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To G. R. Waterhouse   29 August [1854]

Summary

Sends fossil cirripedes for the museum’s collection.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Robert Waterhouse
Date:  29 Aug [1854]
Classmark:  Natural History Museum, Library and Archives (Archives DF PAL/100/7/)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1583

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To G.  R. Waterhouse   29 August [1854] …
  • … Archives DF PAL/100/7/) Charles Robert Darwin Down 29 Aug [1854] George Robert Waterhouse …
  • … CD described in Fossil Cirripedia (1851) and (1854). Wood’s collection is mentioned in …

To Robert Fitch   11 November [1850]

Summary

Describes progress in illustrating fossil cirripede specimens by J. de C. Sowerby.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Robert Fitch
Date:  11 Nov [1850]
Classmark:  Norwich Castle
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1369

Matches: 6 hits

  • … of the Cirripedia monograph, Living Cirripedia (1851) , Living Cirripedia (1854) , Fossil …
  • … Cirripedia (1854) . Possibly Fitch 1847 , published by the Norfolk and Norwich …
  • … Society 1: 252–4. Fossil Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the fossil Balanidæ and …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1854. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of …
  • … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. …

To the Ray Society   [before 23 January 1854]

Summary

"A letter having been read from Mr. Darwin stating that the MSS of the 2nd vol. of his work [Living Cirripedia] extended to 900 pages it was resolved that the whole be published in one volume."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Ray Society
Date:  [before 23 Jan 1854]
Classmark:  Natural History Museum, Library and Archives (General Library MSS RAY)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1549

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To the Ray Society   [before 23 January 1854] …
  • … General Library MSS RAY) Charles Robert Darwin unstated [before 23 Jan 1854] Ray Society …
  • … meeting of the Ray Society , 23 January 1854. William Spence chaired the meeting, and …

To Joseph Augustin Hubert de Bosquet   17 December [1852]

Summary

At request of Edward Forbes sends vol. 1 of Living Cirripedia and vol. 1 of Fossil Cirripedia.

Calls attention to sexual relations of Ibla and Scalpellum.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Augustin Hubert de Bosquet
Date:  17 Dec [1852]
Classmark:  Ripon College, Lane Library
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1493

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Bosquet, Joseph Augustin Hubert de. 1854. Monographie des Crustaces fossiles du terrain …
  • … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. …
  • … MS attached to CD’s copy of Living Cirripedia (1854) in the Cambridge University Library). …
  • … Of later volumes, only Living Cirripedia (1854) was sent. Bosquet, of Maestricht, studied …
  • … strata of Holland and Belgium (see Bosquet 1854 ). In Bosquet 1857 , ‘Notice sur quelques …

To a librarian   [early September? 1854]

Summary

Will return all but two volumes; requests four titles, including Pepys’s Diaries, but not the first volume.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Librarian
Date:  [early Sept? 1854]
Classmark:  The British Library (Surrogate RP 9763)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1592F

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To a librarian   [early September? 1854] …
  • … The British Library (Surrogate RP 9763) Charles Robert Darwin [early Sept? 1854] Librarian …
  • … conjectured by a reference dated 16 September 1854 to CD’s reading the first three volumes …

From J. D. Hooker   [15 November 1854]

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Summary

George Bentham’s list of aberrant plant genera. JDH appended the number of species in each genus according to E. G. Steudel’s catalogue [Nomenclator botanicus (1840–1)] and according to JDH and Bentham.

