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Darwin Correspondence Project

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To Thomas Henry Huxley 2 April [1856]

Summary

Invitation to THH and wife to come to Down to meet H. C. Watson, T. V. Wollaston, and the Hookers.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:	2 Apr [1856]
Classmark:	Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 46)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1847

Matches: 7 hits

… To Thomas Henry Huxley 2 April [1856] …
… Archives (Huxley 5: 46) Charles Robert Darwin Down 2 Apr [1856] Thomas Henry Huxley …
… On Physiology and Comparative Anatomy’, was advertised for 22 April 1856 ( Medical Times & …
… Gazette 12 (1856): 404). CD was subsequently invited to attend the lecture (see letter …
… to T. H. Huxley, 9 April [1856] ). …
… wife Frances arrived at Down on 22 April 1856. Thomas Vernon Wollaston came on 25 April …
… of lectures on physiology and comparative anatomy in 1856 (L. Huxley ed. 1900, 1: 138). …

To Edward Cresy 26 [December 1843 – April 1846 or September 1855 – October 1860?]

Summary

Says Hooker does not want plant.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Edward Cresy, Jr
Date:	26 [Dec 1843 - Apr 1846 or Sept 1855 - Oct 1860]
Classmark:	DAR 143: 311
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-13787

Matches: 12 hits

… 26 Mar 1846 26 Apr 1846 26 Sept 1855 26 Oct 1855 26 Nov 1855 26 Dec 1855 26 Jan 1856 26 …
… Feb 1856 26 …
… Mar 1856 26 …
… Apr 1856 26 …
… May 1856 26 …
… June 1856 26 …
… July 1856 26 …
… Aug 1856 26 …
… Sept 1856 26 …
… Oct 1856 26 …
… Nov 1856 26 …
… Dec 1856 26 Jan 1857 26 Feb 1857 26 Mar 1857 26 Apr 1857 26 May 1857 26 June 1857 26 July …

To T. H. Huxley 9 April [1856]

Summary

Arrangements for visit of Huxleys to Down on 26 Apr.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:	9 Apr [1856]
Classmark:	Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 33)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1852

Matches: 6 hits

… To T. H. Huxley 9 April [1856] …
… Archives (Huxley 5: 33) Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Apr [1856] Thomas Henry Huxley …
… Dated by the relationship to the letter to T. H. Huxley, 2 April [1856] and the letter to …
… Joseph Dalton Hooker, 8 April [1856] . See letter to T. …
… H. Huxley, 2 April [1856] , n. 2, for the members of the party staying at Down House. …
… joined them for dinner on 26 April. See letter to T. H. Huxley, 2 April [1856] , n. 3. …

To Thomas Davidson 23 December [1856]

Summary

Asks TD about variation among brachiopods.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Thomas Davidson
Date:	23 Dec [1856]
Classmark:	American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.142)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-2021

Matches: 7 hits

… To Thomas Davidson 23 December [1856] …
… Society (Mss.B.D25.142) Charles Robert Darwin Down 23 Dec [1856] Thomas Davidson …
… of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
… See letter from Thomas Davidson, 29 December 1856 . In Natural selection , p. 106, CD …
… Prof. E. Forbes & from Mr. Woodward. ’ See letters from S. P. Woodward, 2 May 1856 and …
… 15 July 1856 . …
… letter from Thomas Davidson, 29 December 1856 . Davidson was a fellow of the Geological …

To Charles Lyell 16 [June 1856]

Summary

Condemns theory of Edward Forbes and others that many islands were formerly connected to South America by now submerged continents.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:	16 [June 1856]
Classmark:	American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.131)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1902

Matches: 6 hits

… To Charles Lyell 16 [June 1856] …
… Mss.B.D25.131) Charles Robert Darwin Down 16 [June 1856] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
… of great antiquity in letter to S. P. Woodward, 27 May 1856 . See also letter from S. …
… P. Woodward, 4 June 1856 . Webb and Berthelot 1836–50; …
… Heer 1855 (see letter from Charles Lyell, 1–2 May 1856 ); and Maury 1855a . …
… see letter from Charles Lyell, 17 June 1856 ). E. Forbes 1846 , pp. 348–50, 382–3, and …

To E. W. V. Harcourt 12 June [1856]

Summary

Would like to compare the length of the wings of non-migratory and migratory swallows.

