To John Lubbock 21 [March 1859]
Summary
Development of aphids; apparent absence of vermiform stage.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury |
| Date: | 21 [Mar 1859] |
| Classmark: | DAR 263: 30 (EH 88206479) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2419 |
Matches: 6 hits
- … of cirripede antennae in Living Cirripedia ( 1851 and 1854 ). See Correspondence vol. …
- … 4, Appendix II. In Living Cirripedia (1854) , CD classified Proteolepas on the basis of …
- … crustacean (see Living Cirripedia (1854): 588). Cryptophialus was another extremely …
- … the Beagle voyage and described in Living Cirripedia (1854) . See Correspondence vol. 4. …
- … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. Origin : On the origin of species by means …
To John Murray 15 October [1859]
Summary
Discusses presentation copies [of the Origin].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Murray |
| Date: | 15 Oct [1859] |
| Classmark: | DAR R 143 (with R. F. Cooke correspondence) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2506 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … distribute copies of Living Cirripedia (1854) to foreign naturalists (see Correspondence …
- … letter to T. H. Huxley, 8 September [1854] ). For CD’s list of presentation copies, see …
- … Press. 1985–. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. Origin : On the origin of species by means …
To T. H. Huxley [9 December 1859]
Summary
Sends enclosure [unspecified].
Reminds THH to mention [German] translation [of Origin] when he writes to R. A. von Kölliker.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Thomas Henry Huxley |
| Date: | [9 Dec 1859] |
| Classmark: | DAR 145: 189 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2574 |
To Frederick Smith 29 April [1859]
Summary
Has FS observed the slaves of Formica sanguinea foraging outside the nest.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Frederick Smith |
| Date: | 29 Apr [1859] |
| Classmark: | Natural History Museum, Library and Archive (General Special Collections DC AL 1/22) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2455F |
Matches: 4 hits
- … p. 220. See Huber 1810 and F. Smith 1854 . George Robert Gray ’s note has not been found. …
- … Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Smith, Frederick. 1854. Essay on the genera and species …
- … of British Formicidæ. [Read 4 December 1854. ] Transactions of the Entomological …
- … Society of London n.s. 3 (1854–6): 95–135. …
From Frederick Smith 30 April 1859
Summary
Reports his observations on the habits of slave-making ants (Formica sanguinea).
| Author: | Frederick Smith |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 30 Apr 1859 |
| Classmark: | DAR 177: 192 (fragile) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2456 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … same species; he described it in F. Smith 1854 and in F. Smith 1858 , pp. 6–7. William …
- … Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Smith, Frederick. 1854. Essay on the genera and species …
- … of British Formicidæ. [Read 4 December 1854. ] Transactions of the Entomological …
- … Society of London n.s. 3 (1854–6): 95–135. Smith, Frederick. 1855. Catalogue of British …
To Charles Kingsley 1 December [1859]
Summary
Is very glad CK wrote the article My Winter Garden (Kingsley 1858), which CD enjoyed.
Thinks CK should read abstracts of Living Cirripedia (1851) and Living Cirripedia (1854), and then, if he is particularly interested, borrow the actual volumes, rather than purchase them.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Kingsley |
| Date: | 1 Dec [1859] |
| Classmark: | University of Toronto, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library (MSS gen 30.058) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2564F |
To W. B. Carpenter 18 November [1859]
Summary
Comments on WBC’s response to the Origin. Hopes he will review it. Acceptance will depend more on men like WBC, with well-established reputations, than on his own writings.
"Lyell thinks the chapter on the Imperfection of the Geological Record not exaggerated."
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | William Benjamin Carpenter |
| Date: | 18 Nov [1859] |
| Classmark: | DAR 261.6: 1 (EH 88205918) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2535 |
From John Higgins 15 July 1859
Summary
Suggests giving Marcus Huish permission to shoot over CD’s Beesby estate, but not to revoke JH’s occasional privilege to take a visitor shooting there.
| Author: | John Higgins |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 15 July 1859 |
| Classmark: | Lincolnshire Archives (HIG/4/2/4/2) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2476G |
Matches: 1 hit
- … November 1844? ] and n. 1). Yorke died in 1854. John Samuel Lister owned the neighbouring …
To Charles Lovegrove 14 December [1859–71]
Summary
Acknowledges contribution to Down Coal and Clothing Club.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Lovegrove |
| Date: | 14 Dec [1859-71] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13822 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … the funds ( Correspondence vol. 5, letter to G. H. Turnbull, 28 October [1854] ). …
To W. E. Darwin 25 [August 1859]
Summary
Writes of a visit to Leith Hill and WED’s injured ankle.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | William Erasmus Darwin |
| Date: | 25 [Aug 1859] |
| Classmark: | DAR 210.6: 47 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2483 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Anne Hadley , who married Richard Greaves in 1854. George Howard Darwin had long had an …
To Charles Lyell 31 [October 1859]
Summary
Further discussion of origin of domestic dog breeds.
