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To J. D. Hooker   24 [November 1862]

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Summary

Sends Asa Gray letter: "nearly as mad as ever in our English eyes".

Bates’s paper is admirable. The act of segregation of varieties into species was never so plainly brought forth.

CD is a little sorry that his present work is leading him to believe rather more in the direct action of physical conditions. Regrets it because it lessens the glory of natural selection and is so confoundedly doubtful.

JDH laid too much stress on importance of crossing with respect to origin of species; but certainly it is important in keeping forms stable.

If only Owen could be excluded from Council of Royal Society Falconer would be good to put in. CD must come down to London to see what he can do.

Falconer’s article in Journal of the Geological Society [18 (1862): 348–69] shows him coming round on permanence of species, but he does not like natural selection.

Sends Lythrum salicaria diagram.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  24 [Nov 1862]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 173, 279b; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Hooker letters 2: 46 JDH/2/1/2)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3822

Matches: 62 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   24 [November 1862] …
  • … letters 2: 46 JDH/2/1/2) Charles Robert Darwin Down 24 [Nov 1862] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … Journal of the Geological Society [18 (1862): 348–69] shows him coming round on permanence …
  • … Bibliography Bates, Henry Walter. 1862. Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon …
  • … to proof-sheets of part of the November 1862 number of the American Journal of Science and …
  • … sheets for CD with his letter of 10 November 1862 , and apparently also enclosed a set for …
  • … see letter to Asa Gray, 26[–7] November [1862] ). Hooker discussed A.  Gray 1862e in his …
  • … reply to this letter (see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 26 November 1862  and n.  2). …
  • … see Correspondence vol.  10, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 6 October [1862] , and letter to …
  • … Asa Gray, 16 October [1862] ). However, he also began to suspect additional differences in …
  • … and after making almost 100 crosses in 1862, he was determined to make more in 1863 (see …
  • … ibid. , letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 27 [October 1862] and nn.  11 and 12, letter to W.   …
  • … E.  Darwin, 4 [November 1862] , and letter to …
  • … Asa Gray, 6 November [1862] ). See also ‘Three forms of Lythrum salicaria ’ , pp.  169, …
  • … University Press. 1985–. Falconer, Hugh. 1862. On the disputed affinity of the mammalian …
  • … from the Purbeck beds. [Read 4 June 1862. ] Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of …
  • … of diagram. — King St Leicester 17 Nov 1862 My Dear D r Hooker I need not say how glad I …
  • … See letter from Asa Gray, 10 November 1862  and n.  14. …
  • … See enclosure. Bates 1862 . The third part of volume 23 of the Transactions of …
  • … this paper appeared, was published on 13 November 1862 ( Raphael 1970 ); in his letter to …
  • … CD of [15 and] 20 November [1862] , Hooker discussed several other papers in this part of …
  • … his letter to CD of [15 and] 20 November [1862] , Hooker mentioned his having criticised …
  • … See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] and n.  2. Letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [15  and] 20 November [1862] and n.  17. The reference is to John Lindley , in …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker] 1862c; see letters from J.  D.  Hooker, 7 November 1862  and [15  …
  • … and] 20 November [1862] , and letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] ). The opening sentence (p.  789) reads: ’It is not …
  • … from J.  D.  Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] and nn.  10 and 12. Richard Owen was …
  • … meeting of the society on 1  December 1862 ( Proceedings of the Royal Society of London …
  • … 12: 299). Hugh Falconer . See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] . …
  • … Falconer 1862 . Falconer began his paper, ‘On the disputed affinity of the mammalian genus …
  • … the most accurate observers and original thinkers of our time’ ( Falconer 1862 , p.  348). …
  • … See also letter to Hugh Falconer, 14 November [1862] and nn.  7 and 9. CD refers to …
  • … that he had seen (see letter to Hugh Falconer, 1 October [1862] ). See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] and n.  25; the governess has not been identified. …
  • … Hooker’s letter to Bates of 13 November 1862  is reproduced in Bates 1892 , pp.  xlvi– …
  • … xlvii. See also letter from J.  D. Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] . In …
  • … his letter to Bates of 13 November 1862 , Hooker, who was a vice-president of the Linnean …
  • … the society to have ‘done justice’ to Bates 1862 ( Bates 1892 , p.  xlvi; see also n.  4, …
  • … society by making extensive alterations to the proofs of Bates 1862 (see letter from H.   …
  • … W.  Bates, 17 October 1862 ); Richard Kippist was librarian of the Linnean Society . …
  • … In his letter to Bates of 13 November 1862 , Hooker had criticised Bates’s attempt to …
  • … from J.  D. Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] and n.  6. CD, Bates, and Hooker had …
  • … this subject earlier in the year (see letters from J.   D.  Hooker, [10 March 1862] , 17  …
  • … March 1862 , and [ …
  • … 23 March 1862] , and letters to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 14 March [1862] , 18  …
  • … March [1862] , and …
  • … 26 [March 1862] ). See letter to H.   …
  • … W.  Bates, 20 November [1862] . Bates 1863 . The drawing is an enclosure to …
  • … letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 24 [November 1862] ( Correspondence vol.  10). Note that this …
  • … to Hooker in his letter of 24 [November 1862] ( Correspondence vol.  10) that he was …
  • … Lythrum salicaria ; see also ibid. , letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] . …
  • … CD sent similar diagrams in 1862 to two other correspondents (see ibid. , ,letter to W.   …
  • … E.  Darwin, [2–3 August 1862] , and letter to Asa …
  • … Gray, [3–]4 September [1862] ). A similar diagram was published in CD’s ‘Three forms of …
  • … of Lythrum salicaria at the end of July 1862, and also began observing their pollination …
  • … see, for example, Correspondence vol.  10, letters to Asa Gray , 28 July [1862] and n.   …
  • … 16, and [3–]4 September [1862] . Most of CD’s …
  • … experiments on and observations of Lythrum for 1862, 1863, and 1864 are in DAR 27.2B; his …
  • … later work on Lythrum is in DAR 109. In 1862, as CD was counting the seeds resulting from …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Origin : On the origin of species by means …

To Asa Gray   26[–7] November [1862]

Summary

Discusses AG’s article ["Dimorphism", Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 34 (1862): 419–20]. Does not like the terms "dioecio-dimorphism" or "precocious fertilisation". Discusses the separation of sexes in plants; cannot doubt that hermaphroditism is the aboriginal state.

Discusses AG’s observations on orchids and his review of Orchids [Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 34 (1862): 138–51].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  26[–7] Nov [1862]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (50)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3830

Matches: 55 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   26[–7] November [1862] …
  • … Herbarium of Harvard University (50) Charles Robert Darwin Down 26[–7] Nov [1862] Asa Gray …
  • … by puzzling intermediate forms. ’ See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 26 November 1862 . …
  • … Dimorphism", Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 34 (1862): 419–20]. Does not like the terms "dioecio- …
  • … on orchids and his review of Orchids [ Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 34 (1862): 138–51]. …
  • … Bibliography Bates, Henry Walter. 1862. Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon …
  • … 446–58. [Campbell, George Douglas. ] 1862. [Review of Orchids and other works. ] Edinburgh …
  • … to the letter from Asa Gray, 10 November 1862 . CD refers in his second postscript to …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 26 November 1862 ; since Joseph Dalton Hooker’s letter could …
  • … have arrived at Down before 27 November 1862, the second postscript must have been added …
  • … see letter from Asa Gray, 9 December 1862 ), it appears that this letter was sent in the …
  • … the letter to Asa Gray, 23 November [1862] ; however, since the two letters have separate …
  • … W.  Bates, 25 November [1862] . CD was preparing a draft of the part of Variation dealing …
  • … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 77–96. [ Collected papers 2: 45–63. ] ‘ …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Sprengel, Christian Konrad. 1793. Das …
  • … treated separately. In his letter of 10 November 1862 , Gray had enclosed proof-sheets …
  • … of a portion of the November 1862 number of the American Journal of Science and Arts ( …
  • … A.  Gray 1862b ). See also letter to Asa Gray, 23 November [1862] . CD refers to a …
  • … postscript to the letter from Asa Gray, 10 November 1862 , that is now missing. …
  • … In his letter of 16 October [1862] , CD had asked Gray about a report that, under …
  • … addition to A.  Gray 1862b , the November 1862 number of the American Journal of Science …
  • … See also letter from Asa Gray, 29 December 1862 , and Correspondence vol.  11, letter to …
  • … papers 2: 106). See n.  10, above. See also letter to Asa Gray, 23[–4] July [1862] . See …
  • … also letter to Daniel Oliver, 12 [April 1862] . CD’s notes …
  • … observations on Viola canina , made in May 1862, are in DAR 111: 3–5. See also letter to …
  • … J.  D. Hooker, 30 May [1862] , letter to W.   …
  • … E.  Darwin, [31 May 1862] , and letter to Asa …
  • … Gray, 10–20 June [1862] . Gray wrote on CD’s letter ‘But …
  • … goes on all summer’; see letter from Asa Gray, 29 December 1862 . CD refers to several …
  • … species of Balsaminaceae sent to him by Hooker in October 1862 (see letter to …
  • … Daniel Oliver, 13 October [1862] , letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 14 [October 1862] , and letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [18 October 1862] ). See …
  • … letter to Asa Gray, 10–20 June [1862] and n.  24. CD had cultivated plants of Oxalis …
  • … that the species was not heterostyled (see letters to Daniel Oliver , 20 [April 1862] and …
  • … 24 April [1862] , and letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 30 May [1862] ). There are notes on his experiments on the cleistogamic …
  • … See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 7 November 1862 , n.  17. CD’s notes of his observations …
  • … and Specularia speculum , dated 4 October 1862, are in DAR 79: 113. These observations are …
  • … see letters from Asa Gray , 11 October 1861 ( Correspondence vol.  9), 2–3 July 1862, 18– …
  • … 19 August 1862, and …
  • … 5 September 1862, and letters to Asa …
  • … Gray , 10–20 June [1862] , 23[– …
  • … 4] July [1862] , and [3–] …
  • … 4 September [1862] ). CD marked the last three sentences of this paragraph with a marginal …
  • … also letter to Daniel Oliver, 15 April [1862] and n.  3. [J.  D.  Hooker] 1862d, p.  371. …
  • … similarly long nectary ( [G.  D. Campbell] 1862 , pp.  394–5; see Orchids , pp.  197–203). …
  • … in A.  Gray 1863a , pp.  293–4. See also letters from Asa Gray , 18–19 August 1862  and …
  • … 22 September 1862 . CD made undated notes referring to Gray’s account of this species (DAR …
  • … the letter to John Scott, 3 December [1862] . In Orchids , CD sought to demonstrate that …
  • … 288–93. See letter to Asa Gray, [3–]4 September [1862] and n.  9. A.  Gray 1862b , pp.   …
  • … 427–8. See also letter from J.  D. Hooker, 2 November 1862 , and letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 4 November [1862] . Gray concluded his article by expressing his gratitude to …
  • … 1862a . See letter to Asa Gray, 23 November [1862] . Gray was one of the botanical editors …
  • … A.  Gray 1863b ). See also letter from H.  W. Bates, 24 November 1862 , and letter to H.   …

To John Scott   19 December [1862]

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Summary

JS should be proud of his paper ["Nature of the fern-spore", Edinburgh New. Philos. J. 2d ser. 16 (1862): 209–27].

