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Darwin Correspondence Project

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To J. D. Hooker 25 March [1874]

Summary

Thanks for information about Hedychium. Hopes wings of Sphinx will be found covered with pollen for that will be a fine bit of prophecy from the structure of a flower to special and new means of fertilisation.

Has been at Descent so hard he has done nothing, not even H. Spencer’s answer.

Has not yet read Croll ["Ocean currents", London Edinburgh & Dublin Philos. Mag. 47 (1874): 94–122, 168–90].

Has heard nothing about Carter and Eozoon. Eozoon, he infers, is done for.

Has read Belt [The naturalist in Nicaragua (1874)]: best of all natural history travel books.

Has written to Fritz Müller about leaf-carrying ants.

Hopes to resume work on Drosera.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:	25 Mar [1874]
Classmark:	DAR 95: 317–19
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9372

Matches: 22 hits

… To J. D. Hooker 25 March [1874] …
… DAR 95: 317–19 Charles Robert Darwin Down 25 Mar [1874] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
… read Belt [ The naturalist in Nicaragua (1874)]: best of all natural history travel books. …
… Revised edition. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1874. Correspondence : The correspondence of …
… London Edinburgh & Dublin Philos. Mag. 47 (1874): 94–122, 168–90]. Has heard nothing about …
… this letter and the letter from J. D. Hooker, 24 March 1874 . See letter from J. …
… D. Hooker, 24 March 1874 and n. 1. Sphinx or hawk-moths are essential for fertilising …
… Coral reefs 2d ed. (see letter to Smith, Elder & Co , 8 January 1874, and letter to J. …
… D. Hooker, 27 [March 1874] ). Hooker’s youngest children were suffering from whooping …
… letter from J. D. Hooker, 24 March 1874 and nn. 3, 5, and 6). George Howard Darwin’s …
… Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Descent : The descent of man, and selection …
… letter from J. D. Hooker, 24 March 1874 and n. 14. George Howard Darwin was commenting …
… the letter from J. D. Hooker, 24 March 1874 and nn. 12 and 13. CD had accepted that …
… O’Brien 1970 ). CD refers to Thomas Belt’s The naturalist in Nicaragua ( Belt 1874 ). See …
… letter to Fritz Müller, 1 January 1874 , in which CD made this request and informed Müller …
… that he was sending him a copy of Belt 1874 . Belt …
… discussed leaf-carrying ants in Belt 1874 , pp. 80–1. CD finished working on Descent 2d …
… April (see letter to R. F. Cooke, 8 April 1874 and n. 1), and by 12 April he was again …
… see letter to Edward Frankland, 12 April 1874 ). CD had begun studying the effects of …
… see letter from J. D. Hooker, 24 March 1874 and n. 16). In Insectivorous plants , p. …
… letter to J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 21 March 1874 and n. 2. Hooker and William Turner …
… 4). CD had spent the first three months of 1874 working on Descent 2d ed. (‘Journal’ ( …

To H. E. Litchfield 27 [March 1874]

Summary

Thanks her for her excellent criticisms and corrections [for 2d ed. of Coral reefs?].

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:	27 [Mar 1874]
Classmark:	DAR 153: 85
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9325

Matches: 12 hits

… To H. E. Litchfield 27 [March 1874] …
… DAR 153: 85 Charles Robert Darwin Down 27 [Mar 1874] Henrietta Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma …
… Bibliography Abbot, Francis Ellingwood. 1874. Darwin’s theory of conscience: its …
… to scientific ethics. Index , 12 March 1874, 122–5. Coral reefs 2d ed. : The structure and …
… of coral reefs. By Charles Darwin. Revised edition. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1874. …
… to the letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 [March 1874] . Henrietta was helping to correct the …
… 2d ed. (see also letter to H. E. Litchfield, 21 [March 1874] ). Ellen Harriet Tollet …
… stayed at Down from 24 to 28 March 1874 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). See letter to …
… J. D. Hooker, 27 [March 1874] and n. 2. The original copyist was unable to read CD’s …
… Darwin’s theory of conscience’ ( Abbot 1874 ), which was published in the Index (see …
… letter from F. E. Abbot, 3 March 1874 ). CD’s annotated copy is in DAR 139.12.3. …
… Buckley Litchfield stayed at Down from 2 to 9 April 1874 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). …

From E. A. Darwin 17 [March 1874]

Summary

Reports the balloting [for Henry Parker at the Athenaeum?] went off just right.

