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Darwin Correspondence Project
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From Emma Darwin to J. D. Hooker   26 December [1863]

Summary

CD would be pleased to sit for a bust by Thomas Woolner for JDH, but he is too ill now.

Emma’s views on slavery and the Civil War.

Author:  Emma Wedgwood; Emma Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  26 Dec [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 214
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4359

Matches: 3 hits

  • … in the seaboard slave states ( Olmsted 1856 ), A journey through Texas ( Olmsted 1857 ), …
  • … kingdom ( Olmsted 1861 ). CD had read Olmsted 1856  and 1857 (see Correspondence vol.  4, …
  • … University Press. Olmsted, Frederick Law. 1856. A journey in the seaboard slave states, …

From Daniel Oliver   20 July 1863

Summary

Hildebrand’s paper is unsuitable for the Natural History Review.

Author:  Daniel Oliver
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 July 1863
Classmark:  DAR 173: 22
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4247

Matches: 3 hits

  • … of the Natural History Review. Schacht 1856–9 , 2: 373. See n.  7, below. Oliver was an …
  • … of London]. 1805–1939. Schacht, Hermann. 1856–9. Lehrbuch der Anatomie und Physiologie der …
  • … cited’ ( Chambers ). Oliver refers to Schacht 1856–9 , 2: 373. The passage translates: In …

To Journal of Horticulture and Cottage Gardener   [before 3 February 1863]

Summary

Answers D. Beaton’s criticism of Gärtner’s work, defending his results in crossing experiments and vindicating the memory of "one of the most laborious lovers of truth who ever lived".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Journal of Horticulture
Date:  [before 3 Feb 1863]
Classmark:  Journal of Horticulture and Cottage Gardener n.s. 4 (1863): 93
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3966

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 1855] , and Correspondence vol.  6, letter to M.  J.  Berkeley, 29 February [1856] ). …
  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …

To Alphonse de Candolle   14 January [1863]

Summary

Thanks AdeC for his memoir ["Étude sur l’espèce", Ann. Sci. Nat. (Bot.) 4th ser. 18 (1862): 59–110].

CD astonished at the amount of variability in the oaks.

CD differs from most contemporaries in thinking that the vast continental extensions of Forbes, Heer, and others are not only advanced without sufficient evidence but are opposed to much weighty evidence.

AdeC’s comment on CD’s work [Origin] is generous.

CD is satisfied at the length AdeC goes with him and is not surprised at his prudent reservations. He remembers how many years it took him to change his old beliefs. The great point is to give up immutability. So long as species are thought immutable there can be no progress in "epiontology" [see ML 1: 234 n.]. CD is sure to be proved wrong in many points but the subject will have "a grand future".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alphonse de Candolle
Date:  14 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3917

Matches: 3 hits

  • … with Hooker since 1846 and with Lyell since 1856 (see Correspondence vols.  3 and 6). …
  • … See especially Correspondence vol.  6, letters to Charles Lyell , 16 [June 1856] and …
  • … 25 June [1856] , and Origin , pp.  352–6. See also Correspondence vol.  10, letter to J.   …

From Friedrich Rolle   26 January 1863

Summary

Pleased that his book, Ch. Darwin’s Lehre [1863], has CD’s approval.

FR formerly a geologist, now a dealer in natural history objects.

Most active supporter of CD’s theory is Gustav Jäger in Vienna.

FR regards fossil Hipparion as a link between horse and pachyderms.

Author:  Friedrich Rolle
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  26 Jan 1863
Classmark:  DAR 176: 201
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3947

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Vols. 9,11] Quenstedt, Friedrich August. 1856. Sonst und jetzt. Populäre Vorträge über …
  • … s tutor at the University of Tübingen. In 1856, he published a popular book in which he …
  • … evolution and common descent (see Quenstedt 1856 , pp.  227–9). The references are to …

From H. E. Darwin to Thomas Warner   14 October [1863]

Summary

On behalf of her father, she asks that his name be put down for James Buckman’s testimonial. His cheque for £2.2.0 is enclosed.