CD has just found that JS’s observations on the confluence of two sexes causing variability were independently confirmed by Huxley.

CD has always suspected a fundamental difference between buds and ovules.

Asks for examples of "bud-variation" or "sports".

Asks JS to test germination of pollen on rostellum of Laelia.

Offers JS money for experimental supplies, e.g., netting, to keep insects out of flowers.

Encloses an outline of crossing experiments with Lythraceae, Primula, Pelargonium, and others, which he feels would be valuable.

Note on melastomids.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Scott
Date:  19 Dec [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 93: B35–6, B64–5, B80
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3868

Matches: 45 hits

  • … To John Scott   19 December [1862] …
  • … DAR 93: B35–6, B64–5, B80 Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 Dec [1862] John Scott …
  • … him with observations on Rhexia Virginica (see letter from Asa Gray, 4 August 1862 ). …
  • … spore", Edinburgh New. Philos. J. 2d ser. 16 (1862): 209–27]. CD has just found that JS’s …
  • … is established by the relationship to the letter from John Scott, 17 December [1862] . See …
  • … letter from John Scott, 17 December [1862] . Scott had initiated the correspondence with …
  • … see letter from John Scott, 11 November 1862 ). Earlier in December, CD had arranged for …
  • … edition of Origin to be sent to Scott (see letters to John Scott , 3 December [1862] and …
  • … 11 December [1862] ). See …
  • … letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] , and letter from …
  • … John Scott, 17 December [1862] . Scott had sent CD a …
  • … South America (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 14 [October 1862] , and letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [18 October 1862] ). Having noticed that in Monochaetum ensiferum there were …
  • … see letter to Asa Gray, 16 February [1862] ). CD’s observational and experimental notes …
  • … a synonym of Monochaetum floribundum ) (dated June and July 1862) and on various species …
  • … of Centradenia (dated January – July 1862) are in DAR 205.8: 14–21. In addition, Asa Gray …
  • … see letter from John Scott, 6 December [1862] ); it is preserved in the Darwin Pamphlet …
  • … Collection–CUL. See Scott 1862a , p.  214, and Huxley 1862 , p.  90–2. …
  • … also letter from John Scott, 17 December [1862] . CD discussed the resemblances of buds …
  • … a chapter he began writing in December 1862 (see n.  7, below). He concluded by stating …
  • … reproduction and variation’, on 21 December 1862 (see ‘Journal’ ( Correspondence vol.  10, …
  • … 385. See letter from John Scott, 17 December [1862] and n.  6. Scott offerred to send CD …
  • … specimens of Primula scotica and P.  farinosa in his letter of 17 December [1862] . See …
  • … letter from John Scott, 17 December [1862] and n.  19. Regarding CD’s attempts to obtain …
  • … specimens of Verbascum , see the letter to W.  E.  Darwin, 4 [July 1862] and n.  4. …
  • … See letter from John Scott, 17 December [1862] and n.  20. …
  • … See letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] , and letter from …
  • … John Scott, 17 December [1862] . Origin , pp.  270–1. …
  • … See letters from C.  W.  Crocker, [before 13 March 1862] and …
  • … 24 November 1862 . CD refers to the possibility of Scott repeating a series of crossing …
  • … experiments with cabbages in May and June  1862. CD continued to carry out similar …
  • … to the crossing experiments, begun in May 1862, with the normally sterile peloric flowers …
  • … of pelargoniums (see letter to Daniel Oliver, 8 June [1862] , letter to Asa …
  • … Gray, 1 July [1862] , and letters to M.   …
  • … T.  Masters, 8 July [1862] and …
  • … 24 July [1862] ). CD’s notes from these experiments are in DAR 51 (ser.  2): 4–9, 12–13. …
  • … DAR 75: 1–12). See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 12 [December 1862] , and letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [14 December 1862] . CD discussed the modified forms of the columbine and the …
  • … in Variation 1: 365. In the summer of 1862, CD made extensive crossing experiments with …
  • … see letter to Daniel Oliver, 29 [July 1862] ); the observational notes from this work are …
  • … 1861] and n.  14, and this volume, letter to George Bentham, 3 February [1862] ). He …
  • … continued to work on the family throughout 1862 and 1863 without ultimately being able to …
  • … in his letter to Scott of 11 December [1862] , and sought Scott’s assistance with his …
  • … on Monochaetum ensiferum in February 1862 and continued to work on the species until May  …
  • … on H.  mexicanum , dated June – October 1862, are in DAR 205.8: 19 v. , 54. CD was also …

To J. D. Hooker   11 June [1862]

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Summary

Sorry to hear of Mrs Hooker’s health and domestic problems. Wishes natural selection had produced neuters who would not flirt or marry.

Will be eager to hear Cameroon results.

Wishes JDH would discuss the "mundane glacial period". Still believes it will be "the turning point of all recent geographical distribution".

Pollen placed for 65 hours on apparent (CD still thinks real) stigma of Leschenaultia has not protruded a vestige of a tube.

"Oliver the omniscient" has produced an article in Botanische Zeitung with accurate account of all CD saw in Viola.

Asa Gray’s "red-hot" praise of Orchids [Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 34 (1862): 138–51].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  11 June [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 155
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3597

Matches: 30 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   11 June [1862] …
  • … DAR 115: 155 Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 June [1862] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … Viola . Asa Gray’s "red-hot" praise of Orchids [ Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 34 (1862): 138–51]. …
  • … D.   Hooker, 16 January [1862] and 25 [ …
  • … and 26] January [1862] , and letter to …
  • … Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] ). …
  • … by the juries : International Exhibition, 1862. Reports by the juries on the subjects in …
  • … Letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 9 June 1862 . …
  • … In his letter of 9 June 1862 , Hooker had written of Frances Harriet Hooker : ‘My wife is …
  • … to William Erasmus Darwin, [14 May 1862] , in DAR 219.1: 56) and was thus a neighbour of …
  • … DAR 242), ‘Miss Pugh came to Down’ on 5 June 1862. CD also mentioned the Hookers’ kindness …
  • … reported here, which are dated 2 June 1862, are preserved in DAR 265. See also ML 2: 257– …
  • … 63. Müller 1857 . See letter to Daniel Oliver, [before 11 June 1862] . See …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 18 May 1862 . CD’s allusion to politics refers to the strained …
  • … Trent affair’ (see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [19 January 1862] , letters to J.   …
  • … in the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 9 May [1862] . Charles Paget Hooker , the Hookers’ third …
  • … child, was 7 years old. See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 9 June 1862 . Emma and Horace …
  • … were in Southampton from 3 to 12 June 1862 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242); see also …
  • … letter to W.  E.  Darwin, [31 May 1862] and n.  4). Horace had been unwell earlier in …
  • … the year (see letters to W.  E.  Darwin, 14 February [1862] and …
  • … 26 April [1862] ). See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 9 June 1862 . CD refers to the International …
  • … in South Kensington, London, on 1 May 1862. Hooker was a member of the jury for class 4, …
  • … the juries ). CD was in London from 6 to 9 May 1862 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)), and …
  • … Exhibition on 8 May (see letter to W.  E.  Darwin, [8 May 1862] ). See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 9 June 1862  and n.  3. CD put forward his ideas about migration during a …
  • … with Bates and Hooker when they visited Down House in April 1862 (see letter from H.   …
  • … W.  Bates, 30 April 1862  and n.  3). However, Hooker’s work on the flora of Cameroon and …
  • … see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 9 May [1862] and n.  6). CD refers to his investigations …
  • … fertilisation in Leschenaultia (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [18 May 1862] and n.  2). …

To Daniel Oliver   24 July [1862]

Summary

Asa Gray has a self-fertilising Platanthera, like the bee orchid. CD believes problem of the latter will some day be explained. Speculates [Ophrys] arachnites may be crossing form and bee orchid self-fertilising form of the same species.

Cytisus adami is a puzzle.

Pleased if DO will review Orchids [Nat. Hist. Rev. n.s. 2 (1862): 371–6] .

His review of Primula paper was capital. [Nat. Hist. Rev. n.s. 2 (1862): 235–43].