Author:	Erasmus Alvey Darwin
Addressee:	Charles Robert Darwin
Date:	17 [Mar 1874]
Classmark:	DAR 105: B92
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9365

Matches: 14 hits

… From E. A. Darwin 17 [March 1874] …
… DAR 105: B92 Erasmus Alvey Darwin unstated 17 [Mar 1874] Charles Robert Darwin …
… by the date of Henry Parker’s election to the Athenaeum Club in March 1874. See …
… letter to George Bentham, 9 March [1874] and n. 3. CD and …
… Henry Parker was elected a member of the Athenaeum Club on 16 March 1874 (see letter to …
… George Bentham, 9 March [1874] and n. 3; Waugh [1888] ); candidates were excluded if …
… was also elected to the Athenaeum Club in 1874 (Waugh 1888). William Charles Green was …
… to vote for his nephew (see letter to George Bentham, 9 March [1874] ; letter to Edward …
… Frankland, 9 March [1874] ; letter to a member of …
… the Athenaeum Club, 9 March [1874] ; letter to Alfred …
… Newton, 9 March [1874] ; letter to John …
… Tyndall, 9 March [1874] ; letter to Thomas …
… Woolner, 9 March 1874 ; and letter from …
… John Phillips, 14 March 1874 ). Several members of the Courtenay family belonged to the …

To F. E. Abbot 30 March 1874

Summary

FEA has expressed CD’s views on the moral sense with remarkable clearness and correctness; his eulogy is magnificent ["Darwin’s theory of conscience and its relation to scientific ethics", Index 12 Mar 1874]. Cannot give a judgment on the essay because he has had "no practice in following abstract and abstruse reasoning".

CD does not see how morality can be "objective and universal". No one would call the maternal bond in lower animals a "moral obligation". When a social animal "becomes in some slight incipient degree" a moral creature "capable of approving or disapproving of its own conduct" do not such obligations remain of a so-called instinctive nature rather than becoming at once moral obligations?

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Francis Ellingwood Abbot
Date:	30 Mar 1874
Classmark:	Harvard University Archives (Papers of F. E. Abbot, 1841–1904. Named Correspondence, 1857–1903. Folder: Darwin, Charles and W. E. Darwin (son), 1871–1883, box 44. HUG 1101)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9377

Matches: 13 hits

… To F. E. Abbot 30 March 1874 …
… Bibliography Abbot, Francis Ellingwood. 1874. Darwin’s theory of conscience: its …
… relation to scientific ethics. Index , 12 March 1874, 122–5. …
… 1883, box 44. HUG 1101) Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 Mar 1874 Francis Ellingwood Abbot …
… of the ultimate Nature of Things’ that made society possible. See Abbot 1874 , p. 123. …
… CD scored these passages in his annotated copy of Abbot 1874 (DAR 139.12.3). …
… Abbot had hoped that CD would review Abbot 1874 in the form of a letter that could be …
… published in the Index (see letter from F. E. Abbot, 3 March 1874 ). …
… to scientific ethics", Index 12 Mar 1874]. Cannot give a judgment on the essay because he …
… Down Beckenham Kent Mar 30 1874 My dear Sir I have rec d your kind letter of the 3 rd & …
… See letter from F. E. Abbot, 3 March 1874 ; the copies of the Index contained Abbot’s …
… its relation to scientific ethics’ ( Abbot 1874 ). Abbot, in addition to the generally …
… England’s greatest living thinker’ ( Abbot 1874 , p. 123). Abbot argued that CD’s theory …

From Hubert Airy 13 March 1874

Summary

Has rewritten paper on leaf arrangement after criticism by Royal Society referees. Has found new factor influencing leaf arrangement, i.e., spontaneous variability in the number of vertical leaf-ranks.

Author:	Hubert Airy
Addressee:	Charles Robert Darwin
Date:	13 Mar 1874
Classmark:	DAR 159: 29
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9357

Matches: 12 hits

… From Hubert Airy 13 March 1874 …
… DAR 159: 29 Hubert Airy Keswick 13 Mar 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
… Society of London 21 (1872–3): 176–9. Airy, Hubert. 1874. On leaf-arrangement. Abstract. …
… Communicated by Charles Darwin. [Read 30 April 1874. ] Proceedings of the Royal Society of …
… Keswick. | Cumberland. 13 th . March. 1874. My dear Sir I have re-written my paper on …
… volume, letter from Hubert Airy, 8 January 1874 . Airy’s earlier paper had been rejected …
… was read at a meeting of the society in April 1874, but only an abstract of the paper was …
… in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of London ( H. Airy 1874 ). The summary of Airy’ …
… s argument ( H. Airy 1874 , p. …
… 307) was reprinted in Nature , 14 May 1874, pp. 36–7. …
… See H. Airy 1874 , pp. 304–5. …
… See H. Airy 1874 , pp. 305–7. Starfish typically have five rays or arms, but some always …

From J. D. Hooker 24 March 1874

Summary

"Half an answer" to CD’s query on visit of Sphinx to Hedychium gardnerianum.

Business affairs and family ill health keep him busy.

G. J. Allman will succeed Bentham as President of Linnean Society. Busk has refused.

Huxley is well.

JDH has indoctrinated Sir Stafford Northcote with his merits.

Lyell frail.

