To Ladies 24 February [1862–9]
Summary
Thanks for their kind feelings towards him.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Unidentified |
Date: | 24 Feb [1862-9] |
Classmark: | R. M. Smythe (dealer) (no date) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5418F |
To ? 11 March [1862–9]
Summary
Gives permission to insert in his magazine anything from CD’s works.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Unidentified |
Date: | 11 Mar [1862-9] |
Classmark: | Karpeles Manuscript Library Museums |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13877F |
To ? 29 March [1862–9]
Summary
Declines, regretfully, to contribute to or to have his name appear on a new magazine.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Unidentified |
Date: | 29 Mar [1862-9] |
Classmark: | Wellcome Collection (MS.7781/1–32 item 8) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13878 |
To M. T. Masters 24 July [1862]
Summary
CD grateful to have had the distinction of the two sorts of peloria pointed out to him.
His very sick son rallied; is out of danger, thanks to port wine.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Maxwell Tylden Masters |
Date: | 24 July [1862] |
Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3663 |
To Edward Cresy 8 January [1862 or 1868]
Summary
Obliged for the Theophrastus. Will return it.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Edward Cresy, Jr |
Date: | 8 Jan [1862 or 1868] |
Classmark: | DAR 143: 321 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13788 |
To J. D. Hooker 14 [October 1862]
Summary
Thanks for Aldrovanda reference and Cassia.
Has wasted labour on Melastomataceae without getting a glimpse of the meaning of the parts.
Wants seeds, from their native land, of Heterocentron or Monochaetum.
Is beginning to change his view about rarity of natural hybrids.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 14 [Oct 1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 166 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3762 |
To Alphonse de Candolle 17 June [1862]
Summary
Is pleased that AdeC is interested in the Primula case ["Dimorphic condition of Primula", Collected papers 2: 45–63]. Is pursuing analogous experiments on other plants and on seedlings raised from the unions.
CD’s "large work" progresses slowly owing to ill health and his work on Orchids.
CD is not surprised that AdeC is unwilling to admit natural selection – "the subject hardly admits of direct proof or evidence. It will be believed in only by those who think that it connects & partly explains several large classes of facts".
Hopes AdeC will publish on Quercus
and rejoices that he intends to return to the study of geographical distribution. No one can claim to have read AdeC’s truly great work on that subject [Géographie botanique (1855)] with more care than CD.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Date: | 17 June [1862] |
Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3608 |
To John Scott 3 December [1862]
Summary
JS’s facts on Primula are new to CD.
In Linum CD has also found dimorphic and non-dimorphic species.
Plans to publish next autumn on successive homomorphic generations in Primula.
"Fluctuating forms" due to culture.
Urges JS to publish.
Lobelia functionally monoecious.
Where did JS publish on Clivia hybrids? Did he count parent and cross seeds, as Gärtner shows is necessary?
CD has done large experiments on artificially fertilised cowslips. They never resemble oxlips.
Would welcome detailed criticism of natural selection by a careful observer like JS. Most criticism worthless. Expects a great deal from Lyell’s reaction.
Suggests JS do orchid experiment to see if rostellum can be penetrated by pollen.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | John Scott |
Date: | 3 Dec [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 93: B60–3 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3844 |
From J. B. Innes 16 December [1862]
Summary
News of family and friends.
Saw a white rabbit with black-tipped ears on a moor where only brown ones commonly and black ones occasionally dwell.
Author: | John Brodie Innes |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 16 Dec [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 167: 10 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3863 |
From John Scott 11 November 1862
Summary
CD is mistaken in considering Acropera unisexual, with only male flowers [Orchids, pp. 203–10]. JS has successfully fertilised two A. loddigesii flowers. One is ripening. Dissection of the other shows the pollen accomplishes fertilisation without contacting any stigmatic surface. Abortive ovules found in flowers that did not become fertilised when pollinated. JS suggests Acropera has both unisexual male and hermaphrodite flowers.
Author: | John Scott |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 11 Nov 1862 |
Classmark: | DAR 177: 77 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3800 |
To Asa Gray 21 August [1862]
Summary
Emma and Leonard have scarlet fever.
Houstonia seems "a grand case"; J. T. Rothrock should publish his observations on the two pollens and the reciprocal action of two hermaphrodites.
