To Richard Kippist 13 February [1861?]
Summary
Gives notice of returning books by a carrier and thanks for assistance.
Asks whether Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville’s Ostéographie (1839–64) includes rabbits or hares.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Richard Kippist |
| Date: | 13 Feb [1861?] |
| Classmark: | James Lowe Autographs (dealer) (Cat. 39) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3061A |
From Daniel Oliver [before 3 November 1861]
Summary
List of references on orchid structure and fertilisation.
| Author: | Daniel Oliver |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [before Nov 1861] |
| Classmark: | DAR 104: 225–6 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3039 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … bei den Bastardpflanzen. Bot. Zeit. 1839. 703. (Cause of infertility to be sought only in …
- … Baillon 1854 . Guépin 1853 . Ménière 1855. Fermond 1841 . Fermond 1840 . Wiegmann 1839 . …
- … Botanique de France 1: 367-71. Wiegmann, A. F. A. 1839. [Über die Unfruchtbarkeit bei den …
- … Bastardpflanzen. ] Flora oder allgemeine botanische Zeitung 22 (1839): 703. …
To Luke Hindmarsh 3 May [1861]
Summary
Asks how many wild Chillingham cattle are killed each year. Interested in rate of increase.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Luke Hindmarsh |
| Date: | 3 May [1861] |
| Classmark: | DAR 145 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3137 |
To H. W. Bates 25 September [1861]
Summary
Recommends publisher for HWB; admires J. van Voorst but suggests Murray.
In reply to HWB’s letter [missing], comments on neuters and mimicry.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Henry Walter Bates |
| Date: | 25 Sept [1861] |
| Classmark: | Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3266 |
To Gardeners’ Chronicle [before 14 September 1861]
Summary
Requests orchid specimens from Arethuseae division for his investigation of the many contrivances by which orchids are fertilised by insect agency.
Asks whether Charles Morren has published on the fertilisation of orchids by insect agency.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Gardeners’ Chronicle |
| Date: | [before 14 Sept 1861] |
| Classmark: | Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 14 September 1861, p. 831 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3252 |
To Ludwig Rütimeyer 5 December [1861]
Summary
Admires LR’s book [Die Fauna der Pfahlbauten (1861)].
Will attempt to arrange for skull of wild white Chillingham cattle to be sent by Earl of Tankerville.
CD has come to same conclusion as LR on zebus.
CD’s MS of Variation is half-prepared.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Karl Ludwig (Ludwig) Rütimeyer |
| Date: | 5 Dec [1861] |
| Classmark: | Universitätsbibliothek Basel, Handschriften (G IV 91, 3) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3339 |
To Peter Martin Duncan? 18 July [1861]
Summary
He is no longer able to answer any of the correspondent’s questions concerning corals.
Places "much trust" in J. D. Dana.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Peter Martin Duncan |
| Date: | 18 July [1861] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.257) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3212 |
To Charles Lyell 23 [October 1861]
Summary
Comments especially on the "intermediate shelf" problem of Glen Roy; views of Jamieson and Milne. CD "cannot help a sneaking hope that the sea might have formed the horizontal shelves".
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Lyell, 1st baronet |
| Date: | 23 [Oct 1861] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.269) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3295 |
From Emma Darwin [June 1861]
Summary
Describes her compassion for all his sufferings and writes of her wish that his gratitude could be offered to heaven as well as to herself. To her, the only relief is to try to believe that suffering and illness are from God’s hand "to help us to exalt our minds & to look forward with hope to a future state".
| Author: | Emma Wedgwood; Emma Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [June 1861] |
| Classmark: | DAR 210.8: 35 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3169 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … letter from Emma Darwin , [ c . February 1839]). See Emma Darwin (1915) 2: 173–5. Isaiah …
To P. L. Sclater 21 [April 1861]
Summary
Asks about species of Opetiorhynchus.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Philip Lutley Sclater |
| Date: | 21 [Apr 1861] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.245) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3123 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Darwin. London: Smith, Elder and Co. 1839–41. Sclater, Phillip Lutley. 1860–1. Catalogue …
From J. O. Westwood 26 September 1861
Summary
Has found the reference to Charles Morren’s paper, "On the agency of insects in causing sterility in flowers" [Proc. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1 (1836): xliv–xlv].
Common white butterflies remove pollen-masses with their tarsi from plants of the Asclepiadaceae.
| Author: | John Obadiah Westwood |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 26 Sept 1861 |
| Classmark: | DAR 181: 89 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3267 |
To Charles Lyell [15 September 1861]
Summary
Discusses CL’s correspondence with T. F. Jamieson. Comments on Jamieson’s theory that the roads of Glen Roy were formed by a glacial lake. Discusses elevation of Scotland during the glacial period.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Lyell, 1st baronet |
| Date: | [15 Sept 1861] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.264) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3254 |
To Charles Lyell 20 October [1861]
Summary
Continued discussion of Jamieson’s Glen Roy theory. Mentions river erosion of glaciers. Quotes from old letter to CL [1116].
