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To W. T. Thiselton-Dyer   4 April 1874

Summary

Wants some plants for observation and for experimentation on their powers of movement.

Asks WTT-D to make observations on plants with sensitive stamens or pistil.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:  4 Apr 1874
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Thiselton-Dyer, W. T., Letters from Charles Darwin 1873–81: 5–6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9387

Matches: 11 hits

  • … Dyer, W. T. , Letters from Charles Darwin 1873–81: 5–6) Charles Robert Darwin Down 4 Apr …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, 30 October [1873] ). CD had …
  • … Acacia farnesiana from Kew in October 1873 (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Outwards book , …
  • … on leaves in his letter to CD of 14 August 1873 ( Correspondence vol.  21; see also letter …
  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, 20 December [1873] ). …
  • … the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 31 October 1873 ( Correspondence vol.  21). The list has not …
  • … to the book ( Correspondence vol.  21, letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 30 August 1873 ). CD …
  • … ordered plants from George Rollisson in 1873 (see Correspondence vol.  21, letters to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 18 October [1873] and …
  • … 3 November [1873] ). Stapelia is a genus of stem succulent plants; most are native to …
  • … lusitanicum (Portuguese sundew or dewy pine) in 1873 ( Correspondence vol.  21, letter to …

From Hubert Airy   8 January 1874

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Summary

W. J. Beal’s paper ["Phyllotaxis of cones", Am. Nat. 7 (1873): 449–53] shows incompleteness of HA’s theory, but does not invalidate his basic principles on origin of leaf arrangement or the broad applicability of the theory.

Author:  Hubert Airy
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  8 Jan 1874
Classmark:  DAR 159: 28
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9232

Matches: 9 hits

  • … s paper ["Phyllotaxis of cones", Am. Nat. 7 (1873): 449–53] shows incompleteness of HA’s …
  • … Bibliography Airy, Hubert. 1873. On leaf-arrangement. Abstract. …
  • … by Charles Darwin. [Read 27 February 1873. ] Proceedings of the Royal Society of London …
  • … Read 30 April 1874. ] Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 22 (1873–4): 298–307. …
  • … Beal, William James. 1873. Phyllotaxis of cones. American Naturalist 7: 449–53. …
  • … CD had lent Airy the August 1873 issue of American Naturalist ; it contained William James …
  • … were necessarily excluded by the geometry of the case ( Beal 1873 , p.  451). For Beal’s …
  • … patterns in cones from five different tree species, see Beal 1873 , pp.  451–2. Airy’s …
  • … leaf arrangement) was published in H.  Airy 1873 ; he corrected and extended his theory in …

To Nature   11 February [1874]

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Summary

Prefaces Fritz Müller’s observations on termites and stingless bees [see 9281].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Nature
Date:  11 Feb [1874]
Classmark:  Nature, 19 February 1874, pp. 308–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9283

Matches: 8 hits

  • … Bibliography Müller, Fritz. 1873–5. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Termiten. I. Die …
  • … to the first three parts of F.  Müller 1873–5 , published in Jenaische Zeitschrift für …
  • … running series, ‘Fertilisation of flowers by insects’, in Nature ( H.  Müller 1873–7 ). …
  • … 63; 9 (1875): 241–64. Müller, Hermann. 1873–7. On the fertilisation of flowers by insects …
  • … and on the reciprocal adaptations of both. Nature , 3 July 1873, pp. …
  • … 187–9; 10 July 1873, pp. …
  • … 205–6; 25 September 1873, pp. …
  • … 433–5; 20 November 1873, pp. 44–6; 1 January 1874, pp. 164–6; 18 June 1874, pp. 129–30; 12 …

To Williams & Norgate   13 April [1874]

Summary

Asks correspondent to obtain odd numbers of Flora.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Williams & Norgate
Date:  13 Apr [1874]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.440)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9406

Matches: 5 hits

  • … the book is not very expensive I w d have if necessary the whole vol.  for the year 1873. …
  • … Bibliography Batalin, Alexander Fedorovich. 1873. Ueber die Ursachen der periodischen …
  • … I very much want no rs . 28 & 29 of the year 1873. Or if necessary half a volume for the …
  • … 28 and 29 of the German journal Flora (1873) contained a two-part article by the Russian …
  • … on nyctitropism in leaves ( Batalin 1873 ). CD’s annotated copy with a separate sheet of …

From J. D. Hooker   20 January 1874

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Summary

An awful row at the Linnean Society. William Carruthers and Co. packed a meeting to throw out a decision of the Council. He was beaten by one vote (more than two-thirds majority needed).

