asks FD to mollify Daniel Oliver and assure him that CD asks "only for what I wd. give my life’s blood for".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  [c. 20 Mar 1877]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 19
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10752

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To Francis Darwin   [ c. 20 March 1877] …
  • … DAR 211: 19 Charles Robert Darwin Down [c. 20 Mar 1877] Francis Darwin …
  • … it was not worth Francis’s giving up two days ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 20 March [1877] ). …
  • … the letter to J. D. Hooker, 20 March [1877] . The year is confirmed by an early archivist’ …
  • … species. In his letter of 19 March 1877 , Joseph Dalton Hooker wrote that Oliver thought …

To G. B. Ercolani   3 March 1877

Summary

Thanks GBE for his essay on the placenta [Sull’unità del tipo anatomico della placenta nei mammiferi e nell’umana specie (1877)].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Giovanni Battista Ercolani
Date:  3 Mar 1877
Classmark:  Biblioteca Comunale dell’Archiginnasio, Bologna (Collezione degli autografi, XXIII, 6542)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10876

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To G.  B.  Ercolani   3 March 1877
  • … autografi, XXIII, 6542) Charles Robert Darwin Down 3 Mar 1877 Giovanni Battista Ercolani …
  • … Sull’unità del tipo anatomico della placenta nei mammiferi e nell’umana specie (1877)]. …
  • … the physiological unity in the nutrition of foetuses in all vertebrates; Ercolani 1877). …

To ?   30 March 1877

Summary

Sends autograph as requested.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Unidentified
Date:  30 Mar 1877
Classmark:  L’Autographe (dealers) (1997?)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10918F

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To ?    30 March 1877
  • … L’Autographe (dealers) (1997? ) Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 Mar 1877 Unidentified …
  • … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. March 30 th 1877 Dear Sir I have pleasure in sending you my …

To Daniel Oliver   10 March 1877

Summary

Enquiring about cleistogamic flowers of Oxalis.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Daniel Oliver
Date:  10 Mar 1877
Classmark:  Newcastle University Special Collections (Spence Watson/Weiss Archive GB186 SW/6/6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10887F

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To Daniel Oliver   10 March 1877
  • … years earlier (see Correspondence vol. 25, letter to G. H. K. Thwaites, 26 March 1877 ). …
  • … Watson/Weiss Archive GB186 SW/6/6) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Mar 1877 Daniel Oliver …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. [Oliver, Daniel. ] 1864a. Dimorphic flowers. …
  • … Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R. Mar 10 1877 My dear M r Oliver I want to beg your …

To Asa Gray   19 March [1877]

Summary

Sends an informal title-page [for Orchids, 2d ed.].

Appreciates the condolences for Frank [on death of his wife, Amy].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  19 Mar [1877]
Classmark:  Houghton Library, Harvard University (tipped into Orchids 2d ed., EC85 D2593 862oba)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10901

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   19 March [1877] …
  • … into Orchids 2d ed. , EC85 D2593 862oba) Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 Mar [1877] Asa Gray …
  • … fertilised by insects. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition, revised. London: John Murray. 1877. …
  • … by the relationship between this letter and the letter from Asa Gray, 6 March 1877 . …
  • … In his letter of 6 March 1877 , Gray had requested a title page to complete his copy of …
  • … publisher. See letter from Asa Gray, 6 March 1877 and n. 4; Gray and his wife, Jane Loring …
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Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 28 hits

  • … , Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and …
  • … from a family that the Darwins had befriended. The year 1877 was more than usually full of honours. …
  • … of a very heavy shower’, William wrote on 24 August 1877 . ‘The leaves were not at all depressed; …
  • … gardeners ( letter from W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 25 August 1877 ). At Down House, Darwin and …
  • … a delicate twig’ ( letter to R. I. Lynch, 14 September 1877 ). Research on movement would continue …
  • … of some Infusoria’ ( letter from F. J. Cohn, 5 August 1877 ). Francis’s paper eventually appeared …
  • … wrote to the editor, George Croom Robertson, on 27 April 1877 , ‘I hope that you will be so good …
  • … had written to the editor Ernst Ludwig Krause on 30 June 1877 , ‘I have been much interested by …
  • … the German debate (letters to W. E. Gladstone, 2 October 1877 and 25 October [1877] ). …
  • … and lively’ ( letter from W. E. Gladstone, 23 October 1877 ). Gifts of German and Dutch …
  • … Darwin and Ernst Haeckel). Writing to Darwin on 11 March 1877 , Krause declared the journal ‘an …
  • … the director, Adriaan Anthoni van Bemmelen, on 12 February 1877 : ‘I suppose that every worker at …
  • … of his 70th year. Darwin was in fact 68 on 12 February 1877. Distinguished guests and …
  • … & smooth as butter’ ( letter to C. E. Norton, 16 March 1877 ). Hooker was asked repeatedly by …
  • … & me to dejeuner!!!’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 14 June 1877 ). Darwin was staying in …
  • … centuries to come’ ( letter from C. C. Graham, 30 January 1877 ). Graham then gave a lengthy …
  • … man and of societies’ ( letter from Marcellin de Bonnal, [1877] ). A similar complaint came from …
  • … by a duke!’ ( letter to J. M. Rodwell, 3 June 1877 ). Back home, he learned from his brother that …
  • … order of the day’ ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 27 January [1877] ).  Carlyle’s remarks were …
  • … . In a letter from an unknown correspondent on 13 June 1877 , he was criticised for having quoted …
  • … monstrosity ( letter from C. T. E. Siebold, 10 October 1877 ). An American banker, William Burrows …
  • … back our civilization’ ( letter from W. B. Bowles, 17 May 1877 ). Bowles proposed that such …
  • … of humanity beneath’ ( letter from W. B. Bowles, 18 May 1877 ). More transitional human …
  • … inflexible tails ( letter from Arthur Mellersh, 1 January 1877 ). The American physician Jesse …
  • … (Trollope 1867; letter to G. J. Romanes, [1 and 2 December 1877] ). Dispute and …
  • … George and Francis. He wrote to Francis on 24 September 1877 about his forthcoming work, Life …
  • … value’, he confessed in a letter of 25 November 1877 that the book had ‘resolved itself into a …
  • … physical’ ( letter from W. M. Moorsom, 10 September 1877 ). Darwin was doubtful of the elephant …

1877 letters now online

Summary

Flowers, bloom, a son married . . . and a suspended monkey in Cambridge at Darwin's honorary LLD ceremony. The transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters written to and from Darwin in 1877 are now online. Read more about Darwin's life in 1877…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of  over 600 letters written to and from Darwin in 1877  are now online. Read more about  Darwin& …

Photograph album of German and Austrian scientists

Summary

The album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade, and contained 165 portraits of German and Austrian scientists. The work was lavishly produced and bound in blue velvet with metal embossing. Its ornate…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade …
  • … have ever received ( Letter to Ernst Haeckel, 16 February 1877 )     …
  • … the start of his 70th year, but Darwin was only 68 in 1877. Despite this oversight, the album …
  • … world.— ( Letter from Leonard Blomefield, 12 March 1877 ) Familiar faces Ernst …
  • … with the final album. He wrote to Darwin on 9 February 1877 : ‘what will perhaps astonish you is …
  • … worth to give you ( Letter from J. V. Carus, 22 March 1877 )  The professor of …
  • … scientific work. ( Letter from C. G. Semper, 26 April 1877 ) Carl Kraus, an …

4.25 'Punch' 1877 re. Cambridge doctorate

Summary

< Back to Introduction Punch often ridiculed Darwin by showing him as a monkey or in other animalistic forms, but in 1877, when he at last received an honorary degree from Cambridge University, it paid its tribute to ‘wisdom’. ‘Punch to Dr. Darwin’…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … him as a monkey or in other animalistic forms, but in 1877, when he at last received an honorary …
  • … a celebratory speech at the award ceremony on 17 November 1877. The capital ‘O’ of the first line of …
  • … date of creation late November 1877 
 computer-readable date c.1877-11-18 to 1877-11-30  …

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the …
  • … lasting pleasure. ( Letter to Pieter Harting, 19 March 1877 ) Harting had also written …
  • … it states his ‘69th Birthday’, when in fact he was 68 in 1877. It was arranged in alphabetical order …
  • … from A. A. van Bemmelen and H. J.  Veth, 6 February 1877 ) Dutch correspondents …
  • … ( Letter from C. W. Thomson, 30 June 1877 ) Much earlier, in 1861, Tiberius Cornelis …

German and Dutch photograph albums

Summary

Darwin Day 2018: To celebrate Darwin's 209th birthday, we present two lavishly produced albums of portrait photographs which Darwin received from continental admirers 141 years ago. These unusual gifts from Germany and the Netherlands are made…