Rhexia glandulosa offers nothing odd, but Heterocentron will turn out something marvellous like Lythrum.
Would like to know what AG thinks of last chapter of Orchids.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Asa Gray |
Date: | 21 Aug [1862] |
Classmark: | Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (67) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3692 |
From George Chichester Oxenden 5 June [1862 or 1864?]
Summary
Sends musk orchid.
Author: | George Chichester Oxenden |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 5 June [1862 or 1864] |
Classmark: | DAR 173: 63 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-4520 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … and Magazine of Natural History 4th ser. 4 (1869): 141–59. [ Collected papers 2: 138–56. ] …
From G. C. Oxenden 4 June [1862]
Summary
Sends orchids.
Author: | George Chichester Oxenden |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 4 June [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 173.2: 53 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3589 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … and Magazine of Natural History 4th ser. 4 (1869): 141–59. [ Collected papers 2: 138–56. ] …
From John Murray [1 July – 23 August 1862]
Summary
Account of Orchids.
Author: | John Murray |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [1 July – 23 Aug 1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 171: 525 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3635F |
Matches: 1 hit
- … 4 th Edit of Origin. — ’ pencil ; ‘Nov 1869’ blue crayon ; ‘Orchis Book & 4 th Edit of …
To George Bentham 30 March [1862]
Summary
Will try to come to Linnean Society to read his paper, but has been "extra headachy". Fears his paper ["Sexual forms of Catasetum", Collected papers 2: 63–70] will not be worth Lindley’s attendance.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | George Bentham |
Date: | 30 Mar [1862] |
Classmark: | Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Bentham Correspondence, Vol. 3, Daintree–Dyer, 1830–1884, GEB/1/3: f. 699) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3488 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … printed on this stationery from 1861 to 1869 (see Carroll ed. 1976, pp. xxii–xxiii); …
From J. D. Hooker [18 October 1862]
Summary
Does CD want Masdevallia?
Sends addresses of persons in S. America who would send Melastomataceae seeds.
Has ordered Matthieu Bonafous on maize [Histoire naturelle du maïs (1836)].
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [18 Oct 1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 101: 63 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3774 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … and letter from Richard Spruce, 15 April 1869 ( Calendar no. 6697)), his letter has not …
From Francis Walker 24 June [1862]
Summary
Identified two flies as species of Empis that suck flowers, but the females also feed on small Diptera.
Author: | Francis Walker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 24 June [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 70: 182 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10547 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … letter to H. G. Bronn, 30 June [1862] ). In 1869, he published them in ‘Fertilization of …
To H. G. Bronn 11 July 1862
Summary
Sends additional notes.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Heinrich Georg Bronn |
Date: | 11 July 1862 |
Classmark: | Houghton Library, Harvard University (MS Lowell Autograph File 83) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3652 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … and Magazine of Natural History 4th ser. 4 (1869): 141–59. [ Collected papers 2: 138–56. ] …
To J. B. Innes [3] January [1862]
Summary
Quiz arrived safely.
CD’s three sons are in bed with bad colds.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | John Brodie Innes |
Date: | [3] Jan [1862] |
Classmark: | Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3371 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … be the non-resident incumbent of Down until 1869 ( Crockford’s 1894, Freeman 1978 ). Emma …
From Asa Gray 18–19 August 1862
Author: | Asa Gray |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 18–19 Aug 1862 |
Classmark: | DAR 165: 111, 116 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3688 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … and Magazine of Natural History 4th ser. 4 (1869): 141–59. [ Collected papers 2: 138–56. ] …
letter | (45) |
Bentham, George | (1) |
Bronn, H. G. | (2) |
Candolle, Alphonse de | (1) |