Wonders if EWVH could show him skins of Columba livia.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Edward William Vernon Harcourt
Date:	12 June [1856]
Classmark:	Bodleian Libraries, Oxford (MS. Harcourt dep. adds. 346, fols. 252–4)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1900F

Matches: 9 hits

… To E. W. V. Harcourt 12 June [1856] …
… 346, fols. 252–4) Charles Robert Darwin Down 12 June [1856] Edward William Vernon Harcourt …
… ser. 15: 430–8. Wollaston, Thomas Vernon. 1856. On the variation of species with especial …
… Harcourt’s reply to CD’s letter of 1 June [1856] (this volume, Supplement) has not been …
… vol. 6, letter from E. W. V. Harcourt, 31 May 1856 . CD had recently read Thomas Vernon …
… especial reference to the Insecta ( Wollaston 1856 ; see Correspondence vol. 6, letter to …
… T. V. Wollaston, 6 June [1856] ). Wollaston had discussed …
… of isolation on islands ( Wollaston 1856 , pp. 70–88); he concluded that isolation, after …
… DAR 71: 87–8. John Gould . See Wollaston 1856 , p. 102. CD’s letter to Nathaniel Haslope …

To J. D. Dana 29 September [1856]

Summary

Thanks JDD for replies to queries [in 1925]; would like to know whether teeth of cave rat are of New or Old World type.

Wishes Louis Agassiz would publish his theory of parallels of geological and embryological development. "I wish to believe but have not seen nearly enough as yet to make me a disciple."

Is working hard on variations and origin of species, but fears it will be a couple of years before he publishes.

Describes his recent work on rabbits and pigeons.

The dispersal of land Mollusca is a most difficult problem.

Confesses he is sceptical of immutability of species; discusses difficulty of proving it.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	James Dwight Dana
Date:	29 Sept [1856]
Classmark:	Yale University Library: Manuscripts and Archives (Dana Family Papers (MS 164) Series 1, Box 2, folder 44)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1964

Matches: 9 hits

… To J. D. Dana 29 September [1856] …
… Buchanan was elected. See letter to J. A. H. de Bosquet, 9 September [1856] and n. 3. …
… Series 1, Box 2, folder 44) Charles Robert Darwin Down 29 Sept [1856] James Dwight Dana …
… of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
… by the relationship to the letter from J. D. Dana, 8 September 1856 . Letter from J. …
… D. Dana, 8 September 1856 . In the manuscript of his species book, CD stated that Dana …
… p. 556). In his letter of 8 September 1856 Dana expressed doubt whether it was possible …
… his scientific journals (Wilson ed. 1970). The 1856 presidential elections of the United …
… See also letter to P. H. Gosse, 28 September 1856 . [Chambers] 1844 . Lyell’s prolonged …

To W. B. Tegetmeier 11 May [1856]

Summary

Thanks WBT for help with pigeons and poultry.

Will probably be away at the time of Anerley show.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:	11 May [1856]
Classmark:	Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1873

Matches: 8 hits

… To W. B. Tegetmeier 11 May [1856] …
… Cox Collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 May [1856] William Bernhard Tegetmeier …
… nn. 3 and 4, below). See letter to W. B. Tegetmeier, 25 April [1856] . The poultry and …
… pigeon show held from 29 July to 1 August 1856 at Anerley Gardens, near the Crystal Palace …
… to W. D. Fox, 31 July [1855] ). The 1856 show was the last one held because it failed to …
… health (see letter to W. D. Fox, 8 June [1856] ), so CD was able to attend the Anerley …
… see letter to W. B. Tegetmeier, 14 August [1856] ). Possibly a reference to the fact that …
… the Anerley show ( Cottage Gardener 16 (1856): 339). No specific use of CD’s name has been …

To J. D. Hooker 11–12 November [1856]

Summary

CD relieved by JDH’s positive response to his MS.

