To J. de C. Sowerby 10 September [1850]
Summary
New specimens have shown CD he has two distinct species under one name [in Fossil Cirripedia (Lepadidae)]. He adds new figures and suggests deletions. Will come to London when he has proofs.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James de Carle Sowerby |
| Date: | 10 Sept [1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1354 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … To J. de C. Sowerby 10 September [1850] …
- … Society (Mss.B.D25. ) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Sept [1850] James de Carle Sowerby …
- … letter to Richard Owen, 10 September [1850] (calendar number 1356). These specimens were …
- … letter to J. de C. Sowerby, 1 September [1850] , n. 2. The scutum was added ( Fossil …
To J. de C. Sowerby 11 November [1850]
Summary
CD likes the engravings [for Fossil Cirripedia (Lepadidae)] but is distressed by JdeCS’s slow progress and is being pressed by owners to return their specimens.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James de Carle Sowerby |
| Date: | 11 Nov [1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1368 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … To J. de C. Sowerby 11 November [1850] …
- … Society (Mss.B.D25. ) Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 Nov [1850] James de Carle Sowerby …
- … synonym of Stramentum pulchellum . See letter to J. de C. Sowerby, 23 September [1850] . …
- … to Nathaniel Thomas Wetherell, 8 [August 1850] , in which CD requested permission for the …
To W. E. Darwin [1850–4?]
Summary
Two letters have arrived for WED.
Joseph has had two teeth out.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | William Erasmus Darwin |
| Date: | [1850–4?] |
| Classmark: | Christie’s, London (dealers) (17 November 1995) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13799F |
To George Brettingham Sowerby Jr 9 January [1850]
Summary
Sends thanks for a note and returned drawing.
He is sending more text.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | George Brettingham Sowerby, Jr |
| Date: | 9 Jan [1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13843 |
To Richard Owen [January – 23 March 1850]
Summary
CD regrets the trouble RO has had about C. G. Ehrenberg’s parcel.
He is reading On the nature of limbs [1849] with uncommon interest and admires the way Owen worked out the toes.
Also has read On parthenogenesis [1849] with great interest.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Richard Owen |
| Date: | [Jan – 23 Mar 1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1231 |
To Adam White [January–March 1850]
Summary
Requests AW to ask Arthur Adams, who is going on a polar expedition to Lancaster Sound, to collect cirripedes.
Asks location of "Cape Rivers".
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Adam White |
| Date: | [Jan–Mar 1850] |
| Classmark: | Smithsonian Libraries and Archives (Dibner Library of the History of Science and Technology MSS 405 A. Gift of the Burndy Library) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1286 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … To Adam White [January–March 1850] …
- … 405 A. Gift of the Burndy Library) Charles Robert Darwin Down [Jan–Mar 1850] Adam White …
- … Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Samarang (1850). Adam White collaborated with him in the …
- … for the lost Franklin expedition in April 1850. Arthur Adams was not on board, but CD did …
- … s Bay and Barrow Straits, in the years 1850–1851, performed by HM Ships ‘Lady Franklin’ …
From Leonard Darwin [after 14 February 1874]
Summary
Statistics showing rate of decline of population in Sandwich Islands, 1832–72.
| Author: | Leonard Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [after 14 Feb 1874] |
| Classmark: | DAR 90: 8 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8709 |
Matches: 6 hits
- … out of the series L Darwin Top of letter : ‘1850— 78 . 854 ’ pencil End of letter : Year …
- … 1832 130,313 — 1836 108,579 1 . 969= 1 . 97 1850 82,203 4 . 759 1853 71,019 0 . 81
✓ 1860✓ … - … of 1853 The an-decrease percent from 1850 to 1860 is 2 . 01—much more in accordance …
- … that for 1858— is the date right. —4 . 6 1836 —1 . 97 1850 —2 . 01 1860 —2 . 06 1866 —2 . …
- … fell by 11,184 in the three years between 1850 and 1853 and by 3,935 in the seven years …
- … 2d ed. , p. 186, he omitted the figure for 1850. The census dates given by Coan were …
To Robert Fitch 1 February [1850]
Summary
Mentions illness.
