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To Godfrey Wedgwood   21 April [1856]

Summary

Thanks GW for his report about the rabbits at Sandon [Staffs.]. Fears case has broken down, except that it is now known that such a breed has run wild for some years. No need to send bodies since breed is so obscure.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Godfrey Wedgwood
Date:  21 Apr [1856]
Classmark:  Barbara and Robert Pincus (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1857

Matches: 1 hit

  • … DCP-LETT-1857

To Frances Mackintosh Wedgwood   18 [August 1856 – January 1858]

Summary

Is flattered by a proposal that he undertake some reviewing work, but has many years’ work in prospect on his present book on species and varieties.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Frances Emma Elizabeth (Fanny) Mackintosh; Frances Emma Elizabeth (Fanny) Wedgwood
Date:  18 [Aug 1856 - Jan 1858]
Classmark:  DAR 148: 303
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1810

Matches: 13 hits

  • … Darwin Down 18 Aug 1856 18 Sept 1856 18 Oct 1856 18 Nov 1856 18 Dec 1856 18 Jan 1857 18 …
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  • … Dec 1857 18 Jan 1858 Frances Emma Elizabeth (Fanny) Mackintosh/Frances Emma Elizabeth ( …
  • … 18 th —. ’ occurred in August 1856, May 1857, and January 1858. The next possible Monday …

To John William Lubbock   28 [June 1856 – January 1865?]

Summary

Regrets he cannot accept dinner invitation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John William Lubbock, 3d baronet
Date:  28 [June 1856 - Jan 1865]
Classmark:  The Royal Society (LUB: D26)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1880

Matches: 12 hits

  • … 28 July 1856 28 Aug 1856 28 Sept 1856 28 Oct 1856 28 Nov 1856 28 Dec 1856 28 Jan 1857 28 …
  • … Feb 1857 28 …
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  • … Dec 1857 28 Jan 1858 28 Feb 1858 28 Mar 1858 28 Apr 1858 28 May 1858 28 June 1858 28 July …

To John Lubbock   27 October [1856]

Summary

Comments on JL’s paper on Daphnia, ["An account of methods of reproduction in Daphnia and of the structure of the ephippium", Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 147 (1857): 79–100].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Date:  27 Oct [1856]
Classmark:  DAR 263: 14 (EH 88206463)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1979

Matches: 9 hits

  • … and of the structure of the ephippium", Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 147 (1857): 79–100]. …
  • … Dated by the reference to the manuscript of Lubbock 1857 . Lubbock sent CD the …
  • … paper on reproduction in Daphnia ( Lubbock 1857 ). CD communicated the paper to the Royal …
  • … pages of the published version ( Lubbock 1857 , pp.  95–9), Lubbock summarised recent work …
  • … could retain live sperm to fertilise successive broods ( Lubbock 1857 , p.  88). Lubbock …
  • … eggs from isolated specimens’ ( Lubbock 1857 , p.  87). However, he went on to describe …
  • … the expression ‘at once evident’ ( Lubbock 1857 , p.  79). Thomas Babington Macaulay . CD …
  • … development of agamic eggs after their deposition ( Lubbock 1857 , p.  83). Lubbock cited …
  • … Milne-Edwards 1834–40 ) in Lubbock 1857 , pp.   84–5, before stating that Hercule Eugène …

To T. H. Huxley   9 December [1856]

Summary

Grateful for Siebold’s wonderful facts [C. T. E. von Siebold, On a true parthenogenesis in moths and bees (1856), trans. by W. S. Dallas (1857)].

Vitality of spermatozoa.

Hybridisation of bees. Bees are in one respect his greatest theoretical difficulty.

CD still convinced about the relation of cement receptacles and ovarian tubes [in Crustacea].