Old J. E. Gray goes on publishing.

"Is not [Thomas] Belt splendid!"

Author:	Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:	Charles Robert Darwin
Date:	24 Mar 1874
Classmark:	DAR 103: 195–7
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9371

Matches: 17 hits

… From J. D. Hooker 24 March 1874 …
… DAR 103: 195–7 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew 24 Mar 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
… note for his reply to Hooker; see letter to J. D. Hooker, 25 March [1874] and n. 5. …
… the letter from J. A. Gammie, 16 February 1874 . He had probably written to Gammie of …
… lily, Hedychium gardnerianum . Later in 1874, Gammie sent information direct to CD on the …
… letter from J. A. Gammie, 28 August 1874 ). Hooker, in addition to his duties at Kew, …
… 2): 535–644. Carpenter, William Benjamin. 1874. Remarks on Mr. H. J. Carter’s letter to …
… 4th ser. 13: 277–84. Carter, Henry John. 1874. On the structure called Eozoon canadense in …
… 4th ser. 40 (October 1870): 233–59; 42 (October 1871): 241–80; 47 (February 1874): 94– …
… 122, (March 1874): 168–90. Dawson, John William. 1864. On the structure of certain organic …
… see letter from J. D. Hooker, 3 March 1874 and n. 2), probably participating in the …
… see letter to George Bentham, 9 March [1874] and n. 3), and dealing with the distribution …
… see letter from J. D. Hooker, 3 March 1874 and n. 2); there was therefore no-one to …
… year at the anniversary meeting on 25 May 1874 ( Proceedings of the Linnean Society of …
… s The naturalist in Nicaragua ( Belt 1874 ). James Croll had just published a continuation …
… 8. Henry John Carter had stated in Carter 1874 , p. 193, that it was ‘wild conjecture’ to …
… structure of the organism (see Carpenter 1874 ). The Eozoon canadense had first been …

To Albert Wigand 17 March 1874

Summary

Thanks AJWW for his frank and generous criticism. [See 9352.] Having viewed all natural objects under the light of natural selection for more than thirty years, CD thinks it unlikely that any arguments short of demonstration can convince him of error.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Julius Wilhelm Albert (Albert) Wigand
Date:	17 Mar 1874
Classmark:	Autograph Collector (journal) June 1999
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9365A

Matches: 8 hits

… To Albert Wigand 17 March 1874 …
… June 1999 Charles Robert Darwin Down 17 Mar 1874 Julius Wilhelm Albert (Albert) Wigand …
… Bibliography Wigand, Albert. 1874–7. Der Darwinismus und die Naturforschung Newtons und …
… und Cuviers (‘Darwinism and the natural researches of Newton and Cuvier’; Wigand 1874–7 ). …
… See letter from Albert Wigand, 11 March 1874 . See …
… letter from Albert Wigand, 11 March 1874 and n. 3. …
… All three volumes of Wigand 1874–7 are in the Darwin Library–Down. …
… Down, | Beckenham, Kent. March 17 th 1874 Dear Sir I thank you for your extremely kind …

To Albert Wigand 31 March 1874

Summary

Confirms receipt of a book that had been lost by the Post Office (Vol. 1 Der Darwinismus und die Naturforschung Newtons und Cuviers (Darwinism and the natural researches of Newton and Cuvier; Wigand 1874–7).

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Julius Wilhelm Albert (Albert) Wigand
Date:	31 Mar 1874
Classmark:	Christie’s, London (dealers) (12 July 2017)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9381F

Matches: 7 hits

… To Albert Wigand 31 March 1874 …
… 12 July 2017) Charles Robert Darwin Down 31 Mar 1874 Julius Wilhelm Albert (Albert) Wigand …
… und Cuviers (Darwinism and the natural researches of Newton and Cuvier; Wigand 1874–7). …
… Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Mar 31 1874 Dear Sir I have the pleasure to inform you that I …
… and the natural researches of Newton and Cuvier; Wigand 1874–7 ). See Correspondence vol. …
… 22, letter to Albert Wigand, 17 March 1874 . …
… University Press. 1985–. Wigand, Albert. 1874–7. Der Darwinismus und die Naturforschung …

To Smith, Elder & Co. 27 March [1874]

Summary

Heavily correcting sheets for Coral reefs, 2d ed. [1874]. Offers to pay extra printer’s charges.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Smith, Elder & Co
Date:	27 Mar [1874]
Classmark:	National Library of Scotland (MS.23181, ff.16-20 (S. E. & Co. work slip, ff.16-17, letter ff.18-19, address envelope f.20))
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9374

Matches: 8 hits

… To Smith, Elder & Co. 27 March [1874] …
… correcting sheets for Coral reefs , 2d ed. [1874]. Offers to pay extra printer’s charges. …
… 19, address envelope f.20)) Charles Robert Darwin Down 27 Mar [1874] Smith, Elder & Co …
… edition. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1874. Coral reefs : The structure and distribution of …
… late May (see letter from G. H. Darwin, 30 May 1874 ), and its publication was announced …
… in Publishers’ circular , 1 July 1874, p. 420. CD’s daughter, Henrietta Emma Litchfield , …
… the proofs of Coral reefs 2d ed. (see letters to H. E. Litchfield, 21 [March 1874] and …
… 27 [March 1874] ). The Geological Society of London . …

To J. T. Moggridge 10 March 1874

Summary

Criticises paper by Ziegler [see 9339].