Describes work on fossil cirripedes. Asks to keep specimens somewhat longer.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Robert Fitch |
| Date: | 1 Feb [1850] |
| Classmark: | Norwich Castle |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1299 |
To Albany Hancock 12 May [1850]
Summary
Mentions AH’s ["On the boring of the Mollusca into rocks", Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 2d ser. 2 (1848): 225–48]. Discusses anatomy and habits of Lithotrya.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Albany Hancock |
| Date: | 12 May [1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.93) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1327 |
Matches: 4 hits
To J. G. Forchhammer 20 May [1850]
Summary
Thanks JGF for geological information.
Steenstrup’s cirripede specimens have been of great use and interest. CD has now described 33 fossil pedunculated cirripedes.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Johan Georg Forchhammer |
| Date: | 20 May [1850] |
| Classmark: | University of Copenhagen, Mineralogical Museum Archives |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1328 |
To J. de C. Sowerby 4 May [1850]
Summary
The Palaeontographical Society will give him only one plate for foreign species. Work should stop until he knows how many will fit in. He must know what progress has been made.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James de Carle Sowerby |
| Date: | 4 May [1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1324 |
To J. de C. Sowerby 3 March [1850]
Summary
Has lost a good many days and will need another fortnight to finish the pedunculate fossil cirripedes. The Palaeontographical Society will publish the fossil species. "If I was but better in health, I shd work quicker."
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James de Carle Sowerby |
| Date: | 3 Mar [1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1306 |
To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society 5 December [1850]
Summary
Discusses illustrations [for Living Cirripedia 1 (1851)]. Mentions drawings by G. B. Sowerby [Jr].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Edwin Lankester; Ray Society |
| Date: | 5 Dec [1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.98) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1374 |
To Robert Fitch 15 January [1850]
Summary
Discusses fossil cirripede specimens from RF’s collection. Comments on problems of describing their valves.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Robert Fitch |
| Date: | 15 Jan [1850] |
| Classmark: | Norwich Castle |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1291 |
Matches: 4 hits
To Charles Lyell [8 March 1850]
Summary
Comments on CL’s Anniversary address [Q. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 6 (1850): xxvii–lxvi]. Notes CL’s criticism of R. I. Murchison’s catastrophism.
Asks whether there are Lower Cretaceous beds in Scandinavia. Thinks Leopold von Buch must have neglected them.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Lyell, 1st baronet |
| Date: | [8 Mar 1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.92) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1308 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … To Charles Lyell [8 March 1850] …
- … Society (Mss.B.D25.92) Charles Robert Darwin Down [8 Mar 1850] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
- … address [ Q. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 6 (1850): xxvii–lxvi]. Notes CL’s criticism of R. I. …
- … the Geological Society on 15 February 1850 ( C. Lyell 1850b ). Lyell devoted his address …
To Robert Fitch [6 February 1850]
Summary
RF’s specimens have arrived.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Robert Fitch |
| Date: | [6 Feb 1850] |
| Classmark: | Norwich Castle |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1302 |
To J. D. Dana 24 February [1850]
Summary
Regrets delay in sending pamphlets for JDD.
Thanks him for information concerning cirripedes.
Sends thanks to Charles Pickering for information about plant distribution.
Discusses boring species of cirripedes.
Believes Harry D. S. Goodsir mistaken about parasites on Balanus ["Observations on organs of generation in Crustacea", Edinburgh New Philos. J. 36 (1843–4): 183–6]. In fact parasites are the males of the species.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James Dwight Dana |
| Date: | 24 Feb [1850] |
| Classmark: | Yale University Library: Manuscripts and Archives (Dana Family Papers (MS 164) Series 1, Box 2, folder 43) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1305 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … To J. D. Dana 24 February [1850] …
- … Series 1, Box 2, folder 43) Charles Robert Darwin Down 24 Feb [1850] James Dwight Dana …
- … to J. D. Dana, 5 December [1849] . Baird 1850 . CD refers to the complemental males in …