JDH speculates on effect of splitting Australia longitudinally on distribution; it becomes an argument for new creations.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [15 Nov 1854]
Classmark:  DAR 205.9: 386
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1607

Matches: 5 hits

  • … From J.  D. Hooker   [15 November 1854] …
  • … DAR 205.9: 386 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew [15 Nov 1854] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … letter from J.  D. Hooker, [3 November 1854] , n.  7). Steudel 1840–1. CD’s copy, lightly …
  • … See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 4 December [1854] , for CD’s rephrasing of these comments. In …
  • … and letter to J.  D. Hooker, 4 December [1854] , CD also made the following note (DAR …

Campbell, Archibald (1805–74)

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Pa. : Taylor & Francis. Jackson, Welby B. 1854. Selections from the records of the Bengal …
  • … 1918 W. B. Jackson 1854 Bibliography Balfour, Edward. 1885. The cyclopædia of India and of …
  • … Hooker by the Sikkim rajah. Balfour 1885 R. Desmond 1994 J. D. Hooker 1854 L. Huxley ed. …

To Fanny Mackintosh Wedgwood   18 [August 1854]

Summary

Thanks for writing about E. A. Darwin’s illness. Will never forget the comfort she was [when Anne Darwin died, 1851].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Frances Emma Elizabeth (Fanny) Mackintosh; Frances Emma Elizabeth (Fanny) Wedgwood
Date:  18 [Aug 1854]
Classmark:  Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1547

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To Fanny Mackintosh Wedgwood   18 [August 1854] …
  • … Charles Robert Darwin Down 18 [Aug 1854] Frances Emma Elizabeth (Fanny) Mackintosh/Frances …
  • … letter from J.  D. Hooker, 25 August 1854 . Fanny Mackintosh Wedgwood had been residing at …

To Albany Hancock   30 March [1853]

Summary

Thanks AH for assistance. Compares Alcippe to South American boring cirripedes.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Albany Hancock
Date:  30 Mar [1853]
Classmark:  Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1509

Matches: 5 hits

  • … called ‘protruberant buttons or cushions’. Living Cirripedia (1854):  577–8. …
  • … Bibliography Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. …
  • … order, Abdominalia ( Living Cirripedia (1854):  563–6). Alcippe lampas was classified as a …
  • … complete gut, respectively. See Living Cirripedia (1854):  543–4. The ‘bosses’ are there …

To Wilhelm Bernhard Rudolph Hadrian Dunker   20 September 1850

Summary

Thanks for fossil cirripede specimens.

Describes progress on his book [Fossil Cirripedia] and his work on living cirripedes. Asks to borrow specimens.

Comments on book [F. C. L. Koch and Wilhelm Dunker, Norddeutschen Oolithgebildes (1837)].

Sends thanks to Friedrich Adolph Roemer and R. A. Philippi for specimens.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Wilhelm Bernhard Rudolph Hadrian (Wilhelm) Dunker
Date:  20 Sept 1850
Classmark:  Det Kongelige Bibliotek, Copenhagen (NKS 4941 I, 4to)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1359

Matches: 6 hits

  • … vi, fig. 6; cited in Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  53. See Fossil Cirripedia (1854):  8, 9  …
  • … and Living Cirripedia (1854):  193. Pollicipes carinatus , which was described in Fossil …
  • … Society. 1851. Fossil Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the fossil Balanidæ and Verrucidæ …
  • … of Great Britain. By Charles Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1854. …
  • … Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the …
  • … or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. …

To J. S. Henslow   17 November [1854]

Summary

Asks JSH to inquire about drift-wood at Kerguelen Land.

Hooker’s observation on similarity of Kerguelen plant species to those of Tierra del Fuego strikes CD as a great anomaly, so he is searching for an answer, "however improbable".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Stevens Henslow
Date:  17 Nov [1854]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.109)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1602

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To J.  S. Henslow   17 November [1854] …
  • … Society (Mss.B.D25.109) Charles Robert Darwin Down 17 Nov [1854] John Stevens Henslow …
  • … see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 7 September [1854] ). John Nunn . Also known as Desolation …

From George Brettingham Sowerby Jr to Emma Darwin   22 July 1863

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Summary

Sets out estimate for cutting blocks for illustrations of a trap.

Author:  George Brettingham Sowerby, Jr
Addressee:  Emma Wedgwood; Emma Darwin
Date:  22 July 1863
Classmark:  DAR 157.2: 101
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4251

Matches: 6 hits

  • … for South America , and the illustrations for Living Cirripedia ( 1851 and 1854 ), Fossil …
  • … Cirripedia (1854) , and Orchids (see Correspondence vols.  3, 4, 5, and 9). …
  • … University Press. 1985–. Fossil Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the fossil Balanidæ and …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1854. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of …
  • … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. Orchids : On the various contrivances by …

From J. E. Gray   [1846–54]

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Summary

Lateral teeth in Arcadae.

