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Darwin Correspondence Project

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Darwin Correspondence Project
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From B. J. Sulivan   29 September 1881

Summary

Gives further details on his grapes.

Tells of his recent movements and state of health.

Author:  Bartholomew James Sulivan
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 Sept 1881
Classmark:  DAR 177: 315
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13363

Matches: 1 hit

  • … 30 officers in Ships in each Commission 1823–6—1826–9—only three myself—Usborne—& Hamond — …

To Journal of Horticulture   [before 25 November 1862]

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Summary

Asks correspondents whether any kinds of strawberries now cultivated have been raised from a cross between the wood or alpine strawberry and the scarlet, pine, or Chili strawberry.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Journal of Horticulture
Date:  [before 25 Nov 1862]
Classmark:  Journal of Horticulture, Cottage Gardener, and Country Gentleman, n.s. 3 (1862): 672
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3826

Matches: 1 hit

  • … account of some mule plants. [Read 6 May 1823. ] Transactions of the Horticultural Society …

From J. D. Hooker   20 February – 16 [March] 1848

Summary

Though correspondence has never ebbed so low, CD is constantly in his thoughts.

Observations on cheetahs used as domesticated hunting animals.

Finds geographical barriers sometimes separate species, but also finds species that remain separate where there are no barriers to migration.

Colour "individuates" isolated animal species.

Plains and alpine animal distribution show altitude not strictly analogous to latitude.

Impact of timber cutting on climate has led to extinction of crocodiles.

Will discuss coal formation in letter to Edward Forbes.

CD often asked whether isolated mountains in southern latitudes had closely allied representatives of Arctic and north temperate plants; JDH has found a representative barberry.

Making for Darjeeling via Calcutta.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Feb – 16 [Mar] 1848
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (India letters 1847–51: 52–4 JDH/1/10)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1158

Matches: 1 hit

  • … a collection of economic plants of India, 1823–31. He also possessed a large collection of …

From Edward Blyth   [1–8 October 1855]

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Summary

Notes on Lyell’s Principles, vol. 2.

EB does not believe in connecting links between genera; there is no tendency to gradation between groups of animals.

Does not believe shortage of food can directly produce any heritable effect on size.

Comments on significance of variations discussed by Lyell. Variation in dentition and coloration.

Behaviour of elephants and monkeys.

When varieties are crossed EB considers that the form of the offspring, whether intermediate or like one or other of the parents, depends upon how nearly related the parents are.

Thinks that in the struggle for existence hybrids, and varieties generally, must be expected to give way to the "beautiful & minute adaptation" of the pure types.

Colours of Indian birds.

Vitality of seeds.

Variation among palms.

Fauna of Malaysia and New Zealand. Ranges of bird species.

[Memorandum originally enclosed with 1760.]

Author:  Edward Blyth
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [1–8 Oct 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 98: A37–A50
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1762

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Polar Sea, in the years 1820, 1821, 1822 & 1823. 2d ed. [Translated by Elizabeth Juliana …

From C. C. Graham   30 January 1877

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Summary

He has defended Tyndall, CD, and others against attacks of a clergyman.

Author:  Christopher Columbus Graham
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  30 Jan 1877
Classmark:  DAR 165: 83–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10821

Matches: 1 hit

  • … May 1822 until his abdication in March 1823 ( Encyclopaedia Britannica , britannica.com, …

From Charles Lyell   15 March 1863

Summary

Lyell has received compliments for letting readers draw own inferences [on species question]. Now feels he earlier did Lamarck injustice. [CD’s] substitution of variety-making power for volition [as in Lamarck] in some respects only a change of names.

Thinks Huxley taking on too many responsibilities.

Author:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 Mar 1863
Classmark:  K. M. Lyell ed. 1881, 2: 364–6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4041

Matches: 1 hit

  • … under the influence of Georges Cuvier ; from 1823 to 1824, he and Lyell collaborated in …

From T. C. Eyton   12 November 1833

Summary

Has been working hard on collecting English and foreign birds. Yarrell has written of new birds discovered in England.

