To Alphonse de Candolle 17 June [1862]
Summary
Is pleased that AdeC is interested in the Primula case ["Dimorphic condition of Primula", Collected papers 2: 45–63]. Is pursuing analogous experiments on other plants and on seedlings raised from the unions.
CD’s "large work" progresses slowly owing to ill health and his work on Orchids.
CD is not surprised that AdeC is unwilling to admit natural selection – "the subject hardly admits of direct proof or evidence. It will be believed in only by those who think that it connects & partly explains several large classes of facts".
Hopes AdeC will publish on Quercus
and rejoices that he intends to return to the study of geographical distribution. No one can claim to have read AdeC’s truly great work on that subject [Géographie botanique (1855)] with more care than CD.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Date: | 17 June [1862] |
Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3608 |
Matches: 29 hits
- … To Alphonse de Candolle 17 June [1862] …
- … private collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 17 June [1862] Alphonse de Candolle …
- … Letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 . …
- … In January and February 1862, CD carried out crossing experiments with Primula sinensis …
- … and heteromorphic crosses (see letters to J. D. Hooker, 7 March [1862] and n. …
- … 10, and 23 June [1862] and n. 4). (By ‘homomorphic unions’, CD meant crosses in which …
- … from Leonard’s illness’. See letter from George Bentham, 15 May 1862 , and letter from …
- … Asa Gray, 18 May 1862 . See also letter from J. …
- … D. Hooker, [17 May 1862] , and letter to Asa …
- … Gray, 10–20 June [1862] . Candolle’s name is included on CD’s presentation list for …
- … vol. 10, Appendix IV). See letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 . See …
- … letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 and n. 10. A. de Candolle 1855 . There …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. ‘Three forms of Lythrum salicaria ’: On the …
- … 1861 (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 23 June [1862] and n. 4), but also investigating the …
- … see, for example, letter to George Bentham, 3 February [1862] , letters to J. …
- … D. Hooker, 9 February [1862] , 15 [ …
- … May 1862] , and …
- … 30 May [1862] , and letters to …
- … Asa Gray , 15 March [1862] and 10– …
- … 20 June [1862] ). See …
- … also letters to Daniel Oliver , 12 [April 1862] and …
- … 15 April [1862] , letter to J. …
- … D. Hooker, 30 May [1862] , and letter to Asa …
- … Gray, 10–20 June [1862] . See …
- … letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 and n. 5. CD and many of his household …
- … early in the year (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 16 January [1862] , and letter to …
- … Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] ). Horace Darwin became ill during January and had suffered …
- … letter to W. E. Darwin, 14 February [1862] ). On 12 June, Leonard Darwin was sent home …
- … see letter to W. E. Darwin, 13 [June 1862] ). In his ‘Journal’ (see Correspondence …
From Alphonse de Candolle 18 September 1862
Summary
Praises Orchids.
He has finished his work on Quercus.
H. Lecoq has worked on hybridism,
and P. Duchartre on orchid polymorphism.
Author: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 18 Sept 1862 |
Classmark: | DAR 161.1: 11 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3730 |
Matches: 10 hits
- … From Alphonse de Candolle 18 September 1862 …
- … DAR 161.1: 11 Alphonse de Candolle Geneva 18 Sept 1862 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … l’assurance de mes sentiments très dévoués | Alph. de Candolle Genève 18 Sept. 1862. …
- … Wydler has not been identified. See also Baehni 1955 , p. 119 n. 13. Lecoq 1862 . …
- … Duchartre 1862 . See …
- … letter to Alphonse de Candolle, 17 June [1862] and n. 4. …
- … letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 . Candolle and Candolle 1824–73 , 16, pt 2: …
- … Collection–CUL. See also letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 and n. 10. …
- … accept the expression of my highest regard | Alph. de Candolle Geneva 18 Sept. 1862. …
- … and on the good effects of intercrossing. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1862. …
From Alphonse de Candolle 13 June 1862
Summary
Has read the Origin several times. His position is like Asa Gray’s: he wishes to believe in descent, but proofs of natural selection are lacking.
