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To John Murray   26 [December 1859]

Summary

Has sent off last proof of 2d ed. of Origin. Assumes JM has remembered the diagram. Asks that remaining clean sheets be sent to Asa Gray.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  26 [Dec 1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.48–48A)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2607

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To John Murray   26 [December 1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.48–48A) Charles Robert Darwin Down 26 [Dec 1859] John Murray …
  • … See letters to Asa Gray , 24 December [1859] , and to John …
  • … Murray , 22 December [1859] and …
  • … 24 December [1859]. …

To John Murray   24 December [1859]

Summary

Thanks JM for present of McClintock’s work [Sir Francis Leopold McClintock, The voyage of the "Fox" in the Arctic seas (1859)], which he and his wife look forward to reading.

Asks to be told when reprint [of Origin] is ready.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  24 Dec [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.24–25)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2597

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To John Murray   24 December [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.24–25) Charles Robert Darwin Down 24 Dec [1859] John Murray …
  • … The voyage of the "Fox" in the Arctic seas (1859)], which he and his wife look forward to …
  • … String Press. McClintock, Francis Leopold. 1859. The voyage of the Fox in the Arctic seas: …
  • … search of John Franklin , had returned in 1859 with conclusive proof of Franklin’s death …
  • … The voyage was described in McClintock 1859 , a work published by Murray. CD refers to the …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …

To John Murray   2 December [1859]

Summary

All sheets [of Origin, 2d ed.] are ready. Has made a few corrections

and inserted Charles Kingsley’s sentence in answer to those who may think the book is irreligious.

Insists page numbering be kept uniform with 1st edition.

Intends to start immediately on the "larger work", with a distinct title.

Fears reviews will be unfavourable but is confident his views will ultimately prevail.

Asks about plans for French edition.

Thanks JM for his exertions on behalf of sales of Origin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  2 Dec [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.51–53)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2566

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To John Murray   2 December [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.51–53) Charles Robert Darwin Ilkley 2 Dec [1859] John Murray …
  • … See letter from Charles Kingsley, 18 November 1859 , and letter to …
  • … Charles Kingsley, 30 November [1859] . See …
  • … letters to John Murray , 14 November [1859] , 24  …
  • … November [1859] , and …
  • … 4 December [1859] ; and to J.  L. …
  • … A. de Quatrefages de Bréau, 5 December [1859]. Origin 2d ed. , p.  304. Origin 2d ed. , …

To John Murray   18 May [1859]

Summary

His health has suddenly failed. He is leaving home for one week’s rest.

Has informed William Clowes that he will begin correcting on the 27th.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  18 May [1859]
Classmark:  John Wilson (dealer) (no date)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2463A

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To John Murray   18 May [1859] …
  • … John Wilson (dealer) (no date) Charles Robert Darwin Down 18 May [1859] John Murray …
  • … by the relationship to the letter to J.  D. Hooker, 18 [May 1859] . See letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker 18 [May 1859] . CD visited Moor …
  • … hydropathic establishment from 21 to 28 May 1859 (‘Journal’; Appendix II). William Clowes …

From John Murray   2 November 1859

Summary

By this post he sends for approval specimen copy of CD’s book [Origin of species]. At 14 s., 1250 copies will yield £240, two-thirds of which will go to author. Arrangements for early copies.

Author:  John Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Nov 1859
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms. 41913 pp. 53–4)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2513A

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From John Murray   2 November 1859
  • … John Murray Archive) (Ms. 41913 pp. 53–4) John Murray 2 Nov 1859 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … in Peckham ed. 1959,p.  775. See also letters to John Murray , 15 October [1859] and [ …
  • … 3 November 1859] . CD received £180 as his share of the profits from the first edition of …
  • … he had made to the proof-sheets. See letters to John Murray , 14 June [1859] and …
  • … 15 October [1859] . Murray’s version of CD’s address was not quite right: the correct …
  • … Nov. 2. 1859 My dear Sir By this day’s post I send you a specimen copy of your book bound— …

To John Murray   24 November [1859]

Summary

CD is astonished at sale of Origin [to booksellers].