Spent two hours with Lyell talking about Thomas Belt’s book [The naturalist in Nicaragua (1874)]: "the tropical old Glaciers beat the seance I do think".

Lyell agrees that the glacial epoch is the great geological crux of the day. Lowering of the ocean level must also be investigated.

Curious about A. C. Ramsay’s paper coming at Royal Society on 29th ["On the comparative value of certain geological ages", Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 22 (1874): 145–8].

Huxley’s new book [? Critiques and addresses (1873)].

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Jan 1874
Classmark:  DAR 103: 187–8
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9250

Matches: 9 hits

  • … R. Soc. Lond. 22 (1874): 145–8]. Huxley’s new book [? Critiques and addresses (1873)]. …
  • … Henry Huxley’s most recent book was Critiques and addresses ( T.  H.  Huxley 1873 ). …
  • … It was published in May 1873 ( Publishers’ circular , …
  • … 16 May 1873, p.  338). …
  • … president of the Royal Society on 30 November 1873; Huxley was a secretary of the society …
  • … of the Royal Society of London ). In 1873, Huxley had suffered a breakdown from overwork …
  • … of the Linnean Society of London 86 (1873–4): xi–xiii). Two of the alterations to the …
  • … Academic Press. Huxley, Thomas Henry. 1873. Critiques and addresses. London: Macmillan. …
  • … of the Royal Society of London 22 (1873–4): 334–43. Record of the Royal Society of …

From J. D. Hooker   24 March 1874

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Summary

"Half an answer" to CD’s query on visit of Sphinx to Hedychium gardnerianum.

Business affairs and family ill health keep him busy.

G. J. Allman will succeed Bentham as President of Linnean Society. Busk has refused.

Huxley is well.

JDH has indoctrinated Sir Stafford Northcote with his merits.

Lyell frail.

Old J. E. Gray goes on publishing.

"Is not [Thomas] Belt splendid!"

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  24 Mar 1874
Classmark:  DAR 103: 195–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9371

Matches: 12 hits

  • … Galton’s article on hereditary improvement ( Galton 1873 ) was published in Frazer’ …
  • … s Magazine in January 1873. For CD’s opinion of this article, see …
  • … 21, letter to Francis Galton, 4 January [1873] . Dorothy Fanny Nevill employed thirty-four …
  • … 66: 69–88. [Moulton, John Fletcher. ] 1873. Herbert Spencer. British Quarterly Review 58: …
  • … time F.  Galtons article in Frazer (Jany 1873) on the advisability of securing a race of …
  • … of the Linnean Society of London (1873–4): xxxii), but did not give the presidential …
  • … Henry Huxley’s breakdown in health in 1873, his friends had presented him with a sum of …
  • … 21, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [6 April 1873] ; L.  Huxley ed.  1900, 1: 390–6). Charles …
  • … lists forty-five articles by Gray in 1873. Hooker refers to Thomas Belt’s The naturalist …
  • … a metamorphic rock. Herbert Spencer’s article ( Spencer 1873 ) was a reply to an anonymous …
  • … by John Fletcher Moulton ( [Moulton] 1873 ) of the second edition of Spencer’s First …
  • … proof of the laws of motion ( [Moulton] 1873 , pp.  448–501; see also Harman ed.  1990– …

To J. D. Hooker   25 March [1874]

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Summary

Thanks for information about Hedychium. Hopes wings of Sphinx will be found covered with pollen for that will be a fine bit of prophecy from the structure of a flower to special and new means of fertilisation.

Has been at Descent so hard he has done nothing, not even H. Spencer’s answer.

Has not yet read Croll ["Ocean currents", London Edinburgh & Dublin Philos. Mag. 47 (1874): 94–122, 168–90].

Has heard nothing about Carter and Eozoon. Eozoon, he infers, is done for.

Has read Belt [The naturalist in Nicaragua (1874)]: best of all natural history travel books.

Has written to Fritz Müller about leaf-carrying ants.