Birth of C. W. Darwin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  9 Dec [1856]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 42, 374)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2017

Matches: 6 hits

  • … CD read the translation early in 1857. See letter to T.  H. Huxley, 8 July [1856] , in …
  • … and bees (1856), trans. by W. S. Dallas (1857)]. Vitality of spermatozoa. Hybridisation of …
  • … Vols. 7,8] Siebold, Karl Theodor Ernst von. 1857. On a true parthenogenesis in moths and …
  • … November 1856. Siebold 1856  was translated by William Sweetland Dallas ( Siebold 1857 ). …
  • … translation of Siebold’s book ( Siebold 1857 ) is in the Darwin Library–CUL. He discussed …
  • … the tenth lecture, published in April 1857 and treating the internal anatomy of Astacus , …

To J. D. Hooker   11–12 November [1856]

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Summary

CD relieved by JDH’s positive response to his MS.

CD continues observations on means of transport.

JDH’s Raoul Island paper [J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot.) 22 (1857): 133–41], showing continuity of vegetation with New Zealand, best evidence yet of continental extension.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  11–12 Nov [1856]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 181
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1986

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Bibliography Salter, John William. 1857. On some new Palæozoic star-fishes. Annals and …
  • … paper [ J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot. ) 22 (1857): 133–41], showing continuity of vegetation …
  • … gave rise to a vegetation different from that of the surrounding area (J.   Salter 1857 ). …
  • … th . Nothing came up. )’. J.  D. Hooker 1857 . James Salter had reported that mud scraped …

To John Lubbock   [1 November 1856]

Summary

Discusses arthropod structure and the nature of the corium.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Date:  [1 Nov 1856]
Classmark:  DAR 263: 5 (EH 88206454)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1980

Matches: 5 hits

  • … carapace was formed around a thin membrane, the corium ( Lubbock 1857 , p.  87). Lubbock …
  • … transverse sections in his plate of the carapace ( Lubbock 1857 , Pl. VII, figs. 4 and 5). …
  • … of Lubbock’s work on Daphnia ( Lubbock 1857 ), which CD communicated to the Royal Society …
  • … 1856] , was 1 November 1856. In Lubbock 1857 , pp.  96–7, Lubbock described all the known …
  • … the truth of such observations ( Lubbock 1857 , p.  97). CD was working on his chapter on …

To William Erasmus Darwin   [26 February 1856]

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Summary

Writes of WED’s progress at school and events at home.

Discusses pigeons, with which he is "getting on splendidly".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  [26 Feb 1856]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 8
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1804

Matches: 4 hits

  • … See also letter to John Lubbock, [6 March 1857] , in which the same rule is discussed in …
  • … Club; he was one of the trustees from 1857 to 1883 ( [Cowell] 1975 ). William Darwin was …
  • … was actually in the sixth form, which he did not enter until February 1857 (see letter to …
  • … Syms Covington, 22 February 1857 ). Emma Darwin was in Hartfield, Sussex, where her …

To John Murray   20 November [1856–7]

Summary

Thanks for gift [of books requested in 1026]. Sale is a good deal more than he had anticipated.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  20 Nov [1856-7]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.54–55)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1028

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Ms.42153 ff.54–55) Charles Robert Darwin Down 20 Nov 1856 20 Nov 1857 John Murray …
  • … 20 November 1856 or Thursday, 19 November 1857. Either possibility would fit well with …

To J. M. Herbert   18 November [1856]

Summary

Defers a visit with Lieutenant Blakiston; "my wife is out of health & expects her confinement in a few weeks, & I cannot possibly receive any one here or leave home . . ."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Maurice Herbert
Date:  18 Nov [1856]
Classmark:  Sotheby’s, New York (dealers) (June 1991); Remember When Antiquities (dealers) (catalogue 26, 1992); Gerard A. J. Stodolski Inc. (dealers) (1995)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2020A

Matches: 4 hits

  • … to Thomas Wright Blakiston’s expedition in 1857 (see n.  2, below). Blakiston evidently …
  • … Canada, and the Rocky Mountains in 1857 ( DNB ). No letter from Herbert containing this …
  • … CD was in London from 13 to 16 January 1857 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). Herschel …
  • … letter to William Sharpey, 24 January [1857] ( Correspondence vol.  6). Frederick Watkins …