- … letter from Charles Pickering, 9 January 1850 . See letter to J. D. Dana, 5 December [ …
- … Bibliography Baird, William. 1850. The natural history of the British Entomostraca. …
To Robert Fitch 5 May [1850]
Summary
Thanks him for additional fossil cirripede specimens.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Robert Fitch |
| Date: | 5 May [1850] |
| Classmark: | Norwich Castle |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1325 |
To John Higgins 27 May [1850]
Summary
Discusses his account.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Higgins |
| Date: | 27 May [1850] |
| Classmark: | Lincolnshire Archives (HIG/4/2/1/35) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1334 |
To J. S. Bowerbank 10 September [1850]
Summary
Discusses woodcut illustrations [for Fossil Cirripedia, vol. 1]. Wants species descriptions to be in both Latin and English.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James Scott Bowerbank; Palaeontographical Society |
| Date: | 10 Sept [1850] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.96) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1353 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … To J. S. Bowerbank 10 September [1850] …
- … Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Sept [1850] James Scott Bowerbank Palaeontographical Society …
- … of seven guineas to Sowerby on 24 June 1850 for ‘Translation of Specific Descriptions’. CD …
- … An entry in his Account Book of 4 August 1850. reads: ‘Price for correcting Sowerby Latin …
| people | (715) |
| letter | (521) |
| bibliography | (100) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (327) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (35) |
| Blyth, Edward | (13) |
| Gray, Asa | (6) |
| Darwin, Emma | (4) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (180) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (33) |
| Fox, W. D. | (19) |
| Lyell, Charles | (18) |
| Sowerby, J. de C. | (17) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (507) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (68) |
| Lyell, Charles | (22) |
| Fox, W. D. | (21) |
| Sowerby, J. de C. | (17) |
| 1828 | (1) |
| 1832 | (1) |
| 1838 | (1) |
| 1842 | (4) |
| 1843 | (4) |
| 1844 | (4) |
| 1846 | (3) |
| 1847 | (4) |
| 1848 | (6) |
| 1849 | (27) |
| 1850 | (105) |
| 1851 | (27) |
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| 1853 | (17) |
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| 1878 | (3) |
| 1879 | (5) |
| 1880 | (3) |
| 1881 | (6) |
Syms Covington
Summary
When Charles Darwin embarked on the Beagle voyage in 1831, Syms Covington was ‘fiddler & boy to Poop-cabin’. Covington kept an illustrated journal of his observations and experiences on the voyage, noting wildlife, landscapes, buildings and people and,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Covington still assisted Darwin in his work: in 1850 he sent a box of barnacles to London , some …
Have you read the one about....
Summary
... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.
Matches: 1 hits
- … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …
What is an experiment?
Summary
Darwin is not usually regarded as an experimenter, but rather as an astute observer and a grand theorist. His early career seems to confirm this. He began with detailed note-taking, collecting and cataloguing on the Beagle, and edited a descriptive zoology…
Matches: 1 hits
- … the best observers’ ( letter to C. H. L. Woodd , 4 March 1850 ). He made the point more …
Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia
Summary
Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…
Matches: 1 hits
- … occasions in his correspondence with Hooker. On 13 June [1850] , for example, Darwin wrote: …
Darwin and Fatherhood
Summary
Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…
Matches: 1 hits
- … state of indecision’ (Darwin to W. D. Fox, 10 October [1850] ) as he and Emma tried to choose …
Scientific Practice
Summary
Specialism|Experiment|Microscopes|Collecting|Theory Letter writing is often seen as a part of scientific communication, rather than as integral to knowledge making. This section shows how correspondence could help to shape the practice of science, from…
Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter
Summary
The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … when he first wrote out his species essay in full. In 1850, he had written to Hooker ( …
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 26 hits
- … Memoirs of Plumer Ward by Hon Phipps [E. Phipps 1850] L d . Harveys Memoirs [Hervey 1848] …
- … & will lend me— Pickering Races of Man [Pickering 1850]. (has a good chapter). …
- … Collins R.A. [Collins 1848] Phases of Faith [Newman 1850] Burnetts Hist. of own time …
- … Miss. Fennimore Cooper. Rural Scenes in N.A [Cooper 1850] G. Cummings South African Huntsmans …