Hopes to resume work on Drosera.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  25 Mar [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 95: 317–19
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9372

Matches: 10 hits

  • … Emma Darwin to H.  E.  Litchfield, [24] April 1873 (DAR 219.9: 101), and the letter from …
  • … Emma Darwin to Horace Darwin, [25 April 1873] (DAR 258: 574)). CD also refers to Horace …
  • … Murray. 1875. [Moulton, John Fletcher. ] 1873. Herbert Spencer. British Quarterly Review …
  • … of Descent since the end of November 1873 (see Correspondence vol.  21, Appendix II). See …
  • … proof of the laws of motion ( Spencer 1873 ). John Fletcher Moulton , in an anonymous …
  • … without experimental evidence ( [Moulton] 1873 ). Spencer discussed ‘physical truths’ in …
  • … a waxy substance called bloom) in August 1873 (see Correspondence vol.  21, letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 13 August 1873  and n.  2). He carried out experiments to compare the effects …
  • … but had come to a halt in November 1873 owing to shortage of time (see Correspondence …
  • … 21, letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 25 November 1873  and n.  4). CD had spent the first three …

From C.-F. Reinwald   17 January 1874

Summary

French translation of Expression sent for CD’s approval.

Author:  Charles-Ferdinand Reinwald
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Jan 1874
Classmark:  DAR 176: 101
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9245

Matches: 8 hits

  • … from C.  F.  Reinwald, 4 March 1873 . CD’s copy of Moulinié trans.  1872  has not been …
  • … editions of Origin ( Moulinié trans.  1873 ), Variation ( Moulinié trans.  1868 ), and …
  • … Pozzi was assisted by René Benoît from around May 1873 (see Correspondence vol.   …
  • … 21, letter from Samuel Jean Pozzi, 11 May 1873) . Edmond …
  • … Barbier was employed by Reinwald in March 1873, after Moulinié’s death, in order to …
  • … the second French edition ( Moulinié trans.  1873–4 ). See Correspondence vol.  21, letter …
  • … Cie. Moulinié, Jean Jacques, trans. 1873–4. La descendance de l’homme et la sélection …
  • … Reinwald & Cie. Moulinié, Jean Jacques, trans. 1873. L’origine des espèces au moyen de la …

To J. D. Hooker   7 [April 1874]

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Summary

C. V. Riley’s case of Pronuba moth and the fertilisation of Yucca, is the most wonderful case of fertilisation ever published [Am. Nat. 7 (1873): 619–23].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  7 [Apr 1874]
Classmark:  DAR 95: 321
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9395

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Bibliography Riley, Charles Valentine. 1873. On the oviposition of the Yucca moth. …
  • … is the most wonderful case of fertilisation ever published [ Am. Nat. 7 (1873): 619–23]. …
  • … House, and by the reference to Riley 1873 (see nn.  2 and 3, below). Charles Valentine …
  • … of the yucca moth Pronuba yuccasella (now Tegeticula yuccasella ), in Riley 1873 . …
  • … An offprint of Riley 1873  is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL, and is annotated by …

From Robert Swinhoe   14 January 1874

Summary

Wants CD to propose him for the Royal Society.

Author:  Robert Swinhoe
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Jan 1874
Classmark:  DAR 177: 337
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9242

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Society of London in January 1874 ( Swinhoe 1873 ; Morning Post , 23 January 1874, p. 6). …
  • … index. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2004. Swinhoe, Robert. 1873. On the white stork …
  • … of Japan. [Read 20 May 1873. ] Proceedings …
  • … of the Zoological Society of London (1873): 512–14. …
  • … boyciana ) was described by Swinhoe in 1873; these two were presented to the Zoological …

From W. T. Goodale   11 February 1874

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Summary

Asks CD if he can reconcile a passage in Mark Hopkins’ Outline study of man [1873] with the theory of development.

Author:  Walter Temple Goodale
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Feb 1874
Classmark:  DAR 165: 72
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9282

Matches: 4 hits

  • … a passage in Mark Hopkins’ Outline study of man [1873] with the theory of development. …
  • … refers to Mark Hopkins and Hopkins 1873 . Hopkins had been the president of Bowdoin …
  • … 1872. The quotation is from Mark Hopkins 1873 , pp.  45–6. Goodale refers to ‘Climbing …
  • … Botany ) 9 (1867): 1–118. Hopkins, Mark. 1873. An outline study of man; or, the body and …

From Hubert Airy   13 March 1874

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Summary

Has rewritten paper on leaf arrangement after criticism by Royal Society referees. Has found new factor influencing leaf arrangement, i.e., spontaneous variability in the number of vertical leaf-ranks.