Acid experiments on seeds have failed.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	John Traherne Moggridge
Date:	10 Mar 1874
Classmark:	DAR 146: 381
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9349

Matches: 8 hits

… To J. T. Moggridge 10 March 1874 …
… DAR 146: 381 Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Mar 1874 John Traherne Moggridge …
… invalid for several years; he died on 24 November 1874 at the age of …
… 32 ( Gardeners’ Chronicle , 5 December 1874, p. 723). See letter from …
… J. T. Moggridge, 7 March 1874 . …
… See letter from J. T. Moggridge, 7 March 1874 and enclosure. The reference is to Martin …
… for one minute. See letter from J. T. Moggridge, 7 March 1874 . Moggridge had been an …
… Down Beckenham March 10 th . 1874 My dear M r . Moggridge It is uncommonly kind of you to …

To Albert Günther [c. 2 March 1874]

Summary

Encloses a circular [9384?] to explain the predicament he is in. Asks whether AG can get anyone at the British Museum, other than Owen, to join J. E. Gray in signing.

Believes the account of the Mallotus in American Naturalist [5 (1871): 119] is trustworthy.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Albrecht Carl Ludwig Gotthilf (Albert) Günther
Date:	[c. 2 Mar 1874]
Classmark:	Shrewsbury School, Taylor Library (39)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9383

Matches: 10 hits

… To Albert Günther [ c. 2 March 1874] …
… 39) Charles Robert Darwin Down [ c. 2 Mar 1874] Albrecht Carl Ludwig Gotthilf (Albert) …
… Albert Günther, 26 February 1874 . See …
… letter from Albert Günther, 26 February 1874 and n. 5. In Descent 1: 308–9, CD described …
… to the Royal Society of London, 2 March [1874] , and by the date of the meeting at which …
… meeting of the Royal Society on 5 March 1874, at which the candidates for election were …
… letter to the Royal Society of London, 2 March [1874] and nn. 2 and 3, and letter to H. …
… B. Tristram, 3 March [1874] and n. 1). Richard Owen and John Edward Gray worked at the …
… 372). See letter from Albert Günther, 26 February 1874 . See the discussion of Mallotus …
… the capelin) in the letter to Albert Günther, 25 February 1874 , and the letter from …

To J. D. Hooker 27 [March 1874]

Summary

Etty [Henrietta Litchfield] is helping with Coral reefs [2d ed.]; will JDH lend her his copy?

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:	27 [Mar 1874]
Classmark:	DAR 95: 320
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9373

Matches: 7 hits

… To J. D. Hooker 27 [March 1874] …
… DAR 95: 320 Charles Robert Darwin Down 27 [Mar 1874] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
… s copy of Coral reefs in January (see letters to J. D. Hooker, 8 January 1874 and …
… 18 January [1874] ). …
… edition. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1874. Coral reefs : The structure and distribution of …
… letter to H. E. Litchfield, 21 [March 1874] . CD’s daughter Henrietta Emma Litchfield …
… letter to H. E. Litchfield, 21 [March 1874] ). There were three maps in Coral reefs ; CD …

To H. E. Litchfield 21 [March 1874]

Summary

Proof-correcting [of 2d ed. of Coral reefs?].

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:	21 [Mar 1874]
Classmark:	DAR 153: 84
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9324

Matches: 10 hits

… To H. E. Litchfield 21 [March 1874] …
… DAR 153: 84 Charles Robert Darwin Down 21 [Mar 1874] Henrietta Emma Darwin/Henrietta Emma …
… edition. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1874. Coral reefs : The structure and distribution of …
… Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Freeman, Richard Broke. 1977. The works of …
… the letter from J. V. Carus, 15 March 1874 . Henrietta was reading the proof-sheets of …
… see letter to J. V. Carus, 8 March [1874] ); CD mentioned that she was helping with this …
… his letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 [March 1874] . The copyist left blank spaces in the text …
… Correspondence vol. 21, Appendix II); it was completed by 4 April 1874 (see letter to …
… John Murray, 4 April 1874 ). The sales figures of the German translations of CD’s books, …
… see letter from J. V. Carus, 15 March 1874 ). Eduard Koch of E. Schweizerbart’sche …

To J. V. Carus 8 March [1874]

Summary

Looks forward to a visit from JVC and family in August.