Arranges to start new edition immediately. Cannot change much [while at Ilkley Wells], nor work rapidly because of health. Relieved that JM has no cause to repent of publishing Origin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  24 Nov [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.70–71)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2549

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To John Murray   24 November [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.70–71) Charles Robert Darwin Ilkley 24 Nov [1859] John Murray …
  • … letter to John Murray, 15 October [1859] , in which CD stated his intention to buy 70  …
  • … has not been found, but see the letter to T.  H. Huxley, 24 [November 1859] and n.  1. …
  • … written at Shrewsbury late in November 1859, Emma Darwin told William Erasmus Darwin (DAR …
  • … listed among its stock in Athenæum , 3 December 1859, p.  724. CD presumably refers to his …
  • … formations. See letter to Charles Lyell, 20 September [1859] , and preceding letter. …
  • … See letter to John Murray, 14 November [1859] . See …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …

To John Murray   [3 November 1859]

Summary

Infinitely pleased and proud of the appearance of his "child" [Origin, 1st ed.]. Thinks JM has been overgenerous in paying for his corrections. Offers to divide cost and regrets sending such badly composed copy.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  [3 Nov 1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 f.49)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2514

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To John Murray   [3 November 1859] …
  • … John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 f.49) Charles Robert Darwin Ilkley [3 Nov 1859] John Murray …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … Dated by the relationship to the letter from John Murray, 2 November 1859 . See …
  • … letter from John Murray, 2 November 1859 . This sum had been cited by Murray as the amount …
  • … see letter from John Murray, 2 November 1859 ). Murray’s accounts do not, however, list …
  • … see letter to John Murray, 15 October [1859] ); his presentation list comprised 94 …
  • … do not record any payment to Murray during 1859 that might relate to presentation copies. …

To John Murray   31 May [1859]

Summary

CD’s diagram [for chapter on "Divergence of character", Origin] is indispensable.

Finds he will have to make many corrections, his text is so obscure.

A week of hydropathy at Moor Park has done him a world of good.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  31 May [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.41–42)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2465

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To John Murray   31 May [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.41–42) Charles Robert Darwin Down 31 May [1859] John Murray …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … 117. It folds out, as CD requested. See also letters to John Murray , 2 April [1859] and …
  • … 14 May [1859] . The diagram was reproduced by lithography, not as an engraving as CD …
  • … that he began reading proof-sheets on 25 May 1859, while still at Moor Park hydropathic …

To John Murray   4 December [1859]

Summary

Thanks JM for trouble taken with French edition [of Journal of researches].

Is glad 3000 copies of 2d ed. [of Origin] will be printed.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  4 Dec [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 f.47)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2570

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To John Murray   4 December [1859] …
  • … John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 f.47) Charles Robert Darwin Ilkley 4 Dec [1859] John Murray …
  • … See letter to John Murray, 2 December [1859] . CD’s letter to Louise Swanton Belloc has …
  • … not been found. See letter to John Murray, 2 December [1859] . …

To John Murray   14 May [1859]

Summary

Approves specimen sheet [of Origin]. Sorry book will be so long. Has now written half of last chapter; it is as long as his estimate of the entire chapter. Now thinks it will run to 6000 or 7000 words. Will do his utmost to improve his style. Anxious to publish soon; he knows of two men already writing on the subject, starting from his Linnean Society paper ["On the tendency of species to form varieties", Collected papers 2: 3–19]. Will send a diagram for the book.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  14 May [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.40–40A)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2462

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To John Murray   14 May [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.40–40A) Charles Robert Darwin Down 14 May [1859] John Murray …
  • … probably meant Joseph Dalton Hooker ( Hooker 1859 ) and Asa Gray ( A.  Gray 1858–9 ). He …
  • … mind. See letter to J.  D. Hooker, [26 May 1859] . The fold-out diagram illustrating the …
  • … Read 14 December 1858 and 11 January 1859. ] Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …

To John Murray   14 November [1859]

Summary

Mme Belloc wishes to translate CD’s book on species into French. Asks JM to communicate with her. CD anxious to have his views known and discussed. Wishes there could be a German translation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  14 Nov [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.54–56)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2531