Author:  Hubert Airy
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Mar 1874
Classmark:  DAR 159: 29
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9357

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Bibliography Airy, Hubert. 1873. On leaf-arrangement. Abstract. …
  • … by Charles Darwin. [Read 27 February 1873. ] Proceedings of the Royal Society of London …
  • … of the Royal Society of London 22 (1873–4): 298–307. Correspondence : The correspondence …
  • … 21, letter from Hubert Airy, 7 December 1873 , and this volume, letter from Hubert Airy, …
  • … from Hubert Airy, 26 [September–November 1873] ), but an abstract had been published ( …
  • … H. Airy 1873 ). CD did communicate Airy’s revised paper to the Royal Society. It was read …

From Anton Dohrn   6 April 1874

Summary

His gratitude for CD’s gift. An account of his difficulties with the Zoological Station and his health.

F. M. Balfour has told him that CD would like to see the question of complemental males in cirripedes studied again. AD would like to enter the field and to study the whole morphological development of cirripedes.

Describes the interest in embryological work in Russia and Germany.

Author:  Felix Anton (Anton) Dohrn
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 162: 214
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9394

Matches: 10 hits

  • … vol.  21, letter from Anton Dohrn, 7 June 1873 ). Among the first visitors to the station …
  • … London: John Murray. Karl Baedeker (Firm). 1873. Italy. Handbook for travellers. Part …
  • … Leipzig: Leopold Voss. John Murray (Firm). 1873. Handbook for travellers in southern …
  • … my forces since the beginning of the year 1873 caused a great many difficulties to grow up …
  • … males’ in a letter to Nature , 20 September [1873] ( Correspondence vol.  21). For Dohrn’s …
  • … vol.  21, letter from Anton Dohrn, 7 June 1873  and nn.  11 and 12. On the work of …
  • … 21, letter from Anton Dohrn, 7 June 1873  and nn.  15 and 16. Dohrn refers to Alexander …
  • … in southern Italy; the most recent editions were John Murray (Firm) ed.  1873 and Karl …
  • … Baedeker (Firm) 1873 . See also letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 6 March 1874  and n.   …
  • … in southern Italy ( John Murray (Firm) 1873 ) has been found; however, a revised edition …

To Ludwig Rütimeyer   20 February 1874

Summary

Thanks for LR’s essay on living and fossil turtles [Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchâtel 9 (1873): 439–41].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Karl Ludwig (Ludwig) Rütimeyer
Date:  20 Feb 1874
Classmark:  Universitätsbibliothek Basel, Handschriften (G IV 91, 6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9306

Matches: 3 hits

  • … s essay on living and fossil turtles [ Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchâtel 9 (1873): 439–41]. …
  • … Bibliography Rütimeyer, Ludwig. 1873. Ueber den Bau von Schale und Schädel bei lebenden …
  • … There is an inscribed copy of Rütimeyer 1873  in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL.  The …

To W. T. Thiselton-Dyer   28 [June 1874]

Summary

Must stop work on "bloom" and leaf movements if he is ever to get anything published on Drosera, etc.

Sends thanks for seeds. Encloses memorandum in case WTT-D wishes to communicate information to Royal Horticultural Society. Has not time to prepare article.

Discusses condition of plants borrowed from Kew.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:  28 [June 1874]
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Thiselton-Dyer, W. T., Letters from Charles Darwin 1873–81: 19–22)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9571

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Dyer, W. T. , Letters from Charles Darwin 1873–81: 19–22) Charles Robert Darwin Abinger …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, [1  November 1873] and nn.  3 and 4). Epiphytic species of Utricularia ( …
  • … see Correspondence vol.  21, letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 12  September [1873] and …
  • … 24 November 1873 ; see also letter to Fritz Müller, 14 May 1877 ( Calendar no.  10960; ML …
  • … albida and Acacia farnesiana in November 1873 (see Correspondence vol.  21, letter from …
  • … water sprayed onto various specimens since 1873 as part of his research into movement in …

From T. L. Brunton   2 November [1874]

Summary

CD may keep the photograph of "the holy Mary of Egypt". TLB may have been led away by his imagination in thinking that one side of the face expressed repentance and the other devout joy.

Comments on David Ferrier’s observations on electrical stimulation of the brain. Extent of response relates to intensity of stimulus.

Crichton-Browne’s observations on the asymmetry of convolutions on the two sides of the brains of maniacs.