Sheets of vol. 1 of Descent [2d ed.] are going to printer;

new edition of Coral reefs is half printed.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Julius Victor Carus
Date:	8 Mar [1874]
Classmark:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Slg. Darmstaedter Lc 1859: Darwin, Charles, Bl. 114–115)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9340

Matches: 9 hits

… To J. V. Carus 8 March [1874] …
… Darwin, Charles, Bl. 114–115) Charles Robert Darwin Down 8 Mar [1874] Julius Victor Carus …
… Darwin received a copy of Coral reefs 2d ed. in late May 1874 (see letter from G. …
… H. Darwin, 30 May 1874 ); the publication of the work was …
… recorded in Publishers’ circular , 1 July 1874. …
… Revised edition. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1874. Descent 2d ed. : The descent of man, and …
… Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. Descent : The descent of man, and selection …
… see letter to J. V. Carus, 21 January 1874 ); evidently Carus suggested early August in …
… see letter from J. V. Carus, 19 January 1874 ). Sophie Catherine Carus was Carus’s wife, …

From Albert Wigand 11 March 1874

Summary

Sends copy of his book [Der Darwinismus und die Naturforschung Newtons und Cuviers, vol. 1 (1874)]. Expresses respect for CD in spite of the book’s criticism of him.

Author:	Julius Wilhelm Albert (Albert) Wigand
Addressee:	Charles Robert Darwin
Date:	11 Mar 1874
Classmark:	DAR 181: 100
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9352

Matches: 9 hits

… From Albert Wigand 11 March 1874 …
… 181: 100 Julius Wilhelm Albert (Albert) Wigand Marburg 11 Mar 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
… Naturforschung Newtons und Cuviers , vol. 1 (1874)]. Expresses respect for CD in spite of …
… been of service in the past. The second volume of Wigand 1874–7 was published in 1876. …
… London: John Murray. 1872. Wigand, Albert. 1874–7. Der Darwinismus und die Naturforschung …
… Marburg den 11 Merz 1874 Hochgeehrter Herr! Wenn ich mir die Freiheit nehme, Ihnen …
… und Cuviers (Darwinism and the natural researches of Newton and Cuvier; Wigand 1874–7 ). …
… CD’s copy of Wigand 1874–7 is in the Darwin Library–Down. In Origin 6th ed. , pp. 170–6, …
… Marburg 11 March 1874 Most honoured Sir! If I allow myself to present you with a recently …

From T. H. Huxley 31 March 1874

Summary

His note on brain [in man and apes for 2d ed. of Descent] nearly finished.

Has heard nothing about Dohrn.

THH has been invited to lecture in America.

Author:	Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:	Charles Robert Darwin
Date:	31 Mar 1874
Classmark:	DAR 166: 332
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9380

Matches: 8 hits

… From T. H. Huxley 31 March 1874 …
… 332 Thomas Henry Huxley London, Marlborough Place, 4 31 Mar 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
… selection in relation to sex. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition. London: John Murray. 1874. …
… see letter to T. H. Huxley, 28 March [1874] and n. 3). Michael Foster was attempting to …
… see letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 March 1874 and n. 4). CD had sent Dohrn a donation of …
… see letter to T. H. Huxley, 28 March [1874] ). Huxley did not undertake his lecture tour …
… letter from T. H. Huxley, 27 January 1874 and n. 2), after which Wedgwood sent him …
… 4 Marlborough Place | NW March 31. 1874 My dear Darwin The brain business is more than …

From T. L. Brunton 9 March 1874

Summary

Writes on the possible origin of serpent-worship.

Is glad CD does not think his view regarding the two sides of the face is erroneous.

Author:	Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1st baronet
Addressee:	Charles Robert Darwin
Date:	9 Mar 1874
Classmark:	DAR 160: 338
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9345

Matches: 6 hits

… From T. L. Brunton 9 March 1874 …
… Lauder Brunton, 1st baronet London, Somerset St, 23 9 Mar 1874 Charles Robert Darwin …
… See letter to T. L. Brunton, 4 March 1874 . See letter to T. …
… L. Brunton, 4 March 1874 and n. 5. CD was interested in the relative nutritional values …
… hydrolysed forms of collagen); see letter to T. L. Brunton, 4 March 1874 and n. 4. …
… S t . Portman Sq | London W. March 9 th . 1874 Dear Sir Many thanks for your kind letter & …

To Anton Dohrn 7 March 1874

Summary

CD is grieved to hear that AD is overworked and troubled about the Zoological Station. Glad he is now writing to seek assistance from English naturalists. Sends a subscription of £100 and £10 each from George and Francis Darwin.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Felix Anton (Anton) Dohrn
Date:	7 Mar 1874
Classmark:	Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München (Ana 525. Ba 712)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9338