CD continues observations on means of transport.

JDH’s Raoul Island paper [J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot.) 22 (1857): 133–41], showing continuity of vegetation with New Zealand, best evidence yet of continental extension.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:	11–12 Nov [1856]
Classmark:	DAR 114: 181
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1986

Matches: 8 hits

… To J. D. Hooker 11–12 November [1856] …
… DAR 114: 181 Charles Robert Darwin Down 11–12 Nov [1856] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
… by the relationship to the letter from J. D. Hooker, 9 November 1856 . Letter from J. …
… D. Hooker, 9 November 1856 . See letter from J. …
… D. Hooker, 9 November 1856 , in which Hooker invited CD to dinner on Wednesday, 12 …
… letter to George Howard Darwin and W. E. Darwin, 13 [November 1856] ). See letter to J. …
… D. Hooker, [19 October 1856] and n. 2. …
… CD recorded this case on 19 October 1856 in his Experimental book, p. 15 (DAR 157a). …

To W. D. Fox 8 [June 1856]

Summary

The responses to his queries on domestic variations are coming in from all over; believes he will make an interesting collection. At present concerned with rabbits and ducks.

Has told Lyell of his views on species and CL urges CD to publish a preliminary essay. Has begun to work on it, with fear and trembling at its inadequacies.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	William Darwin Fox
Date:	8 [June 1856]
Classmark:	University of British Columbia Library, Rare Books and Special Collections (Pearce/Darwin Fox collection RBSC-ARC-1721-1-10)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1895

Matches: 11 hits

… To W. D. Fox 8 [June 1856] …
… collection RBSC-ARC-1721-1-10) Charles Robert Darwin Down 8 [June 1856] William Darwin Fox …
… CD’s letter to W. D. Fox, 4 June [1856] , was forwarded to Fox at Harrogate, where he had …
… on the back of CD’s letter of 4 June [1856] (see n. 1, above), Ellen Sophia Fox mentioned …
… to Brooke has not been found, but see the letter to Edgar Leopold Layard, 8 June [1856] . …
… expecting their tenth child, born December 1856. CD and Emma did not go to Tenby in July …
… letter to W. B. Tegetmeier, 29 November [1856] . Perhaps from S. Erhardt, who provided …
… 1: 276–7. Charles Lyell and his wife had visited Down from 13 to 16 April 1856. See …
… letter from Charles Lyell, 1–2 May 1856 , and letter to …
… Charles Lyell, 3 May [1856] . The manuscript of the …
… of CD’s species book, composed in 1856 and dealing with ‘Variation under domestication’, …

To Laurence Edmondston 11 September [1856]

Summary

Requests observations on pigeons.

Knew LE’s son [Thomas] and deplores his fate [accidental death in 1846].

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Laurence Edmondston
Date:	11 Sept [1856]
Classmark:	L. D. Edmondston (private collection)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1954

Matches: 7 hits

… To Laurence Edmondston 11 September [1856] …
… private collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 Sept [1856] Laurence Edmondston …
… letter from T. V. Wollaston, [February 1856] ). Thomas Edmondston was accidentally shot …
… Dated by the relationship to the letter to Laurence Edmondston, 3 May [1856] . See …
… letter to Laurence Edmondston, 3 May [1856] , n. 5. …
… See letter to Laurence Edmondston, 3 May [1856] and n. 3. See letter …
… to J. D. Hooker, 8 September [1856] . Measurements of a wild rabbit from the Shetland …

To W. B. Tegetmeier 20 March [1856]

Summary

Discusses various pigeons and would welcome receiving any odd breed. Some pigeons have died from overeating bag salt.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:	20 Mar [1856]
Classmark:	Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1844

