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From Asa Gray   13 April 1863

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Summary

Hopes CD will finish and bring out his book on variation.

AG will publish extracts of H. W. Bates’s paper on mimetic analogy [Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 36 (1863): 279–94].

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 165: 133
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4089

To William Henry Flower   13 April [1863]

Summary

Asks WHF to obtain photographs of skull of ox for J. L. A. Quatrefages de Bréau.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Henry Flower
Date:  13 Apr [1863]
Classmark:  Quaritch (dealers) (2007)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4090

To M. T. Masters   [8–13 April 1863]

Summary

Sends two spikes of Corydalis.

Admits he may have drawn false inference from MTM’s division of peloria into two classes.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Maxwell Tylden Masters
Date:  [8–13 Apr 1863]
Classmark:  Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4091

From M. T. Masters   14 April 1863

Summary

Thanks CD for specimens which show that an abnormality in one genus is normal in another, which bears on CD’s views on descent.

Author:  Maxwell Tylden Masters
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 171: 69
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4092

From Daniel Oliver   14 April 1863

Summary

The ovule of Primula is amphitropous or what J. Georg Agardh calls apotropo-amphitropous [see Theoria systematis plantarum (1858), tab. 24, fig. 5–6].

Author:  Daniel Oliver
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 173: 21
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4093

From Robert Swinhoe   14 April 1863

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Summary

Difference in plumage of Ardeola, a species of heron, in summer and winter. [See Descent 2: 190.]

Author:  Robert Swinhoe
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 84.1: 18–19
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4094

To Armand de Quatrefages   [14 April 1863]

Summary

The niata is a very good case because the race is well established and must originate in South America. There is a description of the head by [Richard] Owen in the Descriptive catalogue of the osteological collection of the College of Surgeons.

Has observed modifications in the skeletons of rabbits, ducks, poultry, and pigeons. There is an extract about modifications in pigeons in the first chapter of Origin. Encloses a woodcut of crested or polish fowls; there is a change in the brain as well as in the exterior bones.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Jean Louis Armand (Armand de Quatrefages) Quatrefages de Bréau
Date:  [14 Apr 1863]
Classmark:  Bulletins de la Société d’Anthropologie de Paris 4 (1863): 378–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4094F

To Daniel Oliver   [after 14 April 1863]

Summary

Thanks for information on Primula ovules. From what DO says the pollen-tubes ought to find their way to the micropyle.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Daniel Oliver
Date:  [after 14 Apr 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 147: 214
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4095

From George Bentham   [c. 14 April 1863]

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Summary

Asks CD whether he knows of "anything worth looking at" that has appeared abroad on his theory of the origin of species.

Author:  George Bentham
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [c. 14 Apr 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 160: 155
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4096

To D. T. Ansted   15 April 1863

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Summary

Discusses the repayment of a loan made by CD to DTA and F. Ransome.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  David Thomas Ansted
Date:  15 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 210.10: 25
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4099

To George Bentham   15 April [1863]

Summary

Sends GB a selection of reviews of the Origin from his collection of about 90, with his opinion of some of them.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Bentham
Date:  15 Apr [1863]
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Bentham Correspondence, Vol. 3, Daintree–Dyer, 1830–1884, GEB/1/3: f. 700)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4100

From W. H. Flower   15 April 1863

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Summary

Discusses having skull photographed and a cast made.

Author:  William Henry Flower
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 164: 137
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4101

From William Hepworth Dixon   16 April 1863

Summary

Thinks CD’s letter ["The doctrine of heterogeny", Collected papers 2: 78–80] will appear "with a clearer field and to better effect" if delayed a week, since next issue [of Athenæum] has Lyell’s reply to Hugh Falconer, and W. B. Carpenter’s report on the Abbéville jaw.

Author:  William Hepworth Dixon
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 162: 186
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4102

To J. D. Hooker   [17 April 1863]

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Summary

Likes JDH’s review of Alphonse de Candolle [Mémoires et souvenirs de A. P. de Candolle (1862)].

Falconer’s article on Lyell ["Primitive man. What led to the question?", Athenæum 4 Apr 1863, pp. 459–60] too severe.

CD has written a letter to the Athenæum "to say, under the cloak of attacking Heterogeny, a word in my own defence" [Collected papers 2: 78–80].

Bates’s Travels [Naturalist on the river Amazons (1863)] are excellent.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  [17 Apr 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 190
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4103

From D. T. Ansted   17 April 1863

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Summary

Was unable to see Ransome [to find out whether DTA’s shares in the patent had earned any income so he could repay CD] but believes Ransome’s work will be profitable. Bemoans his own constant financial misfortune and asks CD to give up the deed of his loan to him, on the promise that if the shares ever yield any income, CD will be paid.

Author:  David Thomas Ansted
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 159: 75
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4104

From Isaac Anderson-Henry   17 April 1863

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Summary

Has done Primula polyanthus experiment CD suggested.

Author:  Isaac Anderson; Isaac Anderson Henry
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 159: 64
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4105

To Charles Lyell   18 April [1863]

Summary

Describes a letter he has written to the Athenæum in which he mentions CL’s views on species modification ["Doctrine of heterogeny", Collected papers 2: 78–80].

Comments on criticism of Lyell’s book [Antiquity] by Falconer and others.

Mentions his eczema.

Invites the Lyells to visit.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  18 Apr [1863]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.294)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4106

To H. W. Bates   18 April [1863]

Summary

Has finished vol. 1 [of Naturalist on the river Amazons]. CD praises book as "best ever published in England".

The review in the Athenæum was cold, as always, and insolent.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Henry Walter Bates
Date:  18 Apr [1863]
Classmark:  Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4107

To Athenæum   18 April [1863]

Summary

Attacks the doctrine of "heterogeny" (spontaneous generation during each geological period) as completely lacking in evidence.

Defends natural selection as connecting large classes of facts in natural history. That certain forms have not changed since remote epochs is not an objection of any force.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Athenæum
Date:  18 Apr [1863]
Classmark:  Athenæum, 25 April 1863, pp. 554–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4108

From P. G. King   19 April 1863

Summary

CD’s photograph evokes PGK’s reminiscence of CD in the Beagle.

Author:  Philip Gidley King
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 Apr 1863
Classmark:  DAR 169: 27
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4109
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