Effects of crossing separate races.
Comments on rate of artificial and natural selection.
The origin of pigeon breeds.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Lyell, 1st baronet |
| Date: | 31 [Oct 1859] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.175) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2513 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … vol. 5, letter to J. D. Hooker,7 July [1854] ). CD refers to the first two chapters on ‘ …
To T. H. Huxley 28 December [1859]
Summary
Delighted with Times review [26 Dec 1859]. Puzzled by author, suspects THH, but publication in Times makes it unlikely. Sorry for Owen.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Thomas Henry Huxley |
| Date: | 28 Dec [1859] |
| Classmark: | Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 92) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2611 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … praised Living Cirripedia (1851) and (1854) in similar terms in his lectures on general …
From Richard Hill 26 November 1859
Summary
Sends some bees CD requested
and discusses the differences among several animal species on islands of the West Indies.
| Author: | Richard Hill |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 26 Nov 1859 |
| Classmark: | DAR 205.3: 275 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2557 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … of Jamaican plants to Kew during the years 1854–62 ( R. Desmond 1977 ). William Jackson …
From Charles Lyell 4 October 1859
Summary
Response to Origin. Praise for summary of chapter 10 and chapter 11.
The dissimilarity of African and American species is ‘necessary result of “Creation” adapting new species to the pre-existing ones. Granting this unknown & if you please miraculous power acting’.
C. T. Gaudin writes of Oswald Heer’s finding many species common between Miocene floras of Iceland and Switzerland. Interesting for CD’s migration theory.
| Author: | Charles Lyell, 1st baronet |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 4 Oct 1859 |
| Classmark: | DAR 170: 81; The University of Edinburgh Centre for Research Collections (Notebook 241, pp. 75–90) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3132 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … visited Madeira and Porto Santo in 1853 and 1854 (L. G. Wilson ed. 1970, p. xxxviii). …
| letter | (14) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (10) |
| Higgins, John | (1) |
| Hill, Richard | (1) |
| Lyell, Charles | (1) |
| Smith, Frederick (a) | (1) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (4) |
| Huxley, T. H. | (2) |
| Carpenter, W. B. | (1) |
| Darwin, W. E. | (1) |
| Kingsley, Charles | (1) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (14) |
| Huxley, T. H. | (2) |
| Lyell, Charles | (2) |
| Smith, Frederick (a) | (2) |
| Carpenter, W. B. | (1) |
Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter
Summary
The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…
Matches: 5 hits
- … cirripedes and culminated in Living Cirripedia (1854) and Fossil Cirripedia (1854), again …
- … series of letters pertaining to the Royal Society. In April 1854, when his cirripede study was …
- … indicated by his comment in a letter to Hooker on 29 [May 1854] : ‘Very far from disagreeing with …
- … Back to species theory In September 1854, as soon as the final proofs of the last barnacle …
- … do as I wish it Throughout the correspondence of 1854 and 1855, the overwhelming …
Darwin and Down
Summary
Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842. The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow. The village combined the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … [24 July 1842] To P. G. King, 21 February 1854 : ‘I live in the country about 16 miles …
Scientific Practice
Summary
Specialism|Experiment|Microscopes|Collecting|Theory Letter writing is often seen as a part of scientific communication, rather than as integral to knowledge making. This section shows how correspondence could help to shape the practice of science, from…
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 23 hits
- … [Wellesley 1832] Sir. W. Nott’s Life [W. Nott 1854].— [DAR *119: 15v.] From …
- … de la Boheme [Barrande 1852–1911] must be deeply studied 1854 The Zoologist by E. Newman [ …
- … [Pepys 1825] (Read).— Sir W. Notts life [W. Nott 1854] read [DAR *128: 177] …
- … r . Nott & Gliddon: Trübner & Co [J. C. Nott and Gliddon 1854] (read) A Lecture by …