Matches: 10 hits

… To W. B. Tegetmeier 20 March [1856] …
… Cox Collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 20 Mar [1856] William Bernhard Tegetmeier …
… letter to W. B. Tegetmeier, 15 March [1856] . Notes recording the results of CD’s crosses …
… my list of friends’ ( Cottage Gardener 16 (1856): 73–4). Tegetmeier concluded that ‘it is …
… vols. Berlin. Tegetmeier, William Bernhard. 1856. On the remarkable peculiarities existing …
… s Account book (Down House MS) for 10 March 1856 that reads: ‘Townsend: Skeletons’. There …
… work for Tegetmeier’s Poultry book (Tegetmeier ed. 1856– 7), the first number of which …
… was issued in May, or to Tegetmeier 1856 (see n. 8, below). Pallas 1767–80 , pt 4, pp. …
… of this breed at a meeting of the Zoological Society of London on 25 November 1856. …
… In the written report ( Tegetmeier 1856 ) he mentioned Pyotr Simon Pallas’s earlier …

To J. S. Henslow 22 January [1856]

Summary

Alphonse de Candolle’s Géographie botanique [raisonnée (1855)] strikes him as a wonderful, admirable work.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	John Stevens Henslow
Date:	22 Jan [1856]
Classmark:	DAR 93: A108–A109
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1823

Matches: 6 hits

… To J. S. Henslow 22 January [1856] …
… DAR 93: A108–A109 Charles Robert Darwin Down 22 Jan [1856] John Stevens Henslow …
… Experimental book (DAR 157a) on 22 January 1856, CD recorded sowing Henslow’s seeds. The …
… results were recorded in May and June (see letter to J. S. Henslow, 16 June [1856] ). …
… letter to J. S. Henslow, 3 January [1856] . George Tollet of Betley Hall, Staffordshire, …
… Henslow, née Stevens, had died on 15 January 1856 at the age of 80. Susannah Darwin had …

To J. D. Hooker 1 June [1856]

Summary

CD (and Emma) had a good laugh over JDH’s mortified response to a misinterpretation (in print) concerning his position on multiple creation.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:	1 June [1856]
Classmark:	DAR 114: 164
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1885

Matches: 8 hits

… To J. D. Hooker 1 June [1856] …
… DAR 114: 164 Charles Robert Darwin Down 1 June [1856] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
… in Hooker’s Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany in seven parts in 1856 ([J. …
… D. Hooker] 1856). An annotated copy is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. …
… from M. Adolphe Brongniart. Journal of the Royal Dublin Society 1 (1856–7): 313–25. …
… Griffith 1857 ). Daniel Sharpe died on 31 May 1856 following a riding accident, only a few …
… Society. CD had gone to London on 29 May 1856 ( Emma Darwin’s diary) and attended a …
… four localities in London ( Annual Register (1856), Chronicle, p. 116) The final display …

To E. W. V. Harcourt 23 August [1856]

Summary

Has received [C. L.?] Brehm’s work [unspecified]. Will return it in two or three weeks.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Edward William Vernon Harcourt
Date:	23 Aug [1856]
Classmark:	Wellcome Collection
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-4598

Matches: 4 hits

… To E. W. V. Harcourt 23 August [1856] …
… Collection Charles Robert Darwin Down 23 Aug [1856] Edward William Vernon Harcourt …
… letter to E. W. V. Harcourt, 19 August [1856] . CD had asked to borrow Brehm 1831 in his …
… letter to E. W. V. Harcourt, 19 August [1856] . …

To J. D. Hooker 19 July [1856]

Summary

Multiple creations.

Necessity for crossing in plants and animals: JDH to take up the subject; explains separate sexes in trees.