Looks forward to CD’s promised large book.
Thanks for Primula paper [Collected papers 2: 45–63]. Did CD sow the seeds of his crosses? One would like to know whether the two forms reappear at random.
Author: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 13 June 1862 |
Classmark: | DAR 161.1: 10 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3603 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … From Alphonse de Candolle 13 June 1862 …
- … DAR 161.1: 10 Alphonse de Candolle Geneva 13 June 1862 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … Würtz [and others]. Candolle, Casimir de. 1862. Charles Darwin. On the two forms, etc. – …
- … Genève 13 Juin 1862. Mon cher Monsieur je vous remercie extremement de m’avoir adressé …
- … vol. 10, Appendix III). C. de Candolle 1862 . Candolle refers to his son, Casimir de …
- … 1824–73 . There is a note, dated 13 June 1862, recording this observation and reference, …
- … Geneva 13 June 1862. My dear Sir I wish to thank you very much for sending me your article …
- … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 77–96. [ Collected papers 2: 45–63. ] Dupree, …
- … pour la Bibliothèque
〈 universelle〉 (Mai 1862). J’ai voulu traiter les Quercus〈 〉 sur … - … for the Bibliothèque universelle (May 1862). My intention was to treat Quercus
〈 〉 on … - … relating to the oak genus ( Quercus ) in 1862 ( A. de Candolle 1862b and 1862c); there …
To Alphonse de Candolle 14 January [1863]
Summary
Thanks AdeC for his memoir ["Étude sur l’espèce", Ann. Sci. Nat. (Bot.) 4th ser. 18 (1862): 59–110].
CD astonished at the amount of variability in the oaks.
CD differs from most contemporaries in thinking that the vast continental extensions of Forbes, Heer, and others are not only advanced without sufficient evidence but are opposed to much weighty evidence.
AdeC’s comment on CD’s work [Origin] is generous.
CD is satisfied at the length AdeC goes with him and is not surprised at his prudent reservations. He remembers how many years it took him to change his old beliefs. The great point is to give up immutability. So long as species are thought immutable there can be no progress in "epiontology" [see ML 1: 234 n.]. CD is sure to be proved wrong in many points but the subject will have "a grand future".
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Date: | 14 Jan [1863] |
Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3917 |
Matches: 7 hits
- … working on those sections in October 1862 (see Correspondence vol. 10, Appendix II). CD’s …
- … l’espèce", Ann. Sci. Nat. (Bot. ) 4th ser. 18 (1862): 59–110]. CD astonished at the amount …
- … 3 January [1863] . On 21 December 1862, CD began the chapter of Variation discussing bud- …
- … 73 ). In his letter of 18 September 1862 ( Correspondence vol. 10), Candolle promised CD …
- … from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 . For Candolle’s discussion of the distribution of …
- … 10, letter to J. D. Hooker, 4 November [1862] and n. 6; for CD’s comments to Hooker on …
- … 10, letter from Alphonse de Candolle, 13 June 1862 . Attempting to unify biogeography and …
From Alphonse de Candolle 2 July 1868
Summary
Offers notes and reflections on Variation.
Not convinced by Pangenesis, particularly its dependence on the Cytisus [graft hybrid] examples [ch. 27 and ch. 11].
What a book could be written on the application of natural history to man! Gives examples of inheritance in man.
Author: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 2 July 1868 |
Classmark: | DAR 161: 14 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-6264 |
To Alphonse de Candolle 15 August 1878
Summary
CD cannot say he cares greatly about his election to the Institut but he does care for the sympathy of his friends.
Will look to Smilax when he returns to Down.
Regrets the insecurity of the identification of fossil leaves.
He has heard that De Bary has cultivated Utricularia with and without aquatic animals and that the plants that have been fed flourished "in a stupendous manner".
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Date: | 15 Aug 1878 |
Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11660 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … vol. 10, letter from J. D. Hooker, 10 July 1862 ). Casimir de Candolle had worked on …
To Alphonse de Candolle 2 November [1872]
Summary
Thanks for AdeC’s Histoire des sciences [1873].