- … not published but reported fully in Literary Gazette Sept 30 1854 91 Agricult. Journal …
- … d’un Naturaliste A. de Quatrefages [Quatrefages de Bréau 1854]. (light reading) (??) read …
- … Domestic animals. 94 Lloyd Scandinavian Adventures 1854 [L. Lloyd 1854]. praised in …
- … sur les Migration des Vegetaux 4 to Pamphlet [Godron 1854] (read) Journal of Asiatic Soc. …
- … specially of central platform of France 8 fr. [Lecoq 1854–8] Read Journal de la Soc. Imp. d …
- … Sir J. Lubbock. member Ferguson on Poultry [Ferguson 1854], recommended by M r Brent, but …
- … D r . Badham “Ancient & Modern Tattle” on Fish [Badham 1854]. M r Tegetmeier says very …
- … (read) From Nott & Gliddon [J. C. Nott and Gliddon 1854] Roselini Monumenta [ …
- … Carboniferous strata, translated in Bull. General [Heer 1854].— Hooker has it.— Very important …
- … I ought to read Murchinson’s Siluria [Murchison 1854]— I must read it. & buy it.— …
- … W. R. Wilde in Dublin University Magazine early month of 1854 on food of Irish. ( Pig ) [Wilde] …
- … translated into French by Gaudin—with additions [Heer 1854]. Archives du Museum [ Archives …
- … Himmalaya [T. Thomson 1852] [DAR 128: 7] 1854 Jan 11 th . Pulsky Red, …
- … 1848]. March 7 th . Hooker’s Himmalaya [Hooker 1854].— —— 23 Stansbury. Exploration …
- … July 3 d . Sir B. B. Psychological Essays [Brodie] 1854] —— Duval Histoire du Pommier, …
- … Isidore Geoffroy St. Hilaire [I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1854–62] Tome I [DAR 128: 9] …
- … Williams Missionary in T. del Fuego [Hamilton 1854] March 28 th . Sir G. Stephens Lectures …
- … Richardson 1784] (poor) [DAR 128: 10] 1854. Microscopical Journal [ …
- … 1855. Wollastons Insecta Maderensia [Wollaston 1854] —— Johnston Physical Atlas [A. K. …
Darwin and the Church
Summary
The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…
Living and fossil cirripedia
Summary
Darwin published four volumes on barnacles, the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia, between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on fossil species. Written for a specialist audience, they are among the most challenging and least read of Darwin’s works…
Matches: 5 hits
- … on the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on …
- … in manuscript form to the Ray Society at the beginning of 1854 , where it took longer than the ‘ …
- … to tell his friend Thomas Henry Huxley in early September 1854, ‘ My second volume on the …
- … Society; the monograph itself was printed in 1854. This volume appears not to have been discussed …
- … but he wrote to the Palaeontographical Society in February 1854 and the society confirmed that he …
Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles
Summary
Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…
Matches: 3 hits
- … sub-class of Crustacea, Living Cirripedia (1851, 1854) and Fossil Cirripedia (1851, 1854). …
- … spermatozoa’ attached to the female (Living Cirripedia (1854): 23). Darwin had previously worked out …
- … from monoecious forms (Living Cirripedia (1851): 214; (1854): 29, 528 n.) and, at another level, to …
Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia
Summary
Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…
Matches: 13 hits
- … Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. …
- … In both volumes of Living Cirripedia (1851 and 1854), Darwin devoted an introductory section to …
- … was best placed among the Lepadidae ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 527–8).^1^1^ Both …
- … segments are quite aborted . . . ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 562–3) Indeed, …
- … be the most natural arrangement. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 588) The fact that the …
- … with his figure of the mature animal ( Living Cirripedia (1854), Plate XXV). Throughout …
- … (1851): 37–8) In Living Cirripedia (1854), Darwin ventured to suggest the possible …
- … by a new and anomalous course. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 151–2) Crisp (1983) has …
- … from bisexuality to unisexuality. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 29)^16^ Darwin’s …
- … merely varieties (Southward 1983). In Living Cirripedia (1854), Darwin clearly stated the …
- … be found eminently variable. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 155) One of the first …
- … a very direct and curious manner’ ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 529). Modern systematists place …
- … nature was demonstrated.’ ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 555). See also Rachootin 1984, pp. 235–6. …