Requests peloric plants.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Daniel Oliver
Date:  24 July [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 261.10: 34 (EH 88206017)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3664

Matches: 36 hits

  • … To Daniel Oliver   24 July [1862] …
  • … capital. [ Nat. Hist. Rev. n.s. 2 (1862): 235–43]. Requests peloric plants. …
  • … DAR 261.10: 34 (EH 88206017) Charles Robert Darwin Down 24 July [1862] Daniel Oliver …
  • … History Review (see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 7 November 1862 ). See letter to M.   …
  • … T.  Masters, 8 July [1862] and n.  3. …
  • … review Orchids [ Nat. Hist. Rev. n.s. 2 (1862): 371–6] . His review of Primula paper was …
  • … s diary (DAR 242); see also letter to M.  T.  Masters, 24 July [1862] , letter to W.   …
  • … E. Darwin, [24 July 1862] , and letter to Asa …
  • … Gray, 23[–4] July [1862] ). In his ‘Journal’ (see Correspondence vol.  10, Appendix II), …
  • … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 77–96. [ Collected papers 2: 45–63. ] Dupree, …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Variation : The variation of animals and …
  • … CD’s experiments, see, for instance, the letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 May [1862] and n.   …
  • … 7, and 23 June [1862] and n.  4, …
  • … the letter to Alphonse de Candolle, 17 June [1862] and n.  2, and the letter to M.   …
  • … T.  Masters, 8 July [1862] and n.  3. Oliver was professor of …
  • … botany at University College London. See letters from Asa Gray , [2 June 1862] , [late …
  • … June 1862] , and 2– …
  • … 3 July  1862 . Gray was Fisher Professor of natural history at Harvard University and …
  • … with the letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 ; the notes have not been found, but see …
  • … the letter to Asa Gray, 23[–4] July [1862] and nn.  23–4. See letters …
  • … from G.  C.  Oxenden, [before 30 May 1862] , 21  …
  • … June 1862 , and …
  • … 8 July 1862 , and letter to A.   …
  • … G.  More, 7 June 1862 . …
  • … Duchartre 1862 . Oliver’s letter has not been found; however, there is a note in CD’s …
  • … of the flowers on the spike ( Duchartre 1862 , pp.  118–22). Duchartre suggested that this …
  • … the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 20  August 1862  and n.  12. CD had described an unnamed …
  • … which CD described in notes dated 9 July 1862 (DAR 70: 103–4); these notes were headed ‘ …
  • … also letter to H.  G.  Bronn, 11 July 1862 , and ‘Fertilization of orchids’ , p.  155 ( …
  • … on C.  ventricosum , dated 9 July 1862 (DAR 70: 103–4), CD described the observations that …
  • … 1857 (see letter to Daniel Oliver, [before 11 June 1862] and n.  2, and letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 11 June [1862] ). CD probably refers to the bird’s-eye primrose, Primula …
  • … 9), Oliver had expressed a hope in April 1862 that he would be able to do so in the coming …
  • … had promised to write to let CD know (see letters from Daniel Oliver , 10 April 1862  and …
  • … 14 April 1862 ; see also letter to …
  • … Daniel Oliver, 12 [April 1862] ). P.  farinosa flowers in Britain in June and July ( …

To Asa Gray   23[–4] July [1862]

Summary

AG’s orchid observations are admirable.

Owen has lectured on birds’ descending from one form.

French criticism of CD’s Primula paper.

Only AG has seen that Orchids was "a ""flank movement"" on the enemy".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  23[–4] July [1862]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (76)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3662

Matches: 48 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   23[–4] July [1862] …
  • … of Harvard University (76) Charles Robert Darwin Down 23[–4] July [1862] Asa Gray …
  • … with the letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 (see n.  22, below); the envelope to that …
  • … had been sent home from school on 12 June 1862 suffering from scarlet fever; his recovery …
  • … see Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242), and the letters to W.  E.  Darwin, 4 [July 1862] , 9  …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Rupke, Nicolaas A. 1994. Richard Owen, …
  • … July [1862] , and [after …
  • … 14 July 1862] ). Gray had sent a three-cent …
  • … postage stamp in the letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 . Letter …
  • … from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 (see n.  2, above). Since starting to read Orchids in …
  • … of notes on American species of orchids (see letters from Asa Gray , 18 May 1862 , [2  …
  • … June 1862] , [late …
  • … June 1862] , and 2– …
  • … 3 July 1862 ). CD had urged Gray to publish his observations, either in reviewing …
  • … the notes to Gray to enable him to do so (see letters to Asa Gray , 10–20 June [1862] , 1  …
  • … July [1862] , and …
  • … 14 July [1862] ). In the …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 , Gray asked CD to indicate those observations that …
  • … subject ( letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 ). He incorporated an account of American …
  • … CD’s experiments, see, for instance, the letters to J.  D. Hooker, 30 May [1862] and n.   …
  • … 7, and 23 June [1862] and n.  4, …
  • … the letter to Alphonse de Candolle, 17 June [1862] and n.  2, and the letter to M.   …
  • … T. Masters, 8 July [1862] and n.  3. Gray’s notes to CD on American species of orchids …
  • … Gray’s (see letter from Asa Gray, 2– 3 July 1862 ). Gray forwarded Rothrock’s observations …
  • … on Houstonia in the letter from Asa Gray, 4 August 1862 . See …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 , and Correspondence vol.  9, letter from Asa Gray, …
  • … 1861 . See letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 . The reference has not been traced. Gray …
  • … paper, thereby reducing postage charges, in the letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 . See …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 . See …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862  and n.  16. The reference is to …
  • … address to the anniversary meeting of the Linnean Society of London on 24 May 1862 ( …
  • … Bentham 1862 ). CD probably refers to Richard Owen’s lectures at the Museum of Practical …
  • … Relations of Birds’. The series of six lectures ran from 14 to 30 May 1862 ( Athenæum , …
  • … 10 May 1862, p.  613). Neither the printed accounts of these lectures, nor the …
  • … letter to Armand de Quatrefages, 11 July [1862] , n.  7). However, CD apparently learned …
  • … acquaintances (see letter to Charles Lyell, 22 August [1862] and n.  7). CD refers to the …
  • … Armand de Quatrefages, [after 11 July 1862] , n.  5) and to the anonymous evolutionary …
  • … see also Medical Times and Gazette (1862), pt 1: 617), Owen stated: we must remember that …
  • … by the Union army of the Potomac in June 1862 to seize the Confederate capital, Richmond, …
  • … Virginia. Between 25 June and 1 July 1862 the Confederates drove the Union forces away …
  • … to CD’s question, see the letter from Asa Gray, 22 September 1862  and n.  11. CD refers …
  • … to the notes on orchids sent with the letter from Asa Gray, 2–3 July 1862 (see n.  2, …
  • … and the letter from Asa Gray, 15 July [1862] and n.  6); the notes have not been found. …
  • … for this apparent anomaly (see letters from G.  C.  Oxenden, [before 30 May 1862] , 21  …
  • … June 1862 , and …
  • … 8 July 1862 , and letter to A.   …
  • … G.  More, 7 June [1862] ). In A.  Gray 1862b , p.  426, Gray described how it would be …
  • … see letter from G.  C.  Oxenden, 4 June [1862] and n.  2). See also Orchids 2d ed. , pp.   …

To J. D. Hooker   29 [December 1862]

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Summary

Genera plantarum reviewed in Parthenon by a man who says JDH is disgraced by being "obviously tinged with Darwinism".

CD by chance has found that Saturday Review article [14 (1862): 589] on Duke of Argyll was written by his [CD’s] nephew, Henry Parker.

Asa Gray sends American newspapers which CD never reads.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  29 [Dec 1862]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 175
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3881

Matches: 20 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   29 [December 1862] …
  • … DAR 115: 175 Charles Robert Darwin Down 29 [Dec 1862] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … D. Hooker, [before 29 December 1862] ). See …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 9 December 1862 , and letter to …
  • … James Anderson, 23 December [1862] . See …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 24 November 1862 , and letter from …
  • … Francis Boott, 26 December 1862 . …
  • … Bibliography [Campbell, George Douglas. ] 1862. [Review of Orchids and other works. ] …
  • … Edinburgh Review 116: 378–97. [Parker, Henry. ] 1862. The Edinburgh review on the …
  • … supernatural. Saturday Review , 15 November 1862, pp. 589–90. …
  • … found that Saturday Review article [14 (1862): 589] on Duke of Argyll was written by his [ …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [21 December 1862] , and n.  2, below. The reference has not …
  • … to the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [21 December 1862] ; the incomplete letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [before 29 December 1862] , may be the postscript to such a letter. …
  • … The anonymous review of Bentham and Hooker 1862 –83 appeared in …
  • … the Parthenon , 27 December 1862, pp.  1102– …
  • … 3. [Parker] 1862  and [G.   …
  • … D.  Campbell] 1862 . See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [before 29 December 1862] and nn.  3 and 4. …
  • … copy of the issue of the Saturday Review containing [Parker] 1862 (see letter from J.   …

To Asa Gray   1 July [1862]

Summary

Thanks for notes on Cypripedium and Platanthera hookeri, which is really beautiful and quite a new case.

His son, George, has been observing the insect fertilisation of orchids.

CD has been crossing peloric flowers of Pelargonium, but doubts he will get good results with respect to sterility of hybrids.

Rhexia glandulosa does not appear to be dimorphic. Lythrum is trimorphic.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  1 July [1862]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (69)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3634

Matches: 35 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   1 July [1862] …
  • … Herbarium of Harvard University (69) Charles Robert Darwin Down 1 July [1862] Asa Gray …
  • … Gardens, Kew (see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 22 [March 1862] ). He had previously informed …
  • … Gray of the case in his letter of 22 January [1862] . …
  • … CD had been suffering from eczema (see letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 23 June [1862] and …
  • … 30 [June 1862] ). The notes referred to have not been found; …
  • … with the letter from Asa Gray, [late June 1862] . Gray included information on Platanthera …
  • … CD began a series of crossing experiments on 1 June 1862 (see the experimental notes, …
  • … dated 1 June – 2 July 1862, in DAR 205.8: 14–15, and …
  • … letter to Asa Gray, 10–20 June [1862] ). See Correspondence vol.  9, letter from Asa Gray, …
  • … volume, letter from Asa Gray, 15 July [1862] . CD had discovered that Lythrum salicaria …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Origin : On the origin of species by means …
  • … 8). See also letter to Asa Gray, 10–20 June [1862] and n.  16. CD had sent Heinrich Georg …
  • … included in the German edition (Bronn trans.  1862; see the second enclosure to the letter …
  • … to H.  G.  Bronn, 30 June [1862] ). Gray had asked CD to arrange for six copies of Orchids …
  • … see letter to Nicholas Trübner, 23 June [1862] ). Gray’s letter requesting the copies has …
  • … of which he and CD had shared (see letter from Asa Gray, 31 March [1862] , and letter to …
  • … Asa Gray, 21 April [1862] ). George Howard Darwin , then 16 years old, was on holiday …
  • … Grammar School. CD’s notes, dated 20–7 June 1862, recording George’s observations of the …
  • … flies visiting O.  maculata , dated 20 June 1862, is in DAR 70: 13–14. CD reported these …
  • … the German edition of Orchids (Bronn trans.  1862, p.  22 n. ; see the second enclosure to …
  • … the letter to H.  G.  Bronn, 30 June [1862] ). He later published them in ‘Fertilization …
  • … on insects visiting H.  monorchis , dated 22–7 June 1862, are in DAR 70: 32–6 (see …
  • … also letter from Frederick Smith, 28 June 1862 ); these observations were incorporated in …
  • … German edition of Orchids (Bronn trans.  1862, pp.  47–8 n. ), and were later described …
  • … observations of the species, dated 2 July 1862, are in DAR 70: 37. See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 28 June 1862 . CD refers to Miles Joseph Berkeley’s review of Orchids , …
  • … Journal of Politics, Arts and Science 4 (1862): 553–4. CD had begun a series of crossing …
  • … different varieties of pelargonium on 11 May 1862 (see the experimental notes in DAR 51 ( …
  • … see also letter to Daniel Oliver, 8 June [1862] ); in 1861 he had attempted to encourage …
  • … VI. See letter from C.  V.  Naudin, 26 June 1862  and n.  4. CD probably refers to the …
  • … Gray promised to do so in the summer (see letters to Asa Gray , 16 February [1862] and …
  • … 15 March [1862] , and letter from …
  • … Asa Gray, 6 March [1862] ). Later, CD asked Gray if he would cover his plant under …
  • … plants’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 21 April [1862] ). However, having obtained a specimen of …

To Asa Gray   21 August [1862]

Summary

Emma and Leonard have scarlet fever.