News of work in progress by Leonard Jenyns, P. J. Selby, and John Gould.

Cautions CD to beware of insects when he sends any birds’ skins – otherwise there will be only feathers, beaks, and legs remaining when he returns.

Author:  Thomas Campbell Eyton
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Nov 1833
Classmark:  DAR 204: 118
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-228

Matches: 1 hit

  • … and families of birds. [Read 3 December 1823. ] Transactions of the Linnean Society of …

To J.-H. Fabre   20 February 1880

Summary

Discusses sense of direction of cats and other animals.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Jean-Henri Casimir (Jean-Henri) Fabre
Date:  20 Feb 1880
Classmark:  Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Bibliothèque centrale, Paris (Ms FAB 32)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12494

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Polar Sea, in the years 1820, 1821, 1822, & 1823. Commanded by lieutenant, now admiral, …

From Edward Blyth   [before 25 March 1868]

Summary

Detailed notes on secondary sexual differences in various species of birds and mammals.

Author:  Edward Blyth
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [before 25 Mar 1868]
Classmark:  DAR 83: 154–5, DAR 84.1: 131–3, DAR 48: A77, DAR 84.2: 187v
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6048

Matches: 1 hit

  • … perching on trees; the name given by Vigors in 1823 to the second Order of Birds in his …

To Charles Lyell   10 September [1861]

Summary

Absence of organic remains in many deposits.

Discusses presence of marine animals near icebergs.

Comments on former geological state of England.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  10 Sept [1861]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.263)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3249

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Polar Sea, in the years 1820, 1821, 1822, & 1823. Commanded by lieutenant, now admiral, …

From Emily Catherine Darwin   15 [January 1837]

Summary

Morning Herald had an account of CD’s 80 specimens of Mammalia and 450 birds at the Zoological Society.

John Gould has described new species in CD’s Galapagos birds.

Much interest in CD’s "Laurels".

Family news.

Author:  Emily Catherine (Catherine) Darwin; Emily Catherine (Catherine) Langton
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 [Jan 1837]
Classmark:  DAR 204: 142
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-341

Matches: 1 hit

  • … and other parts of Peru, in the years 1823 and 1824. London. Sulloway, Frank J. 1982. …

From J. S. Henslow   15–21 January 1833

Summary

Acknowledges receipt of two letters from CD and a box of specimens.

Mentions attendance at BAAS meeting and a gift to him of a small living near Oxford. Some political news.

Congratulates CD on the work he has done – the specimens are of great interest. Gives advice on packing, labelling, and future collecting and suggests that – as a precaution – CD send home a copy of his notes on the specimens.

Author:  John Stevens Henslow
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 and 21 Jan 1833
Classmark:  DAR 204: 111
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-196

Matches: 1 hit

  • … new species of Onchidium. [Read 4 November 1823. ] Transactions of the Linnean Society of …

To Nature   [before 3 April 1873]

Summary

Comments on article ["Perception and instinct in lower animals", Nature 7 (1871): 377–8].

Explains his contention that "many of the most wonderful instincts have been acquired, independently of habit, through the preservation of useful variations of pre-existing instincts". Cites examples: sterile workers of several species of social insects have acquired different instincts; movements of tumbler pigeons. Speculates that "many instincts have originated from modification or variations in the brain".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Nature
Date:  [before 3 Apr 1873]
Classmark:  Nature, 3 April 1873, pp. 417–18
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8838

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Polar Sea, in the years 1820, 1821, 1822, & 1823. Commanded by lieutenant, now admiral, …

From J. D. Hooker   29 January 1844

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Summary

Remarks on geographical divisions of the flora of the Southern Hemisphere.