Is working hard on orchids; fears subject is too complex for the public.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Lyell, 1st baronet |
| Date: | 20 Oct [1861] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.268) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3291 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … not, as CD had maintained in a paper of 1839, beaches made by the sea at different periods …
To P. L. Sclater 4 May [1861]
Summary
CD is unable to locate his specimens of two Falkland Island birds [Opetiorhynchus].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Philip Lutley Sclater |
| Date: | 4 May [1861] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.246) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3138 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Charles Darwin. London: Smith, Elder and Co. 1839–41. Correspondence : The correspondence …
To Bartholomew James Sulivan 24 May [1861]
Summary
Thanks BJS for account of Mendoza earthquake.
FitzRoy sent CD the last London Review [& Weekly J. Polit.] and he read the article on Genesis, but feels it is an attempt to reconcile the irreconcilable.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Bartholomew James Sulivan |
| Date: | 24 May [1861] |
| Classmark: | Sulivan family (private collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3156 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … By Charles Darwin. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. Origin : On the origin of species by means …
To John Murray 21 January [1861]
Summary
Thinks third edition of Origin should advertise "additions and corrections", for the additions are important. They will add 30 pages to the book; there will also be a short historical sketch. Asks for some copies for friends.
Also curious to know how Journal of researches has sold. The new issue seemed a rash venture to him.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Murray |
| Date: | 21 Jan [1861] |
| Classmark: | National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.98–99) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3048 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … By Charles Darwin. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. Origin 3d ed. : On the origin of species …
From J. D. Hooker [30 December 1861 or 6 January 1862]
Summary
Glad CD has given up on Acropera ovules.
Doubts phanerogams less different in extreme forms [than Crustacea].
No systematic parallelism between plants and animals.
Offers list of Arctic plants with their colours. Asks CD whether it is useful to add colour to [descriptions of] plants.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [30 Dec] 1861 or [6 Jan] 1862 |
| Classmark: | DAR 101: 3–4 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3375 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … ships Erebus and Terror , in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir James …
From Jeffries Wyman 8 January [1861]
Summary
Responds to CD’s inquiries about rattlesnake.
| Author: | Jeffries Wyman |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 8 Jan [1861] |
| Classmark: | DAR 89: 18–21 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3045 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Charles Darwin. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. Natural selection : Charles Darwin’s Natural …
To T. F. Jamieson 6 September [1861]
Summary
Has read TFJ’s letter on Glen Roy. His arguments seem conclusive. CD gives up the ghost. "My paper is one long gigantic blunder." How rash it is "to argue that because a case is not one thing it must be some second thing which happens to be known to the writer".
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Thomas Francis Jamieson |
| Date: | 6 Sept [1861] |
| Classmark: | National Library of Scotland (MS. 5406, ff. 167–8) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3247 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Transactions of the Royal Society of London (1839): pt 1, 39–81. The paper presented …
From H. W. Bates 30 September 1861
Summary
Discusses the mimicry of the Volucella flies, and the bees and wasps they mimic. Compares it with the different object of mimicry in butterflies.
Refers to incompleteness of Cuthbert Collingwood’s paper [? "On homophormism, or organic representative forms", Proc. Liverpool Lit. & Philos. Soc. 14 (1860): 181–216].
Thanks CD for help in selecting a publisher for his book [The naturalist on the river Amazons (1863)].