Author:  Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Addressee:  Thomas Warner
Date:  14 Oct [1863]
Classmark:  Mrs Carole Cockett (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4320A

Matches: 2 hits

  • … notables. 2d edition, 1853. 3d edition, 1856. 4th edition, 1857. New edition, 1865. 7th …
  • … the City of Bristol. London: Kelly & Co. 1856–79. Sayce, Roger. 1992. The history of the …

To Charles Victor Naudin   7 February 1863

Summary

Thanks for informative letter of 2 February. CD is glad to have CVN’s opinion on the crossing of varieties of melons,

has made use of his memoir on the Cucurbitaceae ["Cucurbitacées cultivées au Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle en 1862", Ann. Sci. Nat. (Bot.) 18 (1863): 159–208]

and anticipates with great interest his work on hybridisation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Victor Naudin
Date:  7 Feb 1863
Classmark:  Progressus rei botanicæ 4 (1913): 94
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3972

Matches: 2 hits

  • … in Variation 2: 108. CD refers to Naudin 1856  and 1862. In discussing the variations of …
  • … experiments on the genus Cucurbita ( Naudin 1856 ). CD’s notes on Naudin’s article are in …

From John Lubbock   14 October 1863

Summary

Is working on a notice for the Natural History Review [n.s. 4 (1864): 37–43] of Huxley’s lectures to working men on the origin of species.

Author:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Oct 1863
Classmark:  DAR 170: 41
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4320

Matches: 1 hit

  • … papers and periodicals. London: C. Michell. 1856–1900. Origin : On the origin of species …

To George Gabriel Stokes   [12 February 1863?]

Summary

Thanks GGS for calculation [to determine the chances of the same peculiarity recurring in a family, see Variation 2: 5]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Gabriel Stokes, 1st baronet
Date:  [12 Feb 1863?]
Classmark:  Cambridge University Library Add 7656: D76
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4085

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …

To J. D. Hooker   5 March [1863]

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Summary

Ill health.

At work on Variation.

Reading JDH on Welwitschia.

Letter from Lyell defends his position on species.

Anger at Owen.

John Lubbock’s lectures.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  5 Mar [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 184
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4024

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 6, letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 9 November 1856 ). Instead, he preferred to account for the …
  • … 6, letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 4 August 1856 ). For CD and Hooker’s continuing dialogue on …

To Charles Turner   [1 April – 16 June 1863?]

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Summary

Asks correspondent whether, when growing hollyhocks, he finds it necessary to space out the different varieties to prevent crossing and thus to obtain true seed [see Variation 2: 108].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Turner
Date:  [1 Apr – 16 June 1863?]
Classmark:  DAR 96: 12
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3886

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …

From Booth Bacon   10 June 1863

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Summary

On CD’s application to pay up at once his shares in the Penarth Harbour Dock and Railway; directors’ policy is to receive payment on only 50% of shares allotted.

Author:  Booth Bacon
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  10 June 1863
Classmark:  DAR 160: 12
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4211

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Dock & Railway company was established in 1856 to construct a railway line in Wales from …

From Charles and Emma Darwin to William Erasmus Darwin   [4 May 1863]

Summary

Glad to hear of the plant; CD instructs WED to make further observations. If it is a good case he will insist on WED’s sending a communication to the Linnean Society.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin; Emma Wedgwood; Emma Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  [4 May 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 219.1: 55
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4139F

Matches: 1 hit

  • … where George had been a student since 1856 ( DNB ). It was subsequently decided that …

To Thomas Rivers   11 January [1863]

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Summary

Thanks for "rich and valuable" letter [missing].

Has read TR’s paper in Gardeners’ Chronicle ["Seedling fruits – plums", (1863): 27] – "a treasure to me".

Questions about seedling peaches that approach almonds.

Asks whether TR has ever observed varieties of plants growing close to other varieties for several generations without being affected by crossing.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Rivers
Date:  11 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 185: 82
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3910

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …

From J. D. Hooker   [24 May 1863]

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Summary

Flora of Cameroons shakes JDH’s faith in ability to explain past or present migrations. Sees need for a major novel explanation such as natural selection, glacial cold, or continental connections.

Lyell in a bad way about feud with Falconer.

JDH’s opinion of Wallace, Bates, J. E. Gray, Owen, Asa Gray, Lubbock, and Bentham.

Bentham’s Linnean Society address [see 4118].