JDH beginning Galapagos plants. Value of studying insular floras with respect to inquiries about adaptation of species.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 Jan 1844
Classmark:  DAR 100: 5–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-734

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Polar Sea, in the years 1820, 1821, 1822, & 1823. Commanded by lieutenant, now admiral, …

From Edward Blyth   21 April 1855

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Summary

Indigenous domestic animals of the New World.

Relationship of Newfoundland and Esquimo dogs to the wolf. Dogs like the Esquimo occur in Tibet and Siberia. Indian pariah dogs and jackals occasionally interbreed.

Describes domestic cats of India; reports cases of their interbreeding with wild cats. Wild cats are tamed for hunting.

Races of silkworm in India are crossed [see 1690].

Domesticated plants, fish, and birds of India.

Comments on local races and species of crows; it is impossible to trace a line of demarcation between races and species.

Variation in the ability of hybrids to propagate.

Indian cattle breeds; differences between Bos indicus and Bos taurus.

Is not satisfied that aboriginally wild species of horse and ass exist.

Believes all fancy breeds of pigeon originated in the East. Wild ancestors of pigeons, ducks, geese, and fowls. Interbreeding of wild species of pheasant.

[CD’s notes are an abstract of this letter.]

Author:  Edward Blyth
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 Apr 1855
Classmark:  DAR 98: A57–A68
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1670

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Polar Sea, in the years 1820, 1821, 1822 & 1823. 2d ed. [Translated by Elizabeth Juliana …
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9 Items

Darwin’s student booklist

Summary

In October 1825 Charles Darwin and his older brother, Erasmus, went to study medicine in Edinburgh, where their father, Robert Waring Darwin, had trained as a doctor in the 1780’s. Erasmus had already graduated from Cambridge and was continuing his studies…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … Provenance: DAR 271.1: 5 Notes 1 Franklin 1823. 8 Vo: octavo. 2 …
  • … bound with Abernethy 1819a, Abernethy 1819b and Abernethy 1823. The volume has ‘Erasmus Darwin’ on …
  • … 1819a; CD perhaps refers to Abernethy 1819b and Abernethy 1823 (see n. 3). 10 White 1826. …
  • … used in Lister 1826 for younger sons. 17 Henry 1823. Volume 2 is in the Darwin Library–CUL …
  • … Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown. Abernethy, John. 1823.  Introductory lectures, exhibiting some …
  • … of a residence and travels in Colombia, during the years 1823 and 1824 . 2 vols. London: H. Colburn …
  • … of Natural History  33: 202–13. Franklin, John. 1823.  Narrative of a journey to the shores …
  • … 21, and 22 . London: John Murray. Henry, William. 1823.  The elements of experimental …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 20 hits

