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Darwin Correspondence Project

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Darwin Correspondence Project
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From Bartholomew James Sulivan   27 June 1866

Summary

Reports on his health.

Discusses a surveying expedition under Richard Charles Mayne on which his son will be Second Lieutenant; hopes to arrange for them to excavate some bones in the Falklands.

Author:  Bartholomew James Sulivan
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 June 1866
Classmark:  DAR 177: 286
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5133

Matches: 5 hits

  • … 4 February 1866  and n.  4). In January 1845, while commanding HMS Philomel , Sulivan had …
  • … Correspondence vol.  3, letters from B.  J. Sulivan, 13 January – 12 February 1845 , and …
  • … 4 July 1845 ). Six casks of bones were collected and sent to Richard Owen , who described …
  • … see Correspondence vol.  3, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [4 June 1845] , and letter to C.   …
  • … G.  Ehrenberg, 29 October [1845] . For Sulivan’s interest in returning to the site, see …

From J. D. Hooker   [24 July 1866]

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Summary

Working on "Insular floras" lecture for BAAS Nottingham meeting [see 5135].

Puzzled at distribution of Madeiran and Canaries plants and insects.

Supports Forbes’s Atlantis hypothesis [see 956], which he has reread and to which he will allude.

Wollaston disappointing on Madeiran insects.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [24 July 1866]
Classmark:  DAR 205.2 (letters): 239
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5165

Matches: 4 hits

  • … dispersed during the Miocene period ( Forbes 1845  and 1846). For extensive discussions of …
  • … British Association for the Advancement of Science ( Forbes 1845 ; see also n.  8, above). …
  • … Geological Survey of Great Britain between 1845 and 1847 (L.  Huxley ed.  1918, 1: 206– …
  • … letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [mid-July 1845] ). In his letter of [before 17 March 1855] ( …

To Robert Hunt   3 May [1866]

Summary

Encloses a sketch of the principal events in his life [for RH’s memoir on CD in Walford, ed., Portraits of men of eminence (1863–7)].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Robert Hunt
Date:  3 May [1866]
Classmark:  Natural History Museum, Library and Archives (tipped into General Special Collections MSS HUN/49)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5524

Matches: 3 hits

  • … the title of “Journal of researches” &c in 1845 & has since been several times reprinted. …
  • … Structure & distribution of Coral Reefs”. In 1845, “Geological Observations on Volcanic …
  • … in 1840. A second edition was printed in 1845 and reprinted in 1852 and 1860. See Freeman  …

To George Henslow   15 [June 1866]

Summary

CD believes most strongly in reversion. J. G. Kölreuter’s, K. F. v Gärtner’s, and some of Charles Naudin’s cases leave no doubt in his mind. Forgets whether Herbert gave cases but in conversation he certainly believed in it. Thinks Gärtner is right to say reversion occurs only rarely in plant hybrids which have not been cultivated. [See 5120.]

Variation

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Henslow
Date:  15 [June 1866]
Classmark:  DAR Library: tipped into George Henslow’s copy of Variation
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5123A

Matches: 2 hits

  • … see Correspondence vol.  2), and visited him in 1845 and 1847 (see Correspondence vol.   …
  • … 3, letter to Charles Lyell, 8 October [1845] and n.  5, and Correspondence vol.  4, letter …

To Thomas Rivers   27 April [1866]

Summary

Asks for racemes of Cytisus purpureus-elongatus and C. adami for comparison, because Robert Caspary argues that C. adami is not a common hybrid.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Rivers
Date:  27 Apr [1866]
Classmark:  Remember When Auctions (dealers) (Catalogue 41, 16 March 1997)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5070

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Surrey and Sussex. London: W. Kelly & Co. 1845– 78. Variation : The variation of animals …

From Erasmus Alvey Darwin   17 February [1866]

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Summary

Suggests two ways of financing what Susan will owe Catherine’s estate.