Houstonia seems "a grand case"; J. T. Rothrock should publish his observations on the two pollens and the reciprocal action of two hermaphrodites.

Rhexia glandulosa offers nothing odd, but Heterocentron will turn out something marvellous like Lythrum.

Would like to know what AG thinks of last chapter of Orchids.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  21 Aug [1862]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (67)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3692

Matches: 36 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   21 August [1862] …
  • … of Harvard University (67) Charles Robert Darwin Southampton 21 Aug [1862] Asa Gray …
  • … from scarlet fever (see letter from W.  E. Darwin, 5 August 1862  and n.  8). According to …
  • … travelled to Southampton on 13 August 1862; on the same date, Emma recorded that she …
  • … fever. Letter from Asa Gray, 4 August 1862 . CD refers to Joseph Trimble Rothrock , one of …
  • … comments in his letter to CD of 29 July 1862 , on the progress of the American Civil War. …
  • … Orchids , pp.  286–360). See also letter to Asa Gray, 23[–4] July [1862] and n.  21. …
  • … and on the good effects of intercrossing. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. …
  • … see letter from Asa Gray, 4 August 1862 ). Rothrock does not appear to have published his …
  • … caerulea (see letter from Asa Gray, 4 August 1862  and n.  1). He had also demonstrated …
  • … s findings in Primula , published in March 1862 ( ‘Dimorphic condition in Primula ’ ; see …
  • … experiments on P.  sinensis in January and February 1862, with similar results (see letter …
  • … to Asa Gray, 9 August [1862] and n.  13); however, he did not publish his findings until …
  • … postage stamps for Leonard Darwin (see letters to Asa Gray , 10–20 June [1862] , 23[– …
  • … 4] July [1862] , 28  …
  • … July [1862] , and …
  • … 9 August [1862] , and letters from Asa …
  • … Gray , 2–3 July 1862 , 15  …
  • … July [1862] , and …
  • … 21 July 1862 ). …
  • … Letter to Asa Gray, 9 August [1862] . CD suspected that plants of the melastomaceous genus …
  • … him (see letter from Asa Gray, 4 August 1862  and nn.  3–6). Having obtained a specimen of …
  • … he reported in his letter to Gray of 10–20 June [1862] . Detailing his observations on …
  • … Virginica in his letter to CD of 4 August 1862 , Gray wrote: ‘I suppose you have examined …
  • … see letter to George Bentham, 3 February [1862] ), he carried out pollination experiments …
  • … between October 1861 and January 1862, in which the crosses made with pollen from the …
  • … see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 15 [May 1862] and nn.  7–9). On 9 August, CD again compared …
  • … continuing to work on the family throughout 1862 and 1863, CD was not able to account for …
  • … 302). In his letter to CD of 4 August 1862 , Gray commented that, since he was preparing …
  • … spent preparing his Genera plantarum (Bentham and Hooker 1862 –83), see the letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 9 February [1862] , and the letter to …
  • … Asa Gray, 21 April [1862] . Letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 20 August 1862 . T.  H.  Huxley  …
  • … 1863a ; see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 20 August 1862 . In …
  • … his letter to CD of 4 August 1862 , Gray mentioned that he could see no nectar in the …
  • … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 77–96. [ Collected papers 2: 45–63. ] Forms of …

To W. E. Darwin   30 [October 1862]

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Summary

Thanks WED for observations on Lythrum.

Discusses family affairs.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  30 [Oct 1862]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 107
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3789

Matches: 25 hits

  • … E.  Darwin, [25 October 1862] . …
  • … To W.  E.  Darwin   30 [October 1862] …
  • … DAR 210.6: 107 Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 [Oct 1862] William Erasmus Darwin …
  • … the relationship to the letter from W.  E.  Darwin, 28 October 1862 . See letter to W.   …
  • … E.  Darwin, [25 October 1862] and n.  2, and letter from W.   …
  • … E.  Darwin, 28 October 1862 . CD reported this observation in ‘Three forms of Lythrum …
  • … Bibliography Anon. 1862. Mr Darwin’s …
  • … orchids. Saturday Review 14 (1862): 486. Collected papers : The collected papers of …
  • … DAR 242), and the letters from Emma Darwin to W.  E.  Darwin, [19 November 1862] and [ …
  • … 2 December 1862? ], in DAR 219.1: 67–8). William had probably …
  • … the anonymous review of Orchids that appeared in the Saturday Review of 18 October 1862 ( …
  • … Anon 1862 ); there is a copy of the review in CD’s Scrapbook of reviews (DAR 226.1). …
  • … See letter from W.  E.  Darwin, 21 October [1862] and n.  4, and letter to W.   …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. ‘Three forms of Lythrum salicaria ’: On the …
  • … See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 27 [October 1862] and n.  2. The excitement of conversation …
  • … suffered a severe attack on 21 October 1862, following the visit to Down House of three …
  • … see letter to John Lubbock, 23 October [1862] ). Following Lubbock’s visit to Down House …
  • … See letter from John Lubbock, 25 October 1862  and n.  5. Greenstreet Green is a village …
  • … Down. See letter from John Lubbock, 25 October 1862 , n.  5. Elizabeth Darwin started at a …
  • … Darwin to W.  E.  Darwin, [29 October 1862] , in DAR 219.1: 63). The Darwins’ governess, …
  • … year. See the letters from Emma Darwin to William Erasmus Darwin , [2 March 1862], [27  …
  • … May 1862], and [ …
  • … 6 November 1862], in DAR 219.1: 49, 57, 64; see also Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242), and …
  • … north-west of Down. On Saturday 1 November 1862, Emma Darwin recorded in her diary (DAR …
  • … than one occasion in November and December 1862, having become friendly with Elinor Mary …

To H. G. Bronn   30 June [1862]

Summary

Encloses answers and corrections [concerning Orchids]. Thanks HGB for translating it.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Heinrich Georg Bronn
Date:  30 June [1862]
Classmark:  Bronn trans. 1862; DAR 143: 155; Houghton Library, Harvard University (MS Lowell Autograph File 83)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3630

Matches: 39 hits

  • … To H.  G.  Bronn   30 June [1862] …
  • … Bronn trans. 1862; DAR 143: 155; Houghton Library, Harvard University (MS Lowell …
  • … Autograph File 83) Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 June [1862] Heinrich Georg Bronn …
  • … that, also, the stigma is slightly concave and viscid. (Addition made in June 1862. ) …
  • … Translated from Bronn trans.  1862, p.  169 n. Cypripedium is discussed in ‘Fertilization …
  • … the letter from H.  G.  Bronn, 21 June 1862 . CD had been suffering from eczema for three …
  • … weeks (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 [June 1862] ). Bronn was translating Orchids …
  • … into German (Bronn trans.  1862). For Bronn’s questions concerning the translation, see …
  • … the letter from H.  G.  Bronn, 21 June 1862 ; for CD’s answers, see enclosure 1. Although …
  • … p.  149). Translated from Bronn trans.  1862, p.  97 n. A similar passage is included in ‘ …
  • … have not been found; however, see the letters to Asa Gray , 10–20 June [1862] and n.   …
  • … 16, and 1 July [1862] and nn.  3 and 4. …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Origin : On the origin of species by means …
  • … fertilised by Diptera. (Postscript, June 1862. ) [p.  75 (bottom line) removed*] [*] My …
  • … I have seen myself. (Postscript, June 1862. ) [p.  82 (13 lines from bottom) nectary*] [*] …
  • … of these moths. (Postscript, June 1862. ) [p.  88 (top line) other*] [*] Professor Asa …
  • … in Pl.  chlorantha. (Postscript, June 1862. ) [p.  152 (1 line from bottom) insects*] [*] …
  • … Diptera and Hymenoptera. (Postscript, June 1862. ) [p.  156 (bottom line) Listera*] [*] I …
  • … have not been located, Bronn trans.  1862 includes some additions by CD in the form …
  • … of footnotes, most of which are dated June 1862. As these printed additions presumably …
  • … 2, and keyed to the relevant passages in Bronn trans.  1862. See also letter to H.   …
  • … G.  Bronn, 11 July 1862 . Letter from E.   …
  • … Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 7 June 1862 . CD’s letter to Christian Friedrich …
  • … German translation of Orchids (Bronn trans.  1862) in the Darwin Library–Down. CD refers …
  • … and day’ for two months (see letters from H.   G.  Bronn, 21 June [1862] , and from E.   …
  • … sche Verlagsbuchhandlung , 11 July 1862). George Howard Darwin’s observations on the …
  • … orchid) are detailed in a note dated 20 June 1862, which is in DAR 70: 13–14. See also the …
  • … letter from W.  E. Darwin, June 1862 . Translated from …
  • … Bronn trans.  1862, p.  22 n. A similar passage is included in ‘Fertilization of …
  • … are detailed in a series of notes dated 22–7 June 1862, which are in DAR 70: 32–6. …
  • … See also the letters from Frederick Smith , 27 June [1862] and …
  • … 28 June 1862 . Empis livida is a species of dance fly. O.  latifolia is a synonym of …
  • … orchid. Translated from Bronn trans.  1862, pp.  47–8 n. A similar passage is included …
  • … conopsea are detailed in a series of notes dated 21–4 June 1862, which are in DAR 70: 30. …
  • … Translated from Bronn trans.  1862, p.  52 n. A similar passage is included in ‘ …
  • … has not been found; however, see the letter to Asa Gray, 1 July [1862] and nn.  3 and 4. …
  • … Translated from Bronn trans.  1862, pp.  55–6 n. A similar passage is included in ‘ …
  • … cordata , heartleaf twayblade) in his letter to CD of 30 May 1862 . Translated from …
  • … Bronn trans.  1862, pp.  94–5 n. This passage occurs in ‘Fertilization of orchids’ , pp.   …

To J. D. Hooker   [10–]12 November [1862]

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Summary

So JDH did write the Gardeners’ Chronicle review [of Orchids]! CD guessed it from the little slap at R. Brown.

