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From J. D. Hooker   [21 November 1859]

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JDH’s congratulations on Origin.

Lyell believes S. P. Woodward wrote review in Athenæum.

Lyell’s and Huxley’s positive responses.

JDH has only plunged into a few chapters.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [21 Nov 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 100: 135–6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2539

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From J.  D.  Hooker   [21 November 1859] …
  • … DAR 100: 135–6 Joseph Dalton Hooker Athenaeum Club [21 Nov 1859] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Watson, Hewett Cottrell. 1847–59. Cybele …
  • … the letter to J. D. Hooker, [20 November 1859] . CD had asked Hooker whether he knew who …
  • … see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [20 November 1859] , n.   2). John Lindley was the editor of …
  • … Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette , 12 November 1859, pp.  911–12. See letter …
  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, [20 November 1859] . Thomas Henry Huxley delivered an evening lecture ‘ …

From J. D. Hooker   [20 December 1859]

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Forwards letter from Asa Gray.

Bentham is very agitated by Origin. CD over-emphasises natural selection. His theory accounts for too much and would be improved by unburdening it of natural selection.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [20 Dec 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 104: 180–1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2589

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From J.  D. Hooker   [20 December 1859] …
  • … DAR 104: 180–1 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew [20 Dec 1859] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Bentham 1863 ). See n.  1, above, and letter to T.  H. Huxley, 16 December [1859] . …
  • … Philosophical Club on Thursday, 22 December 1859, and by the relationship to the letter to …
  • … J.  D. Hooker, 21 [December 1859] . The enclosure was a letter from Asa Gray that …
  • … with Gray’s theories of climatic change. See letters to Asa Gray , 21 December [1859] and …
  • … 24 December [1859] . George Bentham many years later told Francis Darwin , in a letter …

From J. D. Hooker   [12 December 1859]

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JDH half through Origin. High praise for facts and reasoning.

Lyell told JDH his criticisms: small matters JDH did not appreciate.

Reactions of G. Bentham, J. S. Henslow, and C. C. Babington.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [12 Dec 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 100: 137–8
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2579

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From J.  D. Hooker   [12 December 1859] …
  • … DAR 100: 137–8 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew [12 Dec 1859] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … Alvey Darwin’s house from 7 to 9 December 1859 (‘Journal’; Appendix II). The Monday after …
  • … equivalent material prepared for Origin (see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 2 March [1859] ). …
  • … English Churchman , 1 December 1859, p.  1152. George …
  • … and Charles Cardale Babington . Hooker 1859 . The Hookers were repainting their house, …

From J. D. Hooker   [9 March 1859]

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Outlines the basic categories of phanerogams.

Places Gymnospermae in the dicotyledons.

Evaluates the variable utility of embryological characters in plant classification.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [9 Mar 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 100: 152–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2428

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From J.  D. Hooker   [9 March 1859] …
  • … DAR 100: 152–3 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew [9 Mar 1859] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … s ‘note on embryology’. See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 11 March [1859] . See letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 2 March [1859] . The sentences that CD wished to add to his discussion on the …
  • … J.  D. Hooker, 22 November 1856 . Hooker 1859 . CD’s notes on classification were kept in …

From J. D. Hooker   [8–11 April 1859]

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Lyell has been strongly urging John Murray to publish CD’s book [Origin]. JDH feels Lyell overestimates the public interest in such works.

Gives examples of plants showing most marked varieties on the edge of their range.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [8–11 Apr 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 100: 127
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2444

Matches: 5 hits

  • … From J.  D. Hooker   [8–11 April 1859] …
  • … DAR 100: 127 Joseph Dalton Hooker unstated [8–11 Apr 1859] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … geographical range is given in Hooker 1859 , p. v. CD’s portfolio number 3 contained notes …
  • … See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 2 April [1859] . Francis Boott , a close friend of Hooker’s, …
  • … essay to the Flora of Tasmania ( Hooker 1859 ). The case of a well-marked variety of …

From J. D. Hooker   25 January 1859

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Relieved by Wallace’s letter.

At work on introductory essay to Flora Tasmaniae.

European plants naturalised in Australia are almost all adapted to invading disturbed ground.

