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From R. F. Cooke   22 October 1875

Summary

Sends a copy of Climbing plants [2d ed.]. Price cannot be higher than 6s.

Variation [2d ed.] price will be 18s, if CD approves. Future reprints will not be costly, since both have been stereotyped.

Author:  Robert Francis Cooke; John Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 Oct 1875
Classmark:  DAR 171: 473
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10213

Matches: 9 hits

  • … From R.  F.  Cooke   22 October 1875
  • … Francis Cooke John Murray London, Albemarle St, 50a 22 Oct 1875 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … 1 March 1876, p. 168); however, it carried an 1875 publication date. CD’s annotations …
  • … for his reply to Cooke of 23 October [1875] and for the accompanying presentation list. …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. ‘Climbing plants’: On the movements and …
  • … under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1875. …
  • … Climbing plants 2d ed. was published in November 1875, priced at 6 s . ( …
  • … Publishers’ circular , 16 November 1875, p. 932). An …
  • … account (Down House MS) for 23 November 1875 records a payment of £63 for ‘Climbing …

To Annie Dowie   1 August [1875]

Summary

Thanks AD for her account [of the regrowth of her sister’s amputated supernumerary finger]. Is much perplexed what to conclude. Feels he should either retract his account [in Variation, 1st ed., 2: 14–15] or substantiate it by judgment of a physiologist like James Paget. Asks for tracings of her sister’s hand. [See Variation, 2d ed., 1: 459].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Anne (Annie) Chambers; Anne (Annie) Dowie
Date:  1 Aug [1875]
Classmark:  National Library of Australia (MS 760/2/10–11)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10106

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To Annie Dowie   1 August [1875] …
  • … 11) Charles Robert Darwin Down 1 Aug [1875] Anne (Annie) Chambers/Anne (Annie) Dowie …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. Paterson, Robert. 1874. Memorials of the …
  • … 2d edition. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1875. Variation : The variation of animals and …
  • … and the letter to Annie Dowie, 27 July 1875 . CD had asked Dowie for information on a case …
  • … extra finger ( letter to Annie Dowie, 27 July 1875 ). CD described the case at length in …
  • … Dowie has been found, the letter from Annie Dowie, [after 27 July 1875] . Insectivorous …
  • … plants was published on 2 July 1875 (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). Presumably, either …
  • … see the letter to Annie Dowie, 27 July 1875 and n. 3. James Syme . Thomas Annandale . The …
  • … letter from Annie Dowie, [after 27 July 1875] . In Variation 2d ed. 1: 459, CD referred to …
  • … of the letter from Annie Dowie, [after 27 July 1875] , or the missing letter contained a …
  • … of Science took place in Bristol in August 1875; Dowie’s husband, James Muir Dowie , had …
  • … meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (1875)). See n. 2 above. …

To R. F. Cooke   29 August [1875]

Summary

On publishing details of Variation [2d ed.].

CD mortified and annoyed to hear that RC has complained to Messrs Clowes of the extra expense because proofs for Climbing plants were put on wider paper at CD’s request.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Robert Francis Cooke; John Murray
Date:  29 Aug [1875]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms. 42152 ff. 330–1)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10138

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To R.  F.  Cooke   29 August [1875] …
  • … ff. 330–1) Charles Robert Darwin Bassett 29 Aug [1875] Robert Francis Cooke John Murray …
  • … Erasmus Darwin in Southampton from 28 August to 11 September 1875. In the event, …
  • … finished work on the corrections on 3 October 1875. (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II). ) See …
  • … letter from E. A. Clowes, 27 August 1875 . …
  • … 2d edition. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1875. Variation : The variation of animals and …
  • … between this letter and the letter from R. F. Cooke, 27 August 1875 . See letter from R. …
  • … F. Cooke, 27 August 1875 and n. 1. William Clowes & Sons were printing Variation 2d ed. ; …
  • … the second edition of Variation on 6 July 1875; the Darwins stayed at the home of William …

From W. T. Thiselton-Dyer   [16–22 October 1875]

Summary

PS concerning Imantophyllum.

