From T. L. Brunton 23 May 1874
23 Somerset St. Portman Sq | London W.
May 23d. 1874
My dear Sir
I am ashamed to see the date on this & to compare it with that upon yours1 most especially as my excuse for delay is insufficient when I come to look fairly at it although when hazily regarded in the way one sometimes looks at such things it seemed to me to assume larger proportions than it does now when I bring it into focus. I don’t know indeed how to present it, so insignificant does it look without the hazy medium which I can’t give but the whole is that finding one of my reagent bottles empty I wanted to replenish it from my stock at the Hospital2 & regularly forgot to replenish while there till so many days had passed that I thought I must needs give you the whole answer to your other questions as well as that regarding the milk in my reply but unfortunately find I can’t do so till some day next week & so I write now as I am thoroughly ashamed of my delay.3 The part of the slide nearest the label & which seemed to you the best contained small refracting bodies which were either oil or resin. They were soluble in ether but so was the resin also with which the glass was secured I suppose however that they presented much the same appearance before the balsam was put on & therefore think that one may say with confidence that they were oil. In the other part of the slide were several bacteria. They seemed to refract light more strongly than usual but Dr. Ferrier who worked at the subject of low organisms for several months felt almost certain that they were bacteria.4
It is very odd that adding a minute drop of hydrochloric acid of 1 per cent should stop the digestion of albumen while a drop of per cent should not. Too strong an acid certainly stops the digestive action of pepsin but the strength of 1 per cent (of ordinary acid = ·318 of real acid) is not very far from that which Brucke found to digest albumen most actively.5 For fibrin the best strength was 2·7 & 2·76 per cent of commercial acid when raised to 4· per cent digestion became much slower. When the acid was diluted digestion became gradually slower to 1·38 & 1·41 & when the dilution had reached ·69 digestion had become considerably slower. The best strength for neutralized white of egg was between 3·77 & 5. For not neutralized albumen 5·46. These numbers are taken from the abstract of Brücke’s paper in Canstatts Jahresbericht & I have converted the amount of absolute ClH in a litre which he gives into commercial acid per cent.6
Commercial pepsin consists of the cells lining the stomach scraped off with a blunt knife & dried & contains a good deal of albuminous material. I don’t think I have ever got it quite dissolved in any of my experiments but I have not yet ascertained even approximately what proportion remains undissolved I hope to be able in a few days to give you the results of the digestion of bones & of urea & shortly after some facts about digestion by the papaw7
I remain my dear Sir | Yours very truly | T Lauder Brunton
CD annotations
Footnotes
Bibliography
Brücke, Ernst Wilhelm. 1861. Beiträge zur Lehre von der Verdauung. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 43 (2d part): 601–23.
Brunton, Thomas Lauder. 1885. A text-book of pharmacology, therapeutics and materia medica; adapted to the United States pharmacopœia. London: Macmillan & Co.
Ferrier, David. 1872. The constant occurrence of Sarcina ventriculi (Goodsir) in the blood of man and the lower animals: with remarks on the nature of sarcinous vomiting. British Medical Journal, 27 January 1872, pp. 98–9.
Kirwan, Richard. 1797. Additional observations on the proportion of real acid in the three antient known mineral acids, and on the ingredients in various neutral salts and other compounds. [Read 16 December 1797.] Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy 7 (1800): 163–297.
Summary
Comments on his examination of slides [of milk casein?] sent by CD.
Surprised by CD’s finding that a drop of one per cent hydrochloric acid stops digestion of albumen by Drosera.
Letter details
- Letter no.
- DCP-LETT-10512
- From
- Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1st baronet
- To
- Charles Robert Darwin
- Sent from
- London, Somerset St, 23
- Source of text
- DAR 58.1: 120–2
- Physical description
- ALS 6pp †
Please cite as
Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 10512,” accessed on 26 September 2022, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-10512.xml
Also published in The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, vol. 24 (Supplement)