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [24 May 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 101: 143–6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4169

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 6, letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 4 August 1856 , Correspondence vol.  9, letter to J.  D.   …
  • … correspondence columns of The Times in 1856 (see Wade ed.  1983, pp.  2, 171–83). Wallace  …

To Francis Trevelyan Buckland   26 January [1863]

Summary

Asks FB’s help in identifying an article in The Field about the fins of fishes growing again after being cut off, and inquiring whether he has heard of the re-growth of organs in the mammalia or birds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Trevelyan (Frank) Buckland
Date:  26 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  Christie’s, London (dealers) (23 June 1993, lot 146)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3948F

Matches: 1 hit

  • … geologist William Buckland , died in 1856 ( DNB ). The reference has not been identified. …

To W. D. Fox   9 March [1863]

Summary

Has quoted WDF on crossing white and slate muscovy ducks [Variation 2: 40]. When not crossed, do these breed true?

Will also quote him on Mr Woodd’s white ewes that produced black lambs by a ram with only black spots [Variation 2: 30].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  9 Mar [1863]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 138)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4033

Matches: 1 hit

  • … 6, letter to W.  D.  Fox, 3 January [1856] , in which CD thanked Fox for ‘particulars on …

From W. E. Darwin   21 August [1863]

Summary

Has signed and forwarded some orders.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 Aug [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 162: 95
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4271

Matches: 1 hit

  • … notables. 2d edition, 1853. 3d edition, 1856. 4th edition, 1857. New edition, 1865. 7th …

From Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox   [29 September 1863]

Summary

Thanks to WDF’s directions, Anne’s tombstone has been found.

CD improved, but recovery is slow. She describes treatment.

Encloses paper she and CD have written [see 4294, which was wrongly addressed by ED and had not reached WDF].

Author:  Emma Wedgwood; Emma Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  [29 Sept 1863]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (Fox 141)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4312

Matches: 1 hit

  • … s request, Fox, who visited the grave in 1856 and 1859, had sent specific directions for …

To Daniel Oliver   24–5 March [1863]

Summary

Observation on morphology of Primula ovarium sent for DO’s use.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Daniel Oliver
Date:  24–5 Mar [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 261.10: 42 (EH 88206025)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4059

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
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Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … On 14 May 1856, Charles Darwin recorded in his journal that he ‘Began by Lyell’s …
  • … Charles Lyell and Joseph Dalton Hooker, who were joined in 1856 by Hooker’s friend the American …
  • … only source of information about his preoccupations during 1856 and 1857. They reveal little noticed …
  • … might work in nature ( letter from Charles Lyell, 1–2 May 1856, n. 10 ). He was surprised that no …
  • … remarked to Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 September [1856] ). I mean to make my …
  • … on plants. Expanding projects set up during 1855 and 1856 (see  Correspondence  vol. 5), he tried …
  • … first two chapters of his species book, completed by October 1856 (‘Journal’; Appendix II). …
  • … Gray, vary in the United States ( letter to Asa Gray, 2 May 1856 )? What about weeds? Did they …
  • … hermaphrodite’ ( letter to to T. H. Huxley, 1 July [1856] ), which became a source of amusement in …
  • … that Asa Gray and Hooker confirmed during the course of 1856. Science at home: the botanical …
  • … many different experiments on plants through the summers of 1856 and 1857, particularly with garden …
  • … have grown well.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 10 December [1856] ). His faith in his ideas …
  • … trees (see letters to William Erasmus Darwin, [26 February 1856] and to Charles Lyell, 3 May …
  • … Waring Darwin, the sixth and last, was born on 6 December 1856) was a constant worry, particularly …
  • … in New South Wales ( letter to Syms Covington, 9 March 1856 ). Many other topics, …
  • … the geological phenomenon of cleavage, still unresolved in 1856, with John Phillips and entered into …
  • … visited the Darwins at Down House for several days in April 1856, and Darwin took this opportunity …
  • … made in a letter written by Lyell from London on 1–2 May 1856. Darwin took the suggestion seriously …
  • … him to write up his views ( letters to J. D. Hooker, 9 May [1856] ). Darwin had also …
  • … At a second weekend party held at Down on 26 and 27 April 1856, he had discussed the question of …
  • … doctrine.’ ( letter from Charles Lyell, 1–2 May 1856, n. 7 ). The excitement and intellectual …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … were built to the area (Darwin to J. D. Hooker,  8 April [1856] ). This meant that most of the …
  • … family duties (Darwin to W. B. Tegetmeier,  19 November [1856] ) made him unable to travel to many …
  • … his son William,  [30 October 1858] ). In one letter in 1856, he explained his paternal feelings …
  • … in this world.’ (Darwin to Syms Covington,  9 March 1856 ) In the late nineteenth century, …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 21 JULY 1855 14  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 14 JULY 1856 15  A GRAY TO C DARWIN …
  • … 1855 23  JD HOOKER TO C DARWIN, 9 NOVEMBER 1856 24  C DARWIN TO JD …

