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From J. D. Hooker   1 February 1868

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Summary

Amazed that Hugo von Mohl and E. M. Fries are not foreign members of Royal Society; Thomson going over the whole matter.

Candolle’s contribution to botany.

Lubbock shocked about Wollaston.

CD’s answer to Greg was capital.

Comments on Variation.

Charles Murchison’s work on Falconer’s Memoirs [Palaeontological memoirs and notes of the late Hugh Falconer (1868)] and JDH on Falconer.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Feb 1868
Classmark:  DAR 102: 191–4; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Directors’ Correspondence 19, f. 200)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5831

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Society. 1851. Fossil Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the fossil Balanidæ and Verrucidæ …
  • … Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1854. Fouqué, Friedrich Heinrich Karl, Baron …
  • … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. Wollaston, Thomas Vernon. 1867. Coleoptera …
  • … barnacles ( Living Cirripedia (1851) , Living Cirripedia (1854) , Fossil Cirripedia (1851) …
  • … and Fossil Cirripedia (1854) ). Fries was elected a foreign member of the Royal Society in …

From Friedrich Rolle   28 May 1868

Summary

Questions CD’s view in Variation that Torfschwein formerly ranged from Europe to China.

Cites numerous German publications relating to CD’s theory.

Author:  Friedrich Rolle
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  28 May 1868
Classmark:  DAR 176: 204
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6213

Matches: 6 hits

  • … 5th edition. Leipzig: J.J. Weber. Unger, Franz. 1854–61. Beiträge zur Physiologie …
  • … der Pflanzen. [Read 9 March 1854, 9 July 1857, 14 January 1858, 18 July 1861. ] …
  • … naturwissenschaftlichen Classe 12 (1854): 367–96; 25 (1857): 441–70; 28 (1858): 111–34; …
  • … papyrus genus. Vitis : the vine genus. Rolle refers to the last part of Unger 1854–61 , in …
  • … particular to Unger 1854–61 , pp.  519–30 (the volume number is in fact …
  • … Calotropis procera , the mudar tree ( Unger 1854–61 , pp.  528–9). Rolle refers to Anton …

From Fritz Müller   22 April 1868

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Summary

His opinion of Pangenesis.

On relative proportion of sexes in marine animals [sthg missing!?] Crustacea.

Sexual differences.

Music of Cicadae.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 Apr 1868
Classmark:  DAR 86: A85–6; Möller 1915–21, 2: 140; Darwin Library–CUL (tipped into CD’s copy of F. Müller 1864a)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6140

Matches: 8 hits

  • … London: John Murray. 1868. Zenker, Wilhelm. 1854. Monographie der Ostracoden. Archiv für …
  • … the ‘cement-trunk’ in Living Cirripedia (1854): 668 and plate 28, fig.  1c. Müller refers …
  • … Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. Marginalia : Charles Darwin’s marginalia. …
  • … he says (Studien über die Krebsthiere, 1854): “Die Männchen finden sich zu jeder Zeit des …
  • … Monographie der Ostracoden’ ( Zenker 1854 , pp.  41–2). Müller’s transcription is correct …
  • … trans.  pp.  135–40. See Living Cirripedia (1854): 118, 673, and plate 30 fig.  8. Lepas …
  • … a rhizocephalan. See Living Cirripedia (1854): 118-19, and plate 30 fig.  8. Dichelaspis …

To Fritz Müller   3 June 1868

Summary

Is glad FM approves of a translation of Für Darwin.

Hopes FM will think well of Pangenesis.

Sexual differences in insect auditory and stridulating organs.

Read FM’s paper on Balanus with great interest ["On Balanus armatus", Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 4th ser. 1 (1868): 393–412].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  3 June 1868
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 24)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6224

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 401, referring to CD’s Living Cirripedia (1854) , pl.  28, fig.  4a (see also ‘Description …
  • … Zoologie 17: 105–84. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1854. Müller, Fritz. 1867. Ueber Balanus armatus …

To W. B. Tegetmeier   22 May [1868]

Summary

Inquires about plumage of poultry breeds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  22 May [1868]
Classmark:  Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6199

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Bibliography Lloyd, Llewelyn. 1854. Scandinavian adventures during a residence of upwards …
  • … adventures and Game birds of Sweden ( Lloyd 1854  and 1867) a number of times in Descent. …

From E. W. Janson   4 June 1868

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Summary

Sends specimens of Coleoptera.

Quotes from W. F. Erichson [Naturgeschichte der Insecten Deutschlands 3: 927] on stridulating organs in Trox.