Author:  John Edward Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [1846–54]
Classmark:  DAR 205.5: 216 (Letters)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13814

Matches: 7 hits

  • … Society. 1851. Fossil Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the fossil Balanidæ and Verrucidæ …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1854. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of …
  • … and fossil Cirripedia were published between 1851 and 1854 (see Living Cirripedia (1851) , …
  • … Fossil Cirripedia (1851) , Living Cirripedia (1854) , and …
  • … Fossil Cirripedia (1854) ). The configuration of umbonal teeth described by Gray is …
  • … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. …

To Robert Fitch   3 December [1849]

Summary

Asks to borrow specimen of Pollicipes from the Chalk.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Robert Fitch
Date:  3 Dec [1849]
Classmark:  Norwich Castle
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1274

Matches: 6 hits

  • … The Ray Society published the two volumes of Living Cirripedia ( 1851 , 1854 ). The …
  • … two volumes of Fossil Cirripedia ( 1851 , 1854 ) were published by the Palaeontographical …
  • … Society. 1851. Fossil Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the fossil Balanidæ and Verrucidæ …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1854. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of …
  • … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. Sharpe, Daniel. 1846. On slaty cleavage. [ …

To T. H. Huxley   20 February [1855]

Summary

Sends specimens of sessile cirripedes for corroboration of their cementing apparatus.

Absence of anus in Brachiopoda and Alcippe cirripedes.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  20 Feb [1855]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 23, 372, 376)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1635

Matches: 7 hits

  • … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. …
  • … H. Huxley 1855a (see n.  7, below). See letters to T.  H. Huxley, 8 September [1854] and …
  • … 13 September [1854] . Huxley had examined specimens of cirripedes during his visit to …
  • … his views on the Lepadidae (pedunculated cirripedes) (see Living Cirripedia (1854):  134). …
  • … See Living Cirripedia (1854) , p.  134, where CD described the cementing apparatus in …
  • … T.  H. Huxley 1854b . Living Cirripedia (1854):  546. T.  H. Huxley 1855a . CD’s copy is …

From Frederick Smith   26 February 1858

Summary

Identifies an ant described by CD and discusses the predatory habits of Formica sanguinea.

Describes some wasps’ nests.

Author:  Frederick Smith
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  26 Feb 1858
Classmark:  DAR 177: 191 (fragile)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2226

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Cambridge University Press. 1975. Smith, Frederick. 1854. Essay on the genera and species …
  • … of British Formicidæ. [Read 4 December 1854. ] Transactions of the Entomological …
  • … Society of London n.s. 3 (1854–6): 95–135. Smith, Frederick. 1857. Revision of an essay on …
  • … known species of British ants in F.  Smith 1854  and revised this list in F.  Smith 1857 . …
  • … areas of southern England ( F.  Smith 1854 , pp.  101, 103). CD must have asked Smith …
  • … s account of the subject ( F.  Smith 1854 ). In CD’s copy of the work, Smith’s description …

From Hermann Kindt   5 September 1864

Summary

Requests permission, for a friend, to publish extracts of Orchids in German translation.

Author:  Hermann Adolph Christian August (Hermann) Kindt
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Sept 1864
Classmark:  DAR 169: 11
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4609

Matches: 5 hits

  • … barnacle work, conducted between 1846  and 1854, see Correspondence vol.  4, Appendix II. …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. Orchids : On the various contrivances by …
  • … 9 [July 1864] and n.  6. Living Cirripedia ( 1851 , 1854 ) was published in two volumes by …
  • … the Ray Society in 1851 and 1854. In recognition of his work on the first volume, CD was …
  • … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub- class Cirripedia, …

To Christian Ferdinand Friedrich von Krauss   21 December [1851]

