To Henry Tibbats Stainton 13 April [1856]
Summary
Thanks HTS for Entomologist’s Weekly Intelligencer [no. 2, 12 Apr 1856]. Agrees with his remarks [in "Why did Mr Westwood get the Royal Medal?"], but explains that a change in rules for awarding the Royal Medal has been made. Earlier it had to be given for publications in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, which explains small number of entomologist recipients.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Henry Tibbats Stainton |
Date: | 13 Apr [1856] |
Classmark: | Natural History Museum, Library and Archives (General Special Collections MSS DAR 16) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1853 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … Westwood’s ‘Introduction’ ( Westwood 1839–40 ) and his ‘various Monographs and Papers on …
- … council minutes). However, since Westwood 1839–40 had been published more than ten years …
- … pp. 9–10. Westwood, John Obadiah. 1839–40. An introduction to the modern classification of …
- … been published many years previously ( Westwood 1839–40 ). He concluded that the recent …
To T. H. Huxley 8 July [1856]
Summary
Will use Boltenia case cautiously, if at all.
Polyzoa.
Bisexualism in Flustra and Ascidia.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Thomas Henry Huxley |
Date: | 8 July [1856] |
Classmark: | Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 40) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1922 |
From J. D. Hooker 9 November 1856
Summary
JDH approves MS section on geographical distribution.
Never felt so shaky about species before.
His objections to some mechanisms of distribution that CD proposes.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 9 Nov 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 105–10 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1983 |
To J. D. Hooker 8 [July 1856]
Summary
CD writing species sketch; must cite cases favouring multiple creations.
Requests details on species JDH listed as common to Chile and New Zealand. Notes their genera are mundane.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 8 [July 1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 168 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1921 |
To J. D. Hooker 5 July [1856]
Summary
Troubled by JDH’s connection between Antarctic island flora and Fuegia, which CD sees as part of a general relation to southern circumpolar flora. Encloses list [not found] of plants from Tristan d’Acunha.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 5 July [1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 167 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1919 |
To J. D. Hooker 5 [July 1856]
Summary
CD cannot swallow continental extensions. Has written to Lyell giving a lengthy criticism of the concept [see 1910] and has asked Lyell to forward the letter to JDH.
Perhaps Aristolochia and Viscum are protandrous.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 5 [July 1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 166 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1918 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir …
To J. D. Hooker 1 December [1856]
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 1 Dec [1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 185 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2008 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … ships Erebus and Terror , in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir James …
To W. D. Fox 14 June [1856]
Summary
Does not intend to work systematically on cats. Their origin is in doubt and they have been crossed too many ways.
It would be valuable to know whether half-bred ducks are fertile inter se or with a third breed. Is investigating this with pigeons.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | William Darwin Fox |
Date: | 14 June [1856] |
Classmark: | Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 98) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1901 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … CD had been a member of the society since 1839. CD was collecting skeletons of wild and …
To J. D. Hooker 30 July [1856]
Summary
CD’s predicament with continental extensions: they would remove argument for multiple creations, yet he opposes the doctrine. Lyell will not express an opinion on this.
Lyell fears mutability would lead to more specific names.
Encloses copy of letters to Lyell [1910 and 1917].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 30 July [1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 172, 165, and 167 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1933 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … ships Erebus and Terror , in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir James …
From J. D. Hooker 7 December 1856
Summary
Has done New Zealand flora calculations. Results support CD’s theory of necessity of crossing. Trees tend to have separate sexes.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 7 Dec 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 113–14 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2014 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … ships Erebus and Terror , in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir James …
To Charles Lyell 16 [June 1856]
Summary
Condemns theory of Edward Forbes and others that many islands were formerly connected to South America by now submerged continents.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Charles Lyell, 1st baronet |
Date: | 16 [June 1856] |
Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.131) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1902 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … ships Erebus and Terror , in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir James …
From S. P. Woodward 4 June 1856
Summary
SPW and Waterhouse agree on island faunas; gives Australia and Tasmania as examples. The "stream of migration" from Asia to Tasmania.
Looks forward eagerly to the publication of CD’s "specific" researches.
Invites CD to send his memoranda [on Manual of Mollusca].
Author: | Samuel Pickworth Woodward |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 4 June 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 205.3: 303 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1889 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … By Charles Darwin. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. Pickering, Charles. [1848. ] The races of …
From Peter Wallace 10 September 1856
Author: | Peter Wallace |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 10 Sept 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 205.2: 261 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1953 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … By Charles Darwin. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. Variation : The variation of animals and …
To Asa Gray 2 May [1856]
Summary
Suggests affinities of the U. S. flora that he considers would be worth investigating. Wants to know the ranges of species in large and small genera.