Author:  William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [16–22 Oct 1875]
Classmark:  DAR 185: 152
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10201F

Matches: 9 hits

  • … From W.  T.  Thiselton-Dyer   [16–22 October 1875] …
  • … DAR 185: 152 William Turner Thiselton-Dyer [16–22 Oct 1875] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of Imantophyllum , see the letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 16 October [1875] and n. 2. …
  • … CD’s annotation is a note for his reply of 26 October [1875]. …
  • … this letter, the letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 16 October [1875] , and the letter to W. …
  • … T. Thiselton-Dyer, 22 October 1875 . According to an entry in the Outwards book (Royal …
  • … cyrtanthiflora ) was sent to CD on 14 October 1875. A note inserted in pencil next to the …
  • … letter to Thiselton-Dyer of 16 October [1875], CD mentioned his plan for experiments with …
  • … in a missing part of his letter of 20 October 1875 . A plant of Clivia nobilis (green-tip …

From J. S. Burdon Sanderson   30 April [1875]

Summary

Lyon Playfair approves the bill concerning animal experimentation and would be prepared to introduce it should it be necessary. Believes a bill could be passed by Parliament by September.

Author:  John Scott Burdon Sanderson, 1st baronet
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  30 Apr [1875]
Classmark:  University of British Columbia Library, Rare Books and Special Collections (Darwin - Burdon Sanderson letters RBSC-ARC-1731-1-33)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9958A

Matches: 9 hits

  • … Paget for the vivisection bill (see letter to J.  S.  Burdon Sanderson, [11 April 1875] ). …
  • … From J.  S.  Burdon Sanderson   30 April [1875] …
  • … Sanderson, 1st baronet London, Queen Anne St, 49 30 Apr [1875] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … from J.  S.  Burdon Sanderson, 28 April [1875] . Lyon Playfair had agreed to present the …
  • … of Lords (see letter from Lyon Playfair, 29 April 1875 ). Cardwell had also been sent a …
  • … see letter from Edward Cardwell, 29 April 1875 ). John Colam was secretary and Cardwell a …
  • … committee that was established in January 1875 to investigate the practice of vivisection …
  • … the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, 30 April 1875 , and Appendix VI). The RSPCA did not …
  • … own bill, which was presented on 4 May 1875 ( Cobbe 1904 , p. 640). CD had also secured …

From R. D. Fitzgerald   20 September 1875

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Summary

On fertilisation in certain orchids.

Author:  Robert David Fitzgerald
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Sept 1875
Classmark:  DAR 164: 130
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10161

Matches: 11 hits

  • … From R.  D.  Fitzgerald   20 September 1875
  • … DAR 164: 130 Robert David Fitzgerald Sydney 20 Sept 1875 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Bibliography Fitzgerald, Robert David. 1875–94. Australian orchids. 2 vols. Sydney: Thomas …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. Marginalia : Charles Darwin’s marginalia. …
  • … letter to R. D. Fitzgerald, 16 July 1875 . Fitzgerald’s name appears on CD’s presentation …
  • … Insectivorous plants (Appendix IV). See letter to R. D. Fitzgerald, 16 July 1875 and n. 6. …
  • … In his Australian orchids ( Fitzgerald 1875–94 , vol. 1, part 1: 2), Fitzgerald had …
  • … There is an annotated copy of Fitzgerald 1875–94 (all seven parts of vol. 1, and parts 1, …
  • … insects ( letter to R. D. Fitzgerald, 16 July 1875 ). In Orchids 2d ed. , p. 89, CD quoted …
  • … of Caladenia were exclusively insect-pollinated ( Fitzgerald 1875–94 , vol. 1, part 1). …
  • … to Alfred Smee and Smee 1872 . In Fitzgerald 1875–94 , vol. 1, part 1: 2, Fitzgerald had …

To R. D. Fitzgerald   16 July 1875

Summary

Thanks RDF for a part of his book [Australian orchids, vol. 1 (1875–82)]; suggests further observations RDF could make and defends some of his own conclusions.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Robert David Fitzgerald
Date:  16 July 1875
Classmark:  Mitchell Library, Sydney (A 2546)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10069

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To R.  D.  Fitzgerald   16 July 1875
  • … Library, Sydney (A 2546) Charles Robert Darwin Down 16 July 1875 Robert David Fitzgerald …
  • … his book [ Australian orchids , vol. 1 (1875–82)]; suggests further observations RDF could …
  • … CD had received the first part of Fitzgerald’s Australian orchids ( Fitzgerald 1875–94 ). …
  • … See letters to Mr Russell , 26 June [1875] and …
  • … 12 July 1875 . Fitzgerald described the genus Pterostylis , with illustrations of P.   …
  • … an illustration of C.  dimorpha ( Fitzgerald 1875–94 , vol.  1, part 1). The ‘calli’ are …
  • … 2: 138–56. ] Fitzgerald, Robert David. 1875–94. Australian orchids. 2 vols. Sydney: Thomas …
  • … in the introductory essay to Fitzgerald 1875–94 , vol.  1, part 1: 1. The self-fertile bee …
  • … flowers produced no seed (see Fitzgerald 1875–94 , vol.  1, part 1: 2. ) Fritz Müller …
  • … as agents of fertilization’ ( Fitzgerald 1875–94 , vol.  1, part 1: 2). On Cypripedium ( …

