From Eduard von Eichwald 10 January 1872
Summary
Sends paper on the coasts of Alaska.
Wishes to sell his large Russian palaeontological collection.
Wants to get in touch with American (Mr Dall), who is going to study geology of Alaskan and Aleutian coast.
Author: | Karl Eduard (Eduard) von Eichwald |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 10 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | DAR 163: 13 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8155 |
From Henri Apatowsky 11 January 1872
Summary
Asks CD whether he will find a translator and publisher for a paper Dr A wrote in 1870, siding with Carl Vogt in defence of CD’s view of descent of man.
Author: | Henri Apatowsky |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 11 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | DAR 159: 77 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8156 |
To St G. J. Mivart 11 January [1872]
Summary
CD believes that StGJM has been unfair in his criticisms and has misrepresented him; he begs him not to write again. "Agassiz has uttered splendid sarcasms on me, but I still feel quite friendly towards him. M. Flourens cd. not find words to express his contempt of me: Pictet & Hopkins argued with great force against me: Fleeming Jenkin covered me with first-rate ridicule; & his crticisms were true & most useful: but none of their writings have mortified me as yours have done …" [See 8154.]
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | St George Jackson Mivart |
Date: | 11 Jan [1872] |
Classmark: | Karpeles Manuscript Library Museums |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8156A |
From Armand de Quatrefages 12 January 1872
Summary
Battle for CD’s nomination to the French Academy continues.
Author: | Jean Louis Armand (Armand de Quatrefages) Quatrefages de Bréau |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 12 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | DAR 175: 9 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8157 |
To J. E. Taylor 13 January [1872]
Summary
Thanks for sending his article in the Westminster Review [n.s. 41 (1872): 28–49] and the notice of CD’s work.
Natural selection is under a cloud at present, but CD expects that it will be resuscitated.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | John Ellor Taylor |
Date: | 13 Jan [1872] |
Classmark: | Morristown National Historical Park (Lloyd W. Smith MS 696) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8157A |
To Asa Gray 15 January 1872
Summary
Questions AG on earthworm activity in North America and would welcome information from northern Canada if AG has a correspondent there.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Asa Gray |
Date: | 15 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | Archives of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (99) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8158 |
To Armand de Quatrefages 15 January [1872]
Summary
Obliged for QdeB’s efforts [to have CD elected member of Académie Française].
With regard to stress that QdeB lays on man’s walking on two legs, no one attributes much significance to difference in mode of locomotion between seals and terrestrial Carnivora or kangaroos and other marsupials.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Jean Louis Armand (Armand de Quatrefages) Quatrefages de Bréau |
Date: | 15 Jan [1872] |
Classmark: | DAR 147: 289 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8159 |
To John Scott 15 January 1872
Summary
Is resuming the study of worm-casts as he believes they will bear on the denudation of land. Requests specific information on the relative number, size, and manner of deterioration of worm-casts in India.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | John Scott |
Date: | 15 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | Transactions of the Hawick Archæological Society (1908): 68 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8159F |
From J. J. Aubertin 16 January 1872
Summary
A friend of JJA’s wants CD’s opinion on whether the disease porigo decalvans (hair falling out in clumps) demonstrates the link between man and dogs and has continued to evolve with man after he passed out of his "hairy-animal state".
Capt. [Richard?] Burton disagrees with CD’s notion of beauty in the abstract, and would like to meet him.
Author: | John James Aubertin |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 16 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | DAR 159: 127 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8160 |
From Fritz Müller 16 January 1872
Summary
Has no objection to CD’s alluding to FM’s idea that sexual selection has come into play in mimetic butterflies.
Reports observations on other butterflies and on termites.
Author: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 16 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | DAR 142: 55 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8161 |
To C. H. Morris 16 January [1872]
Summary
Is sending the requested photograph.
Mr Murray will send a copy of CD’s Journal of researches to L. S. Bouton [see 8107a].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Caroline Honoria Campbell; Caroline Honoria Morris |
Date: | 16 Jan [1872] |
Classmark: | UCL Library Services, Special Collections (Tipped into Journal of researches (1860) R920 DAR) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8161A |
From Henry Huxley 17 and 20 January 1872
Summary
His father has gone to Egypt.
Tells of visit to circus.
Author: | Henry Huxley |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 17 and 20 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | DAR 166: 286 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8162 |
From P. C. Sutherland 17 January 1872
Summary
Has some birds which are allegedly the result of a cross between a common fowl and a guinea-fowl; describes their appearance, and will provide CD with likenesses.
Author: | Peter Cormack Sutherland |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 17 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | DAR 177: 321 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8163 |
From A. E. Dobbs 17 January 1872
Summary
Sends a pamphlet [not identified] in which he applies the principle of natural selection to the working of legislative institutions.
Author: | Archibald Edward Dobbs |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 17 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | DAR 162: 187 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8164 |
To W. W. Baxter? 17 January [1872–4]
Summary
Requests a prescribed physic [not specified].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | William Walmisley Baxter |
Date: | 17 Jan [1872-4] |
Classmark: | Houghton Library, Harvard University (Autograph File, D) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8165 |
To J. W. Dawson 19 January 1872
Summary
Thanks recipient for memoir on fossil plants of the Devonian and Upper Silurian.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | John William Dawson |
Date: | 19 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | McGill University Library, Department of Rare Books |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8166 |
To L. H. Morgan 20 January 1872
Summary
Thanks LHM for his work on consanguinity. [See 7299].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Lewis Henry Morgan |
Date: | 20 Jan 1872 |
Classmark: | University of Rochester Libraries, Department of Rare Books, Special Collections and Preservation |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8167 |
From Amy Ruck to Horace Darwin [20 January 1872]
Summary
Describes the occurrence of earthworms and the signs of earthworm activity in the neighbourhood.
Author: | Amy Richenda (Amy) Ruck; Amy Richenda (Amy) Darwin |
Addressee: | Horace Darwin |
Date: | [20 Jan 1872] |
Classmark: | DAR 176: 221 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8168 |
From L. C. Wedgwood 20 January [1872]
Summary
Gives results of probing worm-holes with wire.
Author: | Lucy Caroline Wedgwood; Lucy Caroline Harrison |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 20 Jan [1872] |
Classmark: | DAR 94: 1b |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8169 |
From Raphael Meldola 21 January [1872]
Summary
Discusses his paper on mimicry and natural selection [Land and Water 9 (1871): 321]. Believes natural selection tends to fix mimetic characters rigidly.
Author: | Raphael Meldola |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 21 Jan [1872] |
Classmark: | DAR 171: 117 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8170 |
letter | (626) |
Darwin, C. R. | (272) |
Cooke, R. F. | (21) |
John Murray | (21) |
Hooker, J. D. | (19) |
Reade, W. W. | (15) |
Darwin, C. R. | (338) |
Hooker, J. D. | (19) |
Cooke, R. F. | (16) |
John Murray | (16) |
Unidentified | (16) |
Darwin, C. R. | (610) |
Hooker, J. D. | (38) |
Cooke, R. F. | (37) |
John Murray | (37) |
Galton, Francis | (23) |

Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?
Summary
'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…
Matches: 29 hits
- … ‘My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, ‘is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can …
- … as evolution’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 27 July [1872] ). By the end of the year Darwin …
- … s. 6 d. ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 February 1872 ). Always closely involved in …
- … translator ( letter to J. J. Moulinié, 23 September 1872 ). He recapped the history of the French …
- … of the year ( letter from C.-F. Reinwald, 23 November 1872 ). To persuade his US publisher, …
- … Mivart ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). A worsening breach The …
- … beautiful’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 3 March 1872 ). I consider that you have …
- … Darwin ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 5 January 1872 ). Piqued, Mivart flung back by return of post …
- … errors’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 6 January 1872 ). Darwin likened the affair to the …
- … towards me’ ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 8 January [1872] ). Despite Darwin’s request that he …
- … world’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 10 January 1872 ). Darwin, determined to have the last …
- … acknowledge it ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). 'I hate controversy,’ Darwin …
- … I do it badly’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 3 August [1872] ). Darwin's theories under …
- … the world moves!’ ( letter from Mary Treat, 13 December 1872 ). 'Here is a bee' …
- … it at least in part ( letter to August Weismann, 5 April 1872 ). ‘I wanted some encouragement’, he …
- … to believe it’ ( letter to Herman Müller, [before 5 May 1872] ). Müller had sent him a …
- … of natural and sexual selection to bees (H. Müller 1872), and with his reply Darwin enclosed an …
- … standing’ ( letter to Hermann Müller, [before 5 May 1872] ). Finishing Expression …
- … doing nothing’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 22 October [1872] ). He was far from idle during their …
- … to be more erect’ ( letter to Briton Riviere, 19 May [1872] ). Riviere had been suggested to …
- … clever book’ ( letter to J. M. Herbert, 21 November 1872 ) and invited Butler to dinner the …
- … from Samuel Butler to Francis Darwin, [before 30 May 1872] , and letter from Samuel Butler, 30 …
- … feels no doubts’ ( letter to F. C. Donders, 17 June 1872 ). Right up to the beginning of June, …
- … Buckley Litchfield ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 13 May 1872 ). Delivery to the press brought only …
- … myself’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 25 July 1872 ). A battle for the independence of …
- … partisan reply ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 May 1872 ). On 13 June, a messenger arrived in …
- … to letter from John Lubbock to W. E. Gladstone, 20 June 1872 ). Darwin was quietly using his …
- … an old honest Tory’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 July [1872] ). Darwin and Wallace: …
- … Wallace’s defence ( letter to Nature , 3 August [1872] ). Although the two men were …