Questions AG on naturalised plants; whether any are social in U. S. which are not so elsewhere and how variable they are compared with indigenous species. Would like to know of any differences in the variability of species at different points of their ranges and also the physical states of plants at the extremes of their ranges.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Asa Gray |
Date: | 2 May [1856] |
Classmark: | Archives of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (4) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1863 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir …
To Syms Covington 9 March 1856
Summary
Thanks SC for his interesting account of the state of the colony. SC was wise to settle there where his sons have much better prospects.
Has finished his book on barnacles [1854]. Royal Medal awarded him chiefly for this work.
Asks SC whether he has observed any odd imported breeds of poultry, for his work on variation of species.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Syms Covington |
Date: | 9 Mar 1856 |
Classmark: | Sydney Mail, 9 August 1884, p. 255 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1840 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … voyage, had emigrated to Australia in 1839 and become postmaster at Twofold Bay, New South …
To J. D. Hooker 21 [May 1856]
Summary
Huxley’s "vehement" [Royal Institution?] Lectures make it difficult to propose him for Athenaeum.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 21 [May 1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 163 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1876 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … ships Erebus and Terror , in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir James …
To J. S. Henslow 16 June [1856]
Summary
Sends a cultivated specimen of Myosotis (first generation) grown from seed sent by JSH. Asks for a tuft of flower.
Hopes JSH will publish a book on teaching botany, because he has no idea how to begin with his children.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | John Stevens Henslow |
Date: | 16 June [1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 93: A110–11 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1903 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … classes and orders of plants (London, 1839). See Correspondence vol. 5, letters to J. S. …
To C. J. F. Bunbury 21 April [1856]
Summary
CD writes on geographical distribution – "a grand game of chess with the world for a board".
Gives his hypothetical explanation why zoology of Cape [of Good Hope] is not so peculiar as its botany: it was once a group of islands – later united.
Tries hard to set forth the difficulties of his [species] theory.
Tells CJFB in confidence of his theory of the glacial epoch and its effect on plant distribution, such as identical species being found on summits of mountains in the tropics. Invites him to attack his "doctrine".
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Charles James Fox Bunbury, 8th baronet |
Date: | 21 Apr [1856] |
Classmark: | Suffolk Record Office, Bury St Edmunds (Bunbury Family Papers E18/700/1/9/6) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1856 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … en Abyssinie exécuté pendant les années 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, 1843 par une commission …
From S. P. Woodward 2 May 1856
Summary
Proportion of molluscan species to genera in various periods. The difficulty of determining species increases with the number of species per genus. Identifying species within a genus is most difficult in that period in which the genus shows its greatest development.
Author: | Samuel Pickworth Woodward |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 2 May 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 181: 153 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1864 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir …
To Asa Gray 12 October [1856]
Summary
Thanks AG for the first part of his "Statistics [of the flora of the northern U. S.", Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 22 (1856): 204–32; 2d ser. 23 (1857): 62–84, 369–403]
and for information on social and varying plants.
Would like to know number of genera of introduced plants in U. S.
Is surprised at some affinities of northern U. S. flora and asks for any climatic explanations.
Asks what proportion of genera common to U. S. and Europe are mundane.
Is glad AG will work out the northern ranges of the European species and the ranges of species with regard to size of genera.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Asa Gray |