From William Clowes & Sons   19 July 1875

Summary

Errata slip forInsectivorous plants

Author:  William Clowes & Sons
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 July 1875
Classmark:  DAR 86: B22; DAR 94: 1a (cover)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10076F

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From William Clowes & Sons   19 July 1875
  • … Bibliography Insectivorous plants. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. …
  • … cover) William Clowes & Sons Stamford Street, London 19 July 1875 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … plants (see letters from G.  H.  Darwin to William Clowes & Sons , 11 July 1875 and …
  • … 17 July 1875 ). For CD’ …
  • … s combined list of corrections to August 1875, see DAR 86: B50. …

To F. S. B. François de Chaumont   23 December 1875

Summary

Thanks for FdeC’s work [Lectures on state medicine (1875)].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Stephen Bennet François de Chaumont
Date:  23 Dec 1875
Classmark:  Wellcome Collection (RAMC/473/6) Trustees of the Army Medical Services Museum
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10321

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To F.  S.  B.  François de Chaumont   23 December 1875
  • … Thanks for FdeC’s work [ Lectures on state medicine (1875)]. …
  • … Museum Charles Robert Darwin Down 23 Dec 1875 Francis Stephen Bennet François de Chaumont …
  • … state medicine ( François de Chaumont 1875 ) dealt with sanitation. François de Chaumont …
  • … de Chaumont, Francis Stephen Bennet. 1875. Lectures on state medicine delivered before …
  • … Apothecaries at their hall in Blackfriars: May & June 1875 . London: Smith, Elder, & Co. …

To Friedrich Hildebrand   28 July [1875]

Summary

Apologises that he cannot supply any maize seed.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Friedrich Hermann Gustav (Friedrich) Hildebrand
Date:  28 July [1875]
Classmark:  Klaus Groove (private collection); sold by Venator and Hanstein, Cologne (dealers), 16 March 2018
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10098F

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To Friedrich Hildebrand   28 July [1875] …
  • … Bibliography Insectivorous plants. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. …
  • … March 2018 Charles Robert Darwin 28 July [1875] Down Friedrich Hermann Gustav (Friedrich) …
  • … between this letter and the letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 26 July 1875 . See …
  • … letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 26 July 1875 . Federico Delpino . Insectivorous …
  • … plants . See letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 26 July 1875 . …

To Alpheus Hyatt   21 January [1875]

Summary

Thanks for note and extract.

Will be glad to read AH’s memoir when published [? "The Jurassic and Cretaceous Ammonites collected in South America by Prof. James Orton" Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. [Proc Mem Jnl!?] 17 (1875): 365–72].

Recalls AH’s visit to Down.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alpheus Hyatt
Date:  21 Jan [1875]
Classmark:  Maryland Historical Society (Alpheus Hyatt Papers MS 1007)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9826

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To Alpheus Hyatt   21 January [1875] …
  • … Alpheus Hyatt Papers MS 1007) Charles Robert Darwin Down 21 Jan [1875] Alpheus Hyatt …
  • … Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. [Proc Mem Jnl!? ] 17 (1875): 365–72]. Recalls AH’s visit to Down. …
  • … relationship between this letter and the letter from Alpheus Hyatt, 8 January [1875] . See …
  • … letter from Alpheus Hyatt, 8 January [1875] . An abstract of Hyatt’ …
  • … ammonites ( Hyatt 1874 ) was published in 1875. It is not known when Hyatt visited Down. …

From T. F. Burgers   13 May 1875

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Summary

Would like to call on CD if convenient.

Author:  Thomas François Burgers
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 May 1875
Classmark:  DAR 97: C11v
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9978

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From T.  F.  Burgers   13 May 1875
  • … C11v Thomas François Burgers London, Hyde Park Place, 13 13 May 1875 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … 13, Hyde Park Place, W. May 13 th 1875 Dear Sir I beg to send you the enclosed note from …
  • … See letter from James Paget, 12 May 1875 . There is no record of a visit from Burgers in …
  • … s diary (DAR 242), but it is possible that he visited CD on 29 May 1875 (see letter to …
  • … William Marshall, 29 May 1875 and n. 2). …

From Thomas Allen   14 April 1875

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Summary

Encloses draft bill about vivisection; CD and friends may have influence enough to get it introduced in Commons or Lords; TA and the Cruelty Society do not. The Society, however, can pay for preparation of bill.