JDH supports Asa Gray against Alphonse de Candolle as foreign member of Royal Society.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Jan 1859
Classmark:  DAR 100: 131–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2404

Matches: 5 hits

  • … From J.  D. Hooker   25 January 1859
  • … DAR 100: 131–2 Joseph Dalton Hooker Swansea 25 Jan 1859 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …
  • … See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 23 January [1859] . The family of Lewis Weston Dillwyn lived …
  • … and William Jackson Hooker . Hooker 1859 . See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 31 December [ …

From J. D. Hooker   [15 March 1863]

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JDH battling with Lyell over treatment of species question in Antiquity of man. Distressed by Lyell’s raising false priority issue between JDH and CD. Falconer involved in a priority squabble.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [15 Mar 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 101: 117–20
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4040

Matches: 12 hits

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Taxonomic literature : Taxonomic literature. …
  • … History 13: 105–21. Hooker, Joseph Dalton. 1859. On the flora of Australia, its origin, …
  • … 17. Hooker’s introductory essay to Flora Tasmaniæ ( J.  D.  Hooker 1859 ) was published …
  • … on 29 December 1859 ( Taxonomic literature ); Origin was …
  • … published on 24 November 1859 ( Freeman 1977 ). However, in C.  Lyell 1863a , p.  417, …
  • … in which he discussed J.  D.  Hooker 1859 . Hooker was mistaken in his recollection (see …
  • … on the first page of J.  D.  Hooker 1859 , which stated that the essay was reprinted from …
  • … s “Flora of Tasmania,” published in June, 1859’. Hooker’s Flora Tasmaniæ ( J.  D.   …
  • … essay was not published until 29 December 1859 ( Taxonomic literature ); the introductory …
  • … essay itself was dated 4 November 1859. In subsequent editions of Antiquity of …
  • … of Hooker’s essay was given as December 1859. In C.  Lyell 1863a , p.  417, Lyell referred …
  • … to Hooker’s assertion in J.  D. Hooker 1859 , p.  viii, that ‘species which have remained …

From J. D. Hooker   22 December 1858

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Would appreciate loan of CD’s chapter on transmigration across tropics, which may help with the difficulties of Australian distribution.

Still regards plant types as older than animal types.

The Cape of Good Hope and Australian temperate floras cannot be connected by the highlands of Abyssinia.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 Dec 1858
Classmark:  DAR 100: 128–30
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2382

Matches: 8 hits

  • … Hooker 1859 . The Indian …
  • … in tropical Australia are listed in Hooker 1859 , pp. xlii–xlix. The problem of their …
  • … during a former cold period in Hooker 1859 . Hooker eventually decided that the waves of …
  • … could not have been simultaneous. See Hooker 1859 , pp. cii–cv. Jukes 1850 , pp.   …
  • … Joseph Beete Jukes’s work in Hooker 1859 , pp. c–ci. Hooker refers to CD’s anonymous …
  • … features of the Australian flora are discussed in Hooker 1859 , pp. xcii–xciv. Hooker …
  • … refers to the families Restionaceae and Thymelaeaceae. See Hooker 1859 , p. civ. …
  • … the fossil flora of Australia in Hooker 1859 , pp. c–ci. He noted the problematic ‘hiatus …

From J. D. Hooker   [2 June 1866]

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He is not grieved at CD’s omissions of his [JDH’s] work [from Origin, 4th ed.]. It proves nothing – claims only to be illustration of using CD’s methods.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [2 June 1866]
Classmark:  DAR 102: 78
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5110

Matches: 3 hits

  • … supported CD’s theory in J.  D.  Hooker 1859  and J.  D.  Hooker 1860a (see letter from …
  • … 61): 223–8, 335–61. Hooker, Joseph Dalton. 1859. On the flora of Australia, its origin, …
  • … of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. …

From J. D. Hooker   [6–11 December 1860]

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JDH’s page-by-page criticisms on Origin, first edition, as requested by CD for preparation of the third edition.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [6–11 Dec 1860]
Classmark:  DAR 104: 218
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3013

Matches: 4 hits

  • … races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. [Smith, …
  • … William]. 1859. Bunsen’s Egypt and the chronology of the Bible. Quarterly Review 105: 382– …
  • … Smith in an unsigned article published in the Quarterly Review in April 1859 ( [W.   …
  • … Smith] 1859 ; see Wellesley index 1: 742). In fact, CD had already replaced this sentence …

From J. D. Hooker   [13 May 1863]

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Lyell is "half-hearted but whole-headed" for CD’s theory. George Bentham wholly converted.