Author:  Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1st baronet
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Nov [1874]
Classmark:  DAR 160: 342
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9705

Matches: 8 hits

  • … Humphrey Milford. 1928–95. Ferrier, David. 1873. Experimental researches in cerebral …
  • … produced movement in the ears ( Ferrier 1873 , pp.  42–4). Crichton-Browne was medical …
  • … from James Crichton-Browne, 16 April 1873  and n.  2). Ernest Abraham Hart , a medical …
  • … now considered to be St Agnes) in December 1873 (see Correspondence vol.  21, letter from …
  • … T.  L.  Brunton, 2 December 1873  and n.  2). CD evidently tested Brunton’s reading of the …
  • … physiology and pathology’ ( Ferrier 1873 , p.  46). CD had first heard of Ferrier’s …
  • … see Correspondence vol.  21, letter from James Crichton-Browne, 16 April 1873  and n.  2). …
  • … Ferrier’s paper ( Ferrier 1873 ), published in the West Riding Lunatic Asylum Medical …

From T. H. Huxley   6 March 1874

Summary

Has heard from Dohrn about his financial problems. Asks CD’s advice on what to do.

THH’s article in Contemporary Review ["Universities: actual and ideal" (1874), Collected essays, vol. 3 (1894)].

Author:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Mar 1874
Classmark:  DAR 103: 193–4; Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine (Huxley: 13.256, 13.258)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9336

Matches: 10 hits

  • … Springer Verlag. John Murray (Firm). 1873. Handbook for travellers in southern Italy. 7th …
  • … London: John Murray. Karl Baedeker (Firm). 1873. Italy. Handbook for travellers. Part …
  • … aquarium to be opened at the Villa Reale in 1873 as part of the Zoological Station founded …
  • … A handbook for travellers in Southern Italy , published in London by Murray in 1873 ( John …
  • … Murray (Firm) 1873 ), made no mention of the aquarium or Zoological Station; it was not …
  • … 21, letter from T.  H.  Huxley to Anton Dohrn, 15 November 1873 , and letter from T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 3 December 1873 ). In his letter (see enclosure), Dohrn told Huxley that his …
  • … 21, letter from F.  M.  Balfour, 11 November 1873 ). Huxley’s inaugural address (see n.   …
  • … published in the Contemporary Review 23 (1873–4): 657–79, in March 1874. Huxley’s death …
  • … s handbook to Southern Italy ( Karl Baedeker (Firm) 1873 , p.  77), mentioned that the …

From J. T. Moggridge   11 June 1874

Summary

Charles Martins has given the first Darwinian lectures on zoology at Montpellier.

Joseph Duval-Jouve is also a Darwinian. The latter has lost his position as Inspector of the Academy because of his liberal views.

Wallace suggests that a trap-door spider with an exposed nest preys on nocturnal insects.

Author:  John Traherne Moggridge
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 June 1874
Classmark:  DAR 171: 225
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9488

Matches: 7 hits

  • … spiders appeared shortly before his death in November 1874 ( Moggridge 1873  and 1874). …
  • … 21, letter from C.  F.  Martins, 23 June 1873 ). Quant à ça il m’a fallu des menagements : …
  • … in France ( Duval- Jouve 1864 ). Moggridge had published on trapdoor spiders in 1873 ( …
  • … Moggridge 1873 ; see also Correspondence vol.  21, letter from J.   …
  • … T.  Moggridge, 12 July 1873 ). Nemesia caementaria is a trapdoor spider common in southern …
  • … described three types of nest in Moggridge 1873  and a further three in Moggridge 1874 . …
  • … 2d ser. 6: 167–82. Moggridge, John Traherne. 1873. Harvesting ants and trap-door spiders: …

From T. H. Huxley   14 April 1874

Summary

Sends his screed about the brain [for Descent], which he thinks pounds the enemy into a jelly.

Is in good health.

Author:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 103: 198–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9409

Matches: 3 hits

  • … s physician (see Correspondence vol.  21, letter to G.  H.  Darwin, [ 3 April 1873] ). …
  • … Bischoff 1868 , Lucae 1865 , and Lucae 1873 . Christoph Theodor Aeby , Theodore Ludwig …
  • … Winter. Lucae, Johann Christian Gustav. 1873. Affen- und Menschenschädel im Bau und …

To G. H. Darwin   30 January [1874?]

Summary

Returns and sends comments on Clarke Hawkshaw’s essay ‘The persistence of forms of life in the depths of the sea’.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  30 Jan [1874?]
Classmark:  DAR 185: 152
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7466F

Matches: 11 hits

  • … of which appeared on 18 September 1873 (see n. 6, below). The enclosure is headed: ‘ …
  • … Co. Thomson, Charles Wyville. 1873d. Notes from the ‘Challenger’. Nature , 8 May 1873, pp. …
  • … 28–30; 15 May 1873, pp. …
  • … 51–3; 5 June 1873, pp. …
  • … 109–10; 10 July 1873, pp. …
  • … 246–9; 31 July 1873, pp. …
  • … 266–7; 28 August 1873, pp. …
  • … 347–9; 18 September 1873, pp. 400–3. …
  • … by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–1876. In Report of the scientific results of …
  • … of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology. Volume I . London: Her Majesty’s …
  • … in Nature between 8 May and 18 September 1873 ( C. W. Thomson 1873b ). This is one of a …
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Darwin's in letters, 1873: Animal or vegetable?