Author:  Thomas Allen
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Apr 1875
Classmark:  DAR 159: 51
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9926

Matches: 9 hits

  • … From Thomas Allen   14 April 1875
  • … DAR 159: 51 Thomas Allen London, Connaught Square, 42 14 Apr 1875 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … 42, Connaught Square, | Hyde Park. Apr: 14. 1875. Dear Darwin. I was sorry not to b.  able …
  • … Litchfield (see letter to J.  S.  Burdon Sanderson, [11 April 1875] , and letter from J.   …
  • … S.  Burdon Sanderson, 12 April [1875] ). Shaen, Roscoe, Massey & Co were a firm …
  • … Row, London ( Post Office London directory 1875). William Shaen visited CD on 11 April ( …
  • … to J. S. Burdon Sanderson, [11 April 1875] ). Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty …
  • … Power Cobbe had presented her memorial to the society in January 1875 (see letter to T. …
  • … H. Huxley, 14 January 1875 ). …

To G. J. Romanes   12 July [1875]

Summary

Discusses revisions for Variation, 2d ed.

Discusses experiments involving graft-hybrids.

Alludes to Pangenesis.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George John Romanes
Date:  12 July [1875]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.471)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10059

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To G.  J.  Romanes   12 July [1875] …
  • … Society (Mss.B.D25.471) Charles Robert Darwin Down 12 July [1875] George John Romanes …
  • … in Farrer’s garden to be sent to Romanes (see letter to G.  J.  Romanes, 7 April [1875] ). …
  • … Royal Institution of Great Britain 8 (1875–8): 166–77. Variation 2d ed. : The variation of …
  • … under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1875. …
  • … began work on Variation 2d ed.  on 6 July 1875 (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). CD expanded …
  • … circular 1876), although it carried an 1875 publication date. For the description of the …
  • … the letter from G.  J.  Romanes, 14 January 1875  and n.  3. Romanes’s work on the nervous …
  • … of Thomas Henry Farrer , from 3 June to 6 July 1875 (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). CD had …
  • … see letter from G.  J.  Romanes, 14 January 1875  and n.  2). CD briefly discussed the …

To J. D. Hooker   19 June [1875]

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Summary

Has come to Abinger Hall for a rest after Insectivorous plants, soon to appear. Is sick of the accursed subject.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  19 June [1875]
Classmark:  DAR 95: 386–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10024

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   19 June [1875] …
  • … Bibliography Insectivorous plants. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. …
  • … DAR 95: 386–7 Charles Robert Darwin Abinger Hall 19 June [1875] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … plants , which was published on 2 July 1875 (see CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II) and Appendix …
  • … the relationship between this letter and the letter from J. D. Hooker, 20 June 1875 . In a …
  • … letter to Emma Darwin of [5 June 1875] (DAR 245: 54), Henrietta Emma Litchfield mentioned …
  • … Henry Farrer , from 3 June to 6 July 1875 (see CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). Harriet Anne …

To J. D. Hooker   8 January [1875]

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Summary

JDH would be rash not to follow advice of his friends. [CD’s] wife and George oppose his writing to Mivart.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  8 Jan [1875]
Classmark:  DAR 95: 367–8
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9809

Matches: 7 hits

  • … Cohn 1875a ) is in DAR 58.2: 35–43. See letter to F.   J.  Cohn, 1 January 1875 . …
  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   8 January [1875] …
  • … DAR 95: 367–8 Charles Robert Darwin Down 8 Jan [1875] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 7 January 1875 . John Tyndall , Thomas Archer Hirst , and …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 7 January 1875 ). Thomas Henry Huxley had written to Mivart, …
  • … Edinburgh (see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 3 January [1875] and n.  4). Daniel Oliver’ …
  • … the letter to Oliver of 6 January [1875] . Genlisea (the corkscrew plant), Aldrovanda (the …

From R. F. Cooke   6 August 1875

Summary

Giovanni Canestrini should be reminded that before any plates for another of CD’s books can be sent, payment must be made for those already sent.