Author:  Erasmus Alvey Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Feb [1866]
Classmark:  DAR 105: B53–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5009

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Erasmus’s sister. In his will of 27 September 1845 (Department of Manuscripts and Records, …

From T. H. Huxley   6 July 1866

Summary

Has taken memorial to G. H. Richards, the Hydrographer. He favours the proposal and will instruct Capt. Mayne. THH will communicate with Dr Cunningham, the naturalist for the expedition.

Author:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 July 1866
Classmark:  DAR 166: 311
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5149

Matches: 1 hit

  • … along the Río Gallegos in Patagonia in 1845 (see letter from B.  J.  Sulivan, 27 June  …

From Frederick Smith   March 1866

Summary

Discusses the stinging habits of wasps and bees and whether or not they leave their sting in the wound.

Author:  Frederick Smith
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  Mar 1866
Classmark:  DAR 177: 197
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5023

Matches: 1 hit

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1845. ML : More letters of Charles Darwin: a …

To John Murray   22 February [1866]

Summary

CD is pleased [about need for a new edition of Origin] but even more grieved – for it will delay his next book [Variation]. Progress of natural history will make many changes necessary in Origin. Nevertheless, proceeds with 32 more woodcuts for Variation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  22 Feb [1866]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff. 139–142)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5016

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Surrey and Sussex. London: W. Kelly & Co. 1845–78. Variation : The variation of animals …

From Rudolf Suchsland   2 April 1866

Summary

In response to a letter from RS’s father [translation enclosed] Schweizerbart has suggested H. B. Geinitz revise Bronn’s edition of the Origin, but RS doubts he is suitable.

Author:  Georg Rudolf Emil (Rudolf) Suchsland
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Apr 1866
Classmark:  DAR 177: 272
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5045

Matches: 1 hit

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1845. Meyer, Jürgen Bona. 1866. Der Darwinismus. [ …

To J. D. Hooker   30 June [1866]

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Summary

Has heard from B. J. Sulivan about the fossils at Gallegos, Patagonia. Would be a great haul for palaeontology if Duke of Somerset would encourage Capt. Mayne to collect them [on survey of Magellan Strait].

Tells JDH of a new map of world that he might use in his lecture [on "Insular floras", BAAS, 1866, J. Bot. Br. & Foreign 5 (1867): 23–31; Gard. Chron. (1867): 6, 27, 50, 75].

Impressed by H. Spencer’s last number, but each suggestion would require years of work to be of use to science.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  30 June [1866]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 292
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5135

Matches: 1 hit

  • … discovered bones of fossil mammals in 1845. CD refers to James Young Falkland Sulivan , …

From E. A. Darwin   11 October [1866]

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Summary

Disposal of Susan’s effects. Legacies to CD’s children. EAD has taken the letters and papers and asked Henry [Parker] to forward the George Richmond pictures of CD and Emma.

Caroline looks "miserably ill".

Author:  Erasmus Alvey Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Oct [1866]
Classmark:  DAR 105: B48–51
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5238

Matches: 1 hit

  • … for CD, at Beesby, near Claythorpe, in 1845 (see Correspondence vol.  3). Henry Parker was …

From J. D. Hooker   2 July 1866

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Summary

Suggests a memorial from Huxley, Murchison, and other geologists on the Gallegos fossils. He will speak privately to Duke of Somerset.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 July 1866
Classmark:  DAR 102: 79–80
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5139

Matches: 1 hit

  • … he had discovered bones of fossil mammals in 1845. See also letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30  …

To the Lords of the Admiralty   [2–4 July 1866]

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Summary

Petition earnestly requesting that a ship surveying the Strait of Magellan collect fossil bones in the south of Patagonia.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Admiralty
Date:  [2–4 July 1866]
Classmark:  DAR 96: 25–6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5142

Matches: 1 hit

  • … had discovered the bones in January 1845, while commanding HMS Philomel (see letter from …

