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From Fritz Müller   31 August 1865

Summary

Hopes CD has received his letter of 12 August.

Sends some new observations on climbing plants. [The observations are part of "Notes on some of the climbing-plants, near Desterro, in South Brazil", J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) 9 (1867): 344–9.]

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  31 Aug 1865
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 73–4.
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4885A

Matches: 6 hits

  • … of the letter, see the letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865] . …
  • … See also letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 , n.  11. …
  • … Hopes CD has received his letter of 12 August. Sends some new observations on climbing …
  • … I.  See also letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 , n.  1. For a transcription of this …
  • … vol. 13, p. 227. See also letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 , n. 1. ‘ …
  • … Climbing plants’ . See letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 . For the missing …

From Fritz Müller   12 August 1865

Summary

Thanks CD for his paper on climbing plants. Lists the many genera that he has found in his area in a short period since reading CD’s paper. [See 4881.]

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Aug 1865
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 72–3.
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4881A

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From Fritz Müller    12 August 1865 …
  • … Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller Desterro, Brazil 12 Aug 1865 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Desterro, Brazil, 12. August 1865. Verehrter Herr! Vor wenigen Tagen empfing ich Ihre …
  • … Desterro, Brazil, 12. August 1865 My dear Sir, A few days ago I received your essay on …
  • … Botany ) (see letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865] , and …
  • … of Mikania (see letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865] and n.   …

From Fritz Müller   [2 November 1866]

Summary

Sends his observations on sterility of Eschscholzia,

on Oxalis,

and on recently found dimorphic plants.

Sends specimen of Hedyotis [see Forms of flowers, p. 133].

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [2 Nov 1866]
Classmark:  DAR 111: B59, DAR 142: 100, 101, 105, Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 93–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5264

Matches: 13 hits

  • … Edited by James A. H. Murray, et al. 12 vols. and supplement. Oxford: Clarendon Press. …
  • … 3 "  1 "  1) 6 "  6 "  10 "  3 "  3 " 6 "  6 "  11 "  3 "  3 " 6 "  6 "  12 "  3 "  20 " …
  • … 6 "  6 "  12 "  3–4 "  1 "  …
  • … 2) 6 "  6 "  12 "  4 "  25 " …
  • … 6 "  7 "  12 "  3 "  1 " 6 "  7 "  13 "  4 "  1 " …
  • … 6 "  7 "  14 "  3 "  1 " 7 "  7 "  12 "  3 "  1 " …
  • … 7 "  7 "  12 "  4 "  1 " 7 "  7 "  14 "  3 "  1 " 7 "  7 "  14 "  3–4 "  1 "  2) 7 "  7 "  …
  • … 5 " 6 " 10 " 3 " 1 " 1) 6 " 6 " 10 " 3 " 3 " 6 " 6 " 11 " 3 " 3 " 6 " 6 " 12 " 3 " 20 " …
  • … 6 " 6 " 12 " 3–4 " 1 " …
  • … 2) 6 " 6 " 12 " 4 " 25 " …
  • … 6 " 7 " 12 " 3 " 1 " 6 " 7 " 13 " 4 " 1 " …
  • … 6 " 7 " 14 " 3 " 1 " 7 " 7 " 12 " 3 " 1 " …
  • … 7 " 7 " 12 " 4 " 1 " 7 " 7 " 14 " 3 " 1 " 7 " 7 " 14 " 3–4 " 1 " 2) 7 " 7 " 14 " 4 " 2 " …

From Fritz Müller   12 January 1869

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Summary

Gives details of some crossing experiments with Eschscholzia.

Describes the grass Streptochaeta, which FM believes to be a primitive grass.

Relates some observations on maize that are well explained by Pangenesis.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Jan 1869
Classmark:  DAR 76: B34–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6549

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From Fritz Müller   12 January 1869 …
  • … Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller Santa Catharina, Brazil 12 Jan 1869 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Itajahy, S a Catharina, Brazil January 12. 1869. My dear Sir As the Eschscholzia-seed, …
  • … those of (b) withering Novbr. 9 Germen of (a) 12 mm , of (b) 26 mm long Novbr. 11 .... 19 …
  • … 11 mm , that of (b) 18 mm long Novbr. 18. — — — 12 mm , — — — 49 mm long. The pod (a) fell …
  • … with its own pollen. Novbr. 15. Germen, 12 mm long, begins to whither. 2) Novbr. 3. …