Author:  Robert Francis Cooke; John Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Aug 1875
Classmark:  DAR 171: 462
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10109

Matches: 9 hits

  • … From R.  F.  Cooke   6 August 1875
  • … Francis Cooke John Murray London, Albemarle St, 50a 6 Aug 1875 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. Variation 2d ed. : The variation of animals …
  • … 2d edition. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1875. Variation : The variation of animals and …
  • … 50 A , Albemarle S t . | W. Aug t . 6. 1875 My dear Sir We have posted a copy of the “ …
  • … edition (see letter from Ludwik Masłowski to [John Murray? ], 25 July 1875 and n. 5). …
  • … See letter from Giovanni Canestrini, 29 July 1875 . Canestrini had asked for permission to …
  • … see letter from R. F. Cooke, 26 May 1875 and nn. 1 and 3). William Clowes & Sons printed …
  • … plants , which had been published on 2 July 1875 (see ‘Journal’ (Appendix II); Freeman …

To Chauncey Wright   13 March 1875

Summary

Discusses function of the eyebrows in protecting the eyes from sweat.

Mentions notices in the Nation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Chauncey Wright
Date:  13 Mar 1875
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9886

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To Chauncey Wright   13 March 1875
  • … Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25. ) Charles Robert Darwin Down 13 Mar 1875 Chauncey Wright …
  • … Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. Journal of researches : Journal of researches …
  • … See letter from Chauncey Wright, 24 February 1875  and n.  1. …
  • … manuscript of Insectivorous plants until 29 March 1875 (see CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). …
  • … In his letter of 24 February 1875 , Wright suggested that adaptations could have several …
  • … angered. In his letter of 24 February 1875 , Wright described how William James suffered …
  • … See letter from Chauncey Wright, 24 February 1875  and n.  11. Wright sent CD …
  • … on books about evolution; it was published in Nation , 18 February 1875, pp.  113–14. …

From J. D. Hooker   27 July 1875

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Summary

His appreciation of Insectivorous plants, especially Utricularia section.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 July 1875
Classmark:  DAR 104: 33–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10095

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From J.  D.  Hooker   27 July 1875
  • … DAR 104: 33–4 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew 27 July 1875 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Darwin’s election to the Linnean Society (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 25 July 1875 ). …
  • … Press. 1985–. Insectivorous plants. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. …
  • … Dyer had been appointed assistant director at Kew in June 1875 (see letter from J. …
  • … D. Hooker, 20 June 1875 and n. 2). …
  • … Hooker visited Down on Saturday 31 July 1875 (see letter from J. …
  • … D. Hooker, [30 July 1875] ). Harriet Anne Hooker , Brian Harvey Hodgson Hooker , and …

To J. V. Carus   25 December 1875

Summary

Thanks for errata in Insectivorous plants.

Sends spare copies of his papers, but thinks several are not worth publishing.

Has only one copy, which he will lend JVC, of the best one, on "Erratic boulders of South America" [Collected papers 1: 145–63].

Has not sent "Parallel roads of Glen Roy" [Collected papers 1: 87–137], as he is sure he was wrong.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Julius Victor Carus
Date:  25 Dec 1875
Classmark:  Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Slg. Darmstaedter Lc 1859: Darwin, Charles, Bl. 137–138)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10323

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To J.  V.  Carus   25 December 1875
  • … Darwin, Charles, Bl. 137–138) Charles Robert Darwin Down 25 Dec 1875 Julius Victor Carus …
  • … See letter from J. V. Carus, 21 December 1875 , and letter to C. - …
  • … F. Reinwald, 26 December 1875 ). The German edition of Insectivorous plants was Carus …
  • … see letter to J. V. Carus, 7 February 1875 and n. 4), but they eventually appeared as part …
  • … a second-hand copy of the first edition (see letter to R. F. Cooke, 23 October [1875] ). …
  • … the fourth thousand (see letter from J. V. Carus, 21 December 1875 , nn. 3–11). See letter …
  • … from J. V. Carus, 21 December 1875 and n. 3. See letter …
  • … from J. V. Carus, 21 December 1875 and n. 6. See letter …
  • … from J. V. Carus, 21 December 1875 and n. 8. Eduard Koch , the head of E. Schweizerbart’ …
  • … see letter from J. V. Carus, 21 December 1875 ). Both these works had been published by …
  • … see letter from J. V. Carus, 21 December 1875 and n. 15). He did not include ‘Parallel …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875. Nicol, James. 1869. On the origin of the …
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Origin is 160; Darwin's 1875 letters now online

Summary

To mark the 160th anniversary of the publication of Origin of species, the full transcripts and footnotes of nearly 650 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1875 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1875…