Summary

Asks to borrow FK’s specimen of Conia rosea. Would like to know if FK collected it himself [in S. Africa] or was given it, because CD has a closely allied species from Australia, which surprises him. [See Living Cirripedia 2: 335.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Christian Ferdinand Friedrich von Krauss
Date:  21 Dec [1851]
Classmark:  Wellcome Collection
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1465

Matches: 5 hits

  • … of Tesseropora rosea . In Living Cirripedia (1854):  335 n. , CD stated: ‘There can be no …
  • … Mollusken. Stuttgart. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, …
  • … or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. …
  • … Tetraclita rosea (see Living Cirripedia (1854):  321). Krauss had described it in Krauss …
  • … p.  136. CD thanked him in Living Cirripedia (1854): 335 n. for sending a ‘unique specimen …

Lewis, Richard Albert. 1952. Edwin Chadwick and the public health movement, 1832– 1854. London: Longmans, Green.

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Edwin Chadwick and the public health movement, 1832– 1854. London: Longmans, Green. 4 …

Page, David. 1854. Introductory text-book of geology. Edinburgh and London: W. Blackwood & sons.

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Page, David. 1854. Introductory text-book of geology. Edinburgh and London: W. Blackwood & …
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Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter

Summary

The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … cirripedes and culminated in  Living Cirripedia  (1854) and  Fossil Cirripedia  (1854), again …
  • … series of letters pertaining to the Royal Society. In April 1854, when his cirripede study was …
  • … indicated by his comment in a letter to Hooker on 29 [May 1854] : ‘Very far from disagreeing with …
  • … Back to species theory In September 1854, as soon as the final proofs of the last barnacle …
  • … do as I wish it Throughout the correspondence of 1854 and 1855, the overwhelming …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … [24 July 1842] To P. G. King,  21 February 1854 : ‘I live in the country about 16 miles …

Scientific Practice

Summary

Specialism|Experiment|Microscopes|Collecting|Theory Letter writing is often seen as a part of scientific communication, rather than as integral to knowledge making. This section shows how correspondence could help to shape the practice of science, from…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 1587 — Darwin, C. R. to Huxley, T. H., 2 Sept [1854] Darwin mentions that the second …
  • … of creation in [ Br. & Foreign Med.-Chir. Rev. 13 (1854)], but notes that he himself is …
  • … Letter 1592 — Darwin, C. R. to Huxley, T. H., 13 Sept [1854] Letter 1635 — Darwin, …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 23 hits

  • … [Wellesley 1832] Sir. W. Nott’s Life [W. Nott 1854].— [DAR *119: 15v.] From …
  • … de la Boheme [Barrande 1852–1911] must be deeply studied 1854 The Zoologist by E. Newman [ …
  • … [Pepys 1825] (Read).— Sir W. Notts life [W. Nott 1854] read [DAR *128: 177] …
  • … r . Nott & Gliddon: Trübner & Co [J. C. Nott and Gliddon 1854] (read) A Lecture by …
  • … not published but reported fully in Literary Gazette Sept 30 1854 91 Agricult. Journal …
  • … d’un Naturaliste A. de Quatrefages [Quatrefages de Bréau 1854]. (light reading) (??) read …
  • … Domestic animals. 94 Lloyd Scandinavian Adventures 1854 [L. Lloyd 1854]. praised in …
  • … sur les Migration des Vegetaux 4 to  Pamphlet [Godron 1854] (read) Journal of Asiatic Soc. …
  • … specially of central platform of France 8 fr. [Lecoq 1854–8] Read Journal de la Soc. Imp. d …
  • … Sir J. Lubbock. member Ferguson on Poultry [Ferguson 1854], recommended by M r  Brent, but …
  • … D r . Badham “Ancient & Modern Tattle” on Fish [Badham 1854]. M r  Tegetmeier says very …
  • … (read) From Nott & Gliddon [J. C. Nott and Gliddon 1854] Roselini Monumenta [ …
  • … Carboniferous strata, translated in Bull. General [Heer 1854].— Hooker has it.— Very important …
  • … I ought to read Murchinson’s Siluria [Murchison 1854]— I  must  read it. & buy it.— …
  • … W. R. Wilde in Dublin University Magazine early month of 1854 on food of Irish. ( Pig ) [Wilde] …
  • … translated into French by Gaudin—with additions [Heer 1854]. Archives du Museum [ Archives …
  • … Himmalaya [T. Thomson 1852] [DAR 128: 7] 1854 Jan 11 th . Pulsky Red, …
  • … 1848]. March 7 th . Hooker’s Himmalaya [Hooker 1854].— —— 23 Stansbury. Exploration …
  • … July 3 d . Sir B. B. Psychological Essays [Brodie] 1854] —— Duval Histoire du Pommier, …
  • … Isidore Geoffroy St. Hilaire [I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1854–62] Tome I [DAR 128: 9] …
  • … Williams Missionary in T. del Fuego [Hamilton 1854] March 28 th . Sir G. Stephens Lectures …
  • … Richardson 1784] (poor) [DAR 128: 10] 1854.  Microscopical Journal [ …
  • … 1855. Wollastons Insecta Maderensia [Wollaston 1854] —— Johnston Physical Atlas [A. K. …