3.2 Maull and Polyblank photo 1
Summary
< Back to Introduction The rise of professional photographic studios in the mid nineteenth century was a key factor in the shaping of Darwinian iconography, but Darwin’s relationship with these firms was from the start a cautious and sometimes a…
Matches: 4 hits
- … the start a cautious and sometimes a difficult one. In 1854-5 the newly established firm of Henry …
- … who thought that ‘it was probably taken in the year 1854, but he had never seen it’. A slot in the …
- … Walker, dated 1912; the photograph itself is here dated 1854, and accompanied by a facsimile of …
- … Polyblank, photographers date of creation 1854 or early 1855 computer-readable …
People featured in the Dutch photograph album
Summary
Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …
Matches: 6 hits
- … Dramatist 23 Middelburg 20 june 1854 Middelburg 13 october …
- … Deventer 11 september 1854 Deventer 8 march 1936 Haarlem …
- … Phil.nat.cand Leiden 18 july 1854 Batavia 8 march 1896 …
- … University. Utrecht 16 april 1854 Amsterdam 4 january 1928 …
- … Phil.nat.cand. Utrecht 16 april 1854 Amsterdam 4 january …
- … Phil.nat.stud Leiden 19 august 1854 Oud-Beijerland 23 …
Before Origin: the ‘big book’
Summary
Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…
People featured in the Dutch photograph album
Summary
List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…
Matches: 6 hits
- … Dramatist 23 Middelburg 20 June 1854 Middelburg 13 October …
- … Deventer 11 September 1854 Deventer 8 March 1936 Haarlem …
- … Phil.nat.cand Leiden 18 July 1854 Batavia 8 March 1896 …
- … University. Utrecht 16 April 1854 Amsterdam 4 January 1928 …
- … Phil.nat.cand. Utrecht 16 April 1854 Amsterdam 4 January …
- … Phil.nat.stud Leiden 19 August 1854 Oud-Beijerland 23 …
John Murray
Summary
Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…
Editorial policy and practice
Summary
Full texts are added to this site four years after the letter is published in the print edition of the Correspondence. Transcriptions are made from the original or a facsimile where these are available. Where they are not, texts are taken from the best…
Matches: 1 hits
- … used in a strict sense. Thus a letter dated ‘after 8 July 1854’ is judged to have been written very …
Joseph Simms
Summary
The American doctor and author of works on physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874, while he was staying in London. He enclosed a copy of his book Nature’s revelations of character (Simms 1873). He hoped it might 'prove…
Matches: 1 hits
- … in major cities of the US and Canada on physiognomy in 1854. In 1866 he sought training in anatomy …
Scientific Networks
Summary
Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 1585 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, [Sept 1854] Darwin sends Lubbock a beetle he …
Darwin’s observations on his children
Summary
Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…
Matches: 5 hits
- … of logical thought and language. On 20 May 1854, Darwin again took over the notebook and, …
- … a bit of red glass at the garden) 47v. May 1854. Before tea Ch. asked Lenny P. Have you …
- … give me a kiss if you like”. 48 [74] May 20— 1854.— I saw a pile of sand lying on the lawn …
- … I could not help it awfully”.— 49 June 1854— About 9 months ago, Lenny defined being in …
- … Horace Lenny. When ill with Fever & recovering (Dec 1854) used constantly to ask in the …
Charles Darwin’s letters: a selection 1825-1859
Summary
The letters in this volume span the years from 1825, when Darwin was a student at the University of Edinburgh, to the end of 1859, when the Origin of Species was published. The early letters portray Darwin as a lively sixteen-year-old medical student. Two…
3.3 Maull and Polyblank photo 2
Summary
< Back to Introduction Despite the difficulties that arose in relation to Maull and Polyblank’s first photograph of Darwin, another one was produced, this time showing him in three-quarter view. It was evidently not taken at the same session as the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin (with a caption querying the date, and suggesting ‘1854?’). It was reproduced …
Thomas Henry Huxley
Summary
Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a leading Victorian zoologist, science popularizer, and education reformer. He was born in Ealing, a small village west of London, in 1825. With only two years of…
Matches: 1 hits
- … an appointment as paleontologist to the Geological Survey in 1854. He moved quickly to the inner …