To J. D. Hooker   8 April [1856]

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Summary

Mustering support at Royal Society Council for John Lindley’s Copley Medal. CD thinks Albany Hancock deserves a Royal Medal.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  8 Apr [1856]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 160
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1851

Matches: 5 hits

  • … in 1858. The Beckenham junction was completed on 1 January 1857 (see letter to W.   …
  • … D. Fox, 8 February [1857] ). …
  • … Sabine, 23 April [1856] ). Lindley received a Royal Medal in 1857 (see letters to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 2 June 1857  and …
  • … 5 June [1857] , and Royal Society council minutes). Hugh Falconer had retired from the …

To Joseph Augustin Hubert de Bosquet   9 September [1856]

Summary

On JAHdeB’s discovery of Cretaceous Chthamalus. Cites his own acceptance of negative evidence about Chthamali in Fossil Lepadidae.

Comments on JAHdeB’s cirripede drawings.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Augustin Hubert de Bosquet
Date:  9 Sept [1856]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.138)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1952

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Bosquet, Joseph Augustin Hubert de. 1857. Notice sur quelques cirripèdes récémment …
  • … cirripede, which was described in Bosquet 1857 . Bosquet’s letter notifying CD of the …
  • … fossil Crustacea ( Bosquet 1854 ). Bosquet 1857 . In the published version, Bosquet named …
  • … s honour. There are two copies of Bosquet 1857  in the Darwin Library–Down, one of which …

To Harriet Lubbock   [8 December 1856]

Summary

Thanks her for kindness. Announces, "We have now half-a-dozen Boys" [Charles Waring Darwin, born 6 Dec].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Harriet Hotham; Harriet Lubbock
Date:  [8 Dec 1856]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.141)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2015

Matches: 2 hits

  • … was the governess of the Darwin children until 6 January 1857 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). …
  • … Mary Ann Pugh took her place in April 1857. The Lubbocks had eight sons and three …

To John Thompson   26 November [1856]

Summary

Thanks for promise of rabbit carcase and for information about rabbit at Zoological Society’s Garden.

Requests correspondent to ask Mr Vivian for carcase of an old "Creve-coeur" cock. CD has found that the skull in this breed is modified to support its comb.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Thompson
Date:  26 Nov [1856]
Classmark:  Cambridge University Library Add 4251: 337
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2001

Matches: 4 hits

  • … book (Down House MS), dated 22 January 1857, recording a payment of 12 s . 6 d . to ‘ …
  • … 16 (1856): 265–6. In Cottage Gardener 18 (1857): 336–7, he reported the results of cross- …
  • … The letter also precedes a payment for rabbits made in January 1857 (see n.  1, above). …
  • … silver grey rabbit paid for in January 1857 (see n.  1, above). CD’s interest in silver …

To W. B. Tegetmeier   29 November [1856]

Summary

Has received some poultry from various parts of the world.

CD is glad that WBT is describing the birds that he acquires.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  29 Nov [1856]
Classmark:  Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2004

Matches: 2 hits

  • … R. Wallace, 1 May 1857) . The letter of 10 October has not been found. …
  • … Wallace, dated 10 October 1856, when he wrote to Wallace in May 1857 (see letter to A.   …

To J. D. Hooker   1 June [1856]

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Summary

CD (and Emma) had a good laugh over JDH’s mortified response to a misinterpretation (in print) concerning his position on multiple creation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  1 June [1856]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 164
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1885

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Press. 1985–. Griffith, Richard. 1857. On the remains of fossil plants discovered in the …
  • … and subsequently announced in R.  Griffith 1857 . They were identified as belonging to a …
  • … read in conjunction with R.  Griffith 1857 ). Daniel Sharpe died on 31 May 1856 following …

To John Murray   17 November [1856–7]

Summary

Asks JM for four copies of his Journal of researches [2d ed.] at wholesale price. Also asks for total number of copies sold.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  17 Nov [1856-7]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.62–63)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1026

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Ms.42153 ff.62–63) Charles Robert Darwin Down 17 Nov 1856 17 Nov 1857 John Murray …

From M. J. Berkeley   7 March 1856

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Summary

Reports on breeding experiments with various seeds: corn, aubergine, kidney beans, sugar-peas. Speculates that cause of changes in seed colour in sugar-peas may be mere variation rather than result of impregnation.