Author:  Edward Westey Janson
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  4 June 1868
Classmark:  DAR 82: A101–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6228

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Buchhandlung. Lacordaire, Jean Théodore. 1854–75. Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera …
  • … Lacordaire discussed Trox in Lacordaire 1854–75 , 3: 150–1. The quotation is from Wilhelm …

To J. D. Hooker   2 December 1868

Summary

Enthusiastic about JDH’s plan for a British Flora – "a grand idea to make a Flora a guide for knowledge already acquired & to be acquired". Gives examples of subjects.

No work exists on various biological points in plants.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  2 Dec 1868
Classmark:  DAR 94: 102–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6487

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 1868 ). CD refers to Henri Lecoq and Lecoq 1854–8 , to Jean Pierre Etienne Vaucher and …
  • … phanérogames. Paris: F. Savy. Lecoq, Henri. 1854–8. Études sur la géographie botanique de …

To Alfred Newton   27 February [1868]

Summary

Thanks for corrections of errors [in Variation].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alfred Newton
Date:  27 Feb [1868]
Classmark:  Cambridge University Library (MS Add. 9839/1D/57)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5941

Matches: 2 hits

  • … und Forschungen im Amur-Lande in den Jahren 1854–1856. 2 vols. St Petersburg: Akademie der …
  • … Russia and China, was undertaken from 1854 to 1856; the birds of the region, including …

From Fritz Müller   9 September 1868

Summary

Will repeat CD’s experiments on dimorphic and trimorphic plants.

Auditory organs of Orthoptera; stridulation in lamellicorn beetles.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 Sept 1868
Classmark:  DAR 82: A92, Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 146–7.
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6359

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 1991–2013. Burmeister, Karl Hermann Konrad. 1854–6. Systematische Uebersicht der Thiere …
  • … of time, but was shy (see Burmeister 1854–6 , 3: 337). In his letter of 2 February 1867 ( …
  • … periods of time, but was shy (see Burmeister 1854–6 , 3: 337). Müller refers to Franz von …

From J. J. Weir   3 June 1868

Summary

Plumage of canaries; changes in plumage with successive moults.

Author:  John Jenner Weir
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  3 June 1868
Classmark:  DAR 181: 78
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6226

Matches: 2 hits

  • … London: John Murray. 1871. Kidd, William. [1854. ] The canary. London: Groombridge & Sons. …
  • … became paler with each moult. (See Kidd [1854] and R.  L.  Wallace [1889] , pp.  242–9. ) …

From George Cupples   11–13 May 1868

Summary

Answers CD’s queries on difference in size of male and female Scottish deerhounds; female preference for larger males; details about ratio of sexes born. Quotes from letter of Archibald McNeill on difference in size of male and female Scotch deerhounds.

Author:  George Cupples
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11–13 May 1868
Classmark:  DAR 83: 119–20, DAR 83: 121–6, DAR 85: B28
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6169

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Bibliography Blaine, Delabere Pritchett. 1854. Blaine’s Outlines of the veterinary art, …
  • … was first published by Routledge in 1854. There is no record of a second edition or of an …
  • … Cupples may refer to the 1858 reprint, which was the first after 1854 ( Mayhew 1858 ). …
  • … Cupples also refers to Blaine 1854 . This section was excised from the enclosure and has …

To W. W. Reade   21 May [1868]

Summary

Thanks WWR for information in answer to his queries concerning expression.

Asks when horns first appear among a breed of sheep on the Guinea coast,

and for information about the gorilla and chimpanzee.

Asks about African ideas of beauty.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Winwood Reade
Date:  21 May [1868]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.371)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6754

Matches: 2 hits

  • … queries. For contemporary definitions of ‘negroes’, see Nott and Gliddon 1854, pp.  182–8; …
  • … is an annotated copy of Nott and Gliddon 1854 in the Darwin Library–CUL ( Marginalia 1: …

To G. H. Lewes   7 August [1868]

Summary

Thinks GHL’s articles are quite excellent; hopes they will be republished.

Discusses adaptation. Doubts whether similar conditions without selection can produce similar organs independent of blood relationship: "resemblances due to descent and adaptation can commonly be distinguished".

Discusses luminous insects, electrical organs of fish, thorns and spines.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Henry Lewes
Date:  7 Aug [1868]
Classmark:  DAR 185: 42; Argyll Papers, Inveraray Castle (NRAS 1209/985)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6308

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 1871. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Isidore. 1854–62. Histoire naturelle générale des règnes …
  • … the guinea pig in Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1854–62 , 3: 72. Henry Denny had found that the …

From Robert Russell   27 February 1868

Summary

A reply to CD’s inquiry in Gardeners’ Chronicle [Collected papers 2: 135]. The proportion of females to males in lambs of highland black-faced sheep.