Continental extensions.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:	19 July [1856]
Classmark:	DAR 114: 171
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1932

Matches: 8 hits

… To J. D. Hooker 19 July [1856] …
… DAR 114: 171 Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 July [1856] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
… See letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 July [1856] . Hooker was an examiner in botany for the …
… of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
… the letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 July [1856] . CD had asked Hooker to read the manuscript …
… on species ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 July [1856] ). Hooker’s reply has not been found. …
… was discussed in the letter from J. D. Hooker, 10 July 1856 , and the letter to J. …
… D. Hooker, 13 July [1856] . Alphonse de Candolle discussed the need to establish the …

To J. D. Hooker [19 October 1856]

Summary

CD sorry he had to leave the Hookers abruptly to catch his train.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:	[19 Oct 1856]
Classmark:	DAR 114: 179
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1977

Matches: 5 hits

… To J. D. Hooker [19 October 1856] …
… DAR 114: 179 Charles Robert Darwin Down [19 Oct 1856] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
… with seed: planted these seeds on 19 th . — See letter to T. C. Eyton, 5 October [1856] . …
… see letter to J. D. Hooker, 9 October [1856] ). The experiment, which was carried out in …
… book, p. 15 (DAR 157a) on19 October 1856: Killed some sparrow *on 14 th [ interl ], one …

To Henry Tibbats Stainton 13 April [1856]

Summary

Thanks HTS for Entomologist’s Weekly Intelligencer [no. 2, 12 Apr 1856]. Agrees with his remarks [in "Why did Mr Westwood get the Royal Medal?"], but explains that a change in rules for awarding the Royal Medal has been made. Earlier it had to be given for publications in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, which explains small number of entomologist recipients.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Henry Tibbats Stainton
Date:	13 Apr [1856]
Classmark:	Natural History Museum, Library and Archives (General Special Collections MSS DAR 16)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1853

Matches: 8 hits

… To Henry Tibbats Stainton 13 April [1856] …
… Collections MSS DAR 16) Charles Robert Darwin Down 13 Apr [1856] Henry Tibbats Stainton …
… s Weekly Intelligencer [no. 2, 12 Apr 1856]. Agrees with his remarks [in "Why did Mr …
… pt 1, pp. 169–242. [Stainton, Henry Tibbats]. 1856. Why did Mr Westwood get the Royal …
… which began publication on 5 April 1856. Stainton was the founder and editor of the …
… the Entomologist’s Weekly Intelligencer (12 April 1856) opened with an unsigned editorial, …
… s Weekly Intelligencer , 12 April 1856, pp. 9–10. Westwood, John Obadiah. 1839–40. An …
… more prominent than formerly’ ( [Stainton] 1856 , p. 9–10). George Newport was awarded …

To Samuel Birch 6 February [1856]

Summary

Is grateful for SB’s note and assistance. Will call upon him in London in a fortnight.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Samuel Birch
Date:	6 Feb [1856]
Classmark:	British Museum (Department of the Middle East, correspondence 1826–67: 1492)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1829A

Matches: 5 hits

… To Samuel Birch 6 February [1856] …
… East, correspondence 1826–67: 1492) Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 Feb [1856] Samuel Birch …
… to the letter to J. E. Gray, 14 January [1856] . CD had asked Birch, through John Edward …
… animals and cultivated plants (see letter to J. E. Gray, 14 January [1856] ). See …
… letter to Samuel Birch, [12 March 1856] . …

To Samuel Birch 8 April [1856]

Summary

His thanks for the extracts sent by SB.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Samuel Birch
Date:	8 Apr [1856]
Classmark:	British Museum (Department of the Middle East, correspondence 1826–67: 1494)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-1851A

Matches: 5 hits

… To Samuel Birch 8 April [1856] …
… East, correspondence 1826–67: 1494) Charles Robert Darwin Down 8 Apr [1856] Samuel Birch …
… is suggested by the relationship to the letters to Samuel Birch , 6 February [1856] and [ …
… 12 March 1856] ( Correspondence vol. 6). CD visited …
… of the British Museum , on14 March 1856. CD cited Birch’s translations of passages from an …

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1856 in keywords

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Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 21 hits