Author:  Miles Joseph Berkeley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  7 Mar 1856
Classmark:  DAR 160: 174
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1836

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Bibliography Berkeley, Miles Joseph. 1857. Introduction to cryptogamic botany. London. …
  • … 1856] and n.  7. Gärtner 1849 . Berkeley 1857 . Arthur and Charlotte Elizabeth Rawson are …

To T. H. Huxley   4 May [1856]

Summary

It seems improper that his advances to G. B. Sowerby Jr for payment of engravings should not have been mentioned to Council of Ray Society. His appreciation of the Society.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  4 May [1856]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 35)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1868

Matches: 3 hits

  • … the society was facing bankruptcy. In 1857, however, the situation began to improve …
  • … council of the Ray Society ’, 2 September 1857, bound into the copy of T.  H. Huxley 1859b …
  • … Ray Society repaid CD £67 on 21 November 1857. An entry in his Account book (Down House …

To George Bentham   30 November [1856]

Summary

Thanks GB for information on Leguminosae, especially about those with apetalous flowers and almost without anthers.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Bentham
Date:  30 Nov [1856]
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Bentham Correspondence, Vol. 3, Daintree–Dyer, 1830–1884, GEB/1/3: f. 685)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2005

Matches: 2 hits

  • … in a paper on ‘Bees and fertilization of Kidney beans’ published in 1857 (see letter to …
  • … Gardeners’ Chronicle , 18 October [1857]). …
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Six things Darwin never said – and one he did

Summary

Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly attributed to Darwin that never flowed from his pen.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly …

Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … of information about his preoccupations during 1856 and 1857. They reveal little noticed aspects of …
  • … as ever I can.’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 8 February [1857] ). Darwin also attempted to test …
  • … the alpine plants pretty effectually’ complained Darwin in 1857 ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [2 May …
  • … of calculation was wrong ( letter to John Lubbock, 14 July [1857] ). Darwin thought his results …
  • … experiments on plants through the summers of 1856 and 1857, particularly with garden vegetables like …
  • … Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette  in October 1857, to be followed by a second notice in 1858. …
  • … find the work: am I not a kind Father?’ Darwin wrote in 1857, soon followed by the complaint ‘You …
  • … to end!’ (letters to W. E. Darwin, [17 February 1857] and 21 [July 1857] ). The problem of …
  • … of his manuscript ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 1 May 1857 ) seem innocuous and hardly the veiled …
  • … are all vividly displayed in Darwin's letters. By the end of 1857, Darwin was well on the way …
  • … long letter to Asa Gray ( letter to Asa Gray, 5 September [1857] ). From this letter it is evident …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … was in Darwin’s day.  To J. D. Hooker,  3 June [1857] :  on the struggle for existence in …

Language: key letters

Summary

How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … 2070: Wedgwood, Hensleigh to Darwin, C. R., [before 29 Sept 1857] Darwin’s brother-in-law, …

Abstract of Darwin’s theory

Summary

There are two extant versions of the abstract of Darwin’s theory of natural selection. One was sent to Asa Gray on 5 September 1857, enclosed with a letter of the same date (see Correspondence vol. 6, letter to Asa Gray, 5 September [1857] and enclosure).…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … natural selection. One was sent to Asa Gray on 5 September 1857, enclosed with a letter of the same …
  • … to Prof. Asa Gray, Boston, U.S., dated Down, September 5th, 1857.” (Darwin and Wallace 1858, p. 50). …
  • … was sent to A. Gray 8 or 9 months ago, I think October 1857 [‘or perhaps’  del ]’. The printed …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 4 hits