Sends a copy of Expression.
His health keeps him weak; he dreads grappling with the fearful subject of variation [in nature]
so he is working up some observations in botanical physiology to publish with his old papers on climbing plants.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Date: | 2 Nov [1872] |
Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8593 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 6 (1862): 77–96. [ [Collected papers 2: 45–63. ] …
To Alphonse de Candolle 6 July 1868
Summary
Thanks AdeC for his long letter full of interesting facts, which will be of great use if a new edition [of Variation] is demanded.
As for when CD will publish on variation in a state of nature: he has had the MS almost ready for several years but Variation fatigued him so much
that "I determined to amuse myself by publishing a short essay on the Descent of Man".
AdeC will have plenty of time to publish his views. Asks permission to quote AdeC on a case of inheritance of scalp-muscles [see Descent 1: 20].
Hooker has expressed a view, similar to AdeC’s, "that morals & politics would be very interesting if discussed like any branch of Natural History".
Agrees with AdeC on acclimatisation
and on graft-hybrids.
CD is repeating Hildebrand’s method in producing graft-hybrid potatoes.
As for Pangenesis, very few people approve of it though it has some enthusiastic friends and CD has much faith in its vitality.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Date: | 6 July 1868 |
Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-6269 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … from J. D. Hooker, [27 or 28 December 1862] , where Hooker wrote, ‘I should like to turn …
From Alphonse de Candolle 14 August 1877
Summary
Thanks for Francis Darwin’s Dipsacus paper.
Dislikes the word "protoplasm", because improved microscopes will uncover more fundamental substances. Also "plasma" merely hides the ignorance of modern chemists.
Expects waxy, glaucous-leaved plants to be most frequent in dry temperate climates.
Author: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 14 Aug 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 161: 22 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11106 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … spurge or euphorbias. In Bentham and Hooker 1862 –83, 3: 636–57, Scitamineae was a natural …
letter | (9) |
Darwin, C. R. | (5) |
Candolle, Alphonse de | (4) |
Candolle, Alphonse de | (5) |
Darwin, C. R. | (4) |
Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments
Summary
1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…
Matches: 28 hits
- … As the sheer volume of his correspondence indicates, 1862 was a particularly productive year for …
- … be so’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] ). I have not the least …
- … him from this view ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 14 [January 1862] ): 'no doubt you are right …
- … Huxley replied ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 20 January 1862 ): 'I entertain no doubt that …
- … but continued ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 18 December [1862] ): 'you say the answer to …
- … but complained ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 28 December [1862] ): 'To get the degree of …
- … him the commission ( see letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ). Darwin was altogether taken …
- … is no common man’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] ). Two sexual forms: …
- … with his study of Primula and escalated throughout 1862 as he searched for other cases of …
- … 1861, and was published in the society’s journal in March 1862. The paper described the two …
- … in almost daily’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] ). In a postscript, he mentioned his work …
- … telling Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 March [1862] ): ‘I am nearly sure that daylight is …
- … great’, he told Gray ( letter to Asa Gray, 10–20 June [1862] ), ‘I have lately counted one by one …
- … labour over them’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 [October 1862] ; see ML 2: 292–3). Other …
- … of dimorphism’ ( letter to Daniel Oliver, 12 [April 1862] ), and experimenting to test his …
- … sets of experiments’ ( letter to M. T. Masters, 24 July [1862] ). The materials that Darwin …
- … case he determined to experiment on Linum in 1862. Soon he was enthralled, especially by the …
- … be generically distinct’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 14 July [1862] ). The case was so good that he …
- … Linum ‘at once’ ( letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ), writing up his experiments in …
- … complex case—’ ( letter to Daniel Oliver, 29 [July 1862] ). The three forms had different lengths …
- … who exclaimed to Gray ( letter to Asa Gray, 9 August [1862] ), ‘I am almost stark staring mad over …
- … the Linnean Society ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 6 October [1862] ). However, it was not until 1864 …
- … pleasure to ride’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] ). But he worried about the resulting …
- … the Book will sell’ ( letter to John Murray, 9 [February 1862] ). To his son, William, his …
- … every flower’ ( letter to Daniel Oliver, 8 June [1862] ). I never before felt half so …
- … he told Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 15 [May 1862] ). But he did not have long to wait. ‘It is …
- … it ‘most valuable’ (letter from George Bentham, 15 May 1862). Orchids was published on 15 May, …
- … all, ‘a success’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 [June 1862] ). a flank-movement on the …
Origin: the lost changes for the second German edition
Summary
Darwin sent a list of changes made uniquely to the second German edition of Origin to its translator, Heinrich Georg Bronn. That lost list is recreated here.