Dawson’s lecture has nothing new. Absurd to assume Greenland under water during whole of glacial period. Suggests absence of certain plants in Greenland due to seeds not surviving in sea-water. Suggests an experiment on vitality in sea-water of plants that might be in Greenland. Is more willing to admit a Norway–Greenland land connection than most other cases.

Urges JDH to warn Tyndall on his glacial theory of valleys in Switzerland.

Is working on cultivated plants.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  [10–]12 Nov [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 169
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3801

Matches: 34 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   [10–]12 November [1862] …
  • … DAR 115: 169 Charles Robert Darwin Down [10–]12 Nov [1862] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … drinking by George Chichester Oxenden (see letters from G.  C.  Oxenden, 21 June 1862  and …
  • … 17 September [1862] ). …
  • … Collins. 1958. [Campbell, George Douglas. ] 1862. [Review of Orchids and other works. ] …
  • … more than one day (see n.  16, below). Letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 7 November 1862 . In …
  • … his letter to CD of 7 November 1862 , Hooker admitted having written the anonymous review …
  • … 1863b , p. [vii]). The trade sale referred to was held on 4 November 1862 ( Athenæum , …
  • … 8 November 1862, p.  595). [ …
  • … G.  D.  Campbell] 1862 . See letter from J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 16 September 1862  and n.  4. See n.  5, above. This disinfectant liquid …
  • … the good effects of intercrossing. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Tyndall, …
  • … John. 1862. On the conformation of the Alps. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin …
  • … with his letter to Hooker of 3 November [1862] a list of species of which he required …
  • … plant sensitivity and movement (see letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 26 September [1862] , 27 [ …
  • … October 1862] , and …
  • … 3 November [1862] , and letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 25 October 1862 ). See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 7 November 1862  and n.  18. George Snow operated a carrier service between …
  • … Thursday ( Freeman 1978 ). See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 24 [November 1862] and n.  15. …
  • … The extract from Tyndall 1862  has not been identified. Charles Lyell’s book, Antiquity of …
  • … Mabberley 1985 ). In his letter of 7 November 1862 , Hooker told CD that he feared Lindley …
  • … for comparison (see letter to J.  D.   Hooker, 27 [October 1862] , and letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 2 November 1862 ). Lindley was secretary of the Horticultural Society of …
  • … 12. Dawson 1862a . See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 7 November 1862  and n.  12. See letter …
  • … from J.  D.  Hooker, 2 November 1862  and n.  13. See letter …
  • … from J.  D.  Hooker, 7 November 1862 . Between 1855 and 1857, CD had carried out a number …
  • … 6). See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 3 March 1862 . CD refers to glacial striations, the …
  • … as a result of the extreme cold (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 4 November [1862] ). In …
  • … his letter to CD of 7 November  1862 , Hooker mentioned having considered ‘the probability …
  • … letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 4 November [1862] and n.  6. The reference is to the Shrewsbury …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 7 November 1862 . The reference is to John William Dawson . …
  • … above. In his letter of 4 November [1862] , CD asked Hooker for a reference to Australian …
  • … of famine. Hooker’s reply of 7 November 1862 is incomplete; however, the missing portion …

To Asa Gray   16 October [1862]

Summary

Lythrum salicaria is coming out clear.

Would be glad of Nesaea seed.

Is disappointed with Melastoma, but is sure there is something curious to be made out.

His experiments with poisons on Drosera lead him to conclude that it possesses something analogous to nervous matter.

Comments on natural hybrids of Verbascum.

Deplores the Civil War and the feelings it has fostered in Britain.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  16 Oct [1862]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (81)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3766

Matches: 33 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   16 October [1862] …
  • … Herbarium of Harvard University (81) Charles Robert Darwin Down 16 Oct [1862] Asa Gray …
  • … American correspondent for The Times in 1862 (Brogan ed.  1975, p.  xvi). Like Asa Gray , …
  • … See also letter to Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] and n.  8. James Floy . [Lindley] 1846 . …
  • … year is established by the relationship to the letter from Asa Gray, 22 September 1862 . …
  • … Letters from Asa Gray , 5 September 1862  and …
  • … 22 September 1862 . ‘Silliman’s journal’ was the name commonly given to the American …
  • … not been found. Gray had already sent CD part of the July 1862 number of the journal (see …
  • … letter to Asa Gray, 28 July [1862] ); the subsequent …
  • … number (September 1862) contained several notes by Gray in the section headed ‘Scientific …
  • … Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1985–. D[icey], E[dward]. 1862. The outlook of the …
  • … war. Daily News , 4 September 1862, p. 3. …
  • … reprinted from Macmillan’s Magazine 6 (1862): 408–20. ‘Dimorphic condition in Primula ’: …
  • … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 77–96. [ Collected papers 2: 45–63. ] Dupree, …
  • … out on Lythrum salicaria in the summer of 1862, the notes from which are in DAR 27.2. …
  • … In his letter of 9 August [1862] , CD had asked Gray to make observations on, and, if …
  • … verticillatus , swamp loosestrife). See also letters from Asa Gray , 5 September 1862  and …
  • … 22 September 1862 . See letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 14 [October 1862] and n.  7. Gray’s pupil, Joseph Trimble Rothrock , had …
  • … caerulea , the results from which Gray sent to CD in his letter of 4 August 1862 . In …
  • … his letter to CD of 22 September 1862 , Gray suggested that CD draw up an account of …
  • … see letter to Asa Gray, [3–]4 September [1862] and n.  10). CD included Rothrock’s …
  • … holiday in Bournemouth on 30 September 1862; CD began work on the section of Variation …
  • … Facts of variation of Plants’ on 7 October 1862 (see ‘Journal’ ( Correspondence vol.  10, …
  • … an account of the trials made on Drosera in Bournemouth in 1862, see the letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 26 September [1862] . There are notes in DAR 54: 29– …
  • … this species between 14 and 26 September 1862. CD did not again work extensively on the …
  • … plants. See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 6 October [1862] , and letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [12 October 1862] . See …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 22 September 1862 . Gray …
  • … had sent a copy of D[icey] 1862 , which discussed the American Civil War, with …
  • … his letter to CD of 22 September 1862 . …
  • … On 22 September 1862, Abraham Lincoln issued a preliminary emancipation proclamation, …

To Asa Gray   23 November [1862]

Summary

Recommends H. W. Bates’s paper on butterflies of Amazonia ["Insect fauna of the Amazon valley", Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 23 (1862): 495–566].

Lyell’s book [Antiquity of man (1863)] is eagerly awaited.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  23 Nov [1862]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (49)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3820

Matches: 31 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   23 November [1862] …
  • … Herbarium of Harvard University (49) Charles Robert Darwin Down 23 Nov [1862] Asa Gray …
  • … Amazon valley", Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 23 (1862): 495–566]. Lyell’s book [ Antiquity of …
  • … work is in the Darwin Library–CUL). The leader in The Times of 22 November 1862 (pp.   …
  • … 8–9) reported that on 7 November 1862, George Brindle McClellan had been removed from …
  • … London: Trübner. Bates, Henry Walter. 1862. Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon …
  • … relationship to the letter from Asa Gray, 27 October 1862 . From Gray’s reply, it appears …
  • … letter and the letter to Gray of 26[–7] November [1862] were posted in the same envelope ( …
  • … see letter from Asa Gray, 29 December 1862 ). See …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 27 October 1862  and n.   …
  • … 1. Since June 1862, Gray had regularly sent Leonard Darwin North American postage stamps …
  • … to attend Clapham Grammar School, in south London, in January 1862; however, he became ill …
  • … 446–58. [Campbell, George Douglas. ] 1862. [Review of Orchids and other works. ] Edinburgh …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Variation : The variation of animals and …
  • … with scarlet fever in June  1862, and apparently did not return to the school until …
  • … January 1863 (see letter to W.  E.  Darwin, 26 April [1862] , n.  2). …
  • … See letter from Asa Gray, 27 October 1862  and n.  2. CD refers to Gray’s follow-up …
  • … Journal of Science and Arts in November 1862; the journal was commonly known as ‘Silliman’ …
  • … expressed a hope in his letter of 27 October 1862  that he would be able to send proof- …
  • … his letter to CD of 10 November 1862 . CD made this statement under a misapprehension: he …
  • … Gray 1862a with his letter of 15 July [1862] ; although the review is listed in the List …
  • … Pamphlet Collection–CUL. [G.  D.  Campbell] 1862 ; there is an annotated copy of this work …
  • … See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 18 [November 1862] , n.  9. Hensleigh and Frances Julia …
  • … of Max Müller 1861 ([H.  Wedgwood and F.  J.  Wedgwood] 1862) appeared in Macmillan’ …
  • … s Magazine for November 1862. The attribution to F.  J.   …
  • … William Erasmus Darwin of [13 November 1862] (DAR 219.1: 69). In addition, the Wellesley …
  • … p. [vii]). John Murray’s annual trade sale was held on 4 November 1862 ( Athenæum , …
  • … 8 November 1862, p.  595). According to his ‘Journal’ ( Correspondence vol.  10, …
  • … Plants’ between 7 October and 11 December 1862. The material formed chapters 9 and 10 of …
  • … of the letter from Gray of 29 December 1862 ; however, in the section on strawberries in …
  • … See letter to Asa Gray, [3–]4 September [1862] . CD refers to Louis Agassiz’s concept of …

To J. D. Hooker   25 [and 26] January [1862]

thumbnail

Summary

His answer to Asa Gray.