  • … the Origin of Species…’ FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH: 1857-1858 In which Gray and Hooker …
  • … JUNE 1855 20  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 1 JANUARY 1857 21  A GRAY TO C DARWIN, …
  • … MARCH 1862 35  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 1 JANUARY 1857 36  A GRAY TO C DARWIN …
  • … OCTOBER 1858 59 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 12 OCTOBER 1857 60 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, …

The "wicked book": Origin at 157

Summary

Origin is 157 years old.  (Probably) the most famous book in science was published on 24 November 1859.  To celebrate we have uploaded hundreds of new images of letters, bringing the total number you can look at here to over 9000 representing more than…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ’s appearance, but there is a fascinating scrap from 1857 comparing his views on species to …

Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia

Summary

Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … a high compliment when he touched upon this matter in his 1857 lecture on cirripedes. In his praise …
  • … and not an anatomist ex professo .’ (T. H. Huxley 1857, p. 238 n.).    While Darwin’s …
  • … nos. 2118 and 2119, letter to T. H. Huxley, 5 July [1857] , and letter from T. H. Huxley, 7 …

What is an experiment?

Summary

Darwin is not usually regarded as an experimenter, but rather as an astute observer and a grand theorist. His early career seems to confirm this. He began with detailed note-taking, collecting and cataloguing on the Beagle, and edited a descriptive zoology…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … observation’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 22 December 1857 ). Much of his research and many …
  • … little experiments’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [21 March 1857] ; letter to J. S. Henslow, 27 June …

Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I

Summary

Darwin encountered problems with the term ‘natural selection’ even before Origin appeared.  Everyone from the Harvard botanist Asa Gray to his own publisher came up with objections. Broadly these divided into concerns either that its meaning simply wasn’t…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … written in 1842 , and, as he told Asa Gray in September 1857 , he intended to call the ‘ big …

Dates of composition of Darwin's manuscript on species

Summary

Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s manuscript on species (DAR 8--15.1, inclusive; transcribed and published as Natural selection). This manuscript, begun in May 1856, was nearly completed by…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s …
  • … 4 26 January 1857 Variation under nature (DAR 9; …
  • … 5 3 March 1857 The struggle for existence as bearing on …
  • … 6 31 March 1857 On natural selection (DAR 10.2; …
  • … 7 29 September 1857 Laws of variation: varieties & …
  • … 8 29 September 1857 Difficulties on the theory of …
  • … 9 29 December 1857 Hybridism (DAR 12; Natural …

The evolution of honeycomb

Summary

Honeycombs are natural engineering marvels, using the least possible amount of wax to provide the greatest amount of storage space, with the greatest possible structural stability. Darwin recognised that explaining the evolution of the honey-bee’s comb…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of other cells. (Letter from G. R. Waterhouse, 14 April 1857 .) In a later letter …

Darwin's bad days

Summary

Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and experimenting, even Darwin had some bad days. These times when nothing appeared to be going right are well illustrated by the following quotations from his letters:

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … the Rock’ ( letter to E. W. V. Harcourt, 13 December [1857] ). In May 1857, Darwin wrote to …
  • … class with Lyell’ ( letter to William Sharpey, 22 May [1857] ). There are a few letters …

Scientific Networks

Summary

Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2125 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 20 July [1857] Darwin writes a challenging letter …
  • … of the ephippium”, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 147 (1857): 79–100]. Darwin and Müller …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 2055  - Langton, E. to Darwin,  F., [21 February 1857] Darwin’s nephew, Edmund, …
  • … Letter 2069  - Tenant, J. to Darwin, [31 March 1857] James Tenant, keeper of the …

Alfred Russel Wallace

Summary

Wallace was a leading Victorian naturalist, with wide-ranging interests from biogeography and evolutionary theory to spiritualism and politics. He was born in 1823 in Usk, a small town in south-east Wales, and attended a grammar school in Hertford. At the…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … and most famously, the problem of species change. In 1857, Darwin and Wallace exchanged …
  • … observations and theoretical abilities. In a letter of 1 May 1857, he alluded to his own unfinished …
  • … Science … may all your theories succeed” (22 December 1857). It may have been this shared interest …