Matches: 5 hits
- … In March 1862, Heinrich Georg Bronn wrote to Darwin stating his intention to prepare a …
- … edition (see letter from H. G. Bronn, [before 11 March 1862] ). Since the publication of the …
- … of importance’ (see letter to H. G. Bronn, 11 March [1862] ). Darwin had sent Bronn some of these …
- … in the new edition; in his letter to Bronn of 25 April [1862 ], he mentioned that he was sending …
- … from E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 11 July 1862 ). (No American edition incorporating …
Dramatisation script
Summary
Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007
Matches: 8 hits
- … in the mud. BEGINNING OF WAR IN AMERICA: 1861-1862 In which the start of the American …
- … cause. Tension. THE DARWIN BOYS: 1862 In which Darwin reports one …
- … 1856 33 C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER, 14 MARCH 1862 34 JD HOOKER TO C DARWIN, …
- … 1861 115 A GRAY TO CHARLES WRIGHT, 17 APRIL 1862 116 A GRAY TO RW CHURCH 7 MAY …
- … 10 JUNE 1861 121 A GRAY TO C DARWIN, 31 MARCH 1862 122 JD HOOKER TO C …
- … 16 DEC 1861 124 A GRAY TO ENGELMANN, 20 FEB 1862 125 A GRAY TO C DARWIN, 31 …
- … 7 JULY 1863 152 C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER, DECEMBER 1862 153 JD HOOKER TO C …
- … 1861 163 C Darwin TO A Gray, 16 OCTOBER 1862 164 C Darwin TO ASA GRAY, …
Darwin’s hothouse and lists of hothouse plants
Summary
Darwin became increasingly involved in botanical experiments in the years after the publication of Origin. The building of a small hothouse - a heated greenhouse - early in 1863 greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific…
Matches: 6 hits
- … Towards the end of 1862, Darwin resolved to build a small hothouse at Down House, for …
- … vol. 10, letter to J. D. Hooker, 24 December [1862] , and volume 10, letter to Thomas Rivers, …
- … a construction suitable for tropical plants. In 1861 and 1862, while preparing Orchids , he was …
- … vol. 10, letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] and n. 13). Initially, Darwin purchased for …
- … over the previous two years. In a letter of 24 December [1862] ( Correspondence vol. 10) …
- … Kent ( Post Office directory of the six home counties 1862). 3. Asclepias curassavica. …
I beg a million pardons: To John Lubbock, [3 September 1862]
Summary
Alison Pearn looks at a letter Darwin wrote to his neighbour and friend, John Lubbock, after making a mistake in his research on bees in 1862.