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To John Murray   14 November [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.54–56) Charles Robert Darwin Ilkley 14 Nov [1859] John Murray …
  • … CD had met at Moor Park and who had been at Ilkley Wells until the end of October 1859. …
  • … See letter to Mary Butler,20 February [1859] . Louise Swanton Belloc was an Irish-born …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … L. A. de Quatrefages de Bréau,5 December [1859]). Louise Belloc translated into French and …
  • … department of the Board of Trade in 1859. Ernst Dieffenbach had died in 1855. He …

To John Murray   10 December 1859

Summary

Sends receipt for bill for £180 due 27 May 1860 [for Origin].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  10 Dec 1859
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.22–23)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2577

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To John Murray   10 December 1859
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.22–23) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Dec 1859 John Murray …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … Down Bromley Kent December 10 th 1859 My dear Sir I beg leave to acknowledge the safe …

To John Murray   10 September [1859]

Summary

On title of Origin, suggests omitting word "Varieties" altogether if JM does not object. Last proofs corrected, but revises still to do.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  10 Sept [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.20–21)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2488

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To John Murray   10 September [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.20–21) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Sept [1859] John Murray …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … and to Murray (see letter to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] ). CD had been advised to drop …
  • … essay’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 30 March [1859] ) and had decided to include the words ‘ …

To John Murray   22 December [1859]

Summary

Asa Gray offers to arrange for reprinting Origin in U. S. CD has told him JM would send sheets of 2d ed. by post.

CD thinks he has good scheme for his "larger work" in three volumes, with separate titles and a general title. Will be two years before first volume is ready because of his health.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  22 Dec [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.68–69)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2594

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To John Murray   22 December [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.68–69) Charles Robert Darwin Down 22 Dec [1859] John Murray …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … See letter to Asa Gray, 21 December [1859] . Gray’s copy must have arrived soon after he …
  • … read Origin in the last week of December 1859 ( Dupree 1959 , p.  268). Gray subsequently …

To John Murray   5 April [1859]

Summary

Sends title and first three chapters [of Origin]. Thinks first chapter will interest the public and is sure views are original. If JM thinks otherwise, he should freely reject the work. Chapter 2 is dull and abstruse, chapter 3 is plain and interesting.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  5 Apr [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.35–35A)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2447

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To John Murray   5 April [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.35–35A) Charles Robert Darwin Down 5 Apr [1859] John Murray …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … during her recent trip to London, 1–4 April 1859 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). The arrangement …
  • … may have been made then. See letter to John Murray, 31 March [1859] . …

To John Murray   31 March [1859]

Summary

CD has heard from Lyell that JM is inclined to publish his work on the origin of species. Will send some chapters as soon as copyist has finished. Sends list of 12 chapters. It will be a popular abstract of more than 20 years’ work. It ought to be popular with scientific and semi-scientific readers.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  31 Mar [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.12–13)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2441

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To John Murray   31 March [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.12–13) Charles Robert Darwin Down 31 Mar [1859] John Murray …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … see letter to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] . The work was eventually divided into 14  …
  • … comments in early March (see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 11 March [1859] ). CD refers to C.   …
  • … also letter to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] . The first edition of Origin ran to 502  …

To John Murray   20 October [1859]

Summary

Cannot suggest an appropriate device or ornament for cover [of Origin].

Will send a list for distribution of author’s copies as soon as JM tells him approximate trade price.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  20 Oct [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.94–95)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2508

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To John Murray   20 October [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.94–95) Charles Robert Darwin Ilkley 20 Oct [1859] John Murray …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … on the spine. ’ (Peckham ed. 1959, p.  17). See letter from John Murray, 2 November 1859 . …

To John Murray   6 May [1859]

Summary

CD is convinced that the suggestions [for the Origin?] of both Lyell and Whitwell Elwyn are impracticable.

Will send first six chapters of MS next week. Has taken such pains with it that he hopes corrections will not be heavy.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  6 May [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.57–57A)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2459

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To John Murray   6 May [1859] …
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.57–57A) Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 May [1859] John Murray …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … from Whitwell Elwin to John Murray, 3 May 1859 . CD refers to chapter 14 of Origin , the ‘ …

From John Murray   1 April 1859

Summary

On the strength of CD’s details about his work on species and his knowledge of CD’s former publications, JM offers to publish [Origin] without seeing the MS.