Matches: 5 hits

… recently changed his mind (see letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 March 1874 and enclosures). …
… To Anton Dohrn 7 March 1874 …
… München (Ana 525. Ba 712) Charles Robert Darwin Down 7 Mar 1874 Felix Anton (Anton) Dohrn …
… Down, | Beckenham, Kent. March 7 th . 1874 My dear D r Dohrn I have just heard from Huxley …
… See letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 March 1874 . CD’s letter has not been found. Thomas …

To the Royal Society of London 2 March [1874]

Summary

A certificate for admission [of Robert Swinhoe] to Royal Society with many signatures has been lost by the Post Office. Asks for another so he can get the signatures anew.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Royal Society of London
Date:	2 Mar [1874]
Classmark:	Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9329

Matches: 9 hits

… To the Royal Society of London 2 March [1874] …
… M. Stecher collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 2 Mar [1874] Royal Society of London …
… The secretaries of the Royal Society of London in 1874 were Thomas Henry Huxley and George …
… and the letter from Robert Swinhoe, 9 February 1874 , and by the form of the printed …
… address, which CD used only until November 1874. Swinhoe was put forward for election …
… Royal Society twice; he was unsuccessful in 1874, but was elected in 1876 ( Record of the …
… letter from Robert Swinhoe, 9 February 1874 ); this involved CD’s obtaining six signatures …
… also letter to H. B. Tristram, 3 March [1874] ). The certificates had to be suspended in …
… s, were read out at a meeting on 5 March 1874 ( Proceedings of the Royal Society of London …

To Thomas Woolner 9 March 1874

Summary

Seeks support for election of his nephew, Henry Parker, to the Athenaeum.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Thomas Woolner
Date:	9 Mar 1874
Classmark:	Mitchell Library, Sydney (A26/112)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-9342

Matches: 4 hits

… To Thomas Woolner 9 March 1874 …
… Mitchell Library, Sydney (A26/112) Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Mar 1874 Thomas Woolner …
… See letter to George Bentham, 9 March [1874] , nn. 2–4. …
… Down, | Beckenham, Kent. March 9 1874 My dear M r Woolner If you can attend the Ballotting …

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Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 23 hits

… The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the …
… intervals’ ( letter to D. T. Gardner, [ c . 27 August 1874] ). The death of a Cambridge friend, …
… and collecting beetles ( letter from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ). Such reminiscences led Darwin to …
… much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). I feel very old & …
… old & helpless’ ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] ). Darwin mentioned his poor …
… on the matter ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 26 October 1874 ). Séances, psychics, and …
… Joseph Dalton Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] ). Later in the month, …
… and an imposter’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 27 January 1874 ). Darwin agreed that it was ‘all …
… perform his antics’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 29 January [1874] ). This did not stop word getting …
… at his home ( letter from T. G. Appleton, 2 April 1874 ). Back over old ground New …
… Charles Lyell ( letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 8 January 1874 , letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 …
… of correction’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 21 [March 1874] ). The book came out in June with the …
… Darwin on this point ( letter from J. D. Dana, 21 July 1874 ); however, he did not retract his …
… dog breeders (letters from George Cupples, 21 February 1874 and 12 March 1874 ); the material …
… Islands (Hawaii; letters from T. N. Staley, 12 February 1874 and 20 February 1874 ; letters …
… islanders ( letter from William Dealtry, 16 January 1874 ). One of the most significant …
… enemy into a jelly’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 14 April 1874 ). The technical nature of Huxley’s …
… mind where it goes’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 16 April 1874 ). The second edition of …
… would be very good ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 November 1874 ). Darwin's son George …
… of your thought’ ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 20 April 1874 ). The Mivart affair …
… mental and physical disorders (G. H. Darwin 1873b). In July 1874, an anonymous essay appeared in the …
… libel’ on his son ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [27 July 1874] ). George, however, consulted with his …
… [a] lying scoundrel’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ). He drafted a brief statement of …

Darwin's 1874 letters go online

Summary

The full transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1874 through his letters and see a full list of the letters. The 1874 letters…

Matches: 9 hits

… of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. …
… ( Letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ) The Mivart affair highlights …
… are some other highlights from Darwin's correspondence in 1874: I feel as old as …
… signifying so much. ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) At the age of 65, Darwin …
… more quietly was severely tested by some of the events of 1874. He had a clear idea of the shape of …
… must be enough for me ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) During the year he …
… the positive ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 August [1874] ) – he mourned after several …
… day’s work ( Letter to D. F. Nevill, 18 September [1874] ) Darwin’s family continued …
… have to do— ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 November [1874] ) Darwin’s continuing …

St George Jackson Mivart

Summary

In the second half of 1874, Darwin’s peace was disturbed by an anonymous article in the Quarterly Review suggesting that his son George was opposed to the institution of marriage and in favour of ‘unrestrained licentiousness’. Darwin suspected, correctly,…