To Gardeners’ Chronicle   [before 11 August 1866]

Summary

Describes the difficulties of crossing papilionaceous flowers. Believes the lack of success is a consequence of the need for early castration and successive applications of pollen on the stigma. Gives details of a method he has used to cross such flowers successfully.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gardeners’ Chronicle
Date:  [before 11 Aug 1866]
Classmark:  Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette (1866): 756
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5189

Matches: 1 hit

  • … vol.  2) and had visited Herbert in 1845 ( Correspondence vol.  3, Appendix II). Erythrina …

To Asa Gray   16 April [1866]

Summary

AG’s second article on Climbing plants [Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 41 (1866): 125–30].

Fritz Müller’s observations on Rubiaceae.

New edition [4th] of Origin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  16 Apr [1866]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (96)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5057

Matches: 1 hit

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1845. McKitrick, Eric. 1988. Andrew Johnson and …

From Fritz Müller   13 February 1866

Summary

Thanks CD for Journal of researches.

Insect genus Elater is an exception to the rule that all luminous organs give out a green light.

Gives some observations on climbing plants at Itajahy.

His study of orchids has convinced him of the value of CD’s book.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Feb 1866
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 79–80
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5004A

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1845. Journal of researches : Journal of researches …

From J. D. Hooker   28 September 1866

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Summary

Drosera and Erica massoni have been sent.

Had heard of Agassiz’s theory but not that CD’s theory had raised it.

JDH wrote the article on A. Murray.

Frankland’s lecture too much for him.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  28 Sept 1866
Classmark:  DAR 102: 106–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5222

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of the incumbent, Robert Graham , in 1845. For a detailed explanation of the council’s …

From Clair James Grece   12 November 1866

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Summary

Sends clipping about a pig that has cast its outer skin.

Identifies himself as having a year or two ago pointed out a passage from Aristotle showing that natural selection was known to the ancients.

Author:  Clair James Grece
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Nov 1866
Classmark:  DAR 165: 220 and 220a
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5276

Matches: 1 hit

  • … viz. , Essex, Herts, Kent, Middlesex, Surrey and Sussex. London: W. Kelly & Co. 1845–78. …

From J. D. Hooker   7 August 1866

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Summary

Is attempting to sum up the two theories impartially and must raise all the difficulties with each. More on his differences with CD.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  7 Aug 1866
Classmark:  DAR 102: 91–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5183

Matches: 1 hit

  • … 1999 , pp.  30–4, 84). Between 1843 and 1845, CD and Hooker had corresponded about the …
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Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles

Summary

Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Species theory In November 1845, Charles Darwin wrote to his friend and confidant Joseph …
  • …  vol. 3, letter to J. D. Hooker, [5 or 12 November 1845] ). In the event, the ‘little zoology’ …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … and anticlinal lines of a geological formation,  3 March 1845 Edward Forbes's " …

Darwin in letters, 1844–1846: Building a scientific network

Summary

The scientific results of the Beagle voyage still dominated Darwin's working life, but he broadened his continuing investigations into the nature and origin of species. Far from being a recluse, Darwin was at the heart of British scientific society,…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … his  Journal of researches  for a second edition in 1845, having already provided corrections in …
  • … vice-presidents in 1844 and remaining on the council from 1845 onwards; he was a conscientious …
  • … attacked the work vehemently in the  Edinburgh Review  (1845), while other colleagues like Edward …
  • … his cousin William Darwin Fox in a letter of [24 April 1845] , he felt he ought to be both …
  • … of his  Journal of researches  for a second edition in 1845. At Lyell’s recommendation, …
  • … the original publisher, to John Murray, and throughout 1845 Darwin worked hard to provide manuscript …
  • … on board the Beagle  back to Tierra del Fuego. By 1845, Darwin was in full command of a …
  • … Distribution’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [10 February 1845] ) and quick to make use of the young …