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  • … of nearly 650 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1875 are published online for the first …
  • … it behaved in similar ways to the Drosera secretion. In 1875, Klein was a very controversial …
  • … I liked the man .’   Other highlights from the 1875 letters include: I am very …
  • … of my books.  ( Letter to R. F. Cooke, 29 June [1875] ) Darwin wrote this to his …
  • … new Editions .  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 August [1875] ) Darwin also completed …
  • … this possible  ( Letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January [1875] ) Agitation for a law …
  • … made false statements  ( Letter to John Lubbock, 8 April 1875 ) Relations between the …
  • … always succeeds  ( Letter to G. H. Darwin, 13 October [1875] ) Darwin wrote …
  • … help his father and brothers with scientific instruments: in 1875, he designed a hygrometer. …
  • … his great works ( Letter to A. B. Buckley, 23 February 1875 ) The year was saddened …
  • … in my time  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, [12 December 1875] ) In December, Darwin was …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

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  • … during his periods of severe illness. Yet on 15 January 1875 , Darwin confessed to his close …
  • … mouthpiece of ‘Jesuitical Rome’ ( Academy , 2 January 1875, pp. 16–17). ‘How grandly you have …
  • … again & again’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 16 January 1875 ). Darwin had also considered …
  • … learned of Klein’s testimony from Huxley on 30 October 1875 : ‘I declare to you I did not believe …
  • … carried out on live animals in laboratories. In January 1875, he received details of experiments by …
  • … printing an additional 250 ( letter to John Murray, 3 May 1875 ). In the event, the book …
  • … in a review of the book in the Academy , 24 July 1875, by Ellen Frances Lubbock: ‘in Utricularia …
  • … born (letter from E. F. Lubbock, [after 2 July] 1875).   Back over old ground …
  • … which I had long wished to see,’ he wrote on 21 April 1875 , ‘and now that I have seen it, I am …
  • … do a good deal of “hammering”,’ he wrote on 14 July 1875 . ‘I shall not let Pangenesis alone …
  • … his own theory of heredity in a series of articles in 1875 and 1876, based partly on his studies of …
  • … & more’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, [ c . February 1875?] ). By May, having finished …
  • … proofmaniac’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, 1 and 2 May [1875] ). But Francis also found …
  • … on astronomy, or the Duke of Wellington on art (Max Müller 1875, pp. 305–7). The debate between Max …
  • … researches (Carus trans. 1875b; the series is Carus trans. 1875–87). More controversial was the …
  • … Darwin wrote: ‘An anonymous compliment | received Feb 16th 1875’.   The great and the good …
  • … Insectivorous plants ( letter to D. F. Nevill, 15 July [1875] ). Such visitors from the upper …
  • … I can talk to anyone’ ( letter to John Lubbock, 3 May [1875] ). Finally it was arranged for the …
  • … of twining plants (letters from Lawson Tait, 16 March [1875] and 27 March [1875] ). ‘As I am …
  • … Nepenthes & will soon publish’, Darwin warned on 17 July 1875 . But Tait was undaunted. He …
  • … Thiselton-Dyer ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 7 July 1875 ). It was Thiselton-Dyer who …
  • … was appropriate for so distinguished a nominee. Already in 1875, Lankester had been elected a fellow …
  • … of Lyell’s failing health from Hooker in 1874 and January 1875. On 22 February, he was notified of …
  • … ‘high type’ ( letter from Woodward Emery, 17 September 1875 ).  …

Darwin and vivisection

Summary

Darwin played an important role in the controversy over vivisection that broke out in late 1874. Public debate was sparked when the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals brought an unsuccessful prosecution against a French physiologist who…

Matches: 17 hits

  • … the Trichinae’ (letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January [1875] ). Darwin also worried that any bill …
  • … their own petition (letter to T. H. Huxley, 14 January 1875 ). In the event, Darwin became …
  • … within Darwin’s family. In his letter of 14 January 1875 to Huxley, Darwin mentioned the effect …
  • … (letter from Emma Darwin to F. P. Cobbe, 14 January [1875] ). In the course of the public …
  • … to Huxley (letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 12 February 1875 ). Darwin was in London from 31 …
  • … sketch for a petition (letter from T. H. Huxley, [4 April 1875] ). This was evidently passed back …
  • … on 7 April (letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 7 April [1875] ), and circulating it to others in …
  • … were made (letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 10 April 1875 ), and another version was prepared …
  • … of Lords (see letter to J. S. Burdon Sanderson, [11 April 1875] ). He was still unsure whether …
  • … Royal Society of London (letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 April [1875] ). The next day he wrote to …
  • … else you think best’ (letter to E. H. Stanley, 15 April 1875 ). After further consultations, a …
  • … are evident in Darwin’s correspondence in April and May 1875. The initial petition (DAR …
  • … order of the clauses. In the revised sketch, dated 24 April 1875, the penalty for unlawful …
  • … at this alteration (letter from T. H. Huxley, 19 May 1875 , letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, …
  • … corrections had been made (letter to Lyon Playfair, 26 May 1875 , and letter from Lyon Playfair, …
  • … ( Hansard Parliamentary Debates , 3d ser., vol. 224 (1875), col. 794). A Royal Commission was a …
  • … the RSPCA. The commission met between 5 June and 15 December 1875, examining fifty-three witnesses, …