Author:  John Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Apr 1859
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms. 41913 p.32)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2443

Matches: 4 hits

  • … From John Murray   1 April 1859
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms. 41913 p.32) John Murray unstated 1 Apr 1859 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … 3. For CD’s other publications before April 1859, see Freeman 1977 . The copyist inserted …
  • … Albemarle S t . Apl. 1. 1859 My dear Sir, I hasten to thank you for your obliging letter …

From Whitwell Elwin to John Murray   3 May 1859

Summary

Charles Lyell has asked WE to pass his opinions on the MS of Origin to CD via Murray. WE is convinced of the value of CD’s researches but "to put forth the theory without the evidence", as in the MS, "would do grievous injustice to his views". The omission of these facts reduces both the philosophical and popular value of the work, by virtue of its dryness.

Supports Charles Lyell’s suggestion that CD should first publish his observations on pigeons with a theoretical outline, for "[e]very body is interested in pigeons". Such a work would generate wider interest and be better understood. A subsequent, larger book would then be approached with impartiality "not to say favour" by a wider public.

Author:  Whitwell Elwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  3 May 1859
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms. 42197)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2457A

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From Whitwell Elwin to John Murray    3 May 1859
  • … Murray Archive) (Ms. 42197) Whitwell Elwin Booton Rectory, Norwich 3 May 1859 John Murray …
  • … to CD.  See letter to John Murray, 6 May [1859] . Elwin refers to Journal of researches , …
  • … Booton Rectory | Norwich May 3. 1859 My dear Murray, I have been intending for some days …
  • … see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 11 April [1859] ), Murray decided to seek advice from his …
  • … intended ( Haynes 1916 , p.  233). See letters to Charles Lyell , 28 March [1859] and …
  • … 30 March [1859] . Journal of researches . The second edition of this work was published by …
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The writing of "Origin"

Summary

From a quiet rural existence at Down in Kent, filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on the transmutation of species, Darwin was jolted into action in 1858 by the arrival of an unexpected letter (no longer extant) from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … hopes.— (letter to Charles Lyell,  25 [November 1859] ) The year 1858 opened with …
  • … the writing of this ‘abstract’ continued until March 1859; the resulting volume was published in …
  • … instinct the previous March. By the middle of March 1859, Darwin had finished the last …
  • … upon Lyell for advice (letter to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] ). Lyell suggested the firm of …
  • … plan of his book (see letter from Elwin to Murray, 3 May 1859 , and letter to John Murray, 6 …
  • … the forthcoming book (letter to Charles Lyell, 30 March [1859] ). Darwin next considered calling …
  • … and varieties’ (letters to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] , and to John Murray, 10 September …
  • … Appendix II). Twice in 1858 and three times in 1859 he had gone to Moor Park in Surrey for a week’s …
  • … than when I came’ (letter to W. D. Fox, [16 November 1859] ). It was during his stay at Ilkley …
  • … rag is worth anything?’ (letter to T. H. Huxley, 2 June [1859] ). But as critical letters began …
  • … of induction’ (letter from Adam Sedgwick, 24 November 1859 ). Equally painful was the news that …
  • … (letter to Charles Lyell, [10 December 1859] ). To each of his critics, Darwin replied by resting …
  • … to me to do.’ (letter to Adam Sedgwick, 26 November [1859] ). Even his strongest …
  • … of Darwin’s theory (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 6 May 1859 ). Among the older scientists, only …
  • … the origin of mankind. As he wrote to Darwin on 3 October 1859 , ‘the case of Man and his Races …
  • … to their mercies’ (letter to J. D. Hooker, [22 November 1859] ). Late in December, to Darwin’s …
  • …  were the man.’ (letter to T. H. Huxley, 28 December [1859] ). Huxley admitted his authorship to …
  • … without good cause.’ (letter to John Murray, 2 December [1859] ). At Murray’s trade sale …
  • … had made’ (letter from Charles Kingsley, 18 November 1859 ). This and the two references to the …
  • … try to make out truth’ (letter to W. D. Fox, 24 [March 1859] ). Yet he desperately wanted people …
  • … on our side.—’ (letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 December [1859] ). …