Sends paper on conditions that favour predominance of plants.

Author:  Robert Russell
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 Feb 1868
Classmark:  DAR 85: B21; DAR 86: C16
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5945

Matches: 1 hit

  • … the United States, Canada, and Cuba in 1854 and published a book on the climate of North …

From A. R. Wallace   16 August [1868]

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Summary

The problem of sterility, and its relation to natural selection.

George Bentham’s support of Darwinism.

Author:  Alfred Russel Wallace
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Aug [1868]
Classmark:  DAR 106: B63–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6318

Matches: 1 hit

  • … s time in the Malay Archipelago between 1854 and 1862. Wallace probably refers to work …

To J. D. Hooker   28 July [1868]

Summary

Sorry to hear of baby’s illness.

Comments on statement that belief in natural selection is passing away. Common descent of species is almost universally accepted now, and this is more important. In large part acceptance is due to Origin. Discusses reception of and interest in Origin in various countries.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  28 July [1868]
Classmark:  DAR 94: 80–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6292

Matches: 1 hit

  • … polarity, see Correspondence vol.  5, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 7 July [1854] and n.  9. …

From Otto Staudinger   15 May 1868

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Summary

Has often thought CD would find vast material for his ideas in study of entomology and Lepidoptera. His price-list of specimens proves only that collectors of Lepidoptera catch more males than females, not that there are more. He accounts for this by the less active habits of the females. [See Descent 1: 312.]

Author:  Otto Staudinger
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 May 1868
Classmark:  DAR 82: A103-6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6174

Matches: 2 hits

  • … entomology/lepindex. Staudinger, Otto. 1854. De sesiis agri Berolinensis: dissertatio …
  • … wrote on the Sesiidae (Sesiae; see Staudinger 1854 and 1856). The snailcase bagworm, Fumea …

From Sam Sanday to W. B. Tegetmeier   29 October 1868

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Summary

Information on proportion of sexes born in sheep.

Author:  Samuel (Sam) Sanday
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  29 Oct 1868
Classmark:  DAR 85: B22–23
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6441

Matches: 1 hit

  • … 87. —111 1852. — 106. —88. 1853. — 99. —97 1854 — 102. —105 1855 — 71. —84 1856 — 70 —73 …

From J. D. Hooker   [23 December 1868]

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Summary

T. H. Farrer’s paper is capital.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [23 Dec 1868]
Classmark:  DAR 102: 247; Linnean Society of London MS. SP 56
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6511

Matches: 1 hit

  • … November 1868] and n.  7. See J.  D.  Hooker 1854 , 1: 37. In a later paper on the topic, …

From ?   6 April 1868

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Summary

Gives details of some points that occurred to him while reading Variation, including observations on horses, cattle, silkworms, and hereditary baldness and disease.

Author:  Unidentified
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Apr 1868
Classmark:  DAR 159: 139
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6097

Matches: 1 hit

  • … it. First with regard to dun horses. About 1854 or 55 I was visiting a friend a farmer in …
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Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter

Summary

The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … cirripedes and culminated in  Living Cirripedia  (1854) and  Fossil Cirripedia  (1854), again …
  • … series of letters pertaining to the Royal Society. In April 1854, when his cirripede study was …
  • … indicated by his comment in a letter to Hooker on 29 [May 1854] : ‘Very far from disagreeing with …
  • … Back to species theory In September 1854, as soon as the final proofs of the last barnacle …
  • … do as I wish it Throughout the correspondence of 1854 and 1855, the overwhelming …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … [24 July 1842] To P. G. King,  21 February 1854 : ‘I live in the country about 16 miles …

Scientific Practice

Summary

Specialism|Experiment|Microscopes|Collecting|Theory Letter writing is often seen as a part of scientific communication, rather than as integral to knowledge making. This section shows how correspondence could help to shape the practice of science, from…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 1587 — Darwin, C. R. to Huxley, T. H., 2 Sept [1854] Darwin mentions that the second …
  • … of creation in [ Br. & Foreign Med.-Chir. Rev. 13 (1854)], but notes that he himself is …
  • … Letter 1592 — Darwin, C. R. to Huxley, T. H., 13 Sept [1854] Letter 1635 — Darwin, …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 23 hits