Matches: 3 hits

  • …   In 1877, Charles Darwin was sent some unusual birthday presents: two lavishly …
  • … conferred on me ( Letter to Otto Zacharias, [24 February 1877] ) The two albums …
  • … sympathy. ( Letter to A. A. van Bemmelen, 12 February 1877 )  View the Dutch album …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … of plants.’ ( From Friedrich Hildebrand, 18 January 1877 ). Hermann Müller enthused that Darwin’s …
  • … my book’ ( To  Gardeners’ Chronicle , 19 February [1877] ). In contrast, as Hooker told Darwin, …
  • … gloats over it' ( From J. D. Hooker, 27 January 1877 ). Darwin was especially pleased with …
  • … have quite eviscerated it’ ( To Asa Gray, 18 February [1877] ). By mid-March 1877, the edition was …
  • … index a little altered’ ( To R. F. Cooke, 11 December [1877] ). These changes were necessitated by …
  • … wheat that he had studied ( From A. W. Rimpau, 10 December 1877 ). By the end of February 1878, …

Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters

Summary

On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … tiredness of the later years (e.g. letter to E.M. Dicey, [1877] ). Working …

Language: key letters

Summary

How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

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  • … Letter 11074: Sayce, A. H. to Darwin, C. R., 27 July 1877 Darwin’s study of human nature …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

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  • … activity at the site of a Roman villa,  15 November 1877 W. T. Thiselton-Dyer's …

Have you read the one about....

Summary

... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …

Charles Harrison Blackley

Summary

You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … grains by a dilution method.  In his letter of 9 March 1877 , Darwin wrote: ‘Your calculation of …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to …
  • … and forenames Occupation Age in 1877 Residence Date …
  • … Leiden 13 June 1823 Rotterdam 2 June 1877 Zoeterwoude …
  • … 5 October 1808 Wildenborch 4 June 1877 Klein Dochteren …

German poems presented to Darwin

Summary

Experiments in deepest reverence The following poems were enclosed with a photograph album sent as a birthday gift to Charles Darwin by his German and Austrian admirers (see letter from From Emil Rade, [before 16] February 1877). The poems were…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … (see letter from From Emil Rade , [before 16] February 1877). The poems were composed by …
  • … in Rade’s account of the making of the album (Rade 1877, pp. 39–40), but the others were published …
  • … Letter from Emil Rade 1    [before 16] February 1877 2 Münster i./Westf. …
  • … From Emil Rade   [before 16] February 1877 2 Münster i./Westf. February 1877. …
  • … this letter and the letter to Emil Rade, 16 February 1877. 3. The gift was a photograph …
  • … Appendix VI. A number of other poems were included in Rade 1877.   …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Treat, 5 January 1872 Letter to [E. M. Dicey?], [1877] Letter to C. A. Kennard …

Darwin in public and private

Summary

Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 10746 – Darwin to Dicey, E. M., [1877] Darwin gives his opinion on the …
  • … Letter 11267f – Darwin, S. to Darwin, [3 December 1877] Darwin’s daughter-in-law …

Exercise: Caricatures of Science

Summary

Caricatures provide intriguing insights into both ideals and transgressions of gender. The following six images show caricatured representations of nineteenth-century men and women of science. They provide insight into the boundaries of what was deemed …

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  • …   Lydia Becker (1877) Caricature of Lydia Becker from …

Movement in Plants

Summary

The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…

Matches: 3 hits

  • …   ‘Very curious results’ In May 1877, Darwin asked one of his most trusted …
  • … of movement ( letter from R. I. Lynch, [before 28 July 1877] ). ‘ I do not believe I sh d . …
  • … those of Gray, who had written an article on the subject in 1877 (A. Gray 1877e). Gray had reported …

Floral Dimorphism

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a series of smaller studies on botanical subjects. Titled The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, it consisted primarily of…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … | Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a …
  • … findings on floral dimorphism were eventually published in 1877, but these experiments and …
  • … SOURCES Book Darwin, C. R. 1877. The different forms of flowers on plants of the …
  • … experiment, the class read chapter 1 of Charles Darwin’s 1877 T he Different Forms of …
  • … Flowers on Plants of the Same Species (London: John Murray, 1877), 16. [2] Ibid., 30. …

1.14 William Richmond, oil

Summary

< Back to Introduction William Blake Richmond’s portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, celebrated his honorary degree of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma mater for the presentation ceremony…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma …
  • … bibliography ‘University News’, Observer (18 Nov. 1877), p. 6. ‘Mr. Darwin at Cambridge’, …
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