Date: | 12 Oct [1856] |
Classmark: | Archives of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (6) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1973 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … ships Erebus and Terror , in the years 1839–1843, under the command of Captain Sir James …
letter | (30) |
Darwin, C. R. | (20) |
Hooker, J. D. | (4) |
Woodward, S. P. | (2) |
Andersson, C. J. | (1) |
Blyth, Edward | (1) |
Bunbury, C. J. F. | (1) |
Covington, Syms | (1) |
Darwin, C. R. | (10) |
Fox, W. D. | (1) |
Gray, Asa | (2) |
Henslow, J. S. | (1) |
Hooker, J. D. | (7) |
Huxley, T. H. | (1) |
Lubbock, John | (1) |
Lyell, Charles | (2) |
Mantell, W. B. D. | (1) |
Murray, John (b) | (1) |
Stainton, H. T. | (1) |
Darwin, C. R. | (30) |
Hooker, J. D. | (11) |
Lyell, Charles | (3) |
Gray, Asa | (2) |
Woodward, S. P. | (2) |
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 21 hits
- … to read in Notebook C ( Notebooks , pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in …
- … in the Royal Society of London (Royal Society of London 1839) has been heavily marked, and quite a …
- … Pierquin, published in Paris (in 2 vols.), so long ago as 1839 4 [Pierquin de Gembloux 1839]. …
- … 1814–29] D r Royle on Himmalaya types [Royle 1839] (read) Smellie Philosophy of …
- … 12 by Owen in Encyclop. of Anat. & Physiology [R. Owen 1839] Dampier probably worth …
- … on subjects of science connected with Nat. Theol: [Brougham 1839] on instinct & animal …
- … 1808] Brit. & Foreign Medical Rev. N o 14. Ap 1839 [Anon. 1839b] Rev. on Walker on …
- … Smart 17 Beginning of a New School of metaphysic. [Smart 1839] about connection of language & …
- … Babbington on Flora of Channel Isl d . [Babington 1839] says he has remarks on affinities of …
- … 1816 [Gallesio 1816]— quoted by D r . Holland [Holland 1839] (p. 27) as good— Decandoelle …
- … [Thacker 1834–5] p. 291 Athenæum 1839. p. 546— M r Conrad has published …
- … Arboretum [Loudon 1838] in Edinburgh Review July 1839 [Anon. 1839a]— there are pencil remarks on it. …
- … would contain facts for me [DAR *119: 9v.] 1839. Decemb. Advertised . …
- … Dog with illustrations of about 100 varieties [?C. H. Smith 1839–40] 24 Flourens “Resume …
- … publishing Travels into interior of N. America [Wied-Neuwied 1839–41]— in Geograph Soc …
- … 1840. Octob & Jan. Papers on Instinct by Flourens [Flourens 1839] (read) Index of Clarkes …
- … S. Bellamy on Nat. Hist. of S. Devonshire [Bellamy 1839] chiefly on distribution of forms said to be …
- … at end of Catalogue of Royal Soc. [Royal Society of London 1839]— Meckel’s Anatomy. French …
- … ed. 1834] read Vol. (2 d ) on Dogs [C. H. Smith 1839–40] /on Ruminants [Jardine ed. 1835–6] …
- … on the Obligations of man to the inferior animals’ [Youatt 1839] discusses their minds. …
- … by Hooker . [A. P. de Candolle 1839–40] Jussieus …
Darwin in letters, 1837–1843: The London years to 'natural selection'
Summary
The seven-year period following Darwin's return to England from the Beagle voyage was one of extraordinary activity and productivity in which he became recognised as a naturalist of outstanding ability, as an author and editor, and as a professional…
Matches: 5 hits
- … they show for one another’s sensibilities. Early in 1839 the couple set up house in London and at …
- … and set in type by November 1837, though not published until 1839, when it appeared as the third …
- … of species” ( Letter to J. S. Henslow, [November 1839] ). note book, after note …
- … Marriage Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in January 1839. His hopes and fears about married life …
- … to act’ ( Letter from Emma Darwin, [ c. February 1839] ). These are not matters that she would …
1.2 George Richmond, marriage portrait
Summary
< Back to Introduction Few likenesses of Darwin in his youth survive, although more may once have existed. In a letter of 1873 an old Shrewsbury friend, Arthur Mostyn Owen, offered to send Darwin a watercolour sketch of him, painted many years…
Matches: 6 hits
- … now at Down House, celebrated his marriage in January 1839 to his cousin Emma Wedgwood; the one of …
- … his evolutionary theories. As early as February 1839, Elizabeth Wedgwood had written to her …
- … Richmond did not return from Italy until August or September 1839. Josiah Wedgwood himself wrote to …
- … twelve guineas for a portrait of some kind in December 1839, and a further payment of twelve guineas …
- … where it appears as the frontispiece, she had dated it to 1839; and, puzzlingly, she said there that …
- … Down House MSS, Darwin’s account books, entry for Dec. 1839. Joseph Hooker, letter to Darwin, 17 …
Science: A Man’s World?