  • … [Wellesley 1832] Sir. W. Nott’s Life [W. Nott 1854].— [DAR *119: 15v.] From …
  • … de la Boheme [Barrande 1852–1911] must be deeply studied 1854 The Zoologist by E. Newman [ …
  • … [Pepys 1825] (Read).— Sir W. Notts life [W. Nott 1854] read [DAR *128: 177] …
  • … r . Nott & Gliddon: Trübner & Co [J. C. Nott and Gliddon 1854] (read) A Lecture by …
  • … not published but reported fully in Literary Gazette Sept 30 1854 91 Agricult. Journal …
  • … d’un Naturaliste A. de Quatrefages [Quatrefages de Bréau 1854]. (light reading) (??) read …
  • … Domestic animals. 94 Lloyd Scandinavian Adventures 1854 [L. Lloyd 1854]. praised in …
  • … sur les Migration des Vegetaux 4 to  Pamphlet [Godron 1854] (read) Journal of Asiatic Soc. …
  • … specially of central platform of France 8 fr. [Lecoq 1854–8] Read Journal de la Soc. Imp. d …
  • … Sir J. Lubbock. member Ferguson on Poultry [Ferguson 1854], recommended by M r  Brent, but …
  • … D r . Badham “Ancient & Modern Tattle” on Fish [Badham 1854]. M r  Tegetmeier says very …
  • … (read) From Nott & Gliddon [J. C. Nott and Gliddon 1854] Roselini Monumenta [ …
  • … Carboniferous strata, translated in Bull. General [Heer 1854].— Hooker has it.— Very important …
  • … I ought to read Murchinson’s Siluria [Murchison 1854]— I  must  read it. & buy it.— …
  • … W. R. Wilde in Dublin University Magazine early month of 1854 on food of Irish. ( Pig ) [Wilde] …
  • … translated into French by Gaudin—with additions [Heer 1854]. Archives du Museum [ Archives …
  • … Himmalaya [T. Thomson 1852] [DAR 128: 7] 1854 Jan 11 th . Pulsky Red, …
  • … 1848]. March 7 th . Hooker’s Himmalaya [Hooker 1854].— —— 23 Stansbury. Exploration …
  • … July 3 d . Sir B. B. Psychological Essays [Brodie] 1854] —— Duval Histoire du Pommier, …
  • … Isidore Geoffroy St. Hilaire [I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1854–62] Tome I [DAR 128: 9] …
  • … Williams Missionary in T. del Fuego [Hamilton 1854] March 28 th . Sir G. Stephens Lectures …
  • … Richardson 1784] (poor) [DAR 128: 10] 1854.  Microscopical Journal [ …
  • … 1855. Wollastons Insecta Maderensia [Wollaston 1854] —— Johnston Physical Atlas [A. K. …

Darwin and the Church

Summary

The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Lubbock, the principal landowner in Down, in a letter of 1854 in which he said, From all I have seen …
  • … [of the Poor Fund]’ (letter to J. W. Lubbock, 28 March [1854] ). Despite their differences, they …

Living and fossil cirripedia

Summary

Darwin published four volumes on barnacles, the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia, between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on fossil species. Written for a specialist audience, they are among the most challenging and least read of Darwin’s works…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … on the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on …
  • … in manuscript form to the Ray Society at the beginning of 1854 , where it took longer than the ‘ …
  • … to tell his friend Thomas Henry Huxley in early September 1854, ‘ My second volume on the …
  • … Society; the monograph itself was printed in 1854. This volume appears not to have been discussed …
  • … but he wrote to the Palaeontographical Society in February 1854 and the society confirmed that he …

Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles

Summary

Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … sub-class of Crustacea,  Living Cirripedia  (1851, 1854) and  Fossil Cirripedia  (1851, 1854). …
  • … spermatozoa’ attached to the female (Living Cirripedia (1854): 23). Darwin had previously worked out …
  • … from monoecious forms (Living Cirripedia (1851): 214; (1854): 29, 528 n.) and, at another level, to …

Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia

Summary

Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…

Matches: 13 hits

  • … Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. …
  • … In both volumes of Living Cirripedia (1851 and 1854), Darwin devoted an introductory section to …
  • … was best placed among the Lepadidae ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 527–8).^1^1^    Both …
  • … segments are quite aborted . . . ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 562–3)    Indeed, …
  • … be the most natural arrangement. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 588)    The fact that the …
  • … with his figure of the mature animal ( Living Cirripedia (1854), Plate XXV).    Throughout …
  • … (1851): 37–8)    In Living Cirripedia (1854), Darwin ventured to suggest the possible …
  • … by a new and anomalous course. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 151–2)    Crisp (1983) has …
  • … from bisexuality to unisexuality. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 29)^16^    Darwin’s …
  • … merely varieties (Southward 1983). In Living Cirripedia (1854), Darwin clearly stated the …
  • … be found eminently variable. ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 155)    One of the first …
  • … a very direct and curious manner’ ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 529). Modern systematists place …
  • … nature was demonstrated.’ ( Living Cirripedia (1854): 555). See also Rachootin 1984, pp. 235–6.   …