Darwin in letters, 1858-1859: Origin

Summary

The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet rural existence filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on species, he was jolted into action by the arrival of an unexpected letter from Alfred Russel Wallace…

Matches: 25 hits

  • … The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet …
  • … and prompted the composition and publication, in November 1859, of Darwin’s major treatise  On the …
  • …  exceeded my wildest hopes By the end of 1859, Darwin’s work was being discussed in …
  • … ‘When I was in spirits’, he told Lyell at the end of 1859, ‘I sometimes fancied that my book w  d …
  • … hopes.—’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [November 1859] ). This transformation in Darwin’s personal …
  • … the writing of this ‘abstract’ continued until March 1859; the resulting volume was published in …
  • … Botanic Gardens at Kew (see Appendix VII). The year 1859 began auspiciously with Darwin …
  • … 1854) ( Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society  15 (1859): xxv). One of the most …
  • … theory. As he wrote in his introductory essay (Hooker 1859, p. ii): 'In the present Essay I …
  • … to test such a theory. His essay, published in December 1859, was the first serious study of the …
  • … the other’s ideas (see letters to J. D. Hooker, 2 March [1859] , 11 March [1859] , and 7 …
  • … upon Lyell for advice ( letter to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] ). Lyell suggested the firm of …
  • … plan of his book (see letter from Elwin to Murray, 3 May 1859 , and letter to John Murray, 6 …
  • … the forthcoming book ( letter to Charles Lyell, 30 March [1859] ). Darwin next considered calling …
  • … and varieties’ (letters to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] , and to John Murray, 10 September …
  • … Appendix II). Twice in 1858 and three times in 1859 he had gone to Moor Park in Surrey for a week’s …
  • … than when I came’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, [16 November 1859] ). It was during his stay at Ilkley …
  • … rag is worth anything?’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 2 June [1859] ). But as critical letters began …
  • … of induction’ ( letter from Adam Sedgwick, 24 November 1859 ). Equally painful was the news that …
  • … ( letter to Charles Lyell, [10 December 1859] ). To each of his critics, Darwin replied by resting …
  • … to me to do.’ ( letter to Adam Sedgwick, 26 November [1859] ). Even his strongest …
  • … of Darwin’s theory ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 6 May 1859 ). Among the older scientists, only …
  • … the origin of mankind. As he wrote to Darwin on 3 October 1859, ‘the case of Man and his Races & …
  • … to their mercies’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [22 November 1859] ). Late in December, to Darwin’s …
  • …  were the man.’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 28 December [1859] ). Huxley admitted his authorship to …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … dates: 1 st edition published, 24 November 1859 2d English edition: printing …
  • … heard that a new edition was already needed on 24 November 1859, the same day that the first …
  • … As he read the proof sheets from September to November 1859, Lyell buried Darwin under a blizzard of …

Controversy

Summary

The best-known controversies over Darwinian theory took place in public or in printed reviews. Many of these were highly polemical, presenting an over-simplified picture of the disputes. Letters, however, show that the responses to Darwin were extremely…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Letter 2525 — Darwin, C. R. to Sedgwick, Adam, 11 Nov 1859 Darwin writes to Sedgwick to tell …
  • … Letter 2548 — Sedgwick, Adam to Darwin, C. R., 24 Nov 1859 Adam Sedgwick thanks Darwin for …
  • … Letter 2555 — Darwin, C. R. to Sedgwick, Adam, 26 Nov [1859] Darwin says Sedgwick could not …
  • … Letter 2526 — Owen, Richard to Darwin, C. R., 12 Nov 1859 Owen says to Darwin he will welcome …
  • … Letter 2575 — Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, Charles, [10 Dec 1859] Darwin discusses with King' …
  • … Letter 2580 — Darwin, C. R. to Owen, Richard, 13 Dec [1859] Darwin responds to Owen’s remarks …