| Author: | Henry Walter Bates |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 30 Sept 1861 |
| Classmark: | DAR 205.10: 92 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3271 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … By Charles Darwin. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. Macquart, Justin Pierre Marie. 1834–5. …
| Darwin, C. R. | (21) |
| Bates, H. W. | (2) |
| Clarke, W. B. (b) | (1) |
| Darwin, Emma | (1) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (1) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (10) |
| Lyell, Charles | (6) |
| Murray, John (b) | (3) |
| Sclater, P. L. | (2) |
| Bates, H. W. | (1) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (31) |
| Lyell, Charles | (7) |
| Bates, H. W. | (3) |
| Murray, John (b) | (3) |
| Clarke, W. B. (b) | (2) |
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 21 hits
- … to read in Notebook C ( Notebooks , pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in …
- … in the Royal Society of London (Royal Society of London 1839) has been heavily marked, and quite a …
- … Pierquin, published in Paris (in 2 vols.), so long ago as 1839 4 [Pierquin de Gembloux 1839]. …
- … 1814–29] D r Royle on Himmalaya types [Royle 1839] (read) Smellie Philosophy of …
- … 12 by Owen in Encyclop. of Anat. & Physiology [R. Owen 1839] Dampier probably worth …
- … on subjects of science connected with Nat. Theol: [Brougham 1839] on instinct & animal …
- … 1808] Brit. & Foreign Medical Rev. N o 14. Ap 1839 [Anon. 1839b] Rev. on Walker on …
- … Smart 17 Beginning of a New School of metaphysic. [Smart 1839] about connection of language & …
- … Babbington on Flora of Channel Isl d . [Babington 1839] says he has remarks on affinities of …
- … 1816 [Gallesio 1816]— quoted by D r . Holland [Holland 1839] (p. 27) as good— Decandoelle …
- … [Thacker 1834–5] p. 291 Athenæum 1839. p. 546— M r Conrad has published …
- … Arboretum [Loudon 1838] in Edinburgh Review July 1839 [Anon. 1839a]— there are pencil remarks on it. …
- … would contain facts for me [DAR *119: 9v.] 1839. Decemb. Advertised . …
- … Dog with illustrations of about 100 varieties [?C. H. Smith 1839–40] 24 Flourens “Resume …
- … publishing Travels into interior of N. America [Wied-Neuwied 1839–41]— in Geograph Soc …
- … 1840. Octob & Jan. Papers on Instinct by Flourens [Flourens 1839] (read) Index of Clarkes …
- … S. Bellamy on Nat. Hist. of S. Devonshire [Bellamy 1839] chiefly on distribution of forms said to be …
- … at end of Catalogue of Royal Soc. [Royal Society of London 1839]— Meckel’s Anatomy. French …
- … ed. 1834] read Vol. (2 d ) on Dogs [C. H. Smith 1839–40] /on Ruminants [Jardine ed. 1835–6] …
- … on the Obligations of man to the inferior animals’ [Youatt 1839] discusses their minds. …
- … by Hooker . [A. P. de Candolle 1839–40] Jussieus …
Darwin in letters, 1837–1843: The London years to 'natural selection'
Summary
The seven-year period following Darwin's return to England from the Beagle voyage was one of extraordinary activity and productivity in which he became recognised as a naturalist of outstanding ability, as an author and editor, and as a professional…
Matches: 5 hits
- … they show for one another’s sensibilities. Early in 1839 the couple set up house in London and at …
- … and set in type by November 1837, though not published until 1839, when it appeared as the third …
- … of species” ( Letter to J. S. Henslow, [November 1839] ). note book, after note …
- … Marriage Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in January 1839. His hopes and fears about married life …
- … to act’ ( Letter from Emma Darwin, [ c. February 1839] ). These are not matters that she would …
1.2 George Richmond, marriage portrait
Summary
< Back to Introduction Few likenesses of Darwin in his youth survive, although more may once have existed. In a letter of 1873 an old Shrewsbury friend, Arthur Mostyn Owen, offered to send Darwin a watercolour sketch of him, painted many years…
Matches: 6 hits
- … now at Down House, celebrated his marriage in January 1839 to his cousin Emma Wedgwood; the one of …
- … his evolutionary theories. As early as February 1839, Elizabeth Wedgwood had written to her …
- … Richmond did not return from Italy until August or September 1839. Josiah Wedgwood himself wrote to …
- … twelve guineas for a portrait of some kind in December 1839, and a further payment of twelve guineas …
- … where it appears as the frontispiece, she had dated it to 1839; and, puzzlingly, she said there that …
- … Down House MSS, Darwin’s account books, entry for Dec. 1839. Joseph Hooker, letter to Darwin, 17 …
Science: A Man’s World?