Darwin’s hothouse and lists of hothouse plants

Summary

Darwin became increasingly involved in botanical experiments in the years after the publication of Origin. The building of a small hothouse - a heated greenhouse - early in 1863  greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific…

Matches: 1 hits

  • …  vol. 3, letter to Charles Lyell, 8 October [1845] ). Having indulged his senses, Darwin …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … he was working (Darwin to his wife Emma,  [7-8 February 1845] ). Although Darwin did not usually …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 19 hits

  • … on Instinct [F. G. Cuvier 1822] read Flourens Edit [Flourens 1845] read L. Jenyns paper on …
  • … 1834–9] Carlyles Oliver Cromwell [Carlyle 1845] (read) Keppells(?) voyage to Borneo …
  • … Exploring Expedition towards the Rocky Mountains [Frémont 1845]. (amusing extracts). perhaps for …
  • … America  by A. Downing Wiley & Putnam. 14 s . [Downing 1845] (Brit. Museum) (read) good …
  • … [DAR *119: 22] Eyeres Travels [E. J. Eyre 1845] very amusing Tschudi’s Travels in …
  • … Campbells Lives of Chancellors [J. Campbell 1845–7] last vol. Ludlows Memoirs …
  • … Murchisons Russia [Murchison, Verneuil, and Keyserling 1845] (read) Agassiz’s Works …
  • … Wilkes Expedition.  £ 3. 3 s  [Wilkes 1845] order at L. Library. read Botanical Soc. of …
  • … Soc. of Neuchatel on Jura. 1846, or 7, or 8 [?Marcou 1845]. 46   Morris  good for me.— …
  • … 1853] Vol. V of Campbells Chancellors [J. Campbell 1845–7] Lives of the Lindsays …
  • … [I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1832–7] Wilkes [Wilkes 1845]. Voyage Vol I. to V Apr …
  • … May. Blanco White. Auto-biography [Blanco y Crespo 1845].— 24 Improvisatore [Andersen 1845] …
  • … Aug. 5 th  Lyells Travels in N. America [Lyell 1845] Oct. Cosmos [A. von Humboldt 1845–8]. …
  • … Dec. 10 Ray. Society. Vol I. Reports [Ray Society 1845].— 20 D r  Badham insect Life …
  • … Feb 6 Explanations by Author of Vestiges [Chambers 1845] —— Bronn’s Gesickte [Bronn 1842–3] 2 …
  • … [Twamley 1844] —— Whewell on Education [Whewell 1845–52]. Dec: 26. Watson History of …
  • … [Heber 1828] —— 31 Kitto on Deafness [Kitto 1845] —— the French in Algiers [Lamping …
  • … 1841] April 10 Wagners Anatomy by Tulk [Wagner 1845] (half through) —— 24 Steenstrup …
  • … th  Elie de Beaumont Lecons Geologie [Élie de Beaumont 1845] skimmed. June 17 th . Downing …

John Murray

Summary

Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … hundred letters from Darwin, from his first negotiations in 1845 until his final years. Although …
  • … came to discuss a second edition, probably at the end of 1845, Darwin was not happy with Colburn’s …
  • … Colonial Library in three monthly parts (July to September 1845) before being reissued in a single …
  • … you have transacted the business with me’ (27 August [1845] Letter 908 ). Thus began the business …

Richard Matthews

Summary

Richard Matthews was 21 years old when he stepped aboard the Beagle, destined for a lonely career as a missionary in Tierra del Fuego. The Church Missionary Society had arranged for him to accompany the three Fuegians (Fuegia Basket, Jemmy Button, and York…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … character), determined to stay with the Fuegians’ (Darwin 1845, p. 223). When all seemed well the …
  • … just in time to save his life’, Darwin recorded (Darwin 1845, p. 226). Matthews was back on …
  • … death in 1893. References: Darwin, C. R. 1845. Journal of researches into the …

Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep

Summary

In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … interest in the problem, and had experienced the 1845 potato blight that destroyed much of the …
  • … vol. 3, letter to J. S. Henslow, 28 October [1845] ). He was aware of Torbitt’s ambitions, having …

Orundellico (Jemmy Button)

Summary

Orundellico was one of the Yahgan, or canoe people of the southern part of Tierra del Fuego.  He was the fourth hostage taken by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, in 1830 following the theft of the small surveying boat. This fourteen-year old boy was…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … often visit Darwin and say ‘Poor, poor fellow!’ (Darwin 1845, p. 207). When Orundellico …
  • … lamented ‘so complete and grievous a change ’ (Darwin 1845, p. 228). The clean, stout lad was now ‘ …
  • …  London: Hodder and Stoughton. Darwin, C. R. 1845. Journal of researches into the natural …

Journal of researches

Summary

Within two months of the Beagle’s arrival back in England in October 1836, Darwin, although busy with distributing his specimens among specialists for description, and more interested in working on his geological research, turned his mind to the task of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … a penny from Colburn, Darwin had few scruples when, in 1845, at Lyell’s suggestion, he asked whether …
  • … were issued separately between late June and late August 1845, with the slightly amended title …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of Groningen 32 Groningen 7 december 1845 Groningen 4 july …
  • … Merchant (wood) 32 Middelburg 1845   1923   …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of Groningen 32 Groningen 7 December 1845 Groningen 4 July …
  • … Merchant (wood) 32 Middelburg 1845   1923   …

4.51 Frederick Holder 'Life and Work'

Summary

< Back to Introduction A popular biography of Darwin for young readers by the American naturalist Charles Frederick Holder, published in 1891, sought to present him as ‘an example to the youth of all lands’ (p. v). Thus ‘our hero’ was shown to have…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Captain Fitz Roy, R.N. , 2 nd ed. (London: John Murray, 1845), pp. 22, 90, 182, and 384. Francis …

George Darwin born

Summary

The Darwins' son George Howard Darwin born

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The Darwins' son George Howard Darwin born …

Second species sketch

Summary

Darwin finishes an expanded sketch of his species theory, first drafted in 1842

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Darwin finishes an expanded sketch of his species theory, first drafted in 1842 …

Yokcushlu (Fuegia Basket)

Summary

Yokcushlu was one of the Alakaluf, or canoe people from the western part of Tierra del Fuego. She was one of the hostages seized by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, after the small boat used for surveying the narrow inlets of the coast of Tierra del…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … bears a double interpretation) some days on board’ (Darwin 1845, p. 228 n.).  Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • …  London: Hodder and Stoughton. Darwin, C. R. 1845. Journal of researches into the natural …

Living and fossil cirripedia

Summary

Darwin published four volumes on barnacles, the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia, between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on fossil species. Written for a specialist audience, they are among the most challenging and least read of Darwin’s works…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … In the course of discussions about species in the autumn of 1845, his close friend Joseph Dalton …

Introduction to the Satire of FitzRoy's Narrative of the Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle

Summary

'a humble toadyish follower…': Not all pictures of Darwin during the Beagle voyage are flattering.  Published here for the first time is a complete transcript of a satirical account of the Beagle’s brief visit in 1836 to the Cocos Keeling islands…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … in roman numerals. Others relate to Darwin’s 1839 or 1845 volumes and Belcher’s Narrative of the …
  • … The British press was decidedly unsympathetic. Recalled in 1845, he returned home in humiliation as …
  • … world, and had copies of both the 1839 Narrative and the 1845 second edition titled Journal of …
  • … Borneo, and the Philippines in HMS Samarang from 1842 to 1845, and ended his naval career with …

Darwin’s observations on his children

Summary

Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … family had increased by five: George Howard, born 9 July 1845; Elizabeth, born 8 July 1847; Francis, …
  • … her familiar name. [64] George Howard Darwin, born 1845. [65] Joseph Parslow, butler …
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