Before Origin: the ‘big book’

Summary

Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … ago’, he wrote to the American botanist Asa Gray in July 1857, it occurred to me that …
  • … staggered about the permanence of species.— By 1857, Darwin had found the confidence to …
  • … And this much acceleration I owe to you. ’ In February 1857, the rate of this acceleration was …
  • … the way facts fall into groups ’, he told Fox in February 1857. Trials of strength …
  • … in theory of the descent of species ’. In December 1857, Darwin had expressed his satisfaction that …
  • … there is no good & original observation ’. In 1857, Darwin recorded in his journal that …
  • … varieties differ from each other’, he told Wallace in May 1857, before stating ‘ I am now preparing …

The writing of "Origin"

Summary

From a quiet rural existence at Down in Kent, filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on the transmutation of species, Darwin was jolted into action in 1858 by the arrival of an unexpected letter (no longer extant) from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … completed his ninth chapter, on hybridism, on 29 December 1857, Darwin began in January 1858 to …
  • … on variation under nature. Having learned in the summer of 1857 that his method for deriving …
  • … with an abstract of his views sent to Asa Gray in September 1857. The correspondence between Darwin, …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … 112 Jukes. “Students Manual of Geology” [Jukes 1857]— published a few years ago, good on …
  • … Lucas l’Heredite Naturelle [Lucas 1847–50] 1857 Nov. 15. Andersson Lake Gnami …
  • … Thackeray English Humourists [Thackeray 1853] 1857 Jan. Cockburn life of Selby [ …
  • … 1856]: H. Coverdale [Smedley [1854–6]: Quits [Tautphoeus] 1857] 29 Lutfullah. Life of …
  • … Marsh] 1858] Buckle History of Civilisation [Buckle 1857] Feb. 28 Sir J. Mackintosh …
  • … Oct. 22. Olmstead Journey through Texas [Olmsted 1857] Dec. Motley’s History of Dutch …
  • … 1853]— Aug.— Sherard Osborne’s Quedah [Osborn 1857] d[itt]o d[itt]o Arctic Journal …
  • … Harris 1842] Jukes Student Manual of Geology [Jukes 1857] Azara’s Quadrupeds [Azara …
  • … *119: 18v.; 119: 8a, 21a Buckle, Henry Thomas. 1857.  History of civilization in   …
  • … 21v., 22; 119: 19a Gaskell, Elizabeth Cleghorn. 1857.  The life of Charlotte   Brontë . …
  • … [Abstract in DAR 205.3: 138.]  119: 20a ——. 1857.  The student’s manual of geology. …
  • … [Other eds.]  *119: 15v. Livingstone, David. 1857.  Missionary travels and   researches …
  • … 3 vols. Vivay. [Other eds.]  *119: 22 Lutfullah. 1857.  Autobiography of Lutfullah: a …
  • … *119: 23; 128: 5 Napier, William Francis Patrick. 1857.  The life and opinions of General …
  • … of   Elgin’s mission to China and Japan in the years 1857, 1858,   1859 . 2 vols. Edinburgh and …
  • … on their economy . New York.  128: 25 ——. 1857.  A journey through Texas; or, a winter …
  • …  an Arctic journal\. London.  128: 25 ——. 1857.  Quedah; or, stray leaves from a journal …
  • … Rouvroy, Louis de, Duke de Saint-Simon Vermandois. 1857.  The memoirs of the Duke of Saint Simon on …
  • … [Other eds.]  *119: 1v.; 119: 12a Smiles, Samuel. 1857.  The life of George Stephenson, …
  • …  New York.  *128: 178 [Tautphoeus, Jemima von]. 1857.  Quits; a novel . 3 vols. London.  …
  • … . Edited by J. C. Morris. Madras. 1833–51. Second series, 1857–. [Abstract in DAR 74: 177.]  *119: …
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