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 489 - Darwin to Wedgwood, E., [20 January 1839] Written shortly before their …
Natural Science and Femininity
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters A conflation of masculine intellect and feminine thoughts, habits and feelings, male naturalists like Darwin inhabited an uncertain gendered identity. Working from the private domestic comfort of their homes and exercising…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 542 - Darwin to Wedgwood, C. S., [27 October 1839] Darwin details his typical …
Darwin’s observations on his children
Summary
Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…
Matches: 4 hits
- … races, lunatics, the blind, and animals. And as early as 1839 Darwin had begun to collect …
- … development from the day of his birth, 27 December 1839, until September 1844. Parallels in the …
- … 1 [9] W. Erasmus. Darwin born. Dec. 27 th . 1839.—[10] During first week. yawned, streatched …
- … vol. 2, letter from Emma Wedgwood, [23 January 1839] . [7] Correspondence vol. 2, …
The evolution of honeycomb
Summary
Honeycombs are natural engineering marvels, using the least possible amount of wax to provide the greatest amount of storage space, with the greatest possible structural stability. Darwin recognised that explaining the evolution of the honey-bee’s comb…
Matches: 3 hits
- … on subjects connected with natural theology (1839), Brougham commented that bees acted with a …
- … suppose when we recollect who is her teacher’ (Brougham 1839, 1: 35, 77). William Kirby wrote of the …
- … no bee in the world ever made cylindrical cells (Brougham 1839, 1: 32). However, Darwin knew that …
Introduction to the Satire of FitzRoy's Narrative of the Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle
Summary
'a humble toadyish follower…': Not all pictures of Darwin during the Beagle voyage are flattering. Published here for the first time is a complete transcript of a satirical account of the Beagle’s brief visit in 1836 to the Cocos Keeling islands…
Matches: 4 hits
- … voyages of His Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle (1839), was written by John Clunies Ross, …
- … in the Beagle , and especially the works published in 1839 by her captain, Robert FitzRoy and his …
- … are marked in roman numerals. Others relate to Darwin’s 1839 or 1845 volumes and Belcher’s …
- … star in the scientific world, and had copies of both the 1839 Narrative and the 1845 second edition …
Syms Covington
Summary
When Charles Darwin embarked on the Beagle voyage in 1831, Syms Covington was ‘fiddler & boy to Poop-cabin’. Covington kept an illustrated journal of his observations and experiences on the voyage, noting wildlife, landscapes, buildings and people and,…
Religion
Summary
Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 471 — Darwin, Emma to Darwin, C. R., [c. Feb 1839] Emma discusses Darwin’s religious …
4.10 'Hornet' caricature of Darwin
Summary
< Back to Introduction Caricatures of Darwin that depicted him as a semi-ape are numerous and well known, but they marked a specific historical moment. Most date from the period following the publication of Descent of Man in 1871-2, extending through…
Matches: 0 hits
4.21 Gegeef, 'Our National Church', 1
Summary
< Back to Introduction A print with the ironic title Our National Church: The Aegis of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity was issued by the London publisher Edmund Appleyard in c.1872-3, and sold at a penny. The artist who drew it signed himself …
Matches: 0 hits
Journal of researches
Summary
Within two months of the Beagle’s arrival back in England in October 1836, Darwin, although busy with distributing his specimens among specialists for description, and more interested in working on his geological research, turned his mind to the task of…
Matches: 3 hits
George James Stebbing
Summary
George James Stebbing (1803—1860) travelled around the world with Charles Darwin on board HMS Beagle and helped him with measuring temperature on at least one occasion. However, Stebbing barely registers in Darwin’s correspondence. The only mention omits…
Elleparu (York Minster)
Summary
Elleparu was one of the Alakaluf, or canoe people from the western part of Tierra del Fuego. He was captured by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, in 1830 after one the small boats used for surveying the narrow inlets of the coast of Tierra del Fuego…
Matches: 1 hits
- … FitzRoy.] 3 vols. and appendix. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. …
Bibliography of Darwin’s geological publications
Summary
This list includes papers read by Darwin to the Geological Society of London, his books on the geology of the Beagle voyage, and other publications on geological topics. Author-date citations refer to entries in the Darwin Correspondence Project’s…
Yokcushlu (Fuegia Basket)
Summary
Yokcushlu was one of the Alakaluf, or canoe people from the western part of Tierra del Fuego. She was one of the hostages seized by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, after the small boat used for surveying the narrow inlets of the coast of Tierra del…
Matches: 1 hits
- … FitzRoy.] 3 vols. and appendix. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. …
Orundellico (Jemmy Button)
Summary
Orundellico was one of the Yahgan, or canoe people of the southern part of Tierra del Fuego. He was the fourth hostage taken by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, in 1830 following the theft of the small surveying boat. This fourteen-year old boy was…
Matches: 1 hits
- … FitzRoy.] 3 vols. and appendix. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. …
4.34 'Punch', Sambourne cartoon 1
Summary
< Back to Introduction Linley Sambourne’s cartoon in Punch, a ‘Suggested Illustration’ for Darwin’s forthcoming book on The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants (1875) is another playful transformation of the author into an ape or monkey. However,…
Matches: 0 hits
Darwin in letters, 1821-1836: Childhood to the Beagle voyage
Summary
Darwin's first known letters were written when he was twelve. They continue through school-days at Shrewsbury, two years as a medical student at Edinburgh University, the undergraduate years at Cambridge, and the of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle.…
Matches: 1 hits
- … until FitzRoy completed his volume of the Narrative in 1839. London scientific society …