Matches: 16 hits

… In 1874, the Catholic zoologist St George Jackson Mivart caused Darwin and his son …
… appeared to have created very little stir, until, in July 1874, Mivart published an anonymous review …
… of the Quarterly ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 29 July 1874 ). Darwin hastily advised against …
… to wish to circulate ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ). Darwin provided a draft of the …
… to endorse them ( letter from G. H. Darwin, 5 August 1874 ). He sent a second draft, which Darwin …
… a fair copy of his letter with his letter of 6 [August] 1874 . George and Darwin were also …
… George’s letter to Murray with his letter of 11 August 1874 , and was no doubt relieved to …
… to all he asked ( letter from John Murray, 12 August 1874 ). In October, George’s letter …
… a Pickwickian sense’ ( letter to John Murray, 18 October 1874 ). In other words, Mivart had used …
… reaction was savage ( letter to G. H. Darwin, [6 December 1874] ). Hooker and Huxley between them …
… the attack on George ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 December 1874 ). Huxley met Mivart at an evening …
… ( Enclosure to letter from J. D. Hooker, 21 December 1874 .) A reply soon came from Mivart . …
… of a gentleman’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 23 December 1874 ). However, Huxley still wrote to …
… this. 124 Gower St W.C. Dec. 24th 1874. Private & Confidential …
… to John Tyndall ( letter from John Tyndall, 28 December 1874 , and letter from J. D. Hooker, 29 …
… 16 January 1875, p. 66, signed, ‘The Quarterly Reviewer of 1874’. In it he reiterated his claim that …

Lost in translation: From Auguste Forel, 12 November 1874

Summary

You receive a gift from your scientific hero Charles Darwin. It is a book that contains sections on your favourite topic—ants. If only you had paid attention when your mother tried to teach you English you might be able to read it. But you didn’t, and you…

Matches: 1 hits

… understand a word. Writing in French on 12 November 1874 to thank Darwin for the book, …

Joseph Simms

Summary

The American doctor and author of works on physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874, while he was staying in London. He enclosed a copy of his book Nature’s revelations of character (Simms 1873). He hoped it might 'prove…

Matches: 2 hits

… physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874 , while he was staying in London. …
… stockings. (Letter from Joseph Simms, 14 September 1874 ) The foot could tell …

Essay: Evolution & theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray EVOLUTION AND THEOLOGY The Nation, January 15, 1874 The attitude of theologians toward doctrines of evolution, from the nebular hypothesis down to ‘Darwinism,’ is no less worthy of consideration, and hardly less diverse, than that of…

Matches: 1 hits

… EVOLUTION AND THEOLOGY The Nation, January 15, 1874 The attitude of theologians toward …

Essay: What is Darwinism?

Summary

—by Asa Gray WHAT IS DARWINISM? The Nation, May 28, 1874 The question which Dr. Hodge asks he promptly and decisively answers: ‘What is Darwinism? it is atheism.’ Leaving aside all subsidiary and incidental matters, let us consider–1. What the…

Matches: 1 hits

… Gray WHAT IS DARWINISM? The Nation, May 28, 1874 The question which Dr. Hodge …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 7 hits

… attack upon Darwin’s son George, in an anonymous review in 1874 (see Correspondence vol. 22, …
… had also considered taking up the issue with Murray in 1874, even threatening to break off future …
… laid to rest, another controversy was brewing. In December 1874, Darwin had been asked to sign a …
… botanical research and had visited Down House in April 1874 (see Correspondence vol. 22, letters …
… A scientific friendship had developed between the men in 1874, and this was enhanced by Romanes’s …
… white’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, [before 4 November 1874] ). Testing Pangenesis …
… had learned of Lyell’s failing health from Hooker in 1874 and January 1875. On 22 February, he was …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 5 hits

… 9426 - Story-Maskelyne , T. M. to Darwin, [23 April 1874] Thereza Story-Maskelyne …
… Letter 9616 - Marshall, T. to Darwin, [September 1874] Theodosia Marshall sends …
… 9606 - Harrison, L. C. to Darwin, [22 August 1874] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, sends a …
… Letter 9616 - Marshall, T. to Darwin, [September 1874] Theodosia Marshall details …
… Letter 9485 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [8 June 1874] Mary Treat details her experiments …

4.18 'Figaro' chromolithograph 1

Summary

< Back to Introduction In a cartoon of 1874 by Figaro’s French-born artist Faustin Betbeder (known as Faustin), Darwin holds up a mirror reflecting himself and the startled ape sitting beside him. Their hairy bodies, seen against a background of palm…

Matches: 6 hits

… < Back to Introduction In a cartoon of 1874 by Figaro’ s French-born artist Faustin …
… this anti-Darwinian argument – a surprising one for 1874 – was genuine or tongue-in-cheek, it is …
… appeared on the front page of the issue for 18 February 1874, surrounded by an elaborate wood …
… The caricature of Darwin was not included until the May 1874 issue of the Sketch-Book (vol. 1, …
… at bottom left.   date of creation February 1874   computer-readable date c. …
… of the Huntington Library. Figaro no. 475 (18 February 1874), cover illustration. James G. …