Summary

Having laboured for nearly five years on human evolution, sexual selection, and the expression of emotions, Darwin was able to devote 1873 almost exclusively to his beloved plants. He resumed work on the digestive powers of sundews and Venus fly traps, and…

Matches: 31 hits

  • … and the expression of emotions, Darwin was able to devote 1873 almost exclusively to his beloved …
  • … A large portion of the letters Darwin received in 1873 were in response to  The expression of the …
  • … to have observed” ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 January [1873] ).  Drosera  was the main focus of …
  • … leaf & branch!” ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 12 January 1873 ). Darwin found that the …
  • … copy of the  Handbook for the physiological laboratory  (1873), a detailed guide to animal …
  • … Darwin’s other main focus of botanical investigation in 1873 was cross- and self-fertilisation, work …
  • … & correlated” ( letter to T. H. Farrer, 14 August 1873 ). Darwin worried, however, that …
  • … when it will be ready” ( letter to John Murray, 4 May [1873] ). Keeping it in the family …
  • … their burrows” ( letter from Francis Darwin, 14 August [1873] ). In September, Darwin …
  • … will be created” ( letter to E. A. Darwin, 20 September 1873 ). Erasmus, who had studied medicine …
  • … work” ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 25 September [1873] ).  Shortly afterwards, it was arranged for …
  • … 1872 and sold quickly. He wrote to Hooker on 12 January [1873] , “Did I ever boast to you on the …
  • … anonymously in the  Edinburgh Review  in April ([Baynes] 1873). Darwin asked one of his Scottish …
  • … before hand” ( letter to George Cupples, 28 April [1873] ). Readers' lives …
  • … letter from L. M. Forster to H. E. Litchfield, 20 February 1873 ). The surgeon Francis Stephen …
  • … ( letter to F. S. B. F. de Chaumont, 3 February [1873] ). Some readers proposed alternative …
  • … that accompanied sexual intercourse? (letter from ?, [1873?]). The Scottish physician William Main …
  • … with the reverse—” ( letter from William Main, 2 April 1873 ). The zoologist Henry Reeks suspected …
  • … and good breeding ( letter from Henry Reeks, 3 March 1873 ). Robert Swinhoe wrote from Ning …
  • … a second dose” ( letter from Robert Swinhoe, 26 March 1873 ). One of the leading …
  • … the jaws” ( letter from James Crichton-Browne, 16 April 1873 ). Crichton-Browne was trying …
  • … the disease ( letter to James Crichton-Browne, 30 December 1873 ). Instinct  In …
  • … to its offspring ( letter from J. T. Moggridge, 1 February 1873 ). Darwin soon became …
  • … shops ( letter to  Nature , [before 13 February 1873] ). Huggins’s letter prompted replies from …
  • … to  Nature  ( letter to  Nature , [before 13 March 1873] ) about a horse who had pulled a mail …
  • … with his finger ( letter to  Nature , [before 3 April 1873] ). Moggridge suggested the …
  • … fellow species” ( letter to  Nature , [before 24 July 1873] ). Character and genius …
  • … as “utopian” ( letter to Francis Galton, 4 January [1873] ). Continuing the line of research he …
  • … money very well” ( letter to Francis Galton, 28 May 1873 ). Among character traits, he listed …
  • … honest & industrious” ( letter to Francis Galton, 28 May 1873 ). Supporting science, …
  • … father ( enclosure to letter from T. H. Huxley, 3 December 1873 ).  In April, Darwin also …

All Darwin's letters from 1873 go online for the anniversary of Origin

Summary

To celebrate the 158th anniversary of the publication of Origin of species on 24 November, the full transcripts and footnotes of over 500 letters from and to Charles Darwin in 1873 are now available online. Read about Darwin's life in 1873 through his…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … of over 500 letters from and to Charles Darwin in 1873 are now available online. We have also …
  • … Here are some highlights from Darwin's correspondence in 1873: I do not think any …
  • … in Drosera.  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 23 October [1873] ) In 1873, Darwin continued …
  • … work to do  ( Letter to E. A. Darwin, 20 September 1873 ) As well as working on …
  • … of them sold!  ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 January [1873] ) Expression of the …
  • … brother.  ( Letter to T. H. Huxley, 23 April 1873 ) Darwin wrote this to Thomas …
  • … and marvellous  ( Letter to Francis Galton, 28 May 1873 ) Darwin was invited to …