Origin

Summary

Darwin’s most famous work, Origin, had an inauspicious beginning. It grew out of his wish to establish priority for the species theory he had spent over twenty years researching. Darwin never intended to write Origin, and had resisted suggestions in 1856…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … to write Origin, and had resisted suggestions in 1856 that he publish a short version of his …
  • … in persuading Darwin not to publish an abstract in 1856 , Darwin explained to whole affair to him …

Six things Darwin never said – and one he did

Summary

Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly attributed to Darwin that never flowed from his pen.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly …

Dates of composition of Darwin's manuscript on species

Summary

Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s manuscript on species (DAR 8--15.1, inclusive; transcribed and published as Natural selection). This manuscript, begun in May 1856, was nearly completed by…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s …
  • … as Natural selection ). This manuscript, begun in May 1856, was nearly completed by June 1858. At …
  • … 2 13 October 1856 [Variation under domestication] [2] …
  • … 11 13 October 1856 Geographical distribution (DAR 14; …
  • … 3 16 December 1856 On the possibility of all organic …

Descent

Summary

There are more than five hundred letters associated with the research and writing of Darwin’s book, Descent of man and selection in relation to sex (Descent). They trace not only the tortuous route to eventual publication, but the development of Darwin’s…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … research notes, including letters going back to at least 1856 . Among them were accounts of …

Species and varieties

Summary

On the origin of species by means of natural selection …so begins the title of Darwin’s most famous book, and the reader would rightly assume that such a thing as ‘species’ must therefore exist and be subject to description. But the title continues, …or…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … undefinable’ ( letter to  J. D. Hooker, 24 December [1856] ). The idea that sterility was a test …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 27 hits

  • … [DAR *128: 160] Mansfield’s Paraguay [Mansfield 1856] } read Chesterton Prison Life …
  • … Hutchison Dog Breaking 3 d . Edit [Hutchinson 1856] new information on Pointer & Retriever …
  • … Annal des Sc. Nat. 4 th  Series. Bot. Vol 6 [Naudin 1856]. Read Notes to Jardine & …
  • … 1855 Sept. Tegetmeier on Poultry [Tegetmeier 1856–7] —— 27 th . Mem. de l’Acad. …
  • … Das Ganze der Landwirttschaft [Kirchhof 1835].— 1856. Jan 10 th  G. Colin Traite de …
  • … [Rudolphi 1812] [DAR 128: 16] 1856 Jan 21. Huc’s Chinese Empire [Huc …
  • … Mar 1 Veith Naturgeschichte Haussaugethiere [Veith 1856].— 3 d  Knox Races of Man.— 1850 [R …
  • … 1741–55] d[itt]o [DAR 128: 17] 1856 . Jan 28. Watt’s Life by Muirhead …
  • … [Pepys 1848–9]— April 21 Sandwitt Kars [Sandwith 1856]. [DAR 128: 18] March …
  • … 1851–6] —— Wollaston on Variation [Wollaston 1856] F. Smith on Apidæ [F. Smith 1855] …
  • … 1835 [H. C. Watson 1835] [DAR 128: 20] 1856 June 26. Davis J. Barnard. …
  • … 1855] —— 19 Von Tschudi Alpine life [Tschudi 1856] 30. Brehm Handbuch Vogel …
  • … 1857 Nov. 15. Andersson Lake Gnami [Andersson 1856] —— 26 Slightly skimmed Forbes …
  • … 1765] Oct. 23. Tracings of Iceland Chambers [Chambers 1856]. —— Mansfield Travels in …
  • … 2 vols July D r . Kane’s Arctic Voyage [Kane 1856] Sept. 12. Ch. Napiers Life …
  • … rubbish yet amusing Nov. 15. Tender & True [Spence] 1856]: H. Coverdale [Smedley [1854–6] …
  • … Travels I ever read) Sept. Froude Henry VIII [Froude 1856]. 4 vols very interesting. …
  • … —— 16 Zoologist [ Zoologist ]. up Vol. 14. 1856 May 9 th  Voyage au Pol. Sud. Consid. Gen …
  • … 1859 Feb. 28 Olmstead S. States [Olmsted 1856] (excellent) March 21. Mill on Liberty …
  • … The revised edition of Johnston’s  Physical atlas  (1856) included ‘Map of the distribution of …
  • … 113  The  Cottage Gardener  ceased publication in 1856. 114  CD marked this entry …
  • … vols. London.  119: 14a Andersson, Carl Johan. 1856.  Lake Ngami; or, explorations and   …
  • … [Darwin Library.]  119: 20a; *128: 173 ——. 1856.  Tracings of Iceland and the Faröe …
  • … [Other eds.]  119: 9a Chesterton, George Laval. 1856.  Revelations of prison life;   …
  • … 128: 5 Davis, Joseph Barnard and Thurnam, John. 1856–65.  Crania   Britannica. …
  • … Three visits to Madagascar during   the years 1853, 1854, 1856 . London.  128: 24 …
  • … . Lundæ.  *119: 5v. Froude, James Anthony. 1856.  History of England from the   fall of …