From Fritz Müller   [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865]

Summary

FM’s comments on Climbing Plants.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 and 31 Aug 1865 and 10 Oct 1865
Classmark:  Notes on some of the climbing-plants near Desterro, in South Brazil. By Herr Fritz Müller, in a letter to C. Darwin. [Read 7 December 1865.] Journal of the Linnean Society (Botany) 9 (1866): 344–9.
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4881F

Matches: 9 hits

  • … From Fritz Müller   [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865] …
  • … 344–9. Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller 12 Aug 1865 31 Aug 1865 10 Oct 1865 Charles …
  • … Dalton Hooker (see Correspondence vol.  12, letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 2 December 1864   …
  • … 1865] . See letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 , n.  11. In ‘Climbing plants’ , …
  • … flexible, leafless branches, with numerous (12–25) internodes, armed with sharp, hard, …
  • … on the derivation of tendrils, see Correspondence vol.  12, letters from Daniel Oliver , [ …
  • … 28 January – 8 February 1864] , 12 March 1864 , and [before 31 March 1864] , letter to …
  • … tendril in ‘Climbing plants’ , pp.  111–12. Müller refers to the description in Endlicher  …
  • … adhesive discs, see Correspondence vol.  12, letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 4 December [1864] …

From Fritz Müller   10 October 1865

Summary

Thanks CD for his photograph.

Sends a paper ["Über das Holz einiger um Desterro wachsender Kletterpflanzen", Botanische Zeitung 24 (1866): 57–60, 65–9].

Believes species of sponge with different mineral spiculae are descended from a form with organic spiculae.

Reports observations on motions of Linum stalks following the sun.

Regards Anelasma as a connecting form between cirripedes and Rhizocephala.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  10 Oct 1865
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 74–6.
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4912A

Matches: 7 hits

  • … See letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 , n.  1. For a translation of this letter, …
  • … Appendix I. See letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 , n. 1. For a transcription of …
  • … section of the letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 ; see, however, the letter to …
  • … as the frontispiece to Correspondence vol.  12. CD had offered Müller a copy of the German …
  • … Müller, 9 December [1865] ). In a letter of 12 December 1865, Müller asked Schultze to try …
  • … article is reproduced as the letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, and 10 October  …
  • … 1865] ; see also letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 , n.  11. Rosa Müller . Müller …

From Fritz Müller   12 September 1875

Summary

Has read CD’s book on Drosera [Insectivorous plants] and found that it presents new material and is very interesting.

Has discovered that the parasites he thought he had found in Melipona nests are in fact true females. It is remarkable that they differ so greatly from the sterile females and males of their species.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Sept 1875
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 318; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (PrP 08-0011)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10155A

Matches: 4 hits

  • … From Fritz Müller    12 September 1875 …
  • … Theodor (Fritz) Müller Itajahy, Santa Catharina, Brazil 12 Sept 1875 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Itajahy, S.  Catharina, Brazil, 12. September 1875. Verehrter Herr! Vor etwa 14 Tagen …
  • … Itajahy, S.  Catharina, Brazil, 12. September 1875. Honoured Sir! About 2 weeks ago I …

From Fritz Müller   31 May 1881

Summary

Has just received CD’s letter of 12 April [13113]. To answer CD’s query, Heteranthera reniformis is an amphibious plant that grows as well on moist ground as it does in ditches filled with water.

For the past few weeks has been observing Phyllanthus plants that had shown the irregular movement in leaves returning from the positions assumed at night, but none has repeated the irregularity. Perhaps the progeny from the seeds he has collected will inherit the tendency for irregular movement.

Describes his observations of the power of movement in Cassia, Desmodium, and a few other plants.

Paul Mayer has identified seven new species of insects FM found in nine different species of figs.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  31 May 1881
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 410–11
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13185A

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Naturgeschichte der Feigeninsecten. [Review of Mayer 1882. ] Kosmos 12 (1882–3): 310–14. …
  • … Verehrter Herr! Ihr freundlicher Brief vom 12. April ist grade angekommen, und ich will …
  • … Has just received CD’s letter of 12 April [ 13113 ]. To answer CD’s query, Heteranthera …
  • … May 1881. Esteemed Sir! Your kind letter of 12 April has just arrived and I will reply to …
  • … has been used. See letter to Fritz Müller, 12 April 1881 and n. 5. CD had received seeds …
  • … April [1881] ). See letter to Fritz Müller, 12 April 1881 and n. 7. Cassia and Desmodium …

From Fritz Müller   5 November 1865

Summary

Thanks CD for the copy of Orchids and papers on Linum and Lythrum [Collected papers 2: 93–105; 106–31].

