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Darwin Correspondence Project

To Frank Hurndall   20 September 1881

Down, Beckenham, Kent.

Sept. 20, 1881.

Private.

Dear Sir

Many statements have been published of frogs and toads having been found in completely closed holes in rock, timber, coal, &c. but they are quite incredible.1 No animal can live without oxygen and food. Dr. Buckland many years ago tried experiments, but all his buried specimens died.2 The most probable explanation which has been suggested is that the animal crawls into holes whilst very small and cannot escape, but feeds on any insects which may crawl in. As for the mouth of the frog being closed in the case referred to by you, no naturalist would credit it for a moment, unless the animal had been carefully dissected by an experienced anatomist.

Dear Sir | Yours faithfully | Chas. Darwin

Footnotes

For William Buckland’s experiments, carried out in the 1820s, which showed that toads could not survive entombment for more than a year, see Gordon 1894, p. 89.

Bibliography

Gordon, Elizabeth Oke. 1894. The life and correspondence of William Buckland, D.D., F.R.S., sometime dean of Westminster, twice president of the Geological Society, and first president of the British Association. London: John Murray.

Summary

No frogs or toads are able to live in completely closed holes. Cites experiment by William Buckland.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-13345
From
Charles Robert Darwin
To
Watkin Frank (Frank) Hurndall
Sent from
Down
Source of text
DAR 145: 146
Physical description
C 1p

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 13345,” accessed on 21 September 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-13345.xml

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