Charles Harrison Blackley

Summary

You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Darwin was very interested in hay fever. On 14 June [1873] he wrote to Blackley to thank him for …
  • … Aestivus (hay-fever or hay-asthma). And on   5 July 1873 Darwin wrote again, saying:  ‘The …
  • … in every direction. (Letter to C. H. Blackley, 5 July [1873] ) Blackley wrote back …
  • … regions of the atmosphere.  Blackley wrote on 7 July 1873 that his high altitude experiments had …
  • … remained elusive.   He wrote to Darwin on 11 July 1873 : The problem of cure has still …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 14 hits

  • … 5 December 1871 ). When Darwin began writing in February 1873, he asked Hooker for names of …
  • … system to follow ( To J. D. Hooker, 17 February 1873 ). Despite also working on experiments with …
  • … with this & get it published’ ( To Asa Gray, 11 March [1873] ). In April 1873, the …
  • … Translators, Reviewers, &c.’ ( To John Murray, 4 May [1873] ). In reply to his German …
  • … when it will be published’ ( To J. V. Carus, 8 May [1873] ). Hermann Müller also wrote from …
  • … my further working’ ( From Hermann Müller, 10 June 1873 ). Darwin, in turn, had found Müller’s …
  • … them by different routes’ ( To Hermann Müller, 30 May 1873 ). Although Darwin had completed a …
  • … must turn to the vegetable kingdom’ In June 1873, Delpino informed Darwin that …
  • … to avoid crossing ( From Federico Delpino, 18 June 1873 ). Darwin was intrigued. ‘I am very glad …
  • … Bees’, he told Delpino ( To Federico Delpino, 25 June [1873] ). Darwin’s suspicion that sweet peas …
  • … his crossing experiments through the early summer, by August 1873, Darwin decided to shift focus …
  • … effects of Interbreeding’ ( To J. V. Carus, 2 August [1873] ). In September, Darwin wrote a …
  • … conditions of life’ ( To  Nature , 20 September [1873] ). Just as the free-swimming barnacle …
  • … of their parents’ ( To Fritz Müller, 25 September 1873 ). But by March 1874, some doubts seemed to …

Your letter eternalized before us: From N. D. Doedes, 27 March 1873

Summary

  Geoff Belknap looks at his favourite set of letters between two Dutch student fans of Darwin and the photographs they exchanged with each other.

Matches: 1 hits

  • …   Geoff Belknap looks at his favourite set of letters between two Dutch …

Frank Chance

Summary

The Darwin archive not only contains letters, manuscript material, photographs, books and articles but also all sorts of small, dry specimens, mostly enclosed with letters. Many of these enclosures have become separated from the letters or lost altogether,…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … However, while footnoting a second letter from Chance in 1873, a discovery was made.  This letter …
  • … (Letter from Frank Chance, 31 July–7 August 1873 ) The pony hair turned up in the …
  • … son William’s house near Southampton on 10 August [1873] . William had followed up on a similar …

Darwin and religion: a definitive web resource

Summary

I am aware that if we admit a first cause, the mind still craves to know whence it came and how it arose.  Charles Darwin to N. D. Doedes, 2 April 1873 Darwin is more famous, and more notorious than ever. Nowhere is this more evident than in the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • …   Charles Darwin to N. D. Doedes, 2 April 1873 Darwin is more famous, and more …