Bates’s book delightful but has a Darwinistic bias.

Cameroon plants.

JDH defends Bates against J. E. Gray’s slanders.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [13 May 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 101: 137–40
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4165

Matches: 5 hits

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. ‘Two forms in species of Linum ’: On the …
  • … whereas he never knew aught of these till 1859— I express my meaning very clumsily— I am …
  • … of Henry Walter Bates’s travels in the Amazon between April 1848 and July 1859; Origin was …
  • … published in November 1859. See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [9 May 1863] . The reference is …
  • … Museum since returning to England in 1859 ( Woodcock 1969 , p.  240), and had complained …

From J. D. Hooker   3 October 1868

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Encloses copy of H. Barkly’s answer to JDH’s inquiry on the Seychelles Island crocodile.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  3 Oct 1868
Classmark:  DAR 102: 238–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6410

Matches: 4 hits

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Pollen, François P. L. 1863. Énumération des …
  • … and Halliday. Tennent, James Emerson. 1859. Ceylon, an account of the island, physical, …
  • … meeting Adrian Calais on Mahé during his 1859 visit to the Seychelles ( Ryan 1864 , p.   …
  • … Crocodilis biporcatus, Cuvier ’ in Tennent 1859 , 1: 186–7, and Tennent 1861 , p.  284). …

From J. D. Hooker   12 November 1858

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Busy with introductory essay to [The botany of the Antarctic voyage, pt III] Flora Tasmaniae [printed separately as On the flora of Australia (1859)].

Now explains greater abundance of European species in Tasmania than in Fuegia by CD’s "refrigeration" hypothesis.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Nov 1858
Classmark:  DAR 100: 123–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2358

Matches: 3 hits

  • … printed separately as On the flora of Australia (1859)]. Now explains greater abundance of …
  • … with a different title page as Hooker 1859 (see Wiltshear 1913 ). CD’s an-notated copy of …
  • … the ‘refrigeration doctrine’ in Hooker 1859 . CD proposed that temperate plants had …

From J. D. Hooker   24 December 1865

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Oliver says H. E. Baillon found stamens on female flowers of Coelebogyne, but JDH and many botanists have never found any stamens.

Lyell wants to propose JDH for Copley Medal.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  24 Dec 1865
Classmark:  DAR 102: 51–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4955

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 76. Braun, Alexander Carl Heinrich. 1859. Uber Polyembryonie und Keimung von Caelebogyne. …
  • … Parthenogenesis bei Pflanzen. [Read 3 March 1859. ] Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie …
  • … was parthenogenetic must stand (see Braun 1859 , p.  117). CD had suggested this procedure …

From J. D. Hooker   [20 September 1867]

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Would be delighted to see CD at Kew.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [20 Sept 1867]
Classmark:  DAR 102: 179
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5631

Matches: 2 hits

  • … University Press. 1985–. Eliot, George. 1859. Adam Bede. 3 vols. Edinburgh: William …
  • … 31 August 1867 ). Hooker refers to Eliot 1859 . CD evidently found his copy, which he had …

From J. D. Hooker   [24 March 1863]

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Has been looking at separation of sexes in poplars.

Interested in reversion.

Does not understand all CD said on inheritance.

JDH now remembers that Origin was "published" some time before it was "distributed" and therefore appeared prior to his own essay [see also 2478].

Impossible to say whether some Dipterocarpaceae survived a cold period or have developed since.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [24 Mar 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 100: 154, DAR 101: 123–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2027

Matches: 4 hits

  • … of London. 1888. Hooker, Joseph Dalton. 1859. On the flora of Australia, its origin, …
  • … Lyell had claimed that J.  D.  Hooker 1859  was published several months before Origin , …
  • … last paragraph of which ( J.  D.  Hooker 1859 , p.  cxxviii) read: I would further observe …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. ‘Two forms in species of Linum ’: On the …

From J. D. Hooker   21 November 1869

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Has corresponded with Macmillan about Nature.

Will get the Kerner book.