Diagrams and drawings in letters
Summary
Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

New features for Charles Darwin's 208th birthday
Summary
The website has been updated with an interactive timeline (try it!) and enhanced secondary school resources for ages 11-14. What's more, the full texts of the letters for 1872 are now online for the first time, and a selection of Darwin's…

Darwin’s queries on expression
Summary
When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…
Referencing women’s work
Summary
Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…
Matches: 7 hits
- … Letter 8321 - Darwin to Litchfield, H. E., [13 May 1872] Darwin consults his …
- … Letter 7345 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [15 June 1872] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, reports …
- … Letter 8427 - Darwin to Litchfield H. E., [25 July 1872] Darwin thanks Henrietta for …
- … 8168 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [20 January 1872] Amy Ruck reports the results …
- … 8193 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [1 February 1872] Amy Ruck sends a second …
- … Letter 8224 - Darwin to Ruck, A. R., [24 February 1872] Darwin asks his …
- … Letter 7345 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [15 June 1872] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, reports …
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Matches: 9 hits
- … Letter 8676 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [13 December 1872] Mary Treat details her …
- … Letter 8683 - Roberts, D. to Darwin, [17 December 1872] Dora Roberts reports an …
- … 8144 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L. C., [5 January 1872] Darwin asks his niece, Lucy, …
- … 8168 - Ruck, A. R . to Darwin, H., [20 January 1872] Amy Ruck reports the results …
- … Letter 8224 - Darwin to Ruck, A. R., [24 February 1872] Darwin asks his …
- … Letter 8169 - Wedgwood, L. to Darwin, [20 January, 1872] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, gives the …
- … 8427 - Darwin to Litc hfield, H. E., [25 July 1872] Darwin thanks Henrietta for …
- … 8153 - Darwin to Darwin, W. E., [9 January 1872] Darwin thanks his son William …
- … Letter 8676 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [13 December 1872] Mary Treat details her …

Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters
Summary
On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Lydia Becker, 2 August 1863 ; to Mary Treat, 5 January 1872 ). Click on the play …

Language: key letters
Summary
How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

Survival of the fittest: the trouble with terminology Part II
Summary
The most forceful and persistent critic of the term ‘natural selection’ was the co-discoverer of the process itself, Alfred Russel Wallace. Wallace seized on Herbert Spencer’s term ‘survival of the fittest’, explicitly introduced as an alternative way of…
Matches: 1 hits
- … the fittest’ as ‘survival of the better’ (see Spencer 1872, and the letter to Herbert Spencer, 10 …
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Darwin as mentor
Summary
Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…

Have you read the one about....
Summary
... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.
Matches: 1 hits
- … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …
4.13 'Fun' cartoon by Griset, 'Emotional'
Summary
< Back to Introduction Ernest Griset’s drawing titled ‘Emotional!’ was published in Fun magazine on 23 November 1872, and is another skit referring to Darwin’s recently published Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. A hippopotamus had been…

Thomas Rivers
Summary
Rivers and Darwin exchanged around 30 letters, most in 1863 when Darwin was hard at work on the manuscript of Variation of plants and animals under domestication, the lengthy and detailed sequel to Origin of species. Rivers, an experienced plant breeder…
Matches: 1 hits
- … for the prosperity I have long enjoyed” ( 29 March 1872 ). …
4.5 William Beard, comic painting
Summary
< Back to Introduction In June 1872, Darwin’s friend Asa Gray, the Harvard Professor of Botany, sent him a print or photograph of a comic painting by the American artist William Holbrook Beard. Titled The Youthful Darwin Expounding His Theories, it…
Matches: 3 hits

Climbing Plants
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A monograph by which to work After the publication of On the Origin of Species, Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, The Descent of Man, and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals in…

Earthworms
Summary
As with many of Darwin’s research topics, his interest in worms spanned nearly his entire working life. Some of his earliest correspondence about earthworms was written and received in the 1830s, shortly after his return from his Beagle voyage, and his…

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
Matches: 3 hits
3.16 Oscar Rejlander, photos
Summary
< Back to Introduction Darwin’s plans for the illustration of his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born painter and photographer, Oscar Gustaf Rejlander. Rejlander gave Darwin the notes that he had…
Matches: 4 hits
- … book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born …
- … him in May, August and October 1871, and in March and August 1872, but some of these payments, and …
- … April 1871, and reproduced in the London Journal in June 1872. Darwin also sent it to various …
- … one of Huxley, in The London Journal , 55:1426 (8 June 1872), p. 357, illustrating an article …
4.20 Frederick Waddy, caricature
Summary
< Back to Introduction A series of portrait caricatures drawn by Frederick Waddy appeared in the journal Once a Week through 1872. It clearly emulated the more famous series in Vanity Fair, and indeed, Waddy’s drawing of Darwin has the same title or…