Francis Galton

Summary

Galton was a naturalist, statistician, and evolutionary theorist. He was a second cousin of Darwin’s, having descended from his grandfather, Erasmus. Born in Birmingham in 1822, Galton studied medicine at King’s College, London, and also read mathematics…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … including photography, anthropometry, and fingerprinting. In 1873, he proposed founding a society to …
  • … difficult to judge on these latter heads” ( 4 January [1873] ). Like most of his contemporaries, …
  • … particular inherited talents, except for business ( 28 May 1873 ). Galton grew increasingly …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … Andrew Clark, whom he had been consulting since August 1873. Darwin had originally thought that …
  • … had suggested a new edition of the coral book in December 1873, when he realised the difficulty a …
  • …  vol. 21, letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 17 December [1873] ). Darwin himself had some trouble …
  • … of human evolution and inheritance himself.  In August 1873, he had published in the  Contemporary …
  • … the use of the Down schoolroom as a winter reading room in 1873 (see  Correspondence , vol. 21, …
  • … ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 20 July [1874] ). In 1873, Hooker had begun a series of …
  • …  vol. 21, letter from Francis Darwin,  [11 October 1873] ). Darwin wasted several weeks in …
  • … Moulinié, who had died after a period of ill health in 1873.  Edmond Barbier corrected defects in …
  • … was a copy of Joseph Simms’s book on physiognomy (Simms 1873), which contained Darwin’s portrait to …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … Letter 8701 - Lubbock, E. F . to Darwin, [1873] Ellen Lubbock, wife of naturalist …
  • … Letter 8989 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [28 July 1873] Mary Treat reports in detail on her …
  • … Letter 8989 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [28 July 1873] Mary Treat provides a detailed …
  • … 9156  - Wallace, A. R . to Darwin, [19 November 1873] Wallace reassures Darwin that …
  • … 9157  - Darwin to Da rwin, G. H., [20 November 1873] Darwin offers the work of …
  • … Letter 8719  - Darwin to Treat, M., [1 January 1873] Darwin gives Mary Treat close …
  • … 9157  - Darwin to Da rwin, G. H., [20 November 1873] Darwin offers the work of …

Language: key letters

Summary

How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … 8962: Darwin, C. R. to Max Müller, Friedrich, 3 July 1873 In the 1870s, Darwin corresponded …

Francis Darwin

Summary

Known to his family as ‘Frank’, Charles Darwin’s seventh child himself became a distinguished scientist. He was an undergraduate at Trinity College, Cambridge, initially studying mathematics, but then transferring to natural sciences.  Francis completed…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … work” (letter from E. A. Darwin, 25 September [1873] ).  Shortly afterwards, it was arranged for …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … in different species of  Gasteria ,  7 December 1873 F. F. Hallett's rough sketch …

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Constantijn Costerus and his friend had written to Darwin in 1873, praising his works and describing …
  • … Letter to J. C. Costerus and N. D. Doedes, [22?] March 1873 ) The Dutch friends so …

4.23 Gegeef, 'Battle Field of Science'

Summary

< Back to Introduction Another satirical print by ‘Gegeëf’, The Battle Field of Science and the Churches, is signed and dated 30 November 1873. It survives as a foldout plate in a twopenny journal, The Gauntlet, which, like Our National Church and…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Science and the Churches , is signed and dated 30 November 1873. It survives as a foldout plate …
  • … not to have progressed beyond its first issue of December 1873. A detached and damaged copy of The …
  • … (pseudonym) 
 date of creation 30 November 1873 
 computer-readable date 1873-11 …
  • … references and bibliography The Gauntlet 1 (Dec. 1873). Warren R. Dawson, The Huxley Papers: …

2.6 Adolf von Hildebrand bust

Summary

< Back to Introduction In 1873, the German biologist Anton Dohrn commissioned a plaster bust of Darwin for the ‘fresco room’ of his new research centre, the Stazione Zoologica in Naples. It was a fitting memorial of a long association between the two…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction In 1873, the German biologist Anton Dohrn commissioned a …
  • … on at least two occasions during the construction (1872–1873). Most of the money for the building …
  • … saloon where Darwin’s bust was to be placed in 1873, together with a bust of Karl Ernst von Baer, …
  • … image Adolf von Hildebrand 
 date of creation 1873 
 computer-readable date …
  • … ‘The Zoological Station at Naples’, Nature 8 (29 May 1873), p. 81. Thomas Huxley’s letter to …

Exercise: Caricatures of Science

Summary

Caricatures provide intriguing insights into both ideals and transgressions of gender. The following six images show caricatured representations of nineteenth-century men and women of science. They provide insight into the boundaries of what was deemed …

Matches: 2 hits

  • … width="191"] Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1873)[/caption]   …
  • … and biographical sketches of men of the day , (1873).   …

Darwin's bad days

Summary

Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and experimenting, even Darwin had some bad days. These times when nothing appeared to be going right are well illustrated by the following quotations from his letters:

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Weale, J.P.M. [Jan 1873] Bedford, Cape of Good Hope, …

Darwin as mentor

Summary

Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Letter 9005b - Darwin to Treat, M., [12 August 1873] Darwin thanks Treat for sending over …
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