3.2 Maull and Polyblank photo 1

Summary

< Back to Introduction The rise of professional photographic studios in the mid nineteenth century was a key factor in the shaping of Darwinian iconography, but Darwin’s relationship with these firms was from the start a cautious and sometimes a…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … the start a cautious and sometimes a difficult one. In 1854-5 the newly established firm of Henry …
  • … who thought that ‘it was probably taken in the year 1854, but he had never seen it’. A slot in the …
  • … Walker, dated 1912; the photograph itself is here dated 1854, and accompanied by a facsimile of …
  • … Polyblank, photographers 
 date of creation 1854 or early 1855 
 computer-readable …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Dramatist 23 Middelburg 20 june 1854 Middelburg 13 october …
  • …   Deventer 11 september 1854 Deventer 8 march 1936 Haarlem …
  • … Phil.nat.cand   Leiden 18 july 1854 Batavia 8 march 1896 …
  • … University.   Utrecht 16 april 1854 Amsterdam 4 january 1928 …
  • … Phil.nat.cand.   Utrecht 16 april 1854 Amsterdam 4 january …
  • … Phil.nat.stud   Leiden 19 august 1854 Oud-Beijerland 23 …

Before Origin: the ‘big book’

Summary

Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight …
  • … what he came to call his ‘big book’.   In March 1854, six months before he started sorting …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Dramatist 23 Middelburg 20 June 1854 Middelburg 13 October …
  • …   Deventer 11 September 1854 Deventer 8 March 1936 Haarlem …
  • … Phil.nat.cand   Leiden 18 July 1854 Batavia 8 March 1896 …
  • … University.   Utrecht 16 April 1854 Amsterdam 4 January 1928 …
  • … Phil.nat.cand.   Utrecht 16 April 1854 Amsterdam 4 January …
  • … Phil.nat.stud   Leiden 19 August 1854 Oud-Beijerland 23 …

John Murray

Summary

Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … his barnacle books ( Fossil Cirripedia  (1851 and 1854) and  Living Cirripedia  (1851 and 1854)) …

Editorial policy and practice

Summary

Full texts are added to this site four years after the letter is published in the print edition of the Correspondence. Transcriptions are made from the original or a facsimile where these are available. Where they are not, texts are taken from the best…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … used in a strict sense. Thus a letter dated ‘after 8 July 1854’ is judged to have been written very …

Joseph Simms

Summary

The American doctor and author of works on physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874, while he was staying in London. He enclosed a copy of his book Nature’s revelations of character (Simms 1873). He hoped it might 'prove…

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  • … in major cities of the US and Canada on physiognomy in 1854. In 1866 he sought training in anatomy …

Scientific Networks

Summary

Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…

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  • … Letter 1585 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, [Sept 1854] Darwin sends Lubbock a beetle he …

Darwin’s observations on his children

Summary

Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…

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  • … of logical thought and language. On 20 May 1854, Darwin again took over the notebook and, …
  • … a bit of red glass at the garden) 47v.  May 1854. Before tea Ch. asked Lenny P. Have you …
  • … give me a kiss if you like”. 48 [74] May 20— 1854.— I saw a pile of sand lying on the lawn …
  • … I could not help it awfully”.— 49  June 1854— About 9 months ago, Lenny defined being in …
  • … Horace Lenny. When ill with Fever & recovering (Dec 1854) used constantly to ask in the …

Charles Darwin’s letters: a selection 1825-1859

Summary

The letters in this volume span the years from 1825, when Darwin was a student at the University of Edinburgh, to the end of 1859, when the Origin of Species was published. The early letters portray Darwin as a lively sixteen-year-old medical student. Two…

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  • … taxonomic study of the entire order. By this time, 1854, Darwin had become a family man. In …
  • … field notes exist that record the observations made between 1854 and 1861 by five of his children, …

3.3 Maull and Polyblank photo 2

Summary

< Back to Introduction Despite the difficulties that arose in relation to Maull and Polyblank’s first photograph of Darwin, another one was produced, this time showing him in three-quarter view. It was evidently not taken at the same session as the…

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  • … Darwin (with a caption querying the date, and suggesting ‘1854?’). It was reproduced …

Thomas Henry Huxley

Summary

Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a leading Victorian zoologist, science popularizer, and education reformer. He was born in Ealing, a small village west of London, in 1825. With only two years of…

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  • … an appointment as paleontologist to the Geological Survey in 1854. He moved quickly to the inner …
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