On the Origin of Species

Summary

From a quiet rural existence at Down in Kent, filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on the transmutation of species, Darwin was jolted into action in 1858 by the arrival of an unexpected letter (no longer extant) from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … (letter to Charles Lyell,  25 [November 1859] ). From a quiet rural existence at Down in …
  • … and prompted the composition and publication, in November 1859, of Darwin’s major treatise On the …

Francis Galton

Summary

Galton was a naturalist, statistician, and evolutionary theorist. He was a second cousin of Darwin’s, having descended from his grandfather, Erasmus. Born in Birmingham in 1822, Galton studied medicine at King’s College, London, and also read mathematics…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … into an entirely new province of knowledge’ ( 9 December 1859 ). He soon became interested in …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … by inheritance.’  (Darwin to W. D. Fox,  23 September [1859] ). He believed that five of his …
  • … and especially billiards were favourite family games, and in 1859 he ended a letter to his oldest …
  • … game of Billiards’. (Darwin to his son William,  7 July [1859] ). Whole family outings were …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2447 - Darwin to Murray, J., [5 April 1859] Darwin sends a manuscript copy of …
  • … Letter 2461 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [11 May 1859] Darwin expresses anxiety over …

John Lubbock

Summary

John Lubbock was eight years old when the Darwins moved into the neighbouring property of Down House, Down, Kent; the total of one hundred and seventy surviving letters he went on to exchange with Darwin is a large number considering that the two men lived…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … or against me. ( to John Lubbock, 14 December [1859] ) When Origin was …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 2 hits

  • … should not be in conflict. A TREMENDOUS FURORE: 1859-1860 In which Darwin distributes …
  • … 12 OCTOBER 1857 60 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, SUMMER 1859 61 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … 11 April 1833 Letter to C. R. Lyell, 11 October [1859] Letter to Charles …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 10 hits

  • … but his views were generally derided. 1  In 1859, Lyell visited several sites in …
  • … that these were indeed implements of early humans (C. Lyell 1859). In September 1860 he visited …
  • … in French, earlier reports written in Danish (Morlot 1859, Forchhammer et al. 1851–5); Lubbock …
  • … for their work in the Brixham cave explorations of 1858 and 1859. 5 Another controversy arose …
  • … its appearance in print; first in French, dated Berne, Sept. 1859, in the ‘Mémoires de la Société …
  • … zoologist M. Claparède had also conversed with me in 1859 on the researches of the best Danish …
  • … gave me an abstract for my use, in a letter dated December 1859. He referred me chiefly to ‘Oversigt …
  • … and Edinburgh: Williams & Norgate. Lyell, Charles. 1859. On the occurrence of works of …
  • … vols. London: John Murray. Morlot, Charles Adolphe. 1859. Etudes géologico-archéologiques en …
  • … struggle for life . By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Owen, Richard. 1863. Ape …

Instinct and the Evolution of Mind

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Slave-making ants For Darwin, slave-making ants were a powerful example of the force of instinct. He used the case of the ant Formica sanguinea in the On the Origin of Species to show how instinct operates—how…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … After Origin of Species was published in 1859, friends, acquaintances, and strangers …
  • … Darwin, Charles. On the Origin of Species . 1859. London: John Murray. (See: Chapter 7 “Instinct” …
  • … Letter 2456 —Frederick Smith to Darwin, 30 Apr 1859 Here Smith answers a number of Darwin …

Darwin & Glen Roy

Summary

Although Darwin was best known for his geological work in South America and other remote Beagle destinations, he made one noteworthy attempt to explain a puzzling feature of British geology.  In 1838, two years after returning from the voyage, he travelled…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … [after September 20 1847] To A.C. Ramsay, 1 July [1859] From Thomas Jamieson, …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Letter 2447 - Darwin to Murray, J., [5 April 1859] Darwin asks his publisher, John …
  • … Letter 2461  - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [11 May 1859] Darwin expresses anxiety over …
  • … Letter 2475  - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [2 July 1859] Darwin returns the manuscript of …
  • … Letter 2501   - Lyell, C. to Darwin, [3 October 1859] Lyell offers praise and …