On JDH’s view of aristocracy. Primogeniture is dreadfully opposed to selection.

Orchid book proofs ready soon – has no idea whether it is worth publishing.

Huxley on Owen.

Feeble letter from J. H. Balfour against Huxley’s lectures ["Relation of man to lower animals", pt 2 of Man’s place in nature (1863)].

Has received the "astounding" Angraecum sesquipedale with nectary 1ft long: "what insect could suck it?"

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  25 [and 26] Jan [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 141
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3411

Matches: 28 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   25 [and 26] January [1862] …
  • … DAR 115: 141 Charles Robert Darwin Down 25 [and 26] Jan [1862] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … to Schroeder van der Kolk and Vrolik 1862 (see n.  11, below). The postscript was probably …
  • … of the letter (see n.  19, below). Letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [19 January 1862] . See …
  • … letter to Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] and nn.  8 and 9. The reference is to Jane Loring …
  • … letter from Robert Bateman, [28 January 1862] and Kritsky 1991 . See the letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [25 January 1862] , in which Hooker provided CD with a list of dimorphic plant …
  • … to procure specimens for him. CD responded to Hooker in his letter of 30 January [1862] . …
  • … Bibliography Bates, Henry Walter. 1862. Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Stearn, William T. 1956. Bentham and Hooker’ …
  • … OED ). See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [19 January 1862] . See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [19 January 1862] . The first part …
  • … of volume 1 of Genera plantarum (Bentham and Hooker 1862 –83) was published …
  • … on 7 August 1862 ( Stearn 1956 , p.  130). …
  • … Orchids was published in May 1862 ( Freeman 1977 , p.  112). …
  • … In his letter of [19 January 1862] , Hooker, commenting on Huxley’s delight at the …
  • … makes a noise’. Richard Owen . See letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 13 January 1862  and n.  5. …
  • … CD refers to Schroeder van der Kolk and Vrolik 1862. See also letter to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 14 [January 1862] and n.  5. Letter from …
  • … J.  H.  Balfour, 14 January 1862 . J.  D.  Hooker 1862a appeared in the January issue of …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [19 January 1862] and n.  22). The paper was published with …
  • … Linnean Society of London on 16 January 1862 ( Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean …
  • … 6: lviii). See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [19 January 1862] and n.  15. See letter …
  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, 25 February [1862] and n.  10. …
  • … William Borrer died on 10 January 1862 (see letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [19 January 1862] ). CD had hoped to obtain plants and seeds from him. This …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [25 January 1862] , and was thus probably added on 26 January. …
  • … See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [25 January 1862] . CD thanked James Bateman for his …

To Asa Gray   2 January [1863]

Summary

Thanks AG for Cypripedium and Mitchella.

Plans to investigate pollination of Cypripedium.

Has finished Linum paper [Collected papers 2: 93–105].

Would welcome facts on "bud-variations".

Hears that Cinchona is dimorphic.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  2 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (56)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3897

Matches: 45 hits

  • … letter to J.  D. Hooker, 24 December [1862] ). The construction was undertaken in 1863, …
  • … by the relationship of this letter to the letters from Asa Gray , 24 November 1862  and …
  • … 9 December 1862 ( Correspondence vol.  10). …
  • … CD reported feeling unwell in late December 1862 (see Correspondence vol.  10, letter from …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, [21 December 1862] , and letter to W.   …
  • … B.  Tegetmeier, 27 [December 1862] ). In a …
  • … to William Erasmus Darwin of [13 December 1862] (DAR 219.1: 69), Emma Darwin commented: ‘ …
  • … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 77–96. [ Collected papers 2: 45–63. ] EB : The …
  • … Gnetaceæ. [Read 16 January and 18 December 1862. ] ]Transactions of the Linnean Society …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Planchon, Jules Emile. 1847–8. Sur la …
  • … very uncomf—’. See Correspondence vol.  10, letters from Asa Gray , 24 November 1862  and …
  • … 9 December 1862 . Gray had sent CD a box containing specimens of Mitchella and Cypripedium …
  • … Africa (see Correspondence vol.  10, letter from Asa Gray, 9 December 1862 , and letter to …
  • … James Anderson, 23 December [1862] ). In his letter of 11 October 1861 ( Correspondence …
  • … the plant with his letter of 15 July [1862] ( Correspondence vol.  10). CD’s experimental …
  • … vol.  10, letter to Asa Gray, 6 November [1862] ). Cooper referred to Mitchella as the ‘ …
  • … 274–5. See Correspondence vol.  10, letter from Asa Gray, 17 November 1862 , letter to Asa …
  • … Gray, 26[–7] November [1862] , and CD’s experimental note dated 19 April [1863] in DAR 70: …
  • … and published in the same journal in 1862. Jules Emile Planchon described the different …
  • … experimenting with the plant since March 1862 (see Correspondence vol.  9, letter from Asa …
  • … vol.  10, letter to Asa Gray, 15 March [1862] ). His results are given in Forms of …
  • … see Correspondence vol.  10, letters to G.  H.  K.  Thwaites, 15 June [1862] and …
  • … 29 December [1862] ). See also Correspondence vol.  9, letter from Asa Gray, [27 and 29  …
  • … IV). Letter from J.  D.  Dana, 4 December 1862 ( Correspondence vol.  10). In 1859, James …
  • … At CD’s request, Gray had, since the summer of 1862, sent United States postage stamps for …
  • … Correspondence vol.  10, letter to Asa Gray, 10–20 June [1862] , and letter from Asa …
  • … Gray, 2–3 July 1862 ). …
  • … Gray’s letter of 24 November 1862 ( Correspondence vol.  10) had been sent using a ‘ …
  • … beginning work on this chapter in October 1862 (see Correspondence vol.  10, Appendix II), …
  • … cultivated (see Correspondence vol.  10, letters to Asa Gray , 23 November [1862] and 26[– …
  • … 7] November [1862] ). Gray replied to CD’s …
  • … section of his letter of 29 December 1862 ( Correspondence vol.  10), which CD received …
  • … of Horticulture , [before 25 November 1862] ( Correspondence vol.  10), and the annotated …
  • … articles on strawberries in CD’s issues of the Gardeners’ Chronicle (8 November 1862, p.   …
  • … 1053, and 22 November 1862, p.  1101), which are in the Cory Library, Cambridge Botanic …
  • … dealing with ‘bud-variation’ on 21 December 1862 (see Correspondence vol.  10, Appendix …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 20 August 1862 ). He read his account of this unusual plant …
  • … meetings on 16 January and 18 December 1862  ( J.  D.  Hooker 1862d ). See Correspondence …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [21 December 1862] . On 17 January 1863, Hooker travelled to …
  • … of Fredericksburg, fought on 13 December 1862; the Union army suffered one of its worst …
  • … Boott (see Correspondence vol.  10, letter from Asa Gray, 24 November 1862 ). However, …
  • … in his letter of 26 December 1862 ( ibid. ), Boott asked that CD stop sending them since …
  • … in affected areas; between June and December 1862, the Cotton Districts Relief Fund had …
  • … cotton workers, making contributions on 14 July, 19 September, and 23 November 1862. …
  • … At the end of 1862, CD planned to build a hothouse in the garden at Down House (see …

To Asa Gray   10–20 June [1862]

Summary

Thanks AG for praise of Orchids and his notes on several American species of orchid. Comments on AG’s observations.

Is experimenting [on dimorphism] with Rhexia and Melastoma.

Asks AG’s opinion of a paper by Thomas Meehan ["On the uniformity of relative characters between allied species of European and American trees", Proc. Philadelphia Acad. Nat. Sci. (1862): 10–13] which is the best case of the apparently direct action of the conditions of life CD has seen.

Requests postage stamp for his ill son [Leonard].

Thanks AG for observations on Cypripedium and gives recent observations of his own.

Arethusa is very pretty; structure seems like that of Vanilla.

Finds the little (so-called imperfect) flowers of Viola and Oxalis curious: the pollen-grains emit their tubes whilst within the anthers, and they travel in straight lines right to the stigmas.

Sympathises with events in the U. S.

Reports on French translation of Origin by Mlle C. Royer, "one of the cleverest & oddest women in Europe".

Alphonse de Candolle says he wants direct proof of natural selection; "he will have to wait a long time for that".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  10–20 June [1862]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (66)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3595