… On 14 May 1856, Charles Darwin recorded in his journal that he ‘Began by Lyell’s …
… Charles Lyell and Joseph Dalton Hooker, who were joined in 1856 by Hooker’s friend the American …
… only source of information about his preoccupations during 1856 and 1857. They reveal little noticed …
… might work in nature ( letter from Charles Lyell, 1–2 May 1856, n. 10 ). He was surprised that no …
… remarked to Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 September [1856] ). I mean to make my …
… on plants. Expanding projects set up during 1855 and 1856 (see Correspondence vol. 5), he tried …
… first two chapters of his species book, completed by October 1856 (‘Journal’; Appendix II). …
… Gray, vary in the United States ( letter to Asa Gray, 2 May 1856 )? What about weeds? Did they …
… hermaphrodite’ ( letter to to T. H. Huxley, 1 July [1856] ), which became a source of amusement in …
… that Asa Gray and Hooker confirmed during the course of 1856. Science at home: the botanical …
… many different experiments on plants through the summers of 1856 and 1857, particularly with garden …
… have grown well.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 10 December [1856] ). His faith in his ideas …
… trees (see letters to William Erasmus Darwin, [26 February 1856] and to Charles Lyell, 3 May …
… Waring Darwin, the sixth and last, was born on 6 December 1856) was a constant worry, particularly …
… in New South Wales ( letter to Syms Covington, 9 March 1856 ). Many other topics, …
… the geological phenomenon of cleavage, still unresolved in 1856, with John Phillips and entered into …
… visited the Darwins at Down House for several days in April 1856, and Darwin took this opportunity …
… made in a letter written by Lyell from London on 1–2 May 1856. Darwin took the suggestion seriously …
… him to write up his views ( letters to J. D. Hooker, 9 May [1856] ). Darwin had also …
… At a second weekend party held at Down on 26 and 27 April 1856, he had discussed the question of …
… doctrine.’ ( letter from Charles Lyell, 1–2 May 1856, n. 7 ). The excitement and intellectual …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 4 hits

… were built to the area (Darwin to J. D. Hooker, 8 April [1856] ). This meant that most of the …
… family duties (Darwin to W. B. Tegetmeier, 19 November [1856] ) made him unable to travel to many …
… his son William, [30 October 1858] ). In one letter in 1856, he explained his paternal feelings …
… in this world.’ (Darwin to Syms Covington, 9 March 1856 ) In the late nineteenth century, …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 2 hits

… 21 JULY 1855 14 C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 14 JULY 1856 15 A GRAY TO C DARWIN …
… 1855 23 JD HOOKER TO C DARWIN, 9 NOVEMBER 1856 24 C DARWIN TO JD …

Origin

Summary

Darwin’s most famous work, Origin, had an inauspicious beginning. It grew out of his wish to establish priority for the species theory he had spent over twenty years researching. Darwin never intended to write Origin, and had resisted suggestions in 1856…

Matches: 2 hits

… to write Origin, and had resisted suggestions in 1856 that he publish a short version of his …
… in persuading Darwin not to publish an abstract in 1856 , Darwin explained to whole affair to him …

Six things Darwin never said – and one he did

Summary

Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly attributed to Darwin that never flowed from his pen.

Matches: 1 hits

… Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly …

Dates of composition of Darwin's manuscript on species

Summary

Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s manuscript on species (DAR 8--15.1, inclusive; transcribed and published as Natural selection). This manuscript, begun in May 1856, was nearly completed by…

Matches: 5 hits

… Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s …
… as Natural selection ). This manuscript, begun in May 1856, was nearly completed by June 1858. At …
… 2 13 October 1856 [Variation under domestication] [2] …
… 11 13 October 1856 Geographical distribution (DAR 14; …
… 3 16 December 1856 On the possibility of all organic …

Descent

Summary

There are more than five hundred letters associated with the research and writing of Darwin’s book, Descent of man and selection in relation to sex (Descent). They trace not only the tortuous route to eventual publication, but the development of Darwin’s…

Matches: 1 hits

… research notes, including letters going back to at least 1856 . Among them were accounts of …