Origin

Summary

Darwin’s most famous work, Origin, had an inauspicious beginning. It grew out of his wish to establish priority for the species theory he had spent over twenty years researching. Darwin never intended to write Origin, and had resisted suggestions in 1856…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … across tropics ’. When Hooker’s essay was published in 1859, it was one of the first publications …
  • … as by far the most capable judge in Europe. ’ By April 1859, he was able to tell Wallace that ‘ …
  • … Abstract ’ would not be finished until around April 1859. But this was an optimistic estimate. …
  • … of favoured races” ’, he told Lyell. On 31 March 1859, Darwin wrote to Murray describing his work …
  • … the work of correcting proofs continued over the summer of 1859, Darwin had to take the water cure …
  • … never shirked a difficulty’, he told Lyell on 20 September 1859, ‘ I am foolishly anxious for your …
  • … of Science meeting held in Aberdeen from 14 to 21 September 1859. Darwin was confident that in time …
  • … and negative, to his work flowed in. By early December 1859, he admitted that he needed to ‘ think …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2534 — Kingsley, Charles to Darwin, C. R., 18 Nov 1859 Clergyman Charles Kingsley …
  • … Letter 2548 — Sedgwick, Adam to Darwin, C. R., 24 Nov 1859 Woodwardian Professor of geology, …

Darwin in public and private

Summary

Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … in the struggle for life , (London: John Murray, 1st ed., 1859), p. 88. 2) “There is one …
  • … 489 – Darwin to Wedgwood, E., [20 January 1859] Darwin writes to his fiancée, Emma, …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 18 hits

  • … Hooker has it.— Very important Hookers letter Jan. 1859 Yules Ava [Yule 1858] (Innes) Hairy …
  • … The Dog in health & Disease by Stonehenge—Longman 1859 [Stonehenge 1859].— on Toy–Dogs …
  • … [Combe 1828] Macclintocks Arctic Voyage [Macclintock 1859] [DAR *128: 153] …
  • … [G. Bennett 1860] Read 114 Village Bells [Manning] 1859] } Fanny The Woman in White …
  • … Republic [Motley 1855] [DAR 128: 24] 1859 Pagets Lectures on Pathology …
  • … 1803] (nothing) [DAR 128: 25] 1859 Feb. 28 Olmstead S. States [Olmsted …
  • … Mast [R. H. Dana [1840] (good) Bertrams [Trollope 1859] & Adam Bede [Eliot 1859] …
  • … (many novels) Dec: Dana to Cuba & back [R. H. Dana 1859] —— Cruize in Japanese …
  • … on Maladies of Silk-worm [Quatrefages de Bréau 1859] Owen Lecture on Classification [R. Owen …
  • … March. 8 Houdins the conjurer Life [Robert-Houdin [1859] 19 MacClintocks Narrative …
  • … Gesellschaft für die gesammten Naturwissenschaften . In 1859 he was the coauthor, with E. Desor, …
  • … des progrès de la géologie de   1834 à 1845(–1859) . 8 vols. Paris. [Vol. 1 (1847) in Darwin …
  • … at sea . New York. [Other eds.]  128: 25 ——. 1859.  To Cuba and back. A vacation voyage …
  • … Eliot, George,  pseud . (Marian Evans Cross). 1859.  Adam   Bede . 3 vols. Edinburgh. [Other …
  • …  (1849): 381–420. [Separately printed in 2 vols. (Paris, 1859) in Darwin Library.]  *128: 177 …
  • … 119: 16a Hodson, William Stephen Raikes. 1859.  Twelve years of a   soldier’s life in …
  • … 1–46.  119: 9b [Jenkin, Henrietta Camilla]. 1859.  Cousin Stella; or,   conflict . 3 …
  • … Library.]  119: 9a Macclintock, Francis Leopold. 1859.  The voyage of the   “Fox” in …

John Murray

Summary

Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … natural selection (Origin)  was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who …
  • … cousin and business partner, the earliest letters date from 1859, the year of the publication of  …
  • … you may not repent of having undertaken it’ (15 October [1859] Letter 2506 ). Murray decided on a …
  • … & proud at the appearance of my child’ ([3 November 1859] Letter 2514 ). In the event, all …
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