Matches: 1 hits
- … Lubbock, after making a mistake in his research on bees in 1862. …
Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870
Summary
This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…
Clémence Auguste Royer
Summary
Getting Origin translated into French was harder than Darwin had expected. The first translator he approached, Madame Belloc, turned him down on the grounds that the content was ‘too scientific‘, and then in 1860 the French political exile Pierre…
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Matches: 5 hits
- … Letter 3787 - Darwin, H. E. to Darwin, [29 October 1862] Henrietta Darwin provides …
- … Letter 3634 - Darwin to Gray, A., [1 July 1862] Darwin tells American naturalist Asa …
- … 3681 - Wedgwood, M. S. to Darwin, [before 4 August 1862] Darwin’s niece, Margaret, …
- … lady”. Darwin, E. to Darwin, W. E. , (March, 1862 - DAR 219.1:49) Emma Darwin …
- … - Darwin to Wedgwood, K. E. S, M. S. & L. C., [4 August 1862] Darwin thanks his “angel …
Floral Dimorphism
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a series of smaller studies on botanical subjects. Titled The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, it consisted primarily of…
Darwin & Glen Roy
Summary
Although Darwin was best known for his geological work in South America and other remote Beagle destinations, he made one noteworthy attempt to explain a puzzling feature of British geology. In 1838, two years after returning from the voyage, he travelled…
Matches: 1 hits
- … 1 October [1861] To Charles Lyell, 1 April [1862] To Charles Lyell, 14 October …
Have you read the one about....
Summary
... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.
Matches: 1 hits
- … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …
Orchids
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A project to follow On the Origin of Species Darwin began to observe English orchids and collect specimens from abroad in the years immediately following the publication of On the Origin of Species. Examining…
Matches: 4 hits
- … SOURCES Books Darwin, Charles 1862. On the various contrivances by which …
- … 3421 —Charles Darwin to Joseph Dalton Hooker 30 January 1862 Darwin tells Hooker about a …
- … Letter 3662 —Charles Darwin to Asa Gray 23-4 July 1862 Darwin tells Asa Gray, a professor …
- … Darwin’s work with orchids and Chapter 1 of Darwin’s 1862 book On the various …
Forms of flowers
Summary
Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, published in 1877, investigated the structural differences in the sexual organs of flowers of the same species. It drew on and expanded five articles Darwin had published on the…
Matches: 6 hits
- … briefly mentioned in his Primula paper. In July 1862, Darwin explained to Gray, ‘ I have …
- … of the genus Linum ’, between 11 and 21 December 1862. The paper was read at a meeting of the …
- … to Lythrum , a genus that he had begun researching in 1862 after Hooker had supplied him with …
- … of Lythrum he had been working on since late July 1862. He told Oliver that, ‘ as each form has …
- … of the crossing experiments immediately, but by October 1862, he admitted to Hooker, ‘ I am rather …
- … 117: 50). Darwin released William from counting in November 1862, telling him, ‘ Next year I shall …
Dining at Down House
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Dining, Digestion, and Darwin's Domestic Life While Darwin is best remembered for his scientific accomplishments, he greatly valued and was strongly influenced by his domestic life. Darwin's…
Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments
Summary
The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…
Matches: 4 hits
- … on Verbascum. Darwin had suggested to Scott in 1862, when Scott was working at the Royal Botanic …
- … vol. 10, letter to John Scott, 19 November [1862] ). Darwin had already written to Hooker of …
- … disturbing the serenity of the Christian world’ (Brewster 1862, p. 3). John Hutton Balfour, though …
- … vol. 10, letter from J. H. Balfour, 14 January 1862 ). According to Hooker, Balfour’s prejudice …
Darwin on race and gender
Summary
Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…
Matches: 1 hits
- … [1859] Letter to Charles Kingsley, 6 February [1862] Letter from F. W. Farrar, …
Darwin and Fatherhood
Summary
Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…
Species and varieties
Summary
On the origin of species by means of natural selection …so begins the title of Darwin’s most famous book, and the reader would rightly assume that such a thing as ‘species’ must therefore exist and be subject to description. But the title continues, …or…
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Matches: 1 hits
- … lady”. Darwin, E. to Darwin, W. E. , (March 1862 - DAR 219.1:49) Emma Darwin …
Sexual selection
Summary
Although natural selection could explain the differences between species, Darwin realised that (other than in the reproductive organs themselves) it could not explain the often marked differences between the males and females of the same species. So what…
Matches: 1 hits
- … the Lords' ( to J. D. Hooker, 25 [and 26] January [1862] ) In 1869, Darwin …