Mere guesses must determine which form to fix on as the type.

Raises questions about the genealogical tree.

Serves Mlle Royer right.

Lyell declines Royal Society Presidency; now look to W. R. Grove. Long postscript on JDH’s views about knighthood.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 Nov 1869
Classmark:  DAR 103: 39–41
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7002

Matches: 3 hits

  • … also refers to Daniel Oliver . J.  D.  Hooker 1859 . Juglans is the walnut genus. See the …
  • … Botanic Gardens, Kew. Hooker, Joseph Dalton. 1859. On the flora of Australia, its origin, …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Risk, James C. 1972. The history of the …

From J. D. Hooker   [20 November 1858]

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At work on the introductory essay to Flora Tasmaniae.

Discusses the effects of climate and geography on "vegetable strife".

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [20 Nov 1858]
Classmark:  DAR 50: E1–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2367

Matches: 2 hits

  • … D. Hooker, [23 November 1858] ). Hooker 1859 . See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 14 November [ …
  • … Hooker considered this question in Hooker 1859 , pp. liii–lv. In CD’s copy of the work ( …

From J. D. Hooker   30 July [1867]

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Plans to come to Down on Saturday.

Returned Adam Bede two years ago.

Wishes CD would return Tylor’s Early history of mankind

and his own Himalayan journal with his notes, "both of which I have lent, i.e., lost".

Lyell well and full of "Insular" difficulties which he will propound.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  30 July [1867]
Classmark:  DAR 102: 172–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5588

Matches: 2 hits

  • … n.  2. Hooker had read Adam Bede ( Eliot 1859 ) by April 1860; see Correspondence vol.  8, …
  • … University Press. 1985–. Eliot, George. 1859. Adam Bede. 3 vols. Edinburgh: William …

From J. D. Hooker   29 May 1866

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JDH sends a list of the principal confirmatory evidences of CD’s theory which he has prepared at W. R. Grove’s request for Nottingham speech ["Presidential address", Rep. BAAS 26 (1866): liii–lxxxi].

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 May 1866
Classmark:  DAR 102: 77
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5104

Matches: 3 hits

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. ‘Three forms of Lythrum salicaria ’: On the …
  • … and Arctic floras ( J.  D.  Hooker 1859  and J.  D.  Hooker 1860a ). In his presidential …
  • … pp. liii–lxxxii. Hooker, Joseph Dalton. 1859. On the flora of Australia, its origin, …
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The writing of "Origin"

Summary

From a quiet rural existence at Down in Kent, filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on the transmutation of species, Darwin was jolted into action in 1858 by the arrival of an unexpected letter (no longer extant) from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … hopes.— (letter to Charles Lyell,  25 [November 1859] ) The year 1858 opened with …
  • … the writing of this ‘abstract’ continued until March 1859; the resulting volume was published in …
  • … instinct the previous March. By the middle of March 1859, Darwin had finished the last …
  • … upon Lyell for advice (letter to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] ). Lyell suggested the firm of …
  • … plan of his book (see letter from Elwin to Murray, 3 May 1859 , and letter to John Murray, 6 …
  • … the forthcoming book (letter to Charles Lyell, 30 March [1859] ). Darwin next considered calling …
  • … and varieties’ (letters to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] , and to John Murray, 10 September …
  • … Appendix II). Twice in 1858 and three times in 1859 he had gone to Moor Park in Surrey for a week’s …
  • … than when I came’ (letter to W. D. Fox, [16 November 1859] ). It was during his stay at Ilkley …
  • … rag is worth anything?’ (letter to T. H. Huxley, 2 June [1859] ). But as critical letters began …
  • … of induction’ (letter from Adam Sedgwick, 24 November 1859 ). Equally painful was the news that …
  • … (letter to Charles Lyell, [10 December 1859] ). To each of his critics, Darwin replied by resting …
  • … to me to do.’ (letter to Adam Sedgwick, 26 November [1859] ). Even his strongest …
  • … of Darwin’s theory (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 6 May 1859 ). Among the older scientists, only …
  • … the origin of mankind. As he wrote to Darwin on 3 October 1859 , ‘the case of Man and his Races …
  • … to their mercies’ (letter to J. D. Hooker, [22 November 1859] ). Late in December, to Darwin’s …
  • …  were the man.’ (letter to T. H. Huxley, 28 December [1859] ). Huxley admitted his authorship to …
  • … without good cause.’ (letter to John Murray, 2 December [1859] ). At Murray’s trade sale …
  • … had made’ (letter from Charles Kingsley, 18 November 1859 ). This and the two references to the …
  • … try to make out truth’ (letter to W. D. Fox, 24 [March 1859] ). Yet he desperately wanted people …
  • … on our side.—’ (letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 December [1859] ). …