Cresy, Edward, Jr | (1) |
Darwin, C. R. | (17) |
Darwin, W. E. | (2) |
Gray, Asa | (6) |
Hooker, J. D. | (6) |
Innes, J. B. | (1) |
Masters, M. T. | (1) |
More, A. G. | (1) |
Oliver, Daniel | (1) |
Scott, John | (2) |
Unidentified | (3) |
Darwin, C. R. | (45) |
Gray, Asa | (9) |
Hooker, J. D. | (8) |
Scott, John | (4) |
Darwin, W. E. | (3) |
Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts
Summary
At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…
Matches: 27 hits
- … At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition …
- … that is something’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [22 January 1869] ). Much of the remainder of …
- … to be the case’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 January 1869 ). Hooker went straight to a crucial …
- … probable’ (see also letter to A. R. Wallace, 22 January [1869] , and letter from A. R. Wallace, …
- … in distribution’ ( letter to James Croll, 31 January [1869] ). Darwin had argued ( Origin , pp. …
- … formation’ ( letter to James Croll, 31 January [1869] ). Croll could not supply Darwin with an …
- … have got that yet’ ( letter from James Croll, 4 February 1869 ). Darwin did not directly …
- … towards [Thomson]’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 19 March [1869] ). Towards Descent …
- … ‘everlasting old Origin’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 1 June [1869] ), he was able to return to work on …
- … ( letter from Robert Elliot to George Cupples, 21 June 1869 ). Details on mating behaviour …
- … in the garden ( letter from Frederick Smith, 8 October 1869 ). Albert Günther, assistant in the …
- … varieties ( letter to W. B. Tegetmeier, 25 February [1869] ). The data contined to …
- … cocks & hens.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 November [1869] ). Yet completion of the work was …
- … for Descent . Researching emotion In 1869, Darwin still expected that Descent …
- … hatred—’ ( from Asa Gray and J. L. Gray, 8 and 9 May [1869] ). James Crichton-Browne and …
- … ( enclosure to letter from Henry Maudsley, 20 May 1869 ). Darwin had often complained of the …
- … in regard to Man’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 14 April 1869 ). More remarkable still were Wallace …
- … seem to you like some mental hallucination’ ( 18 April 1869 ). Since his marriage to Annie …
- … (Wallace 1869a; letter to A. R. Wallace, 22 March [1869] ), and scolded him for again being too …
- … demands justice’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 14 April 1869 ). Proceeding on all fronts …
- … South American cordillera ( letter to Charles Lyell, 20 May 1869 ), and fossil discoveries in …
- … investigated in depth ( letter from C. F. Claus, 6 February 1869 ). In a letter to the Gardeners …
- … of the soil ( letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle , 9 May [1869] ). In March, Darwin received …
- … in the early 1860s ( letter to W. C. Tait, 12 and 16 March 1869 ). This research contributed to …
- … editions ( see letter from Victor Masson, 29 September 1869 ). The work had been undertaken, like …
- … Animals”’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 November [1869] ). Angered by these proceedings, Darwin …
- … of Fritz Müller’s Für Darwin (Dallas trans. 1869). The book, an explication of Darwinian …
Darwin’s queries on expression
Summary
When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…
Matches: 11 hits
- … Crichton-Browne, James 20 May 1869 32 Queen Anne St. …
- … Crichton-Browne, James 19 May 1869 West Riding …
- … Gray, Asa 9 May [1869] [Alexandria, Egypt] …
- … Gray, Jane 9 May [1869] [Alexandria, Egypt] …
- … Gray, Asa 8 & 9 May 1869 Florence, Italy (about …
- … King, P.G. 25 Feb 1869 Sydney, Australia …
- … Maudsley, Henry 20 May 1869 32 Queen Anne St. …
- … Reade, Winwood W. 17 Jan 1869 Sierra Leone, Africa …
- … Reade, Winwood W. 28 June [1869] Sierra Leone, …
- … Reade, Winwood W. 26 Dec 1869 Sierra Leone, Africa …
- … Scott, John 2 July 1869 Royal Botanic Gardens, …
Perfect copper-plate hand: From Adolf Reuter, 30 May 1869
Summary
My favourite correspondent was chosen not because he is a brilliant conversationalist or a significant scientific thinker – but after a decade of reading a series of challenging hand writings, my favourite is the one who wrote in a perfect copper-plate…
Matches: 1 hits
- … My favourite correspondent was chosen not because he is a brilliant conversationalist or a …
A beginning, & that is something: To J. D. Hooker, [22 January 1869]
Summary
Alison Pearn talks about a letter Darwin wrote to his friend Joseph Dalton Hooker after finishing corrections to the fifth edition of Origin of Species in 1869.