Darwin and the Church

Summary

The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Lubbock, the principal landowner in Down, in a letter of 1854 in which he said, From all I have seen …
  • … [of the Poor Fund]’ (letter to J. W. Lubbock, 28 March [1854] ). Despite their differences, they …

Living and fossil cirripedia

Summary

Darwin published four volumes on barnacles, the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia, between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on fossil species. Written for a specialist audience, they are among the most challenging and least read of Darwin’s works…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … on the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on …
  • … in manuscript form to the Ray Society at the beginning of 1854 , where it took longer than the ‘ …
  • … to tell his friend Thomas Henry Huxley in early September 1854, ‘ My second volume on the …
  • … Society; the monograph itself was printed in 1854. This volume appears not to have been discussed …
  • … but he wrote to the Palaeontographical Society in February 1854 and the society confirmed that he …

Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles

Summary

Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … sub-class of Crustacea,  Living Cirripedia  (1851, 1854) and  Fossil Cirripedia  (1851, 1854). …
  • … spermatozoa’ attached to the female (Living Cirripedia (1854): 23). Darwin had previously worked out …
  • … from monoecious forms (Living Cirripedia (1851): 214; (1854): 29, 528 n.) and, at another level, to …

Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia

Summary

Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…

Matches: 13 hits

  • … Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. …
  • … In both volumes of Living Cirripedia (1851 and 1854), Darwin devoted an introductory section to …
  • … was best placed among the Lepadidae ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 527–8).^1^1^    Both …
  • … segments are quite aborted . . . ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 562–3)    Indeed, …
  • … be the most natural arrangement. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 588)    The fact that the …
  • … with his figure of the mature animal ( Living Cirripedia (1854), Plate XXV).    Throughout …
  • … (1851): 37–8)    In Living Cirripedia (1854), Darwin ventured to suggest the possible …
  • … by a new and anomalous course. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 151–2)    Crisp (1983) has …
  • … from bisexuality to unisexuality. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 29)^16^    Darwin’s …
  • … merely varieties (Southward 1983). In Living Cirripedia (1854), Darwin clearly stated the …
  • … be found eminently variable. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 155)    One of the first …
  • … a very direct and curious manner’ ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 529). Modern systematists place …
  • … nature was demonstrated.’ ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 555). See also Rachootin 1984, pp. 235–6.   …