Species and varieties

Summary

On the origin of species by means of natural selection …so begins the title of Darwin’s most famous book, and the reader would rightly assume that such a thing as ‘species’ must therefore exist and be subject to description. But the title continues, …or…

Matches: 1 hits

… undefinable’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 24 December [1856] ). The idea that sterility was a test …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 27 hits

… [DAR *128: 160] Mansfield’s Paraguay [Mansfield 1856] } read Chesterton Prison Life …
… Hutchison Dog Breaking 3 d . Edit [Hutchinson 1856] new information on Pointer & Retriever …
… Annal des Sc. Nat. 4 th Series. Bot. Vol 6 [Naudin 1856]. Read Notes to Jardine & …
… 1855 Sept. Tegetmeier on Poultry [Tegetmeier 1856–7] —— 27 th . Mem. de l’Acad. …
… Das Ganze der Landwirttschaft [Kirchhof 1835].— 1856. Jan 10 th G. Colin Traite de …
… [Rudolphi 1812] [DAR 128: 16] 1856 Jan 21. Huc’s Chinese Empire [Huc …
… Mar 1 Veith Naturgeschichte Haussaugethiere [Veith 1856].— 3 d Knox Races of Man.— 1850 [R …
… 1741–55] d[itt]o [DAR 128: 17] 1856 . Jan 28. Watt’s Life by Muirhead …
… [Pepys 1848–9]— April 21 Sandwitt Kars [Sandwith 1856]. [DAR 128: 18] March …
… 1851–6] —— Wollaston on Variation [Wollaston 1856] F. Smith on Apidæ [F. Smith 1855] …
… 1835 [H. C. Watson 1835] [DAR 128: 20] 1856 June 26. Davis J. Barnard. …
… 1855] —— 19 Von Tschudi Alpine life [Tschudi 1856] 30. Brehm Handbuch Vogel …
… 1857 Nov. 15. Andersson Lake Gnami [Andersson 1856] —— 26 Slightly skimmed Forbes …
… 1765] Oct. 23. Tracings of Iceland Chambers [Chambers 1856]. —— Mansfield Travels in …
… 2 vols July D r . Kane’s Arctic Voyage [Kane 1856] Sept. 12. Ch. Napiers Life …
… rubbish yet amusing Nov. 15. Tender & True [Spence] 1856]: H. Coverdale [Smedley [1854–6] …
… Travels I ever read) Sept. Froude Henry VIII [Froude 1856]. 4 vols very interesting. …
… —— 16 Zoologist [ Zoologist ]. up Vol. 14. 1856 May 9 th Voyage au Pol. Sud. Consid. Gen …
… 1859 Feb. 28 Olmstead S. States [Olmsted 1856] (excellent) March 21. Mill on Liberty …
… The revised edition of Johnston’s Physical atlas (1856) included ‘Map of the distribution of …
… 113 The Cottage Gardener ceased publication in 1856. 114 CD marked this entry …
… vols. London. 119: 14a Andersson, Carl Johan. 1856. Lake Ngami; or, explorations and …
… [Darwin Library.] 119: 20a; *128: 173 ——. 1856. Tracings of Iceland and the Faröe …
… [Other eds.] 119: 9a Chesterton, George Laval. 1856. Revelations of prison life; …
… 128: 5 Davis, Joseph Barnard and Thurnam, John. 1856–65. Crania Britannica. …
… Three visits to Madagascar during the years 1853, 1854, 1856 . London. 128: 24 …
… . Lundæ. *119: 5v. Froude, James Anthony. 1856. History of England from the fall of …

Before Origin: the ‘big book’