I never trusted Drosera: From E. F. Lubbock, [after 2 July] 1875

Summary

  Francis Neary has set his favourite letter to music (with additional vocals and bass by Deen Manning). The satirical verses were sent to Darwin by Ellen Frances Lubbock in 1875 after the publication of his book on insectivorous plants. They…

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  • … verses were sent to Darwin by Ellen Frances Lubbock in 1875 after the publication of his book on …

Animals, ethics, and the progress of science

Summary

Darwin’s view on the kinship between humans and animals had important ethical implications. In Descent, he argued that some animals exhibited moral behaviour and had evolved mental powers analogous to conscience. He gave examples of cooperation, even…

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  • … but inconclusive (see letter from G. J. Romanes, 14 July 1875 ). Eventually Romanes, who had …
  • … physiologists’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 18 July 1875 ). Darwin was concerned that the method be …
  • … let loose from hell’ ( letter to F. B. Cobbe, [14 January 1875] ). Darwin’s involvement in …
  • … position most frankly in a letter to Henrietta, 4 January [1875] . I have long thought …
  • … present agitation. ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January [1875] ) Darwin worked closely …
  • … death in this country. ( letter To T. H. Huxley, 14 January 1875 ) Legislation was passed …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … on this subject. ( To J. V. Carus   7 February 1875 ). In fact, Darwin had planned a new set of …
  • … fact seems to me all important.’ ( To Asa Gray, 30 May [1875] ). In earlier papers on plants with …
  • … any material aid to plants in fertilization?’ (Meehan 1875) prompted Darwin to inform him that he …
  • … to plants to intercross’ ( To Thomas Meehan, 3 October 1875 ). Hermann Müller had also read Meehan …
  • … obscure this matter’ ( From Hermann Müller, 23 October 1875 ). The Italian botanists were …
  • … plants that crossing was of little importance (Pedicino 1875; Comes 1875). Darwin was philosophical, …
  • … Kölreuter’s papers’ ( To Hermann Müller, 26 October 1875 ). Darwin’s copy of Johann Kölreuter’s …
  • … in the conditions’ ( To Ernst Haeckel, 13 November 1875 ). He added on a darker note, ‘What I …
  • … papers in the same book ( To J. V. Carus, 25 December 1875 ). As Darwin continued to write …

Language: key letters

Summary

How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

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  • … 10194: Max Müller, Friedrich to Darwin, C. R., 13 Oct [1875] For Müller, human and animal …
  • … Letter 9887: Dawkins, W. B. to Darwin, C. R., 14 Mar 1875 The relationship between language …

Thomas Burgess

Summary

As well as its complement of sailors, the Beagle also carried a Royal Marine sergeant and seven marines, one of whom was Thomas Burgess. When the Beagle set sail he was twenty one, having been born in October 1810 to Israel and Hannah Burgess of Lancashire…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … about him again until he opened a letter from him in March 1875 . It was written from Rainow, a …

Movement in Plants

Summary

The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…

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  • … preparing a second edition, which eventually appeared in 1875. In the same year, Darwin published a …
  • … in a single volume ( letter to J. V. Carus, 7 February 1875 ). While  Climbing plants  focused …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

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  • … sketch showing his system of selection,  21 May 1875 J. G. Joyce's report of …

4.34 'Punch', Sambourne cartoon 1

Summary

< Back to Introduction Linley Sambourne’s cartoon in Punch, a ‘Suggested Illustration’ for Darwin’s forthcoming book on The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants (1875) is another playful transformation of the author into an ape or monkey. However,…