Intends to travel to the River Itajahy and will make observations on climbing plants. Is not sure whether Dalbergia is a winding plant.

CD has changed FM’s whole perception of nature.

CD has helped him to understand distribution of coastal flora.

The vegetation on Desterro is changing.

Louis Agassiz is seeking evidence against transmutation in the distribution of the fish in the Amazon.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Nov 1865
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 76–7.
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4929A

Matches: 5 hits

  • … See letter from Fritz Müller, 12 August 1865 , n.  1. For a translation of this letter, …
  • … southern Brazil. See also Correspondence vol.  12, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 26 November [ …
  • … by twining. See also Correspondence vol.  12, letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 29 November  …
  • … climbers, see letter from Fritz Müller , [12 and 31 August, and 10 October] and nn.  2, 8, …
  • … Hooker, 22 and 28 [October 1865] and nn.  12–14). Müller explored the region of the Itajaí …

From Fritz Müller   1 April 1867

Summary

Cites cases of difference in coloration between the sexes of some species of Crustacea, annelids, and spiders.

Discusses dimorphic plants and self-sterility.

Outlines some experiments involving the crossing of different species of orchids.

Encloses extract from Carl Claus, Die freilebenden Copepoden [1863].

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Apr 1867
Classmark:  DAR 110: B111–12; DAR 81: 167
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5480

Matches: 3 hits

  • … DAR 110: B111–12; DAR 81: 167 Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller Desterro, Brazil 1 …
  • … the short-styled plant are larger (about 1 12 mm diam. ), than those of the long-styled ( …
  • … vol.  13 as the letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865] ). For a …

From Fritz Müller   13 February 1866

Summary

Thanks CD for Journal of researches.

Insect genus Elater is an exception to the rule that all luminous organs give out a green light.

Gives some observations on climbing plants at Itajahy.

His study of orchids has convinced him of the value of CD’s book.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Feb 1866
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 79–80
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5004A

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Theil des Abdomen gelegen sind. Ungefähr vor 12 Jahren fand ich in dem Urwalde am Itajahy- …
  • … abdomen, just like those of glow-worms. About 12 years ago I found a very strange luminous …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865] and n.  1); …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865] and n.  19). …

From Fritz Müller   25 December 1875

Summary

"Sambaquis", or shell mounds accumulated by former inhabitants of the coast, contain shells of some animals that FM has never seen living.

Ants that live on imbauba trees (Cecropia) are attracted by small bodies at base of each petiole.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Dec 1875
Classmark:  Nature, 17 February 1876, pp. 304–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10324

Matches: 3 hits

  • … order Decapoda) in his letter to CD of 12 September 1875 . His paper ‘Aeglea Odebrechtii …
  • … crustacean infraorder Anomura (see letter from Fritz Müller, 12 September 1875 and n. 8). …
  • … I have seen myself did not exceed 10 or 12 metres. As to the shells of which they are …

From Fritz Müller   5 April 1878

Summary

Observations on a sensitive Mimosa.

Comments on structure and positioning of "odoriferous organs" of moths and butterflies,

and feeding habits of butterfly larvae.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Apr 1878
Classmark:  Oxford University Museum of Natural History (Hope Entomological Collections 1350: Hope/Westwood Archive, Darwin folder)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11463

Matches: 3 hits

  • … you for your very kind letter of January 12 th as well as for some copies of Mr.  Meldola’ …
  • … See letter to Fritz Müller, 12 January 1878 . CD evidently had later sent copies of …
  • … and heavy rain (see letter to Fritz Müller, 12 January 1878 and n. 5). The primary petiole …

From Fritz Müller   1 January 1867

Summary

Describes his experiments in fertilising Oncidium flexuosum and comparison with Notylia.

Has been examining Catasetum.

Encloses seeds of two species of Gesneria and describes hairs in the seed capsule. Hairs in other plants seem to have a different function.