Darwin in letters, 1858-1859: Origin

Summary

The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet rural existence filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on species, he was jolted into action by the arrival of an unexpected letter from Alfred Russel Wallace…

Matches: 25 hits

  • … The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet …
  • … and prompted the composition and publication, in November 1859, of Darwin’s major treatise  On the …
  • …  exceeded my wildest hopes By the end of 1859, Darwin’s work was being discussed in …
  • … ‘When I was in spirits’, he told Lyell at the end of 1859, ‘I sometimes fancied that my book w  d …
  • … hopes.—’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [November 1859] ). This transformation in Darwin’s personal …
  • … the writing of this ‘abstract’ continued until March 1859; the resulting volume was published in …
  • … Botanic Gardens at Kew (see Appendix VII). The year 1859 began auspiciously with Darwin …
  • … 1854) ( Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society  15 (1859): xxv). One of the most …
  • … theory. As he wrote in his introductory essay (Hooker 1859, p. ii): 'In the present Essay I …
  • … to test such a theory. His essay, published in December 1859, was the first serious study of the …
  • … the other’s ideas (see letters to J. D. Hooker, 2 March [1859] , 11 March [1859] , and 7 …
  • … upon Lyell for advice ( letter to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] ). Lyell suggested the firm of …
  • … plan of his book (see letter from Elwin to Murray, 3 May 1859 , and letter to John Murray, 6 …
  • … the forthcoming book ( letter to Charles Lyell, 30 March [1859] ). Darwin next considered calling …
  • … and varieties’ (letters to Charles Lyell, 28 March [1859] , and to John Murray, 10 September …
  • … Appendix II). Twice in 1858 and three times in 1859 he had gone to Moor Park in Surrey for a week’s …
  • … than when I came’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, [16 November 1859] ). It was during his stay at Ilkley …
  • … rag is worth anything?’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 2 June [1859] ). But as critical letters began …
  • … of induction’ ( letter from Adam Sedgwick, 24 November 1859 ). Equally painful was the news that …
  • … ( letter to Charles Lyell, [10 December 1859] ). To each of his critics, Darwin replied by resting …
  • … to me to do.’ ( letter to Adam Sedgwick, 26 November [1859] ). Even his strongest …
  • … of Darwin’s theory ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 6 May 1859 ). Among the older scientists, only …
  • … the origin of mankind. As he wrote to Darwin on 3 October 1859, ‘the case of Man and his Races & …
  • … to their mercies’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [22 November 1859] ). Late in December, to Darwin’s …
  • …  were the man.’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 28 December [1859] ). Huxley admitted his authorship to …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … dates: 1 st edition published, 24 November 1859 2d English edition: printing …
  • … heard that a new edition was already needed on 24 November 1859, the same day that the first …
  • … As he read the proof sheets from September to November 1859, Lyell buried Darwin under a blizzard of …

Controversy

Summary

The best-known controversies over Darwinian theory took place in public or in printed reviews. Many of these were highly polemical, presenting an over-simplified picture of the disputes. Letters, however, show that the responses to Darwin were extremely…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Letter 2525 — Darwin, C. R. to Sedgwick, Adam, 11 Nov 1859 Darwin writes to Sedgwick to tell …
  • … Letter 2548 — Sedgwick, Adam to Darwin, C. R., 24 Nov 1859 Adam Sedgwick thanks Darwin for …
  • … Letter 2555 — Darwin, C. R. to Sedgwick, Adam, 26 Nov [1859] Darwin says Sedgwick could not …
  • … Letter 2526 — Owen, Richard to Darwin, C. R., 12 Nov 1859 Owen says to Darwin he will welcome …
  • … Letter 2575 — Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, Charles, [10 Dec 1859] Darwin discusses with King' …
  • … Letter 2580 — Darwin, C. R. to Owen, Richard, 13 Dec [1859] Darwin responds to Owen’s remarks …