  • … has various coloured maps by Copenhagen Botanists [?Schouw 1823] of range of plants. 13 …
  • … Flanders & Holland in 1817 [Neill, Hay, and Macdonald 1823] These three last books quoted in …
  • … Geneva— Mem. de la Soc. Genev. Tom II p. 29 [L. A. Necker 1823] read Lindleys Horticulture …
  • … 15 th ) 13 th . Minor poems of Milton [Milton 1823] & first 2 d 71  vol of …
  • … Tour by Deput. Caledon. Soc [Neill, Hay, and Macdonald] 1823] Ref at end Godwins answer to …
  • … 20 Franklins Narrative 1 st  Expedition [Franklin 1823] Oct 4 Drinkwater Siege of Gibraltar …
  • … 12 th  Necker. Mem. les Oiseaux de Geneve [L. A. Necker 1823] —— Owen on pearly Nautilus [R …
  • … [Sévigné 1801] Quentin Durward [W. Scott] 1823]. Veronica [Zschokke 1845b]. G. Gurney [Hook] …
  • … Physique, de Chimie, et de l’Histoire Naturelle  (1794–1823). 71  CD wrote “1 st ” …
  • … Majesté, La   Coquille, pendant les années   1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825 . 7 vols. Paris. …
  • … London. [Other eds.]  *119: 13v. Franklin, John. 1823.  Narrative of a journey to the …
  • … ——. 1830.  Neue Reise um die Welt, in den Jahren 1823 .   . . 1826 . 2 vols. Weimar.  119: 3a …
  • … . Paris. [Darwin Library.]  128: 4 Milton, John. 1823.  The minor poems of John Milton . …
  • … *119: 5v.; 119: 13b Necker, Louis Albert. 1823. Mémoire sur les oiseaux des  environs de …
  • … [Neill, Patrick, Hay, John, and Macdonald, James]. 1823.  Journal of a horticultural tour through …
  • … *128: 179; 128: 8 Schouw, Joakim Frederik. 1823.  Pflanzengeographische Atlas   zur …
  • …  London. [Other eds.]  119: 12b [——]. 1823.  Quentin Durward . 3 vols. London. [Other …
  • … Lamétherie and H. M. Ducrotay de Blainville. Paris. 1794–1823.  *119: 13v.; 119: 10a …
  • … la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de   Paris . Paris. 1823–34.  119: 19a Mémoires de l …
  • … Memoirs of the Board of Agriculture of New York . New York. 1823–6.  119: 19a; *128: 167 …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Leijden University 52 Leiden 13 june 1823 Rotterdam 2 june …
  • … Literator   Amsterdam 19 august 1823 Amsterdam 29 december …
  • …   Amsterdam 31 january 1823 Amsterdam 16 may 1900 Baarn …
  • … Gardens. 54 Den Haag 28 may 1823 Den Haag     …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Leijden University 52 Leiden 13 June 1823 Rotterdam 2 June …
  • … Literator   Amsterdam 19 August 1823 Amsterdam 29 December …
  • …   Amsterdam 31 January 1823 Amsterdam 16 May 1900 Baarn …
  • … Gardens. 54 Den Haag 28 May 1823 Den Haag     …

Alfred Russel Wallace

Summary

Wallace was a leading Victorian naturalist, with wide-ranging interests from biogeography and evolutionary theory to spiritualism and politics. He was born in 1823 in Usk, a small town in south-east Wales, and attended a grammar school in Hertford. At the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … theory to spiritualism and politics. He was born in 1823 in Usk, a small town in south-east Wales, …

George Peacock

Summary

George Peacock was born 9 April 1791 in Denton near Darlington in Yorkshire. He was the son of a clergyman, the Rev. Thomas Peacock, curate of Denton for 50 years and school master. George was educated at Sedbergh School, Cumbria and Richmond School in…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … went on to become a fellow and then tutor of the college in 1823. During his time at Cambridge he …

Was Darwin an ecologist?

Summary

One of the most fascinating aspects of Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the extent to which the experiments he performed at his home in Down, in the English county of Kent, seem to prefigure modern scientific work in ecology.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … parasitism, mutualism, aposematism or exaptation?’, pp. 182–3.  See the paper One of the …

Books on the Beagle

Summary

The Beagle was a sort of floating library.  Find out what Darwin and his shipmates read here.

Matches: 3 hits

  • … from the latest   authorities.  London and Edinburgh, 1823. (Contemporary annotations by CD and …
  • … Meteorological essays and observations.  London, 1823. (DAR 30.1: 41). ‡ Daubeny, Charles …
  • …  20 vols., 1 vol.  Supplement.  6th ed. Edinburgh, 1823. (DAR 30.2: 198v.; 33: 254). § …

Satire of FitzRoy's Narrative of the Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle, by John Clunies Ross. Transcription by Katharine Anderson

Summary

[f.146r Title page] Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle Supplement / to the 2nd 3rd and Appendix Volumes of the First / Edition Written / for and in the name of the Author of those / Volumes By J.C. Ross. / Sometime Master of a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … “Little or no notice was taken of them [the Cocos] till 1823 – when one Alex r Hare a British …
  • … with reference to the same subject. In December 1823 returning from the Pepper-Port-Coast of …