- … Dana’s Geology. U.S. Expedition [J. D. Dana 1849] 1850 March Forbes Cystideæ & …
- … [Harvey 1849] —— Agassiz Lake Superior [Agassiz 1850] Nov. Memoirs of Pal. Soc [ …
- … 12. Sedgwicks Discourse on Study of Univers [Sedgwick 1850] 28 Steenstrup on …
- … Feb. 3 d . Hutchinson on Dog-breaking [Hutchinson 1850] 27. Chambers. Sanatory Reform [Anon …
- … 5. Collin’s Autobiography [?Collins 1848]. good 1850 . Jan 15 th Lives of …
- … March 16 th . Newman Phases of Faith [Newman 1850] excellent —— Lord Cloncurry Memoirs …
- … 1846] May 20 G. Cumming S. African Hunter [Cumming 1850] goodish July 1 st . …
- … Sept 12 th . B. Franklins life by Sparks [Sparks ed. 1850] very good Oct 3 Martineau …
- … Podrome de Paleantologie stratigraphique [Orbigny 1850–2] 24 fr: 3. vols. The Vegetation of …
- … Danicorum Mammalium Domesticorum by Prof. Benddz [Bendz 1850]— Plates very expensive Coll. of …
- … Anat. der Wirbellosen Thiere. 1848 [K. T. E. von Siebold 1850].— [DAR *128: 180] …
- … Botany, Horticulture, Floriculture and Natural Science ] (1850? 1851?) must positively be read …
- … to aid me on skeletons Knox Races of Mankind [R. Knox 1850] a curious Book. (Blyth). in …
- … of the Horticultural Society of London ]. Vol I. to V. (1850) VI & VII May 27 th . …
- … [Agassiz 1835] —— 30 Bairds Entomostraca [Baird 1850] May 22 d . Madras Journal of …
- … 1853. Jan. 27 th Life of D r . Coombe [Combe 1850]. good Feb. 6. Letters of Ray …
- … Histoire du Pommier, Poirier, Pêcher [Duval 1852, 1849, 1850] —— 27 th . Hist. Nat. Gen. de …
- … Sept. 4. Nunn’s Shipwreck in the Favorite [Nunn 1850] —— 16 Pepys Diary. Vol 1. 2. 3 d …
- … Facultes Interieurs des animaux invertebres [Macquart 1850]. —— 8 th Gosse Naturalist …
- … 1854] —— Johnston Physical Atlas [A. K. Johnston 1850]. March 28 th Sebastian …
- … [DAR 128: 13] Aug. 20 Weber der Taubenfreund 1850 [Weber 1850] Sept. 1 st . Puvis …
- … [Veith 1856].— 3 d Knox Races of Man.— 1850 [R. Knox 1850] 7. Willughby by Ray …
Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles
Summary
Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…
Darwin and the Church
Summary
The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … (Moore 1985; letter to J. S. Henslow, 17 January [1850] and n. 6; and letter to J. B. Innes, …
Living and fossil cirripedia
Summary
Darwin published four volumes on barnacles, the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia, between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on fossil species. Written for a specialist audience, they are among the most challenging and least read of Darwin’s works…
Matches: 6 hits
- … 1853 . Preparing for publication Until 1850, Darwin had probably expected the Ray …
- … I have not yet thought’, Darwin told Bowerbank in January 1850, ‘ your mentioning the Palæont. Soc. …
- … was accepted by the Palaeontographical Society by February 1850 , and in the end, Darwin was …
- … many parcels I have no doubt they wd aid me’. By April 1850, he reported to Steenstrup that he had ‘ …
- … and after requiring late changes by Sowerby in September 1850, told him, ‘ I hope to God I have now …
- … the first fossil volume approached completion in September 1850, Darwin had reported on his progress …
Suggested reading
Summary
Contemporary writing Anon., The English matron: A practical manual for young wives, (London, 1846). Anon., The English gentlewoman: A practical manual for young ladies on their entrance to society, (Third edition, London, 1846). Becker, L. E.…
Matches: 3 hits
Scientific Networks
Summary
Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…
Barnacles
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Darwin and barnacles Darwin’s interest in Cirripedia, a class of marine arthropods, was first piqued by the discovery of an odd burrowing barnacle, which he later named “Mr. Arthrobalanus," while he was…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 1370 —Darwin to Syms Covington, 23 Nov 1850 In this letter, Darwin thanks his …
People featured in the Dutch photograph album
Summary
Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 1 hits
- … myself on you’ ( letter to Wilhelm Dunker, 3 March [1850] ). In the mid-1850s, Darwin was …
People featured in the Dutch photograph album
Summary
List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…
1.3 Thomas Herbert Maguire, lithograph
Summary
< Back to Introduction This striking portrait of Darwin, dating from 1849, belonged to a series of about sixty lithographic portraits of naturalists and other scientists drawn by Thomas Herbert Maguire. They were successively commissioned over a…
Leonard Darwin born
Summary
The Darwins' eighth child and fourth son, Leonard, is born
Matches: 1 hits
- … The Darwins' eighth child and fourth son, Leonard, is born …
Darwin’s observations on his children
Summary
Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…