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)

Summary

George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…

Matches: 1 hits

… started ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 January [1874] ). Darwin took Emma to a Sunday afternoon at …

4.24 'Daily Graphic', Nast satire

Summary

< Back to Introduction In 1874 the Harvard philosopher John Fiske published his magnum opus, Outlines of Cosmic Philosophy, in which he set out to explain the far-reaching significance of Darwin’s and Herbert Spencer’s evolutionary theories. He…

Matches: 7 hits

… < Back to Introduction In 1874 the Harvard philosopher John Fiske published his magnum …
… in 1879 and 1880. When Cosmic Philosophy appeared in 1874, Fiske sent Darwin a copy, but …
… mind generally towards the doctrine of Evolution in 1874-1875. I like to keep this design before me …
… bottom right)   date of creation September 1874   computer-readable date 1874-09 …
… and bibliography The Daily Graphic 5: 474 (12 Sept. 1874), front page. John Fiske, Outlines …
… and New York: Houghton, Mifflin, and London: Macmillan, 1874); there were many subsequent editions. …
… letters to Fiske about Outlines : DCP-LETT- 9706 (3 Nov. [1874]) and DCP-LETT- 9749 (8 Dec. [1874 …

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

Matches: 1 hits

… to Hermanus Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen, 18 February 1874 ) Zouteveen’s editions of …

Animals, ethics, and the progress of science

Summary

Darwin’s view on the kinship between humans and animals had important ethical implications. In Descent, he argued that some animals exhibited moral behaviour and had evolved mental powers analogous to conscience. He gave examples of cooperation, even…

Matches: 1 hits

… can be chloroformed (letter to G. J. Romanes, 27 December 1874 ). In the previous sections …

4.16 Joseph Simms, physiognomy

Summary

< Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a three-year lecture tour of Britain, sent Darwin a copy of his book, Nature’s Revelations of Character; Or, Physiognomy Illustrated. He was seeking a public…

Matches: 2 hits

… < Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a …
… [1861] (DCP-LETT-3256]. Simms’s letter to Darwin, 14 Sept. 1874 (DCP-LETT-9637; from DAR 177:164). …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 1 hits

… A GRAY 3 AUGUST 1871 201 TO A GRAY 3 JUNE [1874] 202 FROM A GRAY 16 …

Darwin as mentor

Summary

Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…

Matches: 2 hits

… Letter 9580 - Darwin to Darwin, G. H. D., [1 August 1874] Darwin gives feedback on work …
… Letter 9613 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [30 August 1874] Darwin comments on a “clever” …

3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871

Summary

< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…

Matches: 4 hits

… 1871, but dates others (still with the spotted waistcoat) to 1874. Elliott and Fry were …
… Table in November 1876. The Pictorial World of 6 June 1874 published a wood engraving which …
… taken in summer 1869 and summer 1871, possible also in 1874.   computer-readable date c …
… 140.1.9). Wood engraving in The Pictorial World (6 June 1874), p. 228 (DAR 140.1.3). Another …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 2 hits

… ( To Fritz Müller, 25 September 1873 ). But by March 1874, some doubts seemed to have arisen when …
… with new & related matter. ( To J. V. Carus, 19 March [1874] ). A year later, Darwin still …

3.16 Oscar Rejlander, photos

Summary

< Back to Introduction Darwin’s plans for the illustration of his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born painter and photographer, Oscar Gustaf Rejlander. Rejlander gave Darwin the notes that he had…

Matches: 2 hits

… as a steel engraving, which was published in Nature in 1874, and was included in Francis Darwin …
… to the Subscribers to Nature no. 240 June 4 th 1874’. Wood engraving in The Graphic , XI:278 …

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Darwin, C. R.	(38)
Newton, Alfred	(3)
Burdon Sanderson, J. S.	(2)
Hooker, J. D.	(2)
Huxley, T. H.	(2)

Darwin, C. R.	(23)
Hooker, J. D.	(3)
Newton, Alfred	(3)
Burdon Sanderson, J. S.	(2)
Carus, J. V.	(2)

Darwin, C. R.	(61)
Newton, Alfred	(6)
Hooker, J. D.	(5)
Burdon Sanderson, J. S.	(4)
Carus, J. V.	(3)

	carnivorous plants	(1)
	CCD intro	(5)
	Coral reefs	(1)
	Darwin's controversies	(2)
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	Correspondents	(14)
	Readers and critics	(3)
	Historical documents	(4)
	Featured	(5)
	drama	(1)
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	Voyage of HMS Beagle	(1)
	About Darwin	(1)
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	Darwin's scientific network	(3)
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	Natural selections: a longer read	(1)
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Darwin Correspondence Project

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