Before Origin: the ‘big book’

Summary

Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … naturalist Edward Forbes. Darwin declared to Hooker in July 1856 ‘y ou continental extensionists …
  • … of his old friend, the geologist Charles Lyell, who, in May 1856, twenty months after Darwin had …
  • … urgency to publish and, following Lyell’s advice in May 1856, began to write a sketch his theory. ‘I …
  • … without full details. ’ Writing to his cousin Fox in June 1856, Darwin openly confessed his fears …
  • … work ’ he had ‘desisted’. By November 1856, he had both good and bad news to report to Lyell: ‘ …
  • … press. Although Darwin had decided in the autumn of 1856 to write only from the materials he …
  • … wrote ten and a half chapters of his Big Book between May 1856 and June 1858. With a total of …
  • … length ’, he had complained to Hooker in December 1856. By mid-1858, only the first chapter on …
  • … being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858 (Cambridge University …

Thomas Henry Huxley

Summary

Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a leading Victorian zoologist, science popularizer, and education reformer. He was born in Ealing, a small village west of London, in 1825. With only two years of…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Owen, and Louis Agassiz (see letters to J. D. Hooker, 9 May 1856 and 21 May 1856). But he considered …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 1836  - Berkeley, M. J. to Darwin, [7 March 1856] Clergyman and botanist …
  • … Letter 1836  - Berkeley, M. J. to Darwin, [7 March 1856] Clergyman and botanist Miles …

4.16 Joseph Simms, physiognomy

Summary

< Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a three-year lecture tour of Britain, sent Darwin a copy of his book, Nature’s Revelations of Character; Or, Physiognomy Illustrated. He was seeking a public…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of the human form’, Quarterly Review , 99:198 (Sept. 1856), pp. 452-491. Joseph Simms, Nature’s …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … to me’ ( letter to E. W. V. Harcourt, 24 June [1856] ). In a follow-up letter, Darwin hinted at …

Hermann Müller

Summary

Hermann (Heinrich Ludwig Hermann) Müller, was born in Mühlberg near Erfurt in 1829. He was the younger brother of Fritz Müller (1822–97). Following the completion of his secondary education at Erfurt in 1848, he studied natural sciences at Halle and Berlin…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … it was the subject of his first scientific paper (Müller 1856). In the autumn of 1855, Müller …

Scientific Networks

Summary

Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Letter 1979 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, 27 Oct [1856] Darwin provides detailed …

Correlation of growth: deaf blue-eyed cats, pigs, and poison

Summary

As he was first developing his ideas, among the potential problems Darwin recognised with natural selection was how to account for developmental change that conferred no apparent advantage.  He proposed a ‘mysterious law’ of ‘correlation of growth’ where…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … to write up a ‘preliminary essay’ on his views in 1856, he went back to Fox to check his facts, …
  • … the African explorer and army surgeon William Daniell in 1856 was probably in reply to such a …

Tenth child born

Summary

The Darwins' tenth and last child, Charles Waring Darwin, is born

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The Darwins' tenth and last child, Charles Waring Darwin, is born …

The writing of "Origin"

Summary

From a quiet rural existence at Down in Kent, filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on the transmutation of species, Darwin was jolted into action in 1858 by the arrival of an unexpected letter (no longer extant) from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a…

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  • … work preparing his ‘big book’ on species. Begun in May 1856 at the urging of Lyell, the manuscript …

Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?

Summary

'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . .  What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…

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  • … `big book’,  Natural selection , begun in 1856.  Coming hard on the heels of  The descent of man …
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