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  • … book on The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants (1875) is another playful transformation of …
  • … forms. A writer in the Gardeners’ Chronicle in March 1875 remarked that Darwin had ‘invested …
  • … Sambourne 
 date of creation December 1875 
 computer-readable date …
  • … references and bibliography Punch vol. 69 (11 December 1875), p. 242. Gardeners’ Chronicle …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time.  And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth.  All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … vol. 23, letter from Ernst von Hesse-Wartegg, 20 September 1875 ). He began to compile an account …
  • … end of the previous year. He had been incensed in December 1875 when the zoologist Edwin Ray …
  • … The controversial issue had occupied Darwin for much of 1875. In January 1876, a Royal Commission …
  • … to Insectivorous plants , which was published in July 1875, with a US edition published later …
  • … in February 1876 (despite bearing a publication date of 1875), Darwin must have been gratified by …
  • … Darwin, who had communicated the paper to the society in 1875 at Tait’s request, with the ‘awful job …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … not retract his criticism in his own second edition (Dana 1875, p. 274). Descent …
  • … (Correspondence vol. 23, from J. D. Hooker, 3 January [1875] ), preferring to attack Mivart in …
  • … Anthropogenie  in the  Academy   (2 January 1875; see Appendix V, pp. 644–5) . The affair …
  • … wrote a polite, very formal letter to Mivart on 12 January 1875 , refusing to hold any future …
  • … and a second French edition was published in January 1875 ( letter from C.-F. Reinwald , 4 February …

Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions

Summary

Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...

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  • … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …

Climbing Plants

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A monograph by which to work After the publication of On the Origin of Species, Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, The Descent of Man, and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals in…

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  • … expressed. The paper was little noticed, but when in 1875 it was corrected and published as a …
  • … Letter 10214 - Darwin to T. H. Huxley, 23 October 1875 Darwin writes to his good …

Vivisection: Darwin's testimony to the Royal Commission

Summary

Wednesday, 3rd November 1875. Mr. Charles Darwin called in and examined. 4661. (Chairman.) We are very sensible of your kindness in coming at some sacrifice to yourself to express your opinions to the Commission. We attribute it to the great…

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  • … Wednesday, 3rd November 1875. Mr. Charles Darwin called in and examined. …

Vivisection: first sketch of the bill

Summary

Strictly Confidential Mem: This print is only a first sketch. It is being now recast with a new & more simple form – but the substance of the proposed measure may be equally well seen in this draft. R.B.L. | 2 586 Darwin and vivisection …

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  • … cited for all purposes as “The Experiments on Animals Act, 1875.” SCHEDULE. …
  • … under the provisions of “The Experiments on Animals Act, 1875,” empowering me to make experiments on …
  • … under the provisions of the Experiments on Animals Act, 1875, that the above-named M.N. is enaged in …
  • … under the provisions of the Experiments on Animals Act, 1875, accompanied by Certificate, such as is …

1.6 Ouless oil portrait

Summary

< Back to Introduction The first commissioned oil portrait of Darwin was painted by Walter William Ouless, who was given sittings at Down House in March 1875. The idea for such a portrait came from Darwin’s son William, who as far back as 1872 had…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Ouless, who was given sittings at Down House in March 1875. The idea for such a portrait came from …
  • … the resulting picture was shown at the Royal Academy in May 1875, the Times reviewer noted …
  • … Walter William Ouless 
 date of creation March 1875 
 computer-readable date …
  • … and letter from Charles Darwin to Joseph Hooker, 30 March [1875], DCP-LETT-9905. ‘The Royal Academy’ …

St George Jackson Mivart

Summary

In the second half of 1874, Darwin’s peace was disturbed by an anonymous article in the Quarterly Review suggesting that his son George was opposed to the institution of marriage and in favour of ‘unrestrained licentiousness’. Darwin suspected, correctly,…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … to an end. The dispute was not resolved until early 1875, and, even then, not to Darwin’s complete …
  • … from J. D. Hooker, 29 December 1874 ). By January 1875, Mivart had still not made any …
  • … book Anthropogenie , in the Academy , 2 January 1875. ‘Possessed by a blind animosity against …
  • … (Mivart was a Catholic convert.) On 12 January 1875 , Darwin finally wrote to Mivart, …
  • … article in a letter published in the Academy , 16 January 1875, p. 66, signed, ‘The Quarterly …

Insectivorous Plants

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Plants that consume insects Darwin began his work with insectivorous plants in the mid 1860s, though his findings would not be published until 1875. In his autobiography Darwin reflected on the delay that…

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  • … mid 1860s, though his findings would not be published until 1875. In his autobiography Darwin …
  • … 1 The resulting volume, Insectivorous Plants (1875), was one in a series of works in which …
  • … SOURCES Books Darwin, Charles. 1875. Insectivorous Plants. London: John …
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