On the Origin of Species

Summary

From a quiet rural existence at Down in Kent, filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on the transmutation of species, Darwin was jolted into action in 1858 by the arrival of an unexpected letter (no longer extant) from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … (letter to Charles Lyell,  25 [November 1859] ). From a quiet rural existence at Down in …
  • … and prompted the composition and publication, in November 1859, of Darwin’s major treatise On the …

Francis Galton

Summary

Galton was a naturalist, statistician, and evolutionary theorist. He was a second cousin of Darwin’s, having descended from his grandfather, Erasmus. Born in Birmingham in 1822, Galton studied medicine at King’s College, London, and also read mathematics…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … into an entirely new province of knowledge’ ( 9 December 1859 ). He soon became interested in …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … by inheritance.’  (Darwin to W. D. Fox,  23 September [1859] ). He believed that five of his …
  • … and especially billiards were favourite family games, and in 1859 he ended a letter to his oldest …
  • … game of Billiards’. (Darwin to his son William,  7 July [1859] ). Whole family outings were …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2447 - Darwin to Murray, J., [5 April 1859] Darwin sends a manuscript copy of …
  • … Letter 2461 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [11 May 1859] Darwin expresses anxiety over …

John Lubbock

Summary

John Lubbock was eight years old when the Darwins moved into the neighbouring property of Down House, Down, Kent; the total of one hundred and seventy surviving letters he went on to exchange with Darwin is a large number considering that the two men lived…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … or against me. ( to John Lubbock, 14 December [1859] ) When Origin was …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 2 hits

  • … should not be in conflict. A TREMENDOUS FURORE: 1859-1860 In which Darwin distributes …
  • … 12 OCTOBER 1857 60 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, SUMMER 1859 61 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … 11 April 1833 Letter to C. R. Lyell, 11 October [1859] Letter to Charles …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 10 hits

  • … but his views were generally derided. 1  In 1859, Lyell visited several sites in …
  • … that these were indeed implements of early humans (C. Lyell 1859). In September 1860 he visited …
  • … in French, earlier reports written in Danish (Morlot 1859, Forchhammer et al. 1851–5); Lubbock …
  • … for their work in the Brixham cave explorations of 1858 and 1859. 5 Another controversy arose …
  • … its appearance in print; first in French, dated Berne, Sept. 1859, in the ‘Mémoires de la Société …
  • … zoologist M. Claparède had also conversed with me in 1859 on the researches of the best Danish …
  • … gave me an abstract for my use, in a letter dated December 1859. He referred me chiefly to ‘Oversigt …
  • … and Edinburgh: Williams & Norgate. Lyell, Charles. 1859. On the occurrence of works of …
  • … vols. London: John Murray. Morlot, Charles Adolphe. 1859. Etudes géologico-archéologiques en …
  • … struggle for life . By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Owen, Richard. 1863. Ape …

Instinct and the Evolution of Mind

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Slave-making ants For Darwin, slave-making ants were a powerful example of the force of instinct. He used the case of the ant Formica sanguinea in the On the Origin of Species to show how instinct operates—how…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … After Origin of Species was published in 1859, friends, acquaintances, and strangers …
  • … Darwin, Charles. On the Origin of Species . 1859. London: John Murray. (See: Chapter 7 “Instinct” …
  • … Letter 2456 —Frederick Smith to Darwin, 30 Apr 1859 Here Smith answers a number of Darwin …

Darwin & Glen Roy

Summary

Although Darwin was best known for his geological work in South America and other remote Beagle destinations, he made one noteworthy attempt to explain a puzzling feature of British geology.  In 1838, two years after returning from the voyage, he travelled…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … [after September 20 1847] To A.C. Ramsay, 1 July [1859] From Thomas Jamieson, …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Letter 2447 - Darwin to Murray, J., [5 April 1859] Darwin asks his publisher, John …
  • … Letter 2461  - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [11 May 1859] Darwin expresses anxiety over …
  • … Letter 2475  - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [2 July 1859] Darwin returns the manuscript of …
  • … Letter 2501   - Lyell, C. to Darwin, [3 October 1859] Lyell offers praise and …