Matches: 1 hits
- … corrections to the fifth edition of Origin of Species in 1869. …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 5 hits
- … of self-fertility over subsequent generations. In June 1869, Müller remarked, on receiving a new …
- … sometimes depends’ ( From Fritz Müller, 15 June 1869 ). By May 1870, Darwin reported that he was …
- … Müller ( To Fritz Müller, 28 November 1868 ). In March 1869, Müller reported results of …
- … pod were mutually sterile ( From Fritz Müller, 14 March 1869 ). ‘The case of the Abutilon sterile …
- … of this plant sent by Müller ( To Fritz Müller, 18 July [1869] ). Darwin sent specimens of plants …
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Matches: 4 hits
- … Letter 6736 - Gray, A. & J. L to Darwin, [8 & 9 May 1869] Jane Loring Gray, …
- … Williams , M. S. to Darwin, H. E., [after 14 October 1869] Darwin’s niece, Margaret, …
- … Letter 6815 - Scott, J. to Darwin, [2 July 1869] John Scott responds to Darwin’s …
- … - Darwin to Gunther, A. C. L. G., [21 September 1869] Darwin asks Gunther for “a great …
Diagrams and drawings in letters
Summary
Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … of Robinia rubra and Pirus malus , 23 September 1869 Alexander Agassiz's …
Jane Gray
Summary
Jane Loring Gray, the daughter of a Boston lawyer, married the Harvard botanist Asa Gray in 1848 and evidence suggests that she took an active interest in the scientific pursuits of her husband and his friends. Although she is only known to have…
Matches: 3 hits
Rewriting Origin - the later editions
Summary
For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions. Many of his changes were made in…
Darwin’s hothouse and lists of hothouse plants
Summary
Darwin became increasingly involved in botanical experiments in the years after the publication of Origin. The building of a small hothouse - a heated greenhouse - early in 1863 greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific…
3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871
Summary
< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…
Matches: 9 hits
- … Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted …
- … down here on purpose’. Payments to the firm on 25 July 1869 and 5 April 1870 in Darwin’s banking …
- … widely disseminated images of Darwin were taken in summer 1869, and which in summer 1871: the …
- … were dated by Darwin’s daughter Henrietta on the backs to 1869. By 1871-2 some of Elliott and Fry’s …
- … it ‘abt. 1870’, then crossed this date out in favour of 1869 – the date which John van Wyhe assigns …
- … some of the Elliott and Fry group as having been taken in 1869 and 1871, but dates others (still …
- … to this source. It is significant that none of these 1869–71 Elliott and Fry photographs were …
- … as belonging to groups of photographs taken in summer 1869 and summer 1871, possible also in 1874. …
- … letters from Darwin to A.B. Meyer, 27 November [1869], (DCP-LETT-7014), and to Wallace, 5 December …
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Photograph album of Dutch admirers
Summary
Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…
Matches: 1 hits
- … work on human expression. Donders visited Darwin in 1869 , and a year later Darwin consoled him …
Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution
Summary
The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’. Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 5 hits
- … he attracted many admirers in German-speaking countries. In 1869, his birthday was celebrated by an …
- … vol. 17, letter from F. M. Malven, 12 February [1869] ). An extract from Darwin’s reply to Malven …
- … with his’ ( letter to F. M. Malven, [after 12 February 1869] ). Accompanying this extract was the …
- … some of whom drew substantially on his theory. In 1869, Hermann Müller (brother to Fritz) sent …
- … theory to flowers and flower-visiting insects; H. Müller 1869)). Darwin was full of admiration and …
Science: A Man’s World?
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 6976 - Darwin to Blackwell, A. B., [8 November 1869] Darwin thanks Antoinette …
3.12 Edwards, second group of photos
Summary
< Back to Introduction Despite the prior difficulties experienced by both photographer and sitter, it is evident that Ernest Edwards portrayed Darwin again in the late 1860s; but exactly when and in what circumstances is not known. There are strong…
Matches: 3 hits
Race, Civilization, and Progress
Summary
Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…
John Beddoe
Summary
In 1869, when gathering data on sexual selection in humans, Darwin exchanged a short series of letters with John Beddoe, a doctor in Bristol. He was looking for evidence that racial differences that appear to have no benefit in terms of survival - and…
Matches: 1 hits
- … In 1869 Darwin exchanged a short series of letters with a John Beddoe, a doctor in …
3.15 George Charles Wallich, photo
Summary
< Back to Introduction In the years around 1868–1871, when professional photographers competed for sittings with Darwin, a doctor called George Charles Wallich approached him with a similar request. Wallich was planning to publish a set of his own…