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Darwin And Evolution
Summary
What is evolution? What did Darwin discover and how did he come to his conclusions?
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- … letters, his study of pigeons and the story of the peppered moth are all used to explain terms such …
Was Darwin an ecologist?
Summary
One of the most fascinating aspects of Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the extent to which the experiments he performed at his home in Down, in the English county of Kent, seem to prefigure modern scientific work in ecology.
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- … the comet orchid, Angraecum sesquipedale , with the moth that pollinates it. Darwin discussed …
- … with nectar only at the extremity. What a proboscis the moth that sucks it, must have! It is a very …
- … and speculated on the co-adaptation of orchid and moth: As certain moths of Madagascar …
- … so it would be in successive generations of the plant and moth. Thus it would appear that there has …
- … in the forests of Madagascar, and still troubles each moth to insert its proboscis as far as …
- … (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903: p. 32.) Learn more about the moth’s prediction and discovery …
- … the result of a mindless ‘race’ between a flower and a moth. Although Darwin sees the race as one …
- … & Co. Kritsky, Gene. 2001. Darwin’s Madagascan hawk moth prediction. American …
Orchids
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A project to follow On the Origin of Species Darwin began to observe English orchids and collect specimens from abroad in the years immediately following the publication of On the Origin of Species. Examining…
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Darwin in letters, 1867: A civilised dispute
Summary
Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, The variation of animals and plants under domestication (Variation). The importance of Darwin’s network of correspondents becomes vividly apparent in his work on expression in…
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- … sesquipedale with its pollinator, a hypothetical sphinx moth (which Darwin had predicted must …
Darwin and ecological science
Summary
The word ‘ecology’ did not exist until 1867, and was not used in an English publication until 1876; Darwin himself never used it, yet it was his work on the complex interactions of organisms and habitats that inspired the word’s creation and he is often…
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- … in the orchid Angraecum sesquipedale and its moth pollinator. ‘Beauty and the seed’ …
Natural Science and Femininity
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters A conflation of masculine intellect and feminine thoughts, habits and feelings, male naturalists like Darwin inhabited an uncertain gendered identity. Working from the private domestic comfort of their homes and exercising…
Joseph Dalton Hooker
Summary
The 1400 letters exchanged between Darwin and Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911) account for around 10% of Darwin’s surviving correspondence and provide a structure within which all the other letters can be explored. They are a connecting thread that spans…
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- … completely accurate prediction that there must be a moth with an exceptionally large proboscis as …
Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings
Summary
‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…
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- … the proboscis of Ophideres fullonica , an orange-sucking moth. He observed the hygroscopic …
Essay: Evolutionary teleology
Summary
—by Asa Gray EVOLUTIONARY TELEOLOGY When Cuvier spoke of the ‘combination of organs in such order that they may be in consistence with the part which the animal has to play in Nature,’ his opponent, Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, rejoined, ‘I know nothing of…
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- … and this is placed exactly where the head of a moth or butterfly will be pressed against it when it …