Matches: 43 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   10–20 June [1862] …
  • … Herbarium of Harvard University (66) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10–20 June [1862] Asa Gray …
  • … trees", Proc. Philadelphia Acad. Nat. Sci. (1862): 10–13] which is the best case of the …
  • … Orchids . In the letter from Asa Gray, 18 May 1862 , Gray gave his first reactions to the …
  • … CD.  The portion of this letter dated 26 May 1862 has not been found. See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [17 May 1862] , and letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [18 May 1862] . See …
  • … also letter from Daniel Oliver, 14 May 1862 , and letter from …
  • … See letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 . The reference is to Linnaeus 1751 , …
  • … Murray’s letter has not been found, but see the letter to John Murray, 20 [June 1862] . …
  • … Godofr. Kiesewetter. Meehan, Thomas. 1862. On the uniformity of relative characters …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. Origin : On the origin of species by means …
  • … George Bentham, 15 May  1862 . CD refers to Mormodes luxata ; there are …
  • … sent to him by Sigismund Rucker on 8 June 1862 in DAR 70: 99–102. The only species of …
  • … see the letter from Asa Gray, 18 May 1862 , in which Gray mentioned having transplanted …
  • … the book (see letter from Asa Gray, 18 May 1862 ). Christian Friedrich Schweizerbart was …
  • … see letter from E.  Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 7 June 1862 ). See …
  • … letters to John Murray , 13 June [1862] and …
  • … 20 [June 1862] . In …
  • … his letter to CD of 18 May 1862 , Gray mentioned that he had sent some copies of his …
  • … of holly (see letter to Asa Gray, 21 April [1862] ). Gray replied that the nearest hollies …
  • … some (see letter from Asa Gray, 18 May 1862 ). Suspecting that Rhexia , a member of the …
  • … see letter to Asa Gray, 16 February [1862] ); if Gray found that there were not two forms, …
  • … flowers (see letter to Asa Gray, 15 March [1862] ). Gray offered to ‘set to watching’ R.   …
  • … doubted whether the plant was dimorphic (see letter from Asa Gray, 6 March [1862] ). See …
  • … also letter to Asa Gray, 21 April [1862] and n.  13. CD had recently received a specimen …
  • … to experiment (see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [29 May 1862] , and the experimental notes, …
  • … dated 1 June – 2 July 1862, in DAR 205.8: 14–15). CD had been experimenting since the end …
  • … his crossing experiment with H.  roseum (see letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 15 [May 1862] and …
  • … 30 May [1862] ). CD’s notes on the crossing experiments with …
  • … in February and harvested in April and May 1862 are in DAR 205.8: 22–33, 37, and 39. They …
  • … kinds of anther (DAR 205.8: 30, 31). Meehan 1862 ; there is an annotated copy of the paper …
  • … Meehan , having noticed that ( Meehan 1862 , pp.  10–11): European willows, oaks and other …
  • … came home with sc.  fever’ on 12 June 1862. The notes referred to have not been found; CD …
  • … also letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 4 November [1862] and n.  10. Orchids , pp.  346–51. In the …
  • … 6 and 7, above. See letter from Asa Gray, [2 June 1862] . Gray enclosed some flower-buds …
  • … orchid Arethusa with his letter of [2 June 1862] . CD described the manner of pollination …
  • … at the end of May (see letter from J.   D.  Hooker, [29 May 1862] and n.  2). See n.   …
  • … 16, above. See letter from Asa Gray, [2 June 1862] and n.  2. …
  • … There is a note dated 16 June 1862, recording CD’s observations on the ‘little imperfect …
  • … CD’s observations on Viola , see the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 May [1862] and n.  7. …
  • … Royer trans.  1862. The first edition of Clémence Auguste …
  • … translation of Origin was published on 31 May 1862 ( Journal Générale de l’Imprimerie et …

To Alphonse de Candolle   17 June [1862]

Summary

Is pleased that AdeC is interested in the Primula case ["Dimorphic condition of Primula", Collected papers 2: 45–63]. Is pursuing analogous experiments on other plants and on seedlings raised from the unions.

CD’s "large work" progresses slowly owing to ill health and his work on Orchids.

CD is not surprised that AdeC is unwilling to admit natural selection – "the subject hardly admits of direct proof or evidence. It will be believed in only by those who think that it connects & partly explains several large classes of facts".

Hopes AdeC will publish on Quercus

and rejoices that he intends to return to the study of geographical distribution. No one can claim to have read AdeC’s truly great work on that subject [Géographie botanique (1855)] with more care than CD.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alphonse de Candolle
Date:  17 June [1862]
Classmark:  Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3608

Matches: 29 hits

  • … To Alphonse de Candolle   17 June [1862] …
  • … private collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 17 June [1862] Alphonse de Candolle …
  • … Letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 . …
  • … In January and February 1862, CD carried out crossing experiments with Primula sinensis …
  • … and heteromorphic crosses (see letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 7 March [1862] and n.   …
  • … 10, and 23 June [1862] and n.  4). (By ‘homomorphic unions’, CD meant crosses in which …
  • … from Leonard’s illness’. See letter from George Bentham, 15 May 1862 , and letter from …
  • … Asa Gray, 18 May 1862 . See also letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [17 May 1862] , and letter to Asa …
  • … Gray, 10–20 June [1862] . Candolle’s name is included on CD’s presentation list for …
  • … vol.  10, Appendix IV). See letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 . See …
  • … letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862  and n.  10. A.   de Candolle 1855 . There …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. ‘Three forms of Lythrum salicaria ’: On the …
  • … 1861 (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 23 June [1862] and n.  4), but also investigating the …
  • … see, for example, letter to George Bentham, 3 February [1862] , letters to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 9 February [1862] , 15 [ …
  • … May 1862] , and …
  • … 30 May [1862] , and letters to …
  • … Asa Gray , 15 March [1862] and 10– …
  • … 20 June [1862] ). See …
  • … also letters to Daniel Oliver , 12 [April 1862] and …
  • … 15 April [1862] , letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 30 May [1862] , and letter to Asa …
  • … Gray, 10–20 June [1862] . See …
  • … letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862  and n.  5. CD and many of his household …
  • … early in the year (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 16 January [1862] , and letter to …
  • … Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] ). Horace Darwin became ill during January and had suffered …
  • … letter to W.  E.  Darwin, 14 February [1862] ). On 12 June, Leonard Darwin was sent home …
  • … see letter to W.  E.  Darwin, 13 [June 1862] ). In his ‘Journal’ (see Correspondence …

To Asa Gray   14 July [1862]

Summary

Adaptations of orchid flowers. Believes the structure of all irregular flowers is adaptation to insect fertilisation.

Linum grandiflorum distinguishes its own pollen so that when placed on stigma of same flower the pollen-tube is not even exserted.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  14 July [1862]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (70)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3656

Matches: 30 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   14 July [1862] …
  • … Herbarium of Harvard University (70) Charles Robert Darwin Down 14 July [1862] Asa Gray …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. ‘Two forms in species of Linum ’: On the …
  • … species of orchids (see letter to Asa Gray, 1 July [1862] ). Entries in Emma Darwin’ …
  • … s diary (DAR 242) for 5 and 6 July 1862 state that Leonard’s ‘neck swelled’ and that he …
  • … from ‘bad symptom of kydney’. See also letters to W.  E.  Darwin, 4 [July 1862] and …
  • … 9 July [1862] . In the …
  • … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 77–96. [ Collected papers 2: 45–63. ] Dupree, …
  • … Belknap Press of Harvard University. [Leifchild, John R. ] 1862. Review of Orchids , by …
  • … Charles Darwin. Athenæum , 24 May 1862, pp. 683–5. Orchids : On the various contrivances …
  • … letter to Asa Gray, 10–20 June [1862] , CD had asked Gray to provide Leonard with several …
  • … in the letter to Asa Gray, 10–20 June [1862] . In DAR 70: 80, there is a note in CD’s hand …
  • … See also letter to H.  G.  Bronn, 11 July 1862  and n.  4. In 1860, CD had asked James …
  • … volume, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 1 May [1862] ). Drummond supplied CD with one instance …
  • … may be to the review of Orchids that appeared in the Athenæum on 24 May 1862, pp.   …
  • … 683–5 ( [Leifchild] 1862 ). The reviewer contrasted CD’s pursuits with the fear of war …
  • … fertilisation of orchids ( Athenæum , 24 May 1862, p.  685): the greatest care is taken …
  • … s comments on his college duties, see the letters from Asa Gray , [2 June 1862] , [late …
  • … June 1862] , and 2– …
  • … 3 July 1862 . Joseph Dalton Hooker had taken his wife, Frances Harriet Hooker , to …
  • … that she might recover her health (see letters from J.  D.  Hooker, 9 June 1862 , 19 [ …
  • … June 1862] , 28  …
  • … June 1862 , 2  …
  • … July 1862 , and …
  • … 10 July 1862 ). See letter from E.   …
  • … Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 11 July 1862 . …
  • … In May and June 1862, Heinrich Georg Bronn had translated Orchids in preparation for …
  • … a German edition (Bronn trans.  1862; see letter from H.   …
  • … G.  Bronn, 21 June 1862 ); he died …
  • … on 5 July 1862 ( Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 19 (1863): …

To J. D. Hooker   7 March [1862]

thumbnail

Summary

CD wishes he could sympathise with Asa Gray’s politics.

Orchids to appear soon.

Pre-glacial Arctic distribution.

Work on floral dimorphism.

High opinion of Buckle as a writer.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  7 Mar [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 185
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3468

Matches: 28 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   7 March [1862] …
  • … DAR 115: 185 Charles Robert Darwin Down 7 Mar [1862] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … n.  3, below). See the letter from Asa Gray, 18 February 1862 , which is a reply to the …
  • … letter to Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] . CD’s letter has not been found, but see the letter …
  • … from J.  D. Hooker, 3 March 1862 . CD’s paper, ‘Three sexual forms of …
  • … before the Linnean Society of London on 3 April 1862. CD’s publisher, John Murray , issued …
  • … Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. ‘Three sexual forms of Catasetum tridentatum ’: …
  • … the possession of the Linnean Society. By Charles Darwin. [Read 3 April 1862. ] Journal of …
  • … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 151–7. [ Collected papers 2: 63–70. ] …
  • … the first edition of Orchids on 15 May 1862. Although favourably reviewed, the book sold …
  • … slowly. See letter to John Murray, 9 April [1862] , and Freeman 1977 , p.  112. J.  D.   …
  • … Hooker 1861a . See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 3 March 1862 . See letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 25 February [1862] , and letters from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 27 February 1862  and …
  • … 3 March 1862 . Link 1821 . See letter from …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, 27 February 1862  and n.  5. See letter …
  • … from C.  W.  Crocker, 17 February 1862 . CD’s letter has not been found. The …
  • … letters from C.  W.  Crocker, [before 13 March 1862] and …
  • … 13 March 1862  give an indication of the experiments Crocker agreed to carry out for CD. …
  • … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 77–96. [ Collected papers 2: 45–63. ] Freeman, …
  • … of crosses in late January and February 1862, some of the results of which were later …
  • … 431–7, letter to T.  H. Huxley, 14 [January 1862] and n.  9, and Correspondence vol.   …
  • … VI). See also letter to Alphonse de Candolle, 17 June [1862] and n.  2, letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 23 June [1862] and n.   …
  • … 4, and letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] . In ‘Illegitimate offspring of dimorphic …
  • … equal-styled variety of Primula sinensis in 1862 by observing some anomalous flowers in a …
  • … from these observations and experiments, dated 27 February – 30 March, 24 April 1862, and …
  • … 30 May 1862, are in DAR 108: 38 v. , 56–66. CD had read and greatly admired the first …
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Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments

Summary

1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…

Matches: 28 hits

  • … As the sheer volume of his correspondence indicates, 1862 was a particularly productive year for …
  • … be so’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] ). I have not the least …
  • … him from this view ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 14 [January 1862] ): 'no doubt you are right …
  • … Huxley replied ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 20 January 1862 ): 'I entertain no doubt that …
  • … but continued ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 18 December [1862] ): 'you say the answer to …
  • … but complained ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 28 December [1862] ): 'To get the degree of …
  • … him the commission ( see letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ). Darwin was altogether taken …
  • … is no common man’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] ). Two sexual forms: …
  • … with his study of  Primula  and escalated throughout 1862 as he searched for other cases of …
  • … 1861, and was published in the society’s journal in March 1862. The paper described the two …
  • … in almost daily’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] ). In a postscript, he mentioned his work …
  • … telling Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 March [1862] ): ‘I am nearly sure that daylight is …
  • … great’, he told Gray ( letter to Asa Gray, 10–20 June [1862] ), ‘I have lately counted one by one …
  • …  labour over them’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 [October 1862] ; see ML 2: 292–3). Other …
  • … of dimorphism’ ( letter to Daniel Oliver, 12 [April 1862] ), and experimenting to test his …
  • … sets of experiments’ ( letter to M. T. Masters, 24 July [1862] ). The materials that Darwin …
  • …  case he determined to experiment on  Linum  in 1862. Soon he was enthralled, especially by the …
  • … be generically distinct’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 14 July [1862] ). The case was so good that he …
  • … Linum  ‘at once’ ( letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ), writing up his experiments in …
  • … complex case—’ ( letter to Daniel Oliver, 29 [July 1862] ). The three forms had different lengths …
  • … who exclaimed to Gray ( letter to Asa Gray, 9 August [1862] ), ‘I am almost stark staring mad over …
  • … the Linnean Society ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 6 October [1862] ). However, it was not until 1864 …
  • … pleasure to ride’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] ). But he worried about the resulting …
  • … the Book will sell’ ( letter to John Murray, 9 [February 1862] ). To his son, William, his …
  • … every  flower’ ( letter to Daniel Oliver, 8 June [1862] ). I never before felt half so …
  • … he told Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 15 [May 1862] ). But he did not have long to wait. ‘It is …
  • … it ‘most valuable’ (letter from George Bentham, 15 May 1862).  Orchids  was published on 15 May, …
  • … all, ‘a success’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 [June 1862] ). a flank-movement on the …

Origin: the lost changes for the second German edition

Summary

Darwin sent a list of changes made uniquely to the second German edition of Origin to its translator, Heinrich Georg Bronn.  That lost list is recreated here.

Matches: 5 hits

  • … In March 1862, Heinrich Georg Bronn wrote to Darwin stating his intention to prepare a …
  • … edition (see letter from H. G. Bronn, [before 11 March 1862] ). Since the publication of the …
  • … of importance’ (see letter to H. G. Bronn, 11 March [1862] ). Darwin had sent Bronn some of these …
  • … in the new edition; in his letter to Bronn of 25 April [1862 ], he mentioned that he was sending …
  • … from E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 11 July 1862 ). (No American edition incorporating …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 8 hits

  • … in the mud. BEGINNING OF WAR IN AMERICA: 1861-1862 In which the start of the American …
  • … cause. Tension.   THE DARWIN BOYS: 1862 In which Darwin reports one …
  • … 1856 33  C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER, 14 MARCH 1862 34  JD HOOKER TO C DARWIN, …
  • … 1861 115 A GRAY TO CHARLES WRIGHT, 17 APRIL 1862 116 A GRAY TO RW CHURCH 7 MAY …
  • … 10 JUNE 1861 121  A GRAY TO C DARWIN, 31 MARCH 1862 122  JD HOOKER TO C …
  • … 16 DEC 1861 124 A GRAY TO ENGELMANN, 20 FEB 1862 125  A GRAY TO C DARWIN, 31 …
  • … 7 JULY 1863 152 C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER, DECEMBER 1862 153  JD HOOKER TO C …
  • … 1861 163  C Darwin TO A Gray, 16 OCTOBER 1862 164  C Darwin TO ASA GRAY, …

Darwin’s hothouse and lists of hothouse plants

Summary

Darwin became increasingly involved in botanical experiments in the years after the publication of Origin. The building of a small hothouse - a heated greenhouse - early in 1863  greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Towards the end of 1862, Darwin resolved to build a small hothouse at Down House, for …
  • …  vol. 10, letter to J. D. Hooker, 24 December [1862] , and volume 10, letter to Thomas Rivers, …
  • … a construction suitable for tropical plants. In 1861 and 1862, while preparing  Orchids , he was …
  • …  vol. 10, letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] and n. 13). Initially, Darwin purchased for …
  • … over the previous two years. In a letter of 24 December [1862] ( Correspondence  vol. 10) …
  • … Kent ( Post Office directory of the six home counties  1862). 3.  Asclepias curassavica. …

I beg a million pardons: To John Lubbock, [3 September 1862]

Summary

  Alison Pearn looks at a letter Darwin wrote to his neighbour and friend, John Lubbock, after making a mistake in his research on bees in 1862.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Lubbock, after making a mistake in his research on bees in 1862. …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … towards your doctrines … Huxley to Darwin, 1862. I cannot bear the thought …
  • … … Darwin to Asa Gray, in Boston, Mass., 1862. I have been greatly …

Clémence Auguste Royer

Summary

Getting Origin translated into French was harder than Darwin had expected. The first translator he approached, Madame Belloc, turned him down on the grounds that the content was ‘too scientific‘, and then in 1860 the French political exile  Pierre…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … her translation of Origin. First published in 1862, Royer’s translation of …
  • … “I received 2 or 3 days ago”, he told Asa Gray in 1862 , “a French Translation of the Origin by a …
  • … criticisms of her work always made reference to her sex. In 1862, Edouard Claparede wrote to …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Letter 3787 - Darwin, H. E. to Darwin, [29 October 1862] Henrietta Darwin provides …
  • … Letter 3634 - Darwin to Gray, A., [1 July 1862] Darwin tells American naturalist Asa …
  • … 3681  - Wedgwood, M. S. to Darwin, [before 4 August 1862] Darwin’s niece, Margaret, …
  • … lady”. Darwin, E. to Darwin, W. E. , (March, 1862 - DAR 219.1:49) Emma Darwin …
  • …  - Darwin to Wedgwood, K. E. S, M. S. & L. C., [4 August 1862] Darwin thanks his “angel …

Floral Dimorphism

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a series of smaller studies on botanical subjects. Titled The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, it consisted primarily of…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 3468 - Darwin to JD Hooker, 7 March 1862 Darwin wishes he could sympathize with Asa …
  • … Letter 3515 - Daniel Oliver to Darwin, 23 April 1862 Daniel Oliver, an assistant under …
  • … Letter 3757 - Joseph Dalton Hooker to Darwin, 12 October 1862 J. D. Hooker writes to …

Darwin & Glen Roy

Summary

Although Darwin was best known for his geological work in South America and other remote Beagle destinations, he made one noteworthy attempt to explain a puzzling feature of British geology.  In 1838, two years after returning from the voyage, he travelled…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … 1 October [1861] To Charles Lyell, 1 April [1862] To Charles Lyell, 14 October …

Have you read the one about....

Summary

... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …

Orchids

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A project to follow On the Origin of Species Darwin began to observe English orchids and collect specimens from abroad in the years immediately following the publication of On the Origin of Species. Examining…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … SOURCES Books Darwin, Charles 1862. On the various contrivances by which …
  • … 3421 —Charles Darwin to Joseph Dalton Hooker 30 January 1862 Darwin tells Hooker about a …
  • … Letter 3662 —Charles Darwin to Asa Gray 23-4 July 1862 Darwin tells Asa Gray, a professor …
  • … Darwin’s work with orchids and Chapter 1 of Darwin’s 1862 book On the various …

Forms of flowers

Summary

Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, published in 1877, investigated the structural differences in the sexual organs of flowers of the same species. It drew on and expanded five articles Darwin had published on the…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … briefly mentioned in his Primula paper. In July 1862, Darwin explained to Gray, ‘ I have …
  • … of the genus Linum ’, between 11 and 21 December 1862. The paper was read at a meeting of the …
  • … to Lythrum , a genus that he had begun researching in 1862 after Hooker had supplied him with …
  • … of Lythrum he had been working on since late July 1862. He told Oliver that, ‘ as each form has …
  • … of the crossing experiments immediately, but by October 1862, he admitted to Hooker, ‘ I am rather …
  • … 117: 50). Darwin released William from counting in November 1862, telling him, ‘ Next year I shall …

Dining at Down House

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Dining, Digestion, and Darwin's Domestic Life While Darwin is best remembered for his scientific accomplishments, he greatly valued and was strongly influenced by his domestic life. Darwin's…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 3626 —Emma Darwin to T. G. Appleton, 28 June [1862] Here Emma writes on her husband’s …
  • … Letter 3597 —Darwin to Joseph Dalton Hooker, 11 June [1862] Among bits of family news and …

Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … on  Verbascum.  Darwin had suggested to Scott in 1862, when Scott was working at the Royal Botanic …
  • … vol. 10, letter to John Scott, 19 November [1862] ). Darwin had already written to Hooker of …
  • … disturbing the serenity of the Christian world’ (Brewster 1862, p. 3). John Hutton Balfour, though …
  • …  vol. 10, letter from J. H. Balfour, 14 January 1862 ). According to Hooker, Balfour’s prejudice …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … [1859] Letter to Charles Kingsley, 6 February [1862] Letter from F. W. Farrar, …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … all of their education in the home, although he noted in 1862 that his fifteen-year-old daughter …
  • … her own wish’ (Darwin to his son William,  30 [October 1862] ). Darwin frequently discussed the …

Species and varieties

Summary

On the origin of species by means of natural selection …so begins the title of Darwin’s most famous book, and the reader would rightly assume that such a thing as ‘species’ must therefore exist and be subject to description. But the title continues, …or…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … about whether sterility could be ‘selected’. In 1862, he told Hooker, ‘I am now strongly inclined to …
  • … species distinct’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] ). In 1866, Darwin compared the …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … lady”. Darwin, E. to Darwin, W. E. , (March 1862 - DAR 219.1:49) Emma Darwin …

Sexual selection

Summary

Although natural selection could explain the differences between species, Darwin realised that (other than in the reproductive organs themselves) it could not explain the often marked differences between the males and females of the same species.  So what…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … the Lords' ( to J. D. Hooker, 25 [and 26] January [1862] ) In 1869, Darwin …
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