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Darwin Correspondence Project

From Hyde Clarke   27 December 1877

32 St. George’s Square | S. W.

27 Dec 1877

My dear Sir,

It may interest you to know that I have succeeded in the task, which has occupied me for some years, of establishing the unity of language in its developement.

For this purpose it was necessarily especially to investigate the languages of america under considerable difficulty from deficiency of material, as well as the demand on my time from other occupations.1

So far as I know there is no language, which is separate, & which does not belong to the general stock.

On psychological grounds the developement of language means the developement of mythology & of culture. In this respect the nations of the highest advancement bear traces of the early culture of mankind. It may be roughly said there are no languages which are not “black” languages in their ground work

The results are of course very different from what Prof Max Muller & philogists have been accustomed to believe.2

It will take many men & many years yet to work out all the details, but, even with what I have already published, there is convincing evidence.

As knowing language is so closely connected with nature worship, there is no room for a separate creation of it, which some of our friends believe.3

I have also just found that the idea of Hand, Finger &c is only secondary in numerals, & that 5 & 10 are primarily to be referred to Navel, Belly &c, that is to the early mythology.

Yours faithfully | Hyde Clarke

Charles Darwin Esq D &c FRS

Footnotes

Clarke had published the results of his research in his book Researches in prehistoric and protohistoric comparative philology, mythology, and archæology, in connection with the origin of culture in America and the Accad or Sumerian families (Clarke 1875).
Friedrich Max Müller associated the study of language with the study of culture and separated language families on this basis. Max Müller’s ‘Lectures on Mr. Darwin’s philosophy of language’ (Max Müller 1873) had challenged CD’s theory of language; CD addressed the criticisms in Descent 2d ed., pp. 88–90.
Clarke may allude to Max Müller’s contention that language was unique to humans and thus a separate creation (see Max Müller 1873, pp. 666–9).

Bibliography

Clarke, Hyde. 1875. Researches in prehistoric and protohistoric comparative philology, mythology, and archæology, in connection with the origin of culture in America and the Accad or Sumerian families. London: N. Trübner & Co.

Descent 2d ed.: The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874.

Müller, Hermann. 1873. Die Befruchtung der Blumen durch Insekten und die gegenseitigen Anpassungen beider. Ein Beitrag zur Erkenntniss des ursächlichen Zusammenhanges in der organischen Natur. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.

Summary

Informs CD of his work on the "unity of language in its development".

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-11292
From
Henry Hyde (Hyde) Clarke
To
Charles Robert Darwin
Sent from
London, St George’s Square, 32
Source of text
DAR 161: 161
Physical description
ALS 5pp

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 11292,” accessed on 20 April 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-11292.xml

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