3.2 Maull and Polyblank photo 1

Summary

< Back to Introduction The rise of professional photographic studios in the mid nineteenth century was a key factor in the shaping of Darwinian iconography, but Darwin’s relationship with these firms was from the start a cautious and sometimes a…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … the start a cautious and sometimes a difficult one. In 1854-5 the newly established firm of Henry …
  • … who thought that ‘it was probably taken in the year 1854, but he had never seen it’. A slot in the …
  • … Walker, dated 1912; the photograph itself is here dated 1854, and accompanied by a facsimile of …
  • … Polyblank, photographers 
 date of creation 1854 or early 1855 
 computer-readable …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Dramatist 23 Middelburg 20 june 1854 Middelburg 13 october …
  • …   Deventer 11 september 1854 Deventer 8 march 1936 Haarlem …
  • … Phil.nat.cand   Leiden 18 july 1854 Batavia 8 march 1896 …
  • … University.   Utrecht 16 april 1854 Amsterdam 4 january 1928 …
  • … Phil.nat.cand.   Utrecht 16 april 1854 Amsterdam 4 january …
  • … Phil.nat.stud   Leiden 19 august 1854 Oud-Beijerland 23 …

Before Origin: the ‘big book’

Summary

Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight …
  • … what he came to call his ‘big book’.   In March 1854, six months before he started sorting …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Dramatist 23 Middelburg 20 June 1854 Middelburg 13 October …
  • …   Deventer 11 September 1854 Deventer 8 March 1936 Haarlem …
  • … Phil.nat.cand   Leiden 18 July 1854 Batavia 8 March 1896 …
  • … University.   Utrecht 16 April 1854 Amsterdam 4 January 1928 …
  • … Phil.nat.cand.   Utrecht 16 April 1854 Amsterdam 4 January …
  • … Phil.nat.stud   Leiden 19 August 1854 Oud-Beijerland 23 …

John Murray

Summary

Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … his barnacle books ( Fossil Cirripedia  (1851 and 1854) and  Living Cirripedia  (1851 and 1854)) …

Editorial policy and practice

Summary

Full texts are added to this site four years after the letter is published in the print edition of the Correspondence. Transcriptions are made from the original or a facsimile where these are available. Where they are not, texts are taken from the best…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … used in a strict sense. Thus a letter dated ‘after 8 July 1854’ is judged to have been written very …

Joseph Simms

Summary

The American doctor and author of works on physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874, while he was staying in London. He enclosed a copy of his book Nature’s revelations of character (Simms 1873). He hoped it might 'prove…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … in major cities of the US and Canada on physiognomy in 1854. In 1866 he sought training in anatomy …

Scientific Networks

Summary

Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Letter 1585 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, [Sept 1854] Darwin sends Lubbock a beetle he …

Darwin’s observations on his children

Summary

Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … of logical thought and language. On 20 May 1854, Darwin again took over the notebook and, …
  • … a bit of red glass at the garden) 47v.  May 1854. Before tea Ch. asked Lenny P. Have you …
  • … give me a kiss if you like”. 48 [74] May 20— 1854.— I saw a pile of sand lying on the lawn …
  • … I could not help it awfully”.— 49  June 1854— About 9 months ago, Lenny defined being in …
  • … Horace Lenny. When ill with Fever & recovering (Dec 1854) used constantly to ask in the …

Charles Darwin’s letters: a selection 1825-1859

Summary

The letters in this volume span the years from 1825, when Darwin was a student at the University of Edinburgh, to the end of 1859, when the Origin of Species was published. The early letters portray Darwin as a lively sixteen-year-old medical student. Two…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … taxonomic study of the entire order. By this time, 1854, Darwin had become a family man. In …
  • … field notes exist that record the observations made between 1854 and 1861 by five of his children, …

3.3 Maull and Polyblank photo 2

Summary

< Back to Introduction Despite the difficulties that arose in relation to Maull and Polyblank’s first photograph of Darwin, another one was produced, this time showing him in three-quarter view. It was evidently not taken at the same session as the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Darwin (with a caption querying the date, and suggesting ‘1854?’). It was reproduced …

Barnacles

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Darwin and barnacles Darwin’s interest in Cirripedia, a class of marine arthropods, was first piqued by the discovery of an odd burrowing barnacle, which he later named “Mr. Arthrobalanus," while he was…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … and wrote about barnacles on a daily basis from 1846 to 1854. Ultimately, Darwin's deep and …
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