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 489 - Darwin to Wedgwood, E., [20 January 1839] Written shortly before their …
Natural Science and Femininity
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters A conflation of masculine intellect and feminine thoughts, habits and feelings, male naturalists like Darwin inhabited an uncertain gendered identity. Working from the private domestic comfort of their homes and exercising…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 542 - Darwin to Wedgwood, C. S., [27 October 1839] Darwin details his typical …
Darwin’s observations on his children
Summary
Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…
Matches: 4 hits
- … races, lunatics, the blind, and animals. And as early as 1839 Darwin had begun to collect …
- … development from the day of his birth, 27 December 1839, until September 1844. Parallels in the …
- … 1 [9] W. Erasmus. Darwin born. Dec. 27 th . 1839.—[10] During first week. yawned, streatched …
- … vol. 2, letter from Emma Wedgwood, [23 January 1839] . [7] Correspondence vol. 2, …
The evolution of honeycomb
Summary
Honeycombs are natural engineering marvels, using the least possible amount of wax to provide the greatest amount of storage space, with the greatest possible structural stability. Darwin recognised that explaining the evolution of the honey-bee’s comb…
Matches: 3 hits
- … on subjects connected with natural theology (1839), Brougham commented that bees acted with a …
- … suppose when we recollect who is her teacher’ (Brougham 1839, 1: 35, 77). William Kirby wrote of the …
- … no bee in the world ever made cylindrical cells (Brougham 1839, 1: 32). However, Darwin knew that …
Introduction to the Satire of FitzRoy's Narrative of the Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle
Summary
'a humble toadyish follower…': Not all pictures of Darwin during the Beagle voyage are flattering. Published here for the first time is a complete transcript of a satirical account of the Beagle’s brief visit in 1836 to the Cocos Keeling islands…
Matches: 4 hits
- … voyages of His Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle (1839), was written by John Clunies Ross, …
- … in the Beagle , and especially the works published in 1839 by her captain, Robert FitzRoy and his …
- … are marked in roman numerals. Others relate to Darwin’s 1839 or 1845 volumes and Belcher’s …
- … star in the scientific world, and had copies of both the 1839 Narrative and the 1845 second edition …
Syms Covington
Summary
When Charles Darwin embarked on the Beagle voyage in 1831, Syms Covington was ‘fiddler & boy to Poop-cabin’. Covington kept an illustrated journal of his observations and experiences on the voyage, noting wildlife, landscapes, buildings and people and,…
Religion
Summary
Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Letter 471 — Darwin, Emma to Darwin, C. R., [c. Feb 1839] Emma discusses Darwin’s religious …
4.10 'Hornet' caricature of Darwin
Summary
< Back to Introduction Caricatures of Darwin that depicted him as a semi-ape are numerous and well known, but they marked a specific historical moment. Most date from the period following the publication of Descent of Man in 1871-2, extending through…
Matches: 0 hits
4.21 Gegeef, 'Our National Church', 1
Summary
< Back to Introduction A print with the ironic title Our National Church: The Aegis of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity was issued by the London publisher Edmund Appleyard in c.1872-3, and sold at a penny. The artist who drew it signed himself …
Matches: 0 hits
Journal of researches
Summary
Within two months of the Beagle’s arrival back in England in October 1836, Darwin, although busy with distributing his specimens among specialists for description, and more interested in working on his geological research, turned his mind to the task of…
Matches: 3 hits
George James Stebbing
Summary
George James Stebbing (1803—1860) travelled around the world with Charles Darwin on board HMS Beagle and helped him with measuring temperature on at least one occasion. However, Stebbing barely registers in Darwin’s correspondence. The only mention omits…
Elleparu (York Minster)
Summary
Elleparu was one of the Alakaluf, or canoe people from the western part of Tierra del Fuego. He was captured by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, in 1830 after one the small boats used for surveying the narrow inlets of the coast of Tierra del Fuego…
Matches: 1 hits
- … FitzRoy.] 3 vols. and appendix. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. …
Bibliography of Darwin’s geological publications
Summary
This list includes papers read by Darwin to the Geological Society of London, his books on the geology of the Beagle voyage, and other publications on geological topics. Author-date citations refer to entries in the Darwin Correspondence Project’s…
Yokcushlu (Fuegia Basket)
Summary
Yokcushlu was one of the Alakaluf, or canoe people from the western part of Tierra del Fuego. She was one of the hostages seized by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, after the small boat used for surveying the narrow inlets of the coast of Tierra del…
Matches: 1 hits
- … FitzRoy.] 3 vols. and appendix. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. …
Orundellico (Jemmy Button)
Summary
Orundellico was one of the Yahgan, or canoe people of the southern part of Tierra del Fuego. He was the fourth hostage taken by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, in 1830 following the theft of the small surveying boat. This fourteen-year old boy was…
Matches: 1 hits
- … FitzRoy.] 3 vols. and appendix. London: Henry Colburn. 1839. …
4.34 'Punch', Sambourne cartoon 1
Summary
< Back to Introduction Linley Sambourne’s cartoon in Punch, a ‘Suggested Illustration’ for Darwin’s forthcoming book on The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants (1875) is another playful transformation of the author into an ape or monkey. However,…
Matches: 0 hits
Darwin in letters, 1821-1836: Childhood to the Beagle voyage
Summary
Darwin's first known letters were written when he was twelve. They continue through school-days at Shrewsbury, two years as a medical student at Edinburgh University, the undergraduate years at Cambridge, and the of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle.…
Matches: 1 hits
- … until FitzRoy completed his volume of the Narrative in 1839. London scientific society …