Origin

Summary

Darwin’s most famous work, Origin, had an inauspicious beginning. It grew out of his wish to establish priority for the species theory he had spent over twenty years researching. Darwin never intended to write Origin, and had resisted suggestions in 1856…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … across tropics ’. When Hooker’s essay was published in 1859, it was one of the first publications …
  • … as by far the most capable judge in Europe. ’ By April 1859, he was able to tell Wallace that ‘ …
  • … Abstract ’ would not be finished until around April 1859. But this was an optimistic estimate. …
  • … of favoured races” ’, he told Lyell. On 31 March 1859, Darwin wrote to Murray describing his work …
  • … the work of correcting proofs continued over the summer of 1859, Darwin had to take the water cure …
  • … never shirked a difficulty’, he told Lyell on 20 September 1859, ‘ I am foolishly anxious for your …
  • … of Science meeting held in Aberdeen from 14 to 21 September 1859. Darwin was confident that in time …
  • … and negative, to his work flowed in. By early December 1859, he admitted that he needed to ‘ think …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2534 — Kingsley, Charles to Darwin, C. R., 18 Nov 1859 Clergyman Charles Kingsley …
  • … Letter 2548 — Sedgwick, Adam to Darwin, C. R., 24 Nov 1859 Woodwardian Professor of geology, …

Darwin in public and private

Summary

Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … in the struggle for life , (London: John Murray, 1st ed., 1859), p. 88. 2) “There is one …
  • … 489 – Darwin to Wedgwood, E., [20 January 1859] Darwin writes to his fiancée, Emma, …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 18 hits

  • … Hooker has it.— Very important Hookers letter Jan. 1859 Yules Ava [Yule 1858] (Innes) Hairy …
  • … The Dog in health & Disease by Stonehenge—Longman 1859 [Stonehenge 1859].— on Toy–Dogs …
  • … [Combe 1828] Macclintocks Arctic Voyage [Macclintock 1859] [DAR *128: 153] …
  • … [G. Bennett 1860] Read 114 Village Bells [Manning] 1859] } Fanny The Woman in White …
  • … Republic [Motley 1855] [DAR 128: 24] 1859 Pagets Lectures on Pathology …
  • … 1803] (nothing) [DAR 128: 25] 1859 Feb. 28 Olmstead S. States [Olmsted …
  • … Mast [R. H. Dana [1840] (good) Bertrams [Trollope 1859] & Adam Bede [Eliot 1859] …
  • … (many novels) Dec: Dana to Cuba & back [R. H. Dana 1859] —— Cruize in Japanese …
  • … on Maladies of Silk-worm [Quatrefages de Bréau 1859] Owen Lecture on Classification [R. Owen …
  • … March. 8 Houdins the conjurer Life [Robert-Houdin [1859] 19 MacClintocks Narrative …
  • … Gesellschaft für die gesammten Naturwissenschaften . In 1859 he was the coauthor, with E. Desor, …
  • … des progrès de la géologie de   1834 à 1845(–1859) . 8 vols. Paris. [Vol. 1 (1847) in Darwin …
  • … at sea . New York. [Other eds.]  128: 25 ——. 1859.  To Cuba and back. A vacation voyage …
  • … Eliot, George,  pseud . (Marian Evans Cross). 1859.  Adam   Bede . 3 vols. Edinburgh. [Other …
  • …  (1849): 381–420. [Separately printed in 2 vols. (Paris, 1859) in Darwin Library.]  *128: 177 …
  • … 119: 16a Hodson, William Stephen Raikes. 1859.  Twelve years of a   soldier’s life in …
  • … 1–46.  119: 9b [Jenkin, Henrietta Camilla]. 1859.  Cousin Stella; or,   conflict . 3 …
  • … Library.]  119: 9a Macclintock, Francis Leopold. 1859.  The voyage of the   “Fox” in …

John Murray

Summary

Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … natural selection (Origin)  was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who …
  • … cousin and business partner, the earliest letters date from 1859, the year of the publication of  …
  • … you may not repent of having undertaken it’ (15 October [1859] Letter 2506 ). Murray decided on a …
  • … & proud at the appearance of my child’ ([3 November 1859] Letter 2514 ). In the event, all …
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