Summary

Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…

Matches: 9 hits

… naturalist Edward Forbes. Darwin declared to Hooker in July 1856 ‘y ou continental extensionists …
… of his old friend, the geologist Charles Lyell, who, in May 1856, twenty months after Darwin had …
… urgency to publish and, following Lyell’s advice in May 1856, began to write a sketch his theory. ‘I …
… without full details. ’ Writing to his cousin Fox in June 1856, Darwin openly confessed his fears …
… work ’ he had ‘desisted’. By November 1856, he had both good and bad news to report to Lyell: ‘ …
… press. Although Darwin had decided in the autumn of 1856 to write only from the materials he …
… wrote ten and a half chapters of his Big Book between May 1856 and June 1858. With a total of …
… length ’, he had complained to Hooker in December 1856. By mid-1858, only the first chapter on …
… being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858 (Cambridge University …

Thomas Henry Huxley

Summary

Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a leading Victorian zoologist, science popularizer, and education reformer. He was born in Ealing, a small village west of London, in 1825. With only two years of…

Matches: 1 hits

… Owen, and Louis Agassiz (see letters to J. D. Hooker, 9 May 1856 and 21 May 1856). But he considered …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 2 hits

… Letter 1836 - Berkeley, M. J. to Darwin, [7 March 1856] Clergyman and botanist …
… Letter 1836 - Berkeley, M. J. to Darwin, [7 March 1856] Clergyman and botanist Miles …

4.16 Joseph Simms, physiognomy

Summary

< Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a three-year lecture tour of Britain, sent Darwin a copy of his book, Nature’s Revelations of Character; Or, Physiognomy Illustrated. He was seeking a public…

Matches: 1 hits

… of the human form’, Quarterly Review , 99:198 (Sept. 1856), pp. 452-491. Joseph Simms, Nature’s …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 1 hits

… to me’ ( letter to E. W. V. Harcourt, 24 June [1856] ). In a follow-up letter, Darwin hinted at …

Hermann Müller

Summary

Hermann (Heinrich Ludwig Hermann) Müller, was born in Mühlberg near Erfurt in 1829. He was the younger brother of Fritz Müller (1822–97). Following the completion of his secondary education at Erfurt in 1848, he studied natural sciences at Halle and Berlin…

Matches: 1 hits

… it was the subject of his first scientific paper (Müller 1856). In the autumn of 1855, Müller …

Scientific Networks

Summary

Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…

Matches: 1 hits

… Letter 1979 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, 27 Oct [1856] Darwin provides detailed …

Correlation of growth: deaf blue-eyed cats, pigs, and poison

Summary

As he was first developing his ideas, among the potential problems Darwin recognised with natural selection was how to account for developmental change that conferred no apparent advantage. He proposed a ‘mysterious law’ of ‘correlation of growth’ where…

Matches: 2 hits

… to write up a ‘preliminary essay’ on his views in 1856, he went back to Fox to check his facts, …
… the African explorer and army surgeon William Daniell in 1856 was probably in reply to such a …

Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?

Summary

'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…

Matches: 1 hits

… `big book’, Natural selection , begun in 1856. Coming hard on the heels of The descent of man …

3.2 Maull and Polyblank photo 1

Summary

< Back to Introduction The rise of professional photographic studios in the mid nineteenth century was a key factor in the shaping of Darwinian iconography, but Darwin’s relationship with these firms was from the start a cautious and sometimes a…

Matches: 2 hits

… burgeoned into a multi-faceted commercial enterprise: by 1856 Maull and Polyblank were offering …
… and photography: portrait publications in Great Britain, 1856-1900’, PhD thesis, University of Texas …

Begins 'Natural Selection'

Summary

Darwin begins writing his 'big book', Natural Selection. The book was never finished, but later formed the basis for On the Origin of Species

Matches: 1 hits

… Darwin begins writing his 'big book', Natural Selection. The book was never finished, but …

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Darwin, C. R.	disabled_by_default
Darwin, Emma	(1)
Wedgwood, Emma	(1)

Hooker, J. D.	(134)
Tegetmeier, W. B.	(52)
Lyell, Charles	(43)
Gray, Asa	(32)
Fox, W. D.	(26)

Darwin, C. R.	(672)
Hooker, J. D.	(134)
Tegetmeier, W. B.	(52)
Lyell, Charles	(43)
Gray, Asa	(32)

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