Starting tomorrow for a botanical excursion on the Continent.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Jan 1867
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 104–9; DAR 157a: 104
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5344A

Matches: 4 hits

  • … 8–9 days (in one out of about 20 flowers 12 days) after fertilization the germs began to …
  • … introduced rather easily. I fertilized (Dec.  12 th 13 th 14 th ) almost all the flowers …
  • … on a panicle of Oncidium flexuosum 36 flowers (12 with own pollen, 24 with pollen from a …
  • … he had written (see Correspondence vol.  12, letter from Hermann Crüger, 21 January 1864 , …

From Fritz Müller   16 January 1872

Summary

Has no objection to CD’s alluding to FM’s idea that sexual selection has come into play in mimetic butterflies.

Reports observations on other butterflies and on termites.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Jan 1872
Classmark:  DAR 142: 55
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8161

Matches: 2 hits

  • … to Doña Francisca from 11 November until 12 December 1871 (Möller ed.  1915–21, 2: 201). …
  • … der Termiten. Linnaea Entomologica 12: 1–342 Hagen, Hermann August. 1864. Ueber …

From Fritz Müller   14 June 1871

Summary

Discussion of mimicry and sexual selection among butterflies, occasioned by reading Descent.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 June 1871
Classmark:  DAR 89: 91–3; DAR 142: 58
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7820

Matches: 2 hits

  • … bird droppings. For Papilio nephalion , see n.  12, above. Papilio polydamas is now Battus …
  • … vol.  18, letters to Fritz Müller , 12 May 1870  and n.  5, and 28 August 1870  and nn.   …

From Fritz Müller   9 January 1881

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Summary

Thanks for CD’s offer of assistance after flood damage.

Comments on Movement in plants. Discusses sleep movements and paraheliotropism of Maranta and other plants.

Describes the fertilisation of figs by Hymenoptera.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 Jan 1881
Classmark:  DAR 99: 217–20
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12996

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Review of Mayer 1882. ] Kosmos 12 (1882–3): 310–14. Solms-Laubach, Hermann.  1881a. Die …
  • … 1878b. Ueber Polyembryonie. Jenaische Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaft 12: 647–70. …

From Fritz Müller   15 June 1869

Summary

FM much gratified by the appearance of Für Darwin translation.

Discusses dimorphism in Rubiaceae.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 June 1869
Classmark:  DAR 110: B115; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Directors’ Correspondence 215/175)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6783

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 1869  and 18 March 1869 . In a letter of 12 June 1869 , Müller told his brother, Hermann …
  • … vol. 17, letter from Fritz Müller, 12 January 1869  and nn.  3–5, and letter to Fritz …

From Fritz Müller   31 October 1868

Summary

Writes on various observations and discoveries on dimorphic and trimorphic plants.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  31 Oct 1868
Classmark:  DAR 142: 98, 103
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6439

Matches: 2 hits

  • … from Fritz Müller, 1 December 1866  and n.  12). In 1867, Müller had sent specimens of …
  • … short-styled plants are much larger ( 1 12 mm ) and covered with numerous short spines. …

From Fritz Müller   2 August 1866

Summary

Gives some observations on orchids and on some plants which seem to be dichogamous.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Aug 1866
Classmark:  DAR 76: B33, 33a; DAR 157a: 81, 102; DAR 142: 38
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5173

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Edited by James A. H. Murray, et al. 12 vols. and supplement. Oxford: Clarendon Press. …
  • … stigmas which I examined I found numerous (6–12) pollinia; but this plant yielded only two …
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Lost in translation: From Auguste Forel, 12 November 1874

Summary

You receive a gift from your scientific hero Charles Darwin. It is a book that contains sections on your favourite topic—ants. If only you had paid attention when your mother tried to teach you English you might be able to read it. But you didn’t, and you…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … barely understand a word. Writing in French on 12 November 1874 to thank Darwin for the …

Darwin’s hothouse and lists of hothouse plants

Summary

Darwin became increasingly involved in botanical experiments in the years after the publication of Origin. The building of a small hothouse - a heated greenhouse - early in 1863  greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … Correspondence  vol. 10, letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] and n. 13). Initially, …
  • … Stove [that is, cool hothouse]’ ( Correspondence  vol. 12, letter to J. D. Hooker, 26[–7] March …
  • … of different temperatures’ (letter to W. C. Tait, 12 and 16 March [1869] ,  Calendar  no. 6661) …
  • … 100 yards’ to the greenhouses ( Correspondence  vol. 12, letter to J. D. Hooker, [25 January …
  • … in mid-February (see letter from L. C. Treviranus, 12 February 1863 ). The second list is …
  • …       Anoectochilus argenteus  12 5 s . …
  • … punctatum. 11.  Mormodes aurantiaca 12.  ‘Anoectochilus argenteus 5 s .’ deleted in …
  • …     Bolbophyllum barbigerum 12  major     …
  • …  Ampelidae. 11.  Alloplectus chrysanthus. 12.  Bulbophyllum barbigerum. 13. …

Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots

Summary

Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…

Matches: 12 hits

  • … Seventy years old Darwin’s seventieth birthday on 12 February was a cause for international …
  • … and good as could be’ ( letter from Karl Beger, [ c. 12 February 1879] ). The masters of …
  • … ). The botanist and schoolteacher Hermann Müller wrote on 12 February to wish Darwin a ‘long and …
  • … well, and with little fatigue’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 12 July 1879 , and letter from Leonard …
  • … ever about life of D r . D’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, 12 July [1879] ). It was little …
  • … Thiselton-Dyer, 5 June 1879 , and letter to G. H. Darwin, 12 July 1879 ). Darwin’s final task …
  • … inn ‘ very comfortable’, but told Leonard Darwin on 12 August that there were ‘too many human …
  • … not to have come up when the Darwins lunched with him on 12 August (Darwin’s ‘Journal’). Nor did …
  • … the world. At the end of the year he was awarded a prize of 12,000 francs by the Turin Academy of …
  • … which greatly pleased Darwin ( letter from Grant Allen, 12 February 1879 ). One of Allen’s targets …
  • … engagement being made public ( letter from T. H. Farrer, 12 October 1879 ). Darwin’s response not …
  • … accurate in its treatment’ ( letter from Francis Galton, 12 November 1879 ). The comment that …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … (letters from George Cupples, 21 February 1874 and 12 March 1874 ); the material was …
  • … the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii; letters from T. N. Staley, 12 February 1874 and 20 February 1874 …
  • …  was published in November 1874 ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). Though containing …
  • … print runs would be very good ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). Darwin's …
  • … Review & in the same type’  ( letter from John Murray, 12 August 1874 ). George’s letter …
  • … he finally wrote a polite, very formal letter to Mivart on 12 January 1875 , refusing to hold any …
  • … & snugness’ ( letter from Emma Darwin to J. B. Innes, 12 October [1874] ).   More …
  • … vicar of Deptford ( letter from Emma Darwin to J. B. Innes, 12 October [1874] ), but to her …
  • … mechanism that Darwin agreed with ( letter to F. J. Cohn, 12 October 1874 ). Darwin’s American …
  • … bank with enormous tips to his ears ( letter from Asa Gray, 12 May 1874 ). The Manchester …
  • … excellent, & as clear as light’ ( letter to John Tyndall, 12 August [1874] ). Hooker …

1.2 George Richmond, marriage portrait

Summary

< Back to Introduction Few likenesses of Darwin in his youth survive, although more may once have existed. In a letter of 1873 an old Shrewsbury friend, Arthur Mostyn Owen, offered to send Darwin a watercolour sketch of him, painted many years…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction Few likenesses of Darwin in his youth survive, although more …

Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers

Summary

In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … made a small omission ’. Stephen’s reply on 12 January was flattering, reassuring, and …
  • … books being ‘a game of chance’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 12 April 1881 ). On 18 May he described …
  • … Darwin had difficulty in obtaining mature plants. On 12 April, he reported to Müller , ‘I have …
  • … to make me happy & contented,’ he told Wallace on 12 July , ‘but life has become very …
  • … fight’ (letters to J. D. Hooker, 6 August 1881 and 12 August 1881 ). Darwin may have …
  • … else’s judgment on the subject ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 12 July 1881 ). However, some requests …

Darwin's in letters, 1873: Animal or vegetable?

Summary

Having laboured for nearly five years on human evolution, sexual selection, and the expression of emotions, Darwin was able to devote 1873 almost exclusively to his beloved plants. He resumed work on the digestive powers of sundews and Venus fly traps, and…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … which I ought to have observed” ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 January [1873] ).  Drosera  was the …
  • … on it—root leaf & branch!” ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 12 January 1873 ). Darwin found …
  • … of November 1872 and sold quickly. He wrote to Hooker on 12 January [1873] , “Did I ever boast to …

Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments

Summary

1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Hooker: ‘he is no common man’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] ). Two sexual …
  • … of the year, he wrote to Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] ): ‘my notions on …
  • … least 3 classes of dimorphism’ ( letter to Daniel Oliver, 12 [April 1862] ), and experimenting to …
  • … passed so miserable a nine months’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 12 September [1862] ). A family …
  • … ‘Botany is a new subject to me’ ( letter to John Scott, 12 November [1862] ), but, impressed by …
  • … into Tyndall’s ears’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 10–12 November [1862] ). Another of Darwin’s …

German and Dutch photograph albums

Summary

Darwin Day 2018: To celebrate Darwin's 209th birthday, we present two lavishly produced albums of portrait photographs which Darwin received from continental admirers 141 years ago. These unusual gifts from Germany and the Netherlands are made…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … their generous sympathy. ( Letter to A. A. van Bemmelen, 12 February 1877 )  View the …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … than insectivorous plants. As he confessed to Hooker on 12 December , ‘I have not felt so angry …
  • … from his family, he sent a curt note to Mivart on 12 January , breaking off all future …
  • … of a bill that was presented to the House of Commons on 12 May, one week after a rival bill based on …
  • … The author, Fritz Schultze, contacted Darwin himself on 12 June , describing the aims of his book …
  • … scientific Socy. has done in my time,’ he told Hooker on 12 December . ‘I wish that I knew what …

Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep

Summary

In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … on his sixty-ninth birthday ( letter to Ernst Haeckel, 12 February [1878] ), Darwin reflected that …
  • … ( letter to Francis Darwin, 17 July [1878] ). On 12 September , Darwin wrote: ‘Bernard is as …
  • … The Swiss botanist Arnold Dodel-Port announced on 12 June 1878 the first issue of an atlas with …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Rubiaceae  with enclosures containing bud samples,  12 May 1878 G. H. Darwin's …

Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( Correspondence  vol. 16, letter to W. D. Fox, 12 December [1868] ). He may have resented the …
  • … he had studied in the early 1860s ( letter to W. C. Tait, 12 and 16 March 1869 ). This research …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … speak of their own original researches’. He then added: 12 Very many other parts …
  • … was ‘unintentional’ ([Lubbock] 1863b, p. 214). 12. Letter from Hugh Falconer to John …
  • … Gesellschaft in Zürich  9 (1853–6): 65–100; 12 (1857–8): 111–56; 13 (1858–63): i–x; 14 (1858–63): 1 …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Haast, J.F.J. von 12 May - 2 June 1867 Christchurch, …
  • … Hagenauer, F.A. [12 Sept 1867] Lake Wellington, …
  • … Wedgwood, Sarah E to ED [30 March-12 April 1868] …
  • … Wilson, Samuel 12 Nov 1867 Longerenong, Wimmera, …

Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles

Summary

Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( Correspondence  vol. 3, letter to J. D. Hooker, [5 or 12 November 1845] ). In the event, the …
  • … a young Balanus in this illformed little monster? Fig 12.— . . . It is manifest this curious little …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … offspring of English fertile plants’ ( To Fritz Müller, 12 May 1870 ). From a fairly early …
  • … if the book had not yet been released ( From Asa Gray, 12 October 1876 ). Darwin sent the sheets, …
  • … as being as faultless as your temper’ ( From Asa Gray, 12 November 1876 ). The book was …

Henrietta Darwin's diary

Summary

Darwin's daughter Henrietta kept a diary for a few momentous weeks in 1871. This was the year in which Descent of Man, the most controversial of her father's books after Origin itself, appeared, a book which she had helped him write. The small…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … my telegram & I feared so to find from G. Lushingtons. 12 I think he  must  care—it can …
  • … parable of the talents see Matt. 25: 14–30. 12 Godfrey Lushington and Beatrice Ann …

Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … selection might work in nature ( letter from Charles Lyell, 1–2 May 1856, n. 10 ). He was …
  • … first made in a letter written by Lyell from London on 1–2 May 1856. Darwin took the suggestion …
  • … whole Lamarckian doctrine.’ ( letter from Charles Lyell, 1–2 May 1856, n. 7 ). The excitement and …

Darwin & Glen Roy

Summary

Although Darwin was best known for his geological work in South America and other remote Beagle destinations, he made one noteworthy attempt to explain a puzzling feature of British geology.  In 1838, two years after returning from the voyage, he travelled…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Lyell, [9 March 1841] To Charles Lyell, [12? March 1841] To William Fitton, …
  • … Chambers, 11 September 1847 To J.